MemoryPub Date : 2026-05-08DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2662607
Pia Pennekamp, Jamal K Mansour, Rhiannon J Batstone
{"title":"Numeric and verbal eyewitness confidence: order effects.","authors":"Pia Pennekamp, Jamal K Mansour, Rhiannon J Batstone","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2662607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2026.2662607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The criminal justice system continues to obtain eyewitness confidence verbally (in the eyewitness's own words). Because verbal confidence statements are challenging to interpret, eyewitnesses could provide scale ratings after verbal judgments or vice versa - if the confidence-accuracy relationship is maintained when both are obtained. Participants watched two videos and then viewed a target-present and target-absent lineups for the targets. After each lineup, participants provided confidence verbally (in their own words) and then numerically (0-100%) or numerically and then verbally. Asking eyewitnesses to provide confidence verbally and numerically did not negatively impact the confidence-accuracy relationship, regardless of order. However, the numeric values eyewitnesses provided when using similar own-word confidence judgments varied. We caution that the usefulness of verbal confidence to postdict identification accuracy hinges on a systematic approach to its interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MemoryPub Date : 2026-05-05DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2665729
Allison M Sklenar, Andrea N Frankenstein, Pauline Urban Levy, Eric D Leshikar
{"title":"Strength of social episodic memory influences subsequent social decisions.","authors":"Allison M Sklenar, Andrea N Frankenstein, Pauline Urban Levy, Eric D Leshikar","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2665729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2026.2665729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many social factors influence decisions to approach or avoid social targets, but less research has directly investigated the impact of cognitive factors, such as memory, on such social decisions. Recent work has shown that social episodic memory (i.e., memory for specific details associated with specific social targets based on prior experiences) can influence subsequent approach/avoidance decisions. The goal of the current study is to investigate the influence of social episodic memory strength (i.e., comparing stronger versus weaker memory representations) on approach/avoidance decisions. In this investigation, participants viewed social targets represented by a face image and a trait-implying behaviour and formed positive or negative impressions of targets viewed twice (double presentation) or once (single presentation). Participants then completed two different memory measures (impression memory, behavior memory) followed by an approach/avoidance decision task. By presenting some targets twice and others once, this allowed us to compare stronger (double presentation) versus weaker (single presentation) social episodic memory representations on subsequent social decisions. Results showed support for the role of memory in approach/avoidance decisions (regardless of memory strength), where correct memory for targets associated with positive impressions induced approach decisions, whereas correct memory for targets associated with negative impressions induced avoidance decisions. Importantly, results further showed stronger impact of social episodic memory on decisions for targets seen twice relative to once, suggesting that stronger social episodic memory representations have a larger effect on approach/avoidance judgments. These findings add to a growing body of work suggesting that memory plays an essential role in social decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MemoryPub Date : 2026-05-05DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2663972
Hilal Ersoy, Basak Sahin-Acar, Inci Boyacioglu
{"title":"The role of acculturation in autobiographical memory characteristics of Syrian migrants.","authors":"Hilal Ersoy, Basak Sahin-Acar, Inci Boyacioglu","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2663972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2026.2663972","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study examined the association between acculturation orientations and the phenomenological and episodic characteristics of autobiographical memories of Syrian adult migrants in Türkiye. Moreover, the role of language in this association was investigated. Each participant received three instructions: recalling a pre-migration memory, a post-migration memory, and projecting an autobiographical future event. Participants then rated the general phenomenological and episodic characteristics of each memory, as well as the episodic characteristics of autobiographical future projection. Results revealed that host cultural orientation was positively associated with all characteristics of post-migration memories, as well as with the episodic characteristic of autobiographical future projection. The interaction pattern of acculturation orientations showed that the separation strategy was positively associated with post-migration autobiographical memory variables. No statistically significant associations were found between language and autobiographical memory variables. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to examine migrants' autobiographical memory characteristics across different life periods by measuring acculturation. Overall, the findings suggest that the adaptiveness of different acculturation strategies for autobiographical memory recall may be highly dependent on the sociocultural context of the host country. The findings indicate new conceptualizations in migrants' autobiographical memory research and address gaps in the existing literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MemoryPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2026-04-07DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2650334
Yui Fukushima, Jackson A Cate, Andrea Taylor, Sharda Umanath, Maryanne Garry
