Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology最新文献

Are visual artists better visual perspective takers? An exploratory study with an unexpected outcome. 快讯视觉艺术家是更好的视觉透视者吗？一项探索性研究，结果出人意料。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241263755

Steven Samuel

{"title":"Are visual artists better visual perspective takers? An exploratory study with an unexpected outcome.","authors":"Steven Samuel","doi":"10.1177/17470218241263755","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241263755","url":null,"abstract":"Visual perspective taking (VPT) has been argued to elicit image-like representations of other people's visual experiences. Separately, it has been demonstrated that there are inter-individual differences in the ability to successfully take other people's visual perspectives. In the present study, adults were asked to judge how long two lines appeared visually from the point of view of an agent. The lines were of identical length, but the agent was always closer to one of the lines than the other, meaning that the closer line should be judged as appearing visually longer. It was hypothesised that adults with experience in the visual arts would perform better at this task for one or both of two reasons: (1) they should be more familiar with the knowledge that the closer an object is the larger it appears visually (i.e., the retinal image is larger), and (2) they might be able to \"draw\" an image-like representation that more accurately reflects the effect of distance on perceived size. Consistent with previous experiments with this paradigm, adults generally failed to judge the closest line as appearing longer; indeed, as many judged this line would appear visually shorter. Crucially, increasing experience in the visual arts failed to improve the accuracy of VPT judgements; even a group of professional illustrators failed to recognise that the line closest to the agent would appear longer than the line furthest from the agent. These results are discussed in the context of the processes and representation types potentially involved in VPT.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1195-1204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141301449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring "phasic" vs. "tonic" accounts of the effect of switch probability on the auditory attention switch cost. 快讯：探索 "阶段性 "与 "强直性 "对听觉注意力转换成本的影响。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241256361

Amy Strivens, Iring Koch, Aureliu Lavric

{"title":"Exploring \"phasic\" vs. \"tonic\" accounts of the effect of switch probability on the auditory attention switch cost.","authors":"Amy Strivens, Iring Koch, Aureliu Lavric","doi":"10.1177/17470218241256361","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241256361","url":null,"abstract":"Task-switching experiments have shown that the \"switch cost\" (poorer performance for task switches than for repetitions) is smaller when the probability of a switch is high (e.g., 0.75) than when it is low (e.g., 0.25). Some theoretical accounts explain this effect in terms of top-down control deployed in advance of the task cue (\"pre-cue reconfiguration\"). We tested such accounts by manipulating the time available before the onset of the cue (the response-cue interval, RCI), reasoning that top-down pre-cue reconfiguration requires time and therefore its effect should increase with RCI. Participants heard a man and a woman simultaneously speaking number words and categorised the number (< 5 vs. > 5) spoken by the voice specified by a pictorial gender-related cue presented at an RCI of 100 ms or 2,200 ms. The target voice switched with a probability of 0.25 or 0.75 (in separate sessions). In Experiment 1, RTs revealed a large effect of switch probability on the switch cost in the short RCI, which did not increase in the long RCI. Errors hinted at such an increase, but it did not receive clear statistical support and was disconfirmed by a direct and better powered replication in Experiment 2, which fully confirmed the RT pattern from Experiment 1. Thus, the effect of switch probability on the switch cost required little/no time following the response to emerge-it was already at full magnitude at a short RCI-challenging accounts that assume \"phasic\" deployment of top-down task-set control in advance of the cue.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1061-1076"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140899484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of spatial distance on numerical distance processing. 表达：空间距离对数值距离处理的影响。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241263325

