Experimental psychology最新文献

The Effect of Violent Virtual Avatar Experience on Players' Response Inhibition to Angry Expressions and Its Cognitive Neural Mechanisms. 暴力虚拟化身体验对玩家愤怒表达反应抑制的影响及其认知神经机制

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-23 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000662

Lijun Sun, Xuelian Li, Shiyi Li, Xue Zhang, Yajing Si, Hongxing Zhang

{"title":"The Effect of Violent Virtual Avatar Experience on Players' Response Inhibition to Angry Expressions and Its Cognitive Neural Mechanisms.","authors":"Lijun Sun, Xuelian Li, Shiyi Li, Xue Zhang, Yajing Si, Hongxing Zhang","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000662","url":null,"abstract":" Response inhibition may be a flexible resource that is usually in a dormant state but can be awakened in particular contexts, such as angry expressions. Few existing studies have explored the influence of violent video games on players' response inhibition to angry expressions from the perspective of virtual avatars. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of violent virtual avatar experience on players' response inhibition to angry expressions and its cognitive neural mechanisms. Eighty-four players (42 participants each with high and low violent virtual avatar experience) were selected to complete the emotional Go/No-go task, during which participants' EEG were recorded. Results indicated that facing angry expressions players with high violent virtual avatar experience showed a greater No-go P3 effect than those with low violent virtual avatar experience. These results suggest that facing angry expressions players with high violent virtual avatar experience show superiority in response inhibition, and this superiority exists in the later stage of response inhibition, which is closely related to the actual inhibition of the motor system.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Same Person, Different Personality? 同一个人，不同的性格？

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-14 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000661

Neil W Kirk, Ciera Haggar, Bethany Lane, Sonja Schaeffler, Felix Schaeffler, Christopher D Watkins

{"title":"Same Person, Different Personality?","authors":"Neil W Kirk, Ciera Haggar, Bethany Lane, Sonja Schaeffler, Felix Schaeffler, Christopher D Watkins","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000661","url":null,"abstract":" A great deal of information is extracted from spoken exchanges, independent of content. Indeed, the same information can be conveyed in different manners across time and space in light of the goals of the interlocutors, potentially leading individuals to emphasize, modulate, or mask certain vocal characteristics for social advantages. However, no research has examined our perceptions of the same person speaking two closely related dialects separated by a relatively small geographic distance. The current experiment examined perceptions of the same men asked to speak Scottish Standard English (majority national dialect) versus Dundonian (minority national dialect), focusing on an array of well-studied traits in research on social perceptions. We observed robust positive effects of Scottish Standard English on perceived attractiveness and competence, with almost identical large effect sizes. By shaping perception on some of our measured trait dimensions, dialect may impact perceptions of these men as potential dating partners, allies, and/or leaders. In sum, the same man can be treated differently based on the dialect they switch to, both inadvertently and of the speaker's own volition. These findings can motivate further research into geographic differences in social perception and communication/interaction at both narrow and broad geographic bandwidths.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147671641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nailing Down the Perceptual Explanation of the Date/Delay Effect in Temporal Discounting. 确定时间折扣中日期/延迟效应的知觉解释。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000657

Arndt Bröder, Selina Krauß

{"title":"Nailing Down the Perceptual Explanation of the Date/Delay Effect in Temporal Discounting.","authors":"Arndt Bröder, Selina Krauß","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000657","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000657","url":null,"abstract":" The term temporal discounting describes people's often-observed preference for smaller, but sooner (SS) rewards over larger, but later (LL) rewards. This discounting effect is reduced when the time period to wait for the LL is expressed as an end date (e.g., April 3) rather than a delay (e.g., 80 days). Several explanations of this Date/Delay Effect have been put forward, one of which is the differential time estimation hypothesis claiming that the duration expressed as an end date is perceived as shorter. The few empirical demonstrations in favor of this view used rating scales for subjective duration judgments that have some methodological shortcomings. To achieve a more comprehensive approach, an objective psychophysical discrimination task was used in the current study. In two online experiments (N = 140 and N = 80), participants made timed decisions comparing which of two periods (one expressed as a date, one expressed as a delay in days) was shorter (or longer). The psychometric functions not only showed a clear bias to view the dates as shorter than the delays, but it could be quantified by estimating the point of subjective equality (PSE) which conformed to a delay-to-date ratio of about 83% and 93% in Studies 1 and 2, respectively. Data and analysis scripts are available at https://osf.io/gmkaj/.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":"219-227"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13014372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Competition Matters! 竞争重要!

