Australian Journal of Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Mediator role of resilience in the relationship between social support and work life balance","authors":"Sevda Köse, Beril Baykal, I. Bayat","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2021.1895678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2021.1895678","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective In this study, we examined the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between social support and work–life balance. Method Questionnaires administered face-to-face were completed by 434 volunteer participants working in the service sector in the Kocaeli province of Turkey who were recruited through convenience sampling. Structural Equation Model was performed on the collected data. Analyses were performed using IBM SPSS 21 and AMOS 22. Results Findings showed that resilience had a mediating role in the relationship between social support and work–life balance, and the three variables were positively related to each other. Conclusions Social support primarily affects the resilience levels of individuals, which, in turn, affects work–life balance. The increase in the level of social support of individuals also increases their resilience, and this positive change in the level of resilience positively affects work-life balance. The findings of the study are discussed on the basis of the relevant literature.KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) Recent changes in organisations and employee demographics have made work–life balance more important. (2) Ensuring work–life balance is important for both organisations and individuals. (3) Both personal and social determinants play an important role in ensuring work–life balance. What this topic adds: (1) There are few studies showing the effect of resilience on the relationship between social support and work–life balance. (2) Social support is considered one of the protective factors of resilience. (3) Resilience is considered a personality trait that is effective in maintaining work–life balance.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":"73 1","pages":"316 - 325"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00049530.2021.1895678","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49199022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of psychological distress in an Australian TAFE sample and the relationships between psychological distress, emotion-focused coping and academic success","authors":"Kylie Rice, A. Rock, Elizabeth Murrell, G. Tyson","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2021.1883408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2021.1883408","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective This study investigated the baseline prevalence of general psychological distress reported by students in a regional Technical and Further Education (TAFE) Institute in Australia. In addition, the relationship between psychological distress, emotion-focused coping and academic success at the end of one semester of study was explored. Method Three hundred and four participants (M = 32.00, SD = 13.12) completed measures of psychological distress (Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, 21 item) and emotion-focused coping (Coping in Stressful Situations Checklist). Academic success (i.e., module completion rate at the end of the semester) was also quantified. Results Consistent with university samples, the results suggest that TAFE students have higher levels of psychological distress when compared with normative data. Participants with higher levels of distress also reported applying emotion-focused coping strategies, and had reduced academic success at the end of the semester. The relationship between distress and academic success was mediated by emotion-focused coping. Conclusions This study serves to increase awareness about the possibility of an elevated prevalence of psychological distress in vocational TAFE students, their self-reported use of maladaptive emotion-focused coping strategies, and the relationship with academic outcomes. The findings also suggest potential targets for intervention with this population. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) Recent research indicates that Australian tertiary students have a higher prevalence of psychological distress than the general population. (2) Psychological distress has been found to be associated with poorer academic outcomes and the application of less adaptive coping strategies. (3) The majority of research has been conducted using university samples, and minimal research has been undertaken in the Vocational Education and Training sector, despite its prominence in Australian post-secondary education. What this study adds: (1) Consistent with research conducted in university samples, this study indicated that a sample of TAFE students reported higher levels of psychological distress when compared with normative data. (2) Higher levels of distress were associated with the application of emotion-focused coping strategies, as well as reduced academic success at the end of the semester. (3) The relationship between psychological distress and academic success was mediated by emotion-focused coping.