{"title":"National collective memories and their functions in Japan and the US.","authors":"Yui Fukushima, Jackson A Cate, Andrea Taylor, Sharda Umanath, Maryanne Garry","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2650334","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2650334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Collective memories are shared representations of a group's past. For nations, these memories serve important purposes: they shape national identity, promote social cohesion and guide future decisions. Although extensive research has examined collective memory in Europe and the United States, less is known about countries outside these regions, such as Japan. Cultural tightness and other societal differences may influence the extent to which collective memories serve these functions. To address this issue, we first asked Japanese participants to nominate nationally important collective memories (Study 1), and then asked both Japanese and American participants to report the extent to which their country's collective memories serve directive, social and identity functions (Study 2). Surprisingly, Japanese participants showed agreement on relatively few collective memories and rated those memories as serving these functions to a lesser degree than did Americans. These findings raise questions about how cultural tightness, institutional influences and educational systems shape collective memory and its functions. We suggest that in Japan, national identity may rely more on structural and cultural continuity than on shared recollections of specific historical events.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"544-555"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147633823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MemoryPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2026-04-01DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2652386
Jiansheng Li, Zhichen Chen, Ying Zhao, Jingnan Wang
{"title":"Forgetting unrelated spatial memories through suppression-induced amnesia.","authors":"Jiansheng Li, Zhichen Chen, Ying Zhao, Jingnan Wang","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2652386","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2652386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Active forgetting through retrieval suppression can impair memory for information encountered nearby in time (\"amnesic shadow\"). Whether this collateral effect extends to spatial memory is unclear. Across three experiments, we examined how suppression influences the encoding of new spatial memories. Experiment 1 used a modified hippocampal-modulation paradigm that paired the Think/No-Think task with a spatial location task. Spatial locations encoded between suppression trials were recalled less accurately than those encoded between retrieval trials or a baseline, evidencing an amnesic shadow for spatial memory. Experiment 2 introduced a 24-hour delay and showed that the deficit persisted, indicating durability beyond initial encoding. Experiment 3 manipulated control strategies: direct suppression produced the shadow, whereas thought substitution did not impair nearby spatial learning. Together, the results support systemic-suppression accounts in which prefrontal control transiently down-regulates hippocampal function, broadly weakening hippocampus-dependent processes. By extending the amnesic shadow to spatial memory and isolating it to direct suppression, this work provides a strategy-specific behavioural marker of memory control and clarifies how attempts to contain unwanted thoughts can unintentionally degrade concurrent spatial learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"556-567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147593159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MemoryPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2026-03-09DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2639554
Nida Bikmen, Thu Le
{"title":"Who wants to remember COVID-19? Social identification and collective remembering-imagining system predict support for pandemic commemorations.","authors":"Nida Bikmen, Thu Le","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2639554","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2639554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Like most natural disasters, pandemics are rarely memorialised by societies and poorly remembered by individuals. Using an online survey, we examined two samples (total <i>N</i> = 350) of US young adults' support for commemorating COVID-19. Participants completed measures of identification with all humanity (IWAH), listed significant world events that happened since 1918 and events they anticipate happening by 2128, and indicated their support for investing public funds to commemorate COVID-19. IWAH was a significant predictor of support for commemorating COVID-19. Further, remembering natural disasters predicted anticipating future ones, which in turn predicted support for commemoration. However, the two predictors, IWAH and collective remembering-imagining system, were independent of each other. Findings confirm that people's anticipations for the future are informed by their knowledge of the past and suggest that efforts to prepare for future disasters could benefit from focusing on history education and public commemorations.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"495-505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147390614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MemoryPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2026-03-06DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2639553
Demet Kara, Annette Bohn