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000659

Markus Spilles

{"title":"Competition Matters!","authors":"Markus Spilles","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000659","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000659","url":null,"abstract":" The Good Behavior Game (GBG) is a widely used classroom management strategy shown to improve student behavior. However, its potential impact on peer relationships remains underexplored. Drawing on Social Identity Theory and the Social Skills Deficit Model, this (quasi-)experimental study investigates how different GBG formats (competitive vs. noncompetitive), team membership (same team vs. different team), and peer-perceived rule compliance influence students' sociometric ratings. A total of n = 609 third- and fourth-grade students from 34 elementary school classes participated. Classes were randomly assigned to either the competitive or the noncompetitive GBG format, with students within each class randomly assigned to one of two GBG teams. The GBG was implemented over 1 week. Sociometric ratings were collected before and after the intervention. Using cross-classified multilevel modeling, results revealed a significant interaction between time of measurement and GBG format. Sociometric ratings increased significantly in classes using the competitive format compared to classes using the noncompetitive format. Contrary to expectations, team membership had no effect on sociometric ratings. As hypothesized, students rated by peers as more compliant with GBG rules showed significantly greater increases in sociometric ratings. The findings highlight the role of a competitive GBG format and student rule compliance in enhancing peer relationships in elementary school classrooms.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":"72 5","pages":"235-244"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13014374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147431915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Network of Actions - Evaluating False Recall and Recognition of Objects After Studying Affordances. 行动的网络-评估错误的回忆和识别后研究的启示。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000656

Alexa E Tringali, Amelia G Morehead, Mark J Huff

{"title":"A Network of Actions - Evaluating False Recall and Recognition of Objects After Studying Affordances.","authors":"Alexa E Tringali, Amelia G Morehead, Mark J Huff","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000656","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000656","url":null,"abstract":" Presenting participants with lists of related words (e.g., climb, rock, slope, hike) often elicits false recall and recognition for a related but nonstudied critical lure (CL; mountain). This false memory illusion is often ascribed to the strong associative and/or thematic relations between the related list words and the CL. In the present study, we further evaluated this false memory effect by presenting participants with a list of affordances (e.g., arrange, pick, smell) that were related to a specific object CL (e.g., flower) via a normed database. Affordances refer to specific actions that can be completed with a given object, and the presentation of these actions may result in a false memory for a CL. Each study list was followed by either a free-recall test or a filler arithmetic task and a final recognition test. False memory for the CL was found both in the initial recall test and the final recognition test and was greater following an initial recall test. These data indicate that affordances can produce false memories for related objects which is particularly notable given affordances are verbs and CLs are nouns.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":"228-234"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147270218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reexamining Transposed-Word Effects in the Grammatical Decision Task. 重新审视语法决策任务中的转位词效应。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000658

Yun Wen, Jonathan Grainger

{"title":"Reexamining Transposed-Word Effects in the Grammatical Decision Task.","authors":"Yun Wen, Jonathan Grainger","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000658","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000658","url":null,"abstract":" Transposed-word (TW) effects have been repeatedly observed when comparing responses to two types of ungrammatical sequence of words in a grammatical decision task: 1) transposed-word sequences formed by changing the order of two words in a grammatically correct sentence (e.g., The white was cat big); and 2) ungrammatical control sequences that cannot be transformed into a correct sentence by transposing any two words (e.g., The white was cat slowly). When the task is speeded grammatical decision, and when all words are presented simultaneously in a format that is typical of regular reading, TW effects are observed in both response times (RTs) and error rates. Specifically, responses to the TW sequences are slower and less accurate than to the matched control sequences. However, when written words are presented sequentially, one after the other, then TW effects typically only emerge in error rates. Finally, when the word sequences are presented auditorily, TW effects are significant in both RTs and accuracy. Building on the meta-analysis of TW effects described in Wen and Grainger (2025a), here we present a more detailed analysis of this general pattern and provide a tentative explanation for the observed differences across presentation procedure and modality.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":"209-218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13014373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associations Between Physical Stimulus Size and Vertical Response Locations. 物理刺激大小与垂直反应位置的关系。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000655