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":"73 1","pages":"231 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00049530.2021.1883408","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45165394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sports-specific metacognitions: associations with flow state in triathletes","authors":"S. Love, L. Kannis-Dymand, G. Lovell","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2021.1882267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2021.1882267","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objectives This study investigated associations between triathletes’ sports-specific metacognitive beliefs, metacognitive processes measured prior to a triathlon (n = 193), and in-event flow measured post event (n = 76).. Method The Metacognitive questionnaires were administered to triathletes one day prior to the event, and the flow scale was administered just following the event. Bivariate correlations were used to test relationships with individual flow dimensions, while stepwise regressions were used to determine the strongest metacognitive predictors of meta processes and flow. Results Correlations indicated that metacognitive beliefs were negatively associated with various specific dimensions of flow (Cohen’s f2 = .28), while metacognitive processes positively associated with flow dimensions (Cohen’s f 2 = .49). Stepwise regressions revealed that specific metacognitive beliefs were negatively associated with metacognitive processes during competition (Cohen’s f2 = .08 to .49), including the coordination, evaluation and control of cognition. Further regressions demonstrated that negative beliefs about competitive thinking, thought control, and cognitive coordination predicted experience of flow during competition. Conclusions Overall, this study demonstrated that sports specific metacognitive beliefs and processes may influence the regulation of flow during a competition, however, further research using longitudinal and qualitative methodologies is required to understand the relationships further KEY POINTS (1)Flow state has been well established as mental state for optimal performance. (2)Manifesting flow requires effective self-regulation of attention and cognition. (3)Metacognitions have shown to influence attention and flow in athletes. (4)Sports-specific metacognitions were associated with various dimensions of flow state. (5)Sports-specific metacognitive beliefs predicted self-regulatory ability prior to performances. (6)Sports-specific metacognitions predicted the experience of flow during performances.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":"73 1","pages":"167 - 178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00049530.2021.1882267","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47491489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Belonging: A Review of Conceptual Issues, an Integrative Framework, and Directions for Future Research.","authors":"Kelly-Ann Allen,&nbsp;Margaret L Kern,&nbsp;Christopher S Rozek,&nbsp;Dennis McInereney,&nbsp;George M Slavich","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2021.1883409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2021.1883409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A sense of belonging-the subjective feeling of deep connection with social groups, physical places, and individual and collective experiences-is a fundamental human need that predicts numerous mental, physical, social, economic, and behavioural outcomes. However, varying perspectives on how belonging should be conceptualised, assessed, and cultivated has hampered much-needed progress on this timely and important topic. To address these critical issues, we conducted a narrative review that summarizes existing perspectives on belonging, describes a new integrative framework for understanding and studying belonging, and identifies several key avenues for future research and practice.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We searched relevant databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, PsycInfo, and ClinicalTrials.gov, for articles describing belonging, instruments for assessing belonging, and interventions for increasing belonging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By identifying the core components of belonging, we introduce a new integrative framework for understanding, assessing, and cultivating belonging that focuses on four interrelated components: competencies, opportunities, motivations, and perceptions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This integrative framework enhances our understanding of the basic nature and features of belonging, provides a foundation for future interdisciplinary research on belonging and belongingness, and highlights how a robust sense of belonging may be cultivated to improve human health and resilience for individuals and communities worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":"73 1","pages":"87-102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00049530.2021.1883409","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38957674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of inflated responsibility beliefs in predicting symptoms of generalised anxiety disorder and depression","authors":"Simone Avard, David Garratt-Reed","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2021.1882268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2021.1882268","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: Inflated responsibility beliefs encompass responsibility attitudes, the general tendency to accept responsibility, and responsibility interpretations, the appraisals of specific intrusive thoughts as indicating personal responsibility for harm. While inflated responsibility beliefs are central to obsessive-compulsive disorder, it is unclear whether they are also related to other disorder symptomology. Consequently, the current study investigated whether inflated responsibility beliefs predicted unique variance in symptoms of depression and generalised anxiety disorder in a non-clinical sample, after controlling for negative affect. Method: Participants were undergraduate psychology students and community members (N = 182, 43 males, 136 females, 3 non-binary), aged 18-70 years (M = 27.71, SD = 11.86) recruited through convenience and snowball sampling. A cross-sectional, correlational design was employed, whereby participants completed an online questionnaire. Data were analysed using two