{"title":"Personal future events of immigrants: what is the role of remembering the distant or recent past?","authors":"Demet Kara, Annette Bohn","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2639553","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2639553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study investigated whether remembering the distant versus the recent personal past influences self-continuity levels and expected future event characteristics in a sample of immigrants. Seventy-three Turkish immigrants living in Denmark participated in three sessions involving questionnaires and life story interviews. In the first session, participants completed baseline measures of self-continuity, psychological wellbeing, acculturation, and demographics. In the second and third sessions, they recalled significant events and narrated life stories from pre-migration (distant past) and post-migration (recent past), followed by measures of self-continuity and wellbeing. After each memory recall, participants described three expected future events and rated them on phenomenological characteristics such as vividness and emotional valence. We analyzed differences in self-continuity and future event characteristics between the pre- and post-migration conditions, as well as the relationships among the variables, thematic content of future events, and their resemblance to cultural life scripts. Results revealed no significant differences in future event characteristics between the conditions. However, a small difference emerged in self-continuity levels: contrary to expectations, participants reported slightly higher self-continuity in the pre-migration condition than in the post-migration condition. These findings contribute to understanding of how autobiographical memory relate to future thinking and self in the context of migration.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"481-494"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147369868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MemoryPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2026-03-22DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2645631
Nicholas P Maxwell, Mckinzie Adkins
{"title":"Judgments of learning improve multiple-choice recognition but not short-answer recall of educational text passages.","authors":"Nicholas P Maxwell, Mckinzie Adkins","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2645631","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2645631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Judgments of learning (JOLs) can improve memory for cue-target word pairs (i.e., JOL reactivity). Prior research suggests that this effect does not extend to text passage learning, especially when memory is assessed using short-answer tests (e.g., Ariel, R., Karpicke, J. D., Witherby, A. E., & Tauber, S. K. (2021). Do judgments of learning directly enhance learning of educational materials? <i>Educational Psychology Review</i>, <i>33</i>(2), 693-712. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-020-09556-8). However, JOL reactivity is often moderated by test format and JOL phrasing, and recent findings suggest that reactivity effects are greater when recognition tests are used. We tested whether global and term-specific JOLs would improve text passage learning when memory was assessed using short-answer (Experiment 1) and multiple-choice tests (Experiments 2 and 3). Across test formats, global JOLs were non-reactive. However, term-specific JOLs produced negative reactivity on short-answer tests (Experiment 1) but positive reactivity on multiple-choice tests (Experiments 2 and 3). This positive reactivity effect was greater in Experiment 3 when term-specific JOLs used a target-present phrasing. Importantly, this effect was also observed relative to a restudy group, suggesting that positive JOL reactivity was not solely driven by increased exposure to the target information. Taken together, JOLs can improve text passage learning, but their effectiveness is linked to test format and JOL phrasing.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"506-521"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147499222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MemoryPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2026-04-05DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2652391
Jinhui Hu, Yaru Sun, Yajie Duan, Mingjuan Ren, Ning Chen, Wei Liu
{"title":"Effect of collaborative strategies on retrieval: the evidence from different task materials.","authors":"Jinhui Hu, Yaru Sun, Yajie Duan, Mingjuan Ren, Ning Chen, Wei Liu","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2652391","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2652391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Collaborative memory refers to a process where two or more members encode information individually but collaborate during retrieval. While the collaborative process itself is widely studied in retrieval research, communication strategies - specifically, how collaboration is strategically conducted - have received little attention. Through three experiments, this study investigates the influence of the \"free collaboration\", \"supporting others\" and \"focusing on differences\" collaborative retrieval strategies and \"nominal group\" in four groups on collaborative memory and the collaborative retrieval effect across three types of memory materials: words, picture - names, and stories. Based on the results, the following conclusions can be drawn:(1) The influence of collaborative strategies on collaborative extraction exhibits a certain degree of task specificity. The difference-focused strategy demonstrated superior efficacy with verbal materials, whereas the partner-support strategy enhanced retrieval performance for narrative materials. (2) The influence of collaborative strategies on the collaborative memory effect also varies depending on the material. Distinct patterns of collaborative inhibition and error pruning emerged for verbal versus narrative materials in the two strategy groups. (3) For picture-name pairs - owing to their dual-coding characteristics - no performance differences emerged between strategy groups during collaborative retrieval, with both exhibiting collaborative advantages. In summary, the optimal collaboration approach varies according to material type, while collaboration strategies guide distinct interaction patterns. The differential alignment between these two dimensions - material-optimized approaches versus strategy-guided approaches - ultimately determines how collaboration strategies influence retrieval performance across materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"568-581"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147623207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}