Peter Wühr, Oliver Lindemann

{"title":"Associations Between Physical Stimulus Size and Vertical Response Locations.","authors":"Peter Wühr, Oliver Lindemann","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000655","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000655","url":null,"abstract":" This study investigates the existence and direction of associations between physical stimulus size and vertical response locations. In Experiment 1, 80 participants responded to stimulus size by pressing one of two vertically arranged keys. We orthogonally manipulated within-subjects the mappings between stimulus size and response-key locations, and between hands and response keys. The results showed a novel compatibility effect between physical stimulus size and vertical response location: Responses to the small stimulus were faster at the lower than at the higher location, whereas responses to the large stimulus were faster at the higher than at the lower location. In Experiment 2, we replicated this compatibility effect in vocal responses, when 66 participants responded to stimulus size by saying location words. In combination with previous findings, the present results suggest that the physical size of visual objects is not only associated with horizontal locations but also with vertical locations. These associations presumably reflect learned correlations between the size of objects and their extension in both the horizontal and the vertical direction. Moreover, the observation of size-space compatibility effects in vocal responses may indicate that they do not only reflect sensorimotor experiences but also semantic knowledge, which is expressed in linguistic metaphors.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":"72 4","pages":"175-188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12951839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146149424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Don't Listen to Yourself! 不要听自己的！

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000654

Stefanie Christina Richthofer, Franca Grafe, Jan Philipp Röer

{"title":"Don't Listen to Yourself!","authors":"Stefanie Christina Richthofer, Franca Grafe, Jan Philipp Röer","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000654","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000654","url":null,"abstract":" Our own voice is a very special stimulus, belonging to those we encounter most often. It is an important part of our representation in the world and a key communication tool. Other self-relevant stimuli such as our own name are known for their particularly high attention-grabbing potential, albeit it is unclear whether this is in fact due to their self-relevance or the strong call for action. In this pre-registered conceptual replication study, we compared the disruptive effect of one's own voice to that of another person's voice to investigate whether a self-relevant stimulus without a strong call for action still has the capacity to capture our attention. We used a classic serial recall paradigm with three auditory conditions: (1) A quiet control condition; (2) an own voice condition, in which participants listened to an artificially generated clone of their own voice; and (3) an other voice condition, where participants listened to the voice of their yoked-control partner. We found no difference in recall performance between the own and other voice conditions, suggesting that not all self-relevant stimuli automatically capture our attention, but only those that our cognitive system considers behaviorally relevant at the moment.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":"199-207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145997766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Octave Equivalence: Difficult to Perceive, But Improvements Are Possible With Training. 八度等效：难以感知，但通过训练可以改进。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000652

James R Schmidt, Williams Henry

{"title":"Octave Equivalence: Difficult to Perceive, But Improvements Are Possible With Training.","authors":"James R Schmidt, Williams Henry","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000652","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000652","url":null,"abstract":" Musical notes separated by exactly one or more octaves share similarities and, in some respects, might be treated as interchangeable. This octave equivalence is sometimes evident, but in many contexts, is very hard to hear. In two large experiments, participants were asked to judge the similarity of tone pairs, presented sequentially, before and after octave equivalence training. Contrary to some prior research on the topic, it was clearly explained what sort of \"similarity\" they should rate tone pairs on (i.e., octave equivalence). Each pair consisted of either two tones of the same pitch class but separated by one or more octaves, or two tones of adjacent pitch classes also separated by one or more octaves (±1 semitone). Coherent with past work, this task was difficult. However, both musician and nonmusician samples scored above chance in this task at pretest. Also interestingly, performance improved after training. During the training task, participants also heard pairs of tones but were given the correct response to facilitate learning. Pretest performance and improvements for both groups were not substantial, however, again illustrating the difficulty of hearing octave equivalence, depending on the exact context. Potential relationships to relative and absolute pitch are also briefly discussed.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":"159-174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145539742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does a Child's Opinion Counterweight That of an Adult Expert? 孩子的意见能抵消成人专家的意见吗？

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000651

Aglaé Navarre, André Didierjean, Cyril Thomas

引用次数: 0