separate hierarchical multiple regression analyses, one with generalised anxiety disorder symptoms as the criterion and one with depression symptoms as the criterion. Results: After controlling for negative affect and age, an increase in responsibility attitudes uniquely predicted a significant small increase in generalised anxiety disorder symptoms, sr 2 = .03, 95% CI [.02, .08], p &lt; .001, but not depression symptoms. Responsibility interpretations did not predict significant unique variance in depression or generalised anxiety disorder symptoms. Conclusions: Results suggest responsibility attitudes relate to symptoms of some disorders (i.e., generalised anxiety disorder), but not all psychopathology (i.e., depression). Responsibility attitudes should potentially be considered in aetiological models of generalised anxiety disorder. Results suggest responsibility interpretations are not transdiagnostic, although measurement difficulties render this unclear. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Inflated responsibility beliefs were first discussed in relation to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and have since been established as central to OCD symptomology. However, it remains unclear whether inflated responsibility beliefs are specific to OCD or represent a general cognitive bias, due to inconsistent study methodology and findings. While reasonably strong evidence exists to suggest that inflated responsibility beliefs may be associated with symptoms of generalised anxiety disorder, these studies have used problematic measures. Limited research has examined the association between inflated responsibility beliefs and depression symptoms, and available research has produced conflicting findings. What this topic adds: The current study is the first to examine responsibility beliefs in relation to symptoms of depression and generalised anxiety disorder using the Responsibility Attitudes Scale/Responsibility Interpretations Questionn","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":"73 1","pages":"157 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00049530.2021.1882268","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42922726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sibling experience: growing up with a trans sibling","authors":"Eleanor Parker, Catriona Davis-Mccabe","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2021.1882269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2021.1882269","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: Research has addressed the experiences of parents, children, and spouses of trans people. The experiences of the siblings of trans people are explored in this study. Method: Thematic analysis was performed on the transcripts of semi-structured interviews with seventeen siblings of trans people. Results: Evidence was found for an umbrella theme (the responsibility to support and protect) and three themes: (“societal issues”, “relationship with their trans sibling”, “family and social relationships”). Results indicated that participants engaged in a process of family transition. Challenges participants faced included: lack of knowledge of trans identities, a lack of trans visibility in society, acting as an intermediary between their trans sibling and others, managing conflict, experiencing relational strain and cut-off, holding the knowledge of their sibling’s gender identity when others were unaware, witnessing their trans sibling’s negative experiences, and suppressing their own negative emotions. Positive experiences included: developing authentic sibling relationships, strengthening family relationships, support from family and social relationships, and developing their understanding of diversity and identity as an advocacy. Conclusions: Needs were identified as: provision of accessible and accurate information regarding trans identities and issues, increased trans visibility, connection with others in similar situations, and targeted counselling and services. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Family support is associated with positive mental health outcomes and reduced suicide risk in trans populations. Parental support is not guaranteed for trans populations. Sibling relationships are often the longest and most influential relationships in life. What this topic adds: A description of the experiences of Australians with at least one trans sibling. An analysis of the positive and challenging aspects of the experiences of people with at least one trans sibling. An understanding of the support needs of the siblings of trans people.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":"73 1","pages":"188 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00049530.2021.1882269","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46791298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health help-seeking experiences and service use among Australian first responders","authors":"Wavne Rikkers, D. Lawrence","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2021.1882271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2021.1882271","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to determine patterns of help-seeking among first responders for conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psychological distress. Method: Data from Answering the Call, the Australian national survey of the mental health and wellbeing of police and emergency services, was analysed to determine mental health help-seeking associations, as well as to measure patterns of service use. This encompassed 14,868 employees across the ambulance, fire and rescue, police, and state emergency services sectors. Results: Over half of employees needing help for a mental health issue neither sought nor received help. First responders with severe mental distress who delayed seeking help reported that they needed a lot more