Experimental psychology最新文献_第2页

Reducing the Influence of Time Pressure on Risky Choice. 减少时间压力对风险选择的影响。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000626

Yixuan Jiang, Pin Huang, Xiuying Qian

引用次数: 0

Probing the Causal Contribution of Reasoning to Third-Party Moral Judgment of Harm Transgressions. 论推理对损害违法行为的第三方道德判断的因果作用。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000629

Flora Schwartz, Florian Balat, Bastien Trémolière

{"title":"Probing the Causal Contribution of Reasoning to Third-Party Moral Judgment of Harm Transgressions.","authors":"Flora Schwartz, Florian Balat, Bastien Trémolière","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000629","url":null,"abstract":" Recent work has supported the role of reasoning in third-party moral judgment of harm transgressions. In particular, reasoning may increase the weight of intention in moral judgment, especially following accidental harm, a situation that presumably requires judges to balance considerations about the outcome endured by a victim on the one hand and considerations about an agent's intention to cause harm on the other hand. Three preregistered lab-based studies aimed to test the causal contribution of reasoning to moral judgment of harm transgressions using experimental manipulations borrowed from the reasoning literature: time pressure (Experiment 1), cognitive load (Experiment 2), and priming (Experiment 3). Participants (N = 284) were presented with short fictitious scenarios in which the agent's intention toward a potential victim (harmful or neutral intent) and the action's outcome (victim's injury or no harm) were manipulated. Participants then reported their moral judgment of the agent's behavior (wrongness and deserved punishment) and their empathy toward the victim. We found that time pressure reduced judgment severity toward agents who had the intention to harm, but the reasoning manipulations overall did not impact judgment severity toward agents who harmed accidentally. We discuss why reasoning may sometimes influence how individuals account for intention in third-party moral judgment of harm transgressions.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":"71 4","pages":"225-237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Framing the Default. 设定默认值。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000617

Subramanya P Chandrashekar, Adrien A Fillon

{"title":"Framing the Default.","authors":"Subramanya P Chandrashekar, Adrien A Fillon","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000617","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000617","url":null,"abstract":" A key finding within nudging research is the default effect, where individuals are inclined to stay with a default option when faced with a decision, rather than exploring alternatives (e.g., a preselected job opportunity among two alternatives). Similarly, the study of framing effects delves into how the presentation and context of decisions influence choices (e.g., choosing vs. rejecting a job opportunity among two alternatives). Specifically, previous literature examining choosing versus rejecting decision frames in various situations has found that these frames do not invariably complement each other; therefore, individuals' preferences vary based on the task frame. Yet, simultaneous testing of multiple nudges remains relatively unexplored in the literature. In the current study involving 1,072 participants, we examined how framing and default effects can influence decision-making in hypothetical scenarios. The decision scenarios involved two different domains-work and health. We found that framing had a strong effect on decision-making in both work and health domains, whereas default setting contributed only to a limited extent in the work domain and no effect was found in the health domain, mirroring related recent research findings. We argue for a more careful design of nudge interventions when multiple overlapping nudges are used and for a contextual approach to applying behavioral science to citizens.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":"164-175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Behavioral Experiments Online? 在线行为实验？

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000624

Christian Böffel, Ruben Alajos Meinardus

{"title":"Behavioral Experiments Online?","authors":"Christian Böffel, Ruben Alajos Meinardus","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000624","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000624","url":null,"abstract":" Online experiments offer several advantages over traditional laboratory experiments. However, for reaction time experiments, precise stimulus presentation and response detection is crucial. The precision of online experiments could be compromised due to increased variance arising from varying hardware configurations among participants, lack of control over experimental conditions, and the absence of an examiner. In this study, we conducted an online experiment using the avatar-Simon task to investigate whether small differences in reaction times could be examined using online experiments conducted with the experimental toolkit PsyToolkit. In the avatar-Simon task, participants respond to the color of vertically presented stimuli in front of avatars by pressing a left or right button. Reactions are faster when the position of the stimulus, defined from the avatar's point of view, matches the position of the response. Compared to the previous laboratory experiment, we observed lower effect sizes and more timeouts but were able to replicate the avatar-Simon effect overall. Based on further distributional and reliability analyses, PsyToolkit appears to be suitable tool to detect behavioral effects in the range of tens of milliseconds. We discuss differences and similarities with the original laboratory study and suggest how to address potential problems associated with online experiments.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":"176-186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Justifying Responses Affects the Relationship Between Confidence and Accuracy. 为回答辩解会影响信心与准确性之间的关系。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000612