Ido Shichel, Liat Goldfarb

{"title":"The effect of spatial distance on numerical distance processing.","authors":"Ido Shichel, Liat Goldfarb","doi":"10.1177/17470218241263325","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241263325","url":null,"abstract":"The close relationship between numerical and spatial representation has been widely studied. However, little is known regarding the influence of spatial distance on the processing of numerical distance. The purpose of this study was to examine this relationship by employing a modified numerical Stroop task, in which the spatial distance was either congruent or incongruent with the numerical distance. That is, numerical and spatial distances were either compatible with each other or incompatible. Experiment 1 demonstrated that when participants were directly requested to assess the numerical distance, spatial distance influenced task performance, thereby revealing a novel effect-the spatial-numerical distance congruency effect. Experiment 2 demonstrated that these relations are asymmetrical and revealed that numerical distance did not influence spatial distance when the numerical distance was task-irrelevant. Experiment 3 revealed that the spatial-numerical distance congruency effect can also be obtained automatically by employing a numerical comparison task, which is considered a marker for indirect distance processing. In addition, also tested across the three experiments was whether spatial alignment on the screen (i.e., left, centre, and right) can influence the spatial-numerical distance congruency effect. Results revealed that when numbers were presented more naturally (on the left and centre of the screen), a larger effect was obtained compared with when stimuli were presented on the right side. Together, these findings shed new light regarding the relationship between numerical distance and spatial distance and whether and how these aspects influence each other.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1163-1176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The "good is up" metaphoric effects on recognition: True for source guessing but false for item memory. 快讯："好戏上场 "隐喻对识别的影响：来源猜测为真，项目记忆为假。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-24 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241269272

Zixi Jin, Ulrich von Hecker, Nikoletta Symeonidou, Yi Liu, Karl Christoph Klauer

{"title":"The \"good is up\" metaphoric effects on recognition: True for source guessing but false for item memory.","authors":"Zixi Jin, Ulrich von Hecker, Nikoletta Symeonidou, Yi Liu, Karl Christoph Klauer","doi":"10.1177/17470218241269272","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241269272","url":null,"abstract":"The \"good is up\" metaphor, which links valence and verticality was found to influence affective judgement and to direct attention, but its effects on memory remain unclear with contradictory research findings. To provide a more accurate assessment of memory components involved in recognition, such as item memory and source-guessing biases, a standard source monitoring paradigm was applied in this research. A series of three experiments provided a conceptual replication and extension of Experiment 2 by Crawford et al., (2014) and yielded a consistent result pattern suggesting that the \"good is up\" metaphor biases participants' guessing of source location. That is, when source memory failed, participants were more inclined to guess the \"up\" location versus \"down\" location for positive items (and vice versa for negative items). It did, however, not affect source memory or item memory for valenced stimuli learned from metaphor-congruent versus incongruent locations (i.e., no metaphor-(in)congruent effects in memory). We suggest that the \"good is up\" metaphor may affect cognitive processes in a more subtle way than originally suggested.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1205-1220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of anxiety and its interplay with social cues when perceiving aggressive behaviours. 表达：感知攻击性行为时焦虑及其与社会线索相互作用的影响。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241258209

Fábio Silva, Marta I Garrido, Sandra C Soares

{"title":"The effect of anxiety and its interplay with social cues when perceiving aggressive behaviours.","authors":"Fábio Silva, Marta I Garrido, Sandra C Soares","doi":"10.1177/17470218241258209","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241258209","url":null,"abstract":"Contextual cues and emotional states carry expectations and biases that are used to attribute meaning to what we see. In addition, emotional states, such as anxiety, shape our visual systems, increasing overall, and particularly threat-related, sensitivity. It remains unclear, however, how anxiety interacts with additional cues when categorising sensory input. This is especially important in social scenarios where ambiguous gestures are commonplace, thus requiring the integration of cues for a proper interpretation. To this end, we decided to assess how states of anxiety might bias the perception of potentially aggressive social interactions, and how external cues are incorporated in this process. Participants (N = 71) were tasked with signalling the presence of aggression in ambiguous social interactions. Simultaneously, an observer (facial expression) reacted (by showing an emotional expression) to this interaction. Importantly, participants performed this task under safety and threat of shock conditions. Decision measures and eye-tracking data were collected. Our results showed that threat of shock did not affect sensitivity nor criterion when detecting aggressive interactions. The same pattern was observed for response times. Drift diffusion modelling analysis, however, suggested quicker evidence accumulation when under threat. Finally, dwell times over the observer were higher when under threat, indicating a possible association between anxiety states and a bias towards potentially threat-related indicators. Future probing into this topic remains a necessity to better explain the current findings.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1124-1138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141088163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Altercentrism in perspective-taking: The role of humanisation in embodying the agent's point of view. 表达：透视中的改变中心主义：人性化在体现代理人观点中的作用。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241300252

Massimiliano Conson, Isa Zappullo, Gennaro Cordasco, Luigi Trojano, Gennaro Raimo, Roberta Cecere, Chiara Baiano, Anna Lauro, Anna Esposito

{"title":"Altercentrism in perspective-taking: The role of humanisation in embodying the agent's point of view