help than they received. Poor help-seeking behaviour and experiences were found to be associated with high levels of PTSD and psychological distress, low levels of mental health literacy, and career concerns. No significant differences were found between the sectors with all employees exhibiting high levels of poor help-seeking behaviour. For organisation-sourced services and programmes, usage levels and perceptions of usefulness were consistently low. Conclusions: Findings support the importance of early help-seeking amongst first responders with emerging mental health conditions. All sectors exhibited sub-optimal help-seeking behaviour and experiences. The problems go beyond the organisational structures, policies and programmes of any individual sector and are likely to be systemic. While all organisations provide mental health and wellbeing programmes and services, they are either not well taken-up, or are not considered sufficiently useful by the people they are designed to help. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: First responders are known to be at high risk of developing mental health conditions. The rate of PTSD in Australian first responders is twice that in the general population. Early and appropriate treatment is essential in preventing mental health conditions from worsening or becoming chronic. What this study adds: This study shows consistently high levels of sub-optimal help-seeking behaviour and experiences among Australian emergency services employees across all sectors. Over half of emergency services employees needing help for a mental health issue neither sought nor received help. Usage and perceived usefulness of organisational mental health and wellbeing programs/services are very low.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":"73 1","pages":"125 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00049530.2021.1882271","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46739545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research productivity, quality, and impact metrics of Australian psychology academics","authors":"Belinda M. Craig, Suzanne M. Cosh, Camilla C. Luck","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2021.1883407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2021.1883407","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: This project aimed to provide normative data from SciVal on the research outputs of Australian psychology academics. Normative data are presented by academic level, university network, and estimated career stage. Additional analyses identify which SciVal metrics (measured over a short time window) predict lifetime performance indicators. Method: Data from 749 psychology academics across 24 universities belonging to the various Australian university networks were extracted from Scopus and SciVal (a tool including metrics of recent research quantity, quality, and impact). Metrics included number of outputs and citations, citations per output, Field Weighted Citation Impact, percentage of outputs in the top 10% by citations or journal rank, and percentage of outputs with international or corporate collaborators. Results: Metrics related to quantity of outputs and citations increased with academic level and career stage. For other SciVal metrics, academics at the more senior levels (D and/or E) often outperformed Level B academics. Academics at Group of Eight universities tended to outperform academics affiliated with other networks by overall outputs and citations. These differences were less consistent for other SciVal metrics. A range of SciVal metrics predicted lifetime metrics. Conclusion: These data provide up-to-date norms to facilitate evaluation of Australian psychology academics using SciVal. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Metrics of research quantity, quality, and impact are increasingly influential in research evaluation. Recent norms for Australian psychology academics stratified by academic level and university affiliation were published by Mazzucchelli et al. (2019). These norms documented significant differences in publications, citations, and h-index for staff at different academic levels and across academics affiliated with different university networks. What this topic adds: This study provides up-to-date norms broken down by academic level, university network, and estimated career stage for a range of new metrics of research quantity, quality, and impact available from SciVal. Analyses are also conducted to identify which SciVal metrics (which are based on publications in the recent past) predict lifetime performance indicators. Senior academics generally outperformed junior academics on most metrics. Group of Eight academics outperformed academics affiliated with other university networks on metrics of raw outputs and citations, but not as consistently for other metrics. A number of SciVal metrics predict lifetime performance indicators.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":"73 1","pages":"144 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00049530.2021.1883407","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49511596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resolving uncertainties of the factor structures of the Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q)","authors":"Dwayne Woolliams, Kirsten Spencer, S. Walters, Christian U. Krägeloh","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2021.1882275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2021.1882275","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: The 3+1Cs model and Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q), measures the interpersonal constructs of Closeness, Commitment, Complementarity and Coorientation to appraise the nature of the relationship, yet the psychometric properties of the instrument still remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to