Daniel B Wright, Sarah M Wolff

引用次数: 0

The Effects of Posture on Mind Wandering. 姿势对思维游走的影响

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000616

Binbin Qian, Yuxuan Liu, Xinrui Yang, Zhijun Zhang

引用次数: 0

Correction to Bozkurt et al., 2023. 对 Bozkurt 等人的更正，2023 年。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000610

引用次数: 0

The Role of Stimulus Uncertainty and Curiosity in Attention Control. 刺激的不确定性和好奇心在注意力控制中的作用

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000608

Seema Prasad, Bernhard Hommel

{"title":"The Role of Stimulus Uncertainty and Curiosity in Attention Control.","authors":"Seema Prasad, Bernhard Hommel","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000608","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000608","url":null,"abstract":" Most cognitive psychological studies assume that participants in lab-based tasks maintain a single goal based on task instructions. However, people can be motivated by other factors, such as curiosity. We examined if people attend to seemingly task-irrelevant information out of curiosity by manipulating stimulus uncertainty in a cueing paradigm. Participants were presented with an abrupt-onset cue followed by a letter target (E or H). Next, a mask either at the target location (low uncertainty) or at all four locations (high uncertainty) was shown. We expected high uncertainty to induce a state of curiosity that in turn influences the processing of the cue. Cueing effects were greater in the high-uncertainty condition compared to the low-uncertainty condition. In Experiment 2, we additionally elicited self-report ratings on curiosity. In sum, target-specific uncertainty leads to greater processing of task-irrelevant peripheral cues across two experiments. We tentatively conclude that uncertainty modulates attention control and further research is necessary to examine if this is indeed due to curiosity induced by uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":"135-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11601269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140847304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

It's All About That Case. 都是为了那个箱子

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000615

Kathleen L Hourihan, Jonathan M Fawcett

{"title":"It's All About That Case.","authors":"Kathleen L Hourihan, Jonathan M Fawcett","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000615","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000615","url":null,"abstract":" Prior evidence has indicated that the act of producing a word aloud is more effortful than reading a word silently, and this effort is related to the subsequent memory advantage for produced words. In the current study, we further examined the contributions of reading effort to the overall production effect by making silent reading more effortful. To do this, participants studied words that were presented in standard lowercase font format and words that were presented in an aLtErNaTiNg CaSe font format (which should be more effortful to read). Half of the words in each font condition were read aloud, and half were read silently. Participants completed an old/new recognition test. Experiment 1 was conducted online; Experiment 2 was conducted in-lab and recorded reading times at study to confirm that alternating case font slows reading. In both experiments, we found a production effect in recognition that was uninfluenced by font type. We also found that alternating case font selectively increased recollection (but not familiarity) relative to lowercase font. Thus, the additional time to read words in a disfluent font does not appear to interact with memory benefit of producing words aloud.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":"83-96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11538925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bilingualism Influences How Articulation Enhances Verbal Encoding. 双语影响发音如何增强言语编码

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000621

Rachel M Brown, Tanja C Roembke

{"title":"Bilingualism Influences How Articulation Enhances Verbal Encoding.","authors":"Rachel M Brown, Tanja C Roembke","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000621","url":null,"abstract":" Learning information may benefit from movement: Items that are spoken aloud are more accurately remembered than items that are silently read (the production effect). Candidate mechanisms for this phenomenon suggest that speaking may enrich or improve the feature content of memory traces, yet research suggests that prior language skill also plays a role. Recent work showed a larger production effect in bilinguals for words in their second language (L2) compared to their first language (L1), potentially suggesting that bilinguals engage different or additional linguistic features when speaking L2 compared to L1 words. The current study examined whether the increased L2 production effect reduces for L2 and L1 pseudowords, which may similarly engage mainly phonological features. German (L1)-English (L2) bilinguals first read (out loud or silently) and subsequently recognized German or English words or pseudowords following German or English phonology. The production effect increased for L2 compared to L1 items and for words compared to pseudowords. Modest evidence suggested L2-L1 similarity in production effect scores for pseudowords, but different L2-L1 scores for words. Integrating feature models of memory with models of bilingual language production, we propose that speaking an L2 may engage more extensive and diverse linguistic features than an L1.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":"71 2","pages":"122-133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0