{"title":"Predictors of Career Commitment and Employment Level of Tertiary-educated Indonesian Women","authors":"Wilman D. Mansoer, prof. Tian P.S. Oei","doi":"10.1080/00049539908255332","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00049539908255332","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated the relationships among education, liberal sex-role values, gender-role orientation (masculinity/femininity), career commitment, and employment level for a sample of 302 married Indonesian women. All participants were tertiary educated and currently employed either as teachers in tertiary institutions or as managers in government or private enterprise. Multiple regression analysis revealed that liberal sex-role values and masculinity were significant predictors of career commitment, whereas education was the only variable to significantly predict employment level. Results are compared with previous research on predictors of career commitment and employment level in both Asian and Western cultures. Directions for further research are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":"51 1","pages":"29-36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2011-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00049539908255332","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22041812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role dissatisfaction and the decline in marital quality across the transition to parenthood.","authors":"D J Terry, T A Mchugh, P Noller","doi":"10.1080/00049539108260136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049539108260136","url":null,"abstract":"In the examination of role dissatisfaction and decline in marital quality across the transition to parenthood, it is postulated that 1) there would be a decline in the mean level of marital quality particularly among females, and 2) that the level of perceived inequity in postpartum allocation of marital roles would moderate the effects of the transition. A background review of pertinent literature pertaining to role dissatisfaction is presented, and found to be complex. Role inequity was measured as the level of dissatisfaction with a partner's contribution to a range of different role activities postpartum. The Australian sample was comprised of 59 primiparous couples who reported levels of marital satisfaction during the last trimester of pregnancy (Time 1) and then 3 months after the birth of the baby (Time 2). Couples were recruited from a variety of sources: private physicians, childbirth classes, and public hospitals. Average marriage duration was 3.5 years. Mean female age was 23.85 years and mean male age was 26.71 years. Most had completed at least 12 years of formal education. Marital quality was measured by a 32 item Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) comprised of units on dyadic satisfaction, consensus, cohesion, and affectional expression. Time 1 mean correlation of subscales was .43, and Time 2, .36. Dissatisfaction with partner's role performance was measured with an instrument of 18 items developed by Noller and Callan. Alpha coefficients were .69 and .71 for males and females respectively. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to assess marital quality scores by sex and time period and changes in marital quality due to level of postnatal role dissatisfaction by sex and time period. The Bonferronni procedure was used to control the Type 1 error rate for all analyses after the initial analysis of variance. The results revealed that the decline in marital quality reported in the literature may be a reflection of a decline in affectional expression. There was no support for the expectation that females experienced greater declines in marital quality than males, although it is possible that those experiencing greater dissatisfaction may not have provided followup data. There was support for the notion that females' levels of role dissatisfaction account for declines in marital quality; i.e., there was a decline in scores of affectional expression of women only who were also dissatisfied with a partner's role performance. When females perceived partner's performing a fair share in household tasks, marital quality increased. Future research on causation should explore the inequity model and use an objective measure of 1 or both variables. The link between role relations to the extent of change in new mothers' levels of marital quality suggests prenatal counseling on marital roles. Role inequity had no effect on male levels of decline in marital quality. Independent processes may account for these results, but there is a promising direc","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":"43 3","pages":"129-32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00049539108260136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22014785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accident tendency, avoidance learning and perceptual defence.","authors":"J D KEEHN","doi":"10.1080/00049536108255999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049536108255999","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":"13 ","pages":"157-69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"1961-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00049536108255999","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"23975532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}