resolve uncertainty about a suitable factor solution through applying previously used analytical methods as well as psychometric methods that are appropriate for this type of response scale, namely asymptotic distribution-free confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Rasch analysis. Method: The 11-item direct and meta-perspective versions of the CART-Q were examined utilising AMOS, LISREL and Rach analysis using a sample of 251 national football and futsal coaches and athletes. A model comparison strategy with AMOS provided a direct comparison with previous studies. LISREL and Rasch analysis was conducted to provide additional information about the CART-Q psychometric properties. Results: CFA with maximum likelihood and diagonally-weighted least squares estimation methods supported the factorial validity of the three-factor first-order model of both CART-Q versions, although a unidimensional solution was also tenable. Rasch analysis determined that the unidimensional model possessed higher reliability and provided improved coverage of participants’ scores, minimising ceiling effects. Conclusion: Research designs that require assessment of coach-athlete relationships may prefer the unidimensional model due to its superior psychometric properties. When more detailed profile scores are required, the subscale scores can still be interpreted with adequate validity and reliability KEY POINTS What is already known about the topic: The coach-athlete relationship is essential to enhancing performance and psychosocial well-being. The 3+1Cs model and Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q), represents the most popular approach to understanding coach-athlete relationships. Previous studies investigating the CAR factorial validity have identified the 3+1Cs model as a multidimensional structure with universal applicability across cultures. What this study adds: This is the first study to perform CTT and IRT, to minimise the likelihood of psychometric findings materialising as an artefact of using a particular analytic tool. Contrary to previous research, the results of this study suggest that a unidimensional structure obtained greater robustness in increased reliability, item coverage and reduced ceiling effects than the multidimensionality of the model. These results suggest that a unidimensional factor solution is a more appropriate representation of the model than previously reported and provides researchers with confidence in the psychometric properties of the questionnaires.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":"73 1","pages":"212 - 222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00049530.2021.1882275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46336228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can self-regulation explain why not everyone is overweight or obese?","authors":"Anni Plummer, I. Walker","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2021.1883999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2021.1883999","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objectives This study aimed to investigate whether self-regulation and dichotomous thinking might help to explain why some individuals maintain a normal body weight despite living in an obesogenic environment. Design Cross sectional correlational design. Methods Young Australians (142 female, 56 male; aged 20-35 years) completed a survey which included the Behavioural Weight Self-Regulation Questionnaire (BEWS-Q), the Dichotomous Thinking in Eating Disorders Scale (Byrne et al., 2008), and the SCOFF eating disorders screening tool (Morgan, 1999). Results Results regarding self-regulation were opposite to those hypothesised; BEWS-Q scores were positively correlated with maximum lifetime Body Mass Index (BMI), dichotomous thinking, and disordered eating. Marked gender differences emerged throughout, with significant relationships between variables for the females in the sample, but not for the males. Weight pattern across time (e.g., lifelong weight maintainer, or weight cycler) was significantly associated with more variables than was BMI category. Conclusions A uniform approach to weight management is unlikely to be effective, given the differences between males and females in this study. Also, excessive focus on weight behaviours and eating may be counterproductive to weight management. Weight across time may be more important than current BMI when considering weight management. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) Overweight and obesity are global problems, and most Australians are overweight or obese. Although most Australians live in obesogenic environments it is not known why some people maintain normal bodyweight. (2) Self-regulation is the ability to alter one’s behaviour by making purposeful self-corrective adjustments towards a goal or to maintain an achieved goal. This ability may help explain why some people maintain normal bodyweight. (3) Patterns of dichotomous thinking may disrupt weight self-regulation, impeding the ability to make self-corrective adjustments in working towards weight goals. What this topic adds: (1) There were marked gender differences throughout the results, with significant relationships across all variables for females, but not for males. (2) Counter to prediction, weight self-regulation was positively associated with maximum lifetime BMI, dichotomous thinking, and disordered eating. Compared to current BMI, changes in weight pattern across time were associated with more predictors. (3) A uniform approach to weight management is unlikely to be effective.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":"73 1","pages":"326 - 337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00049530.2021.1883999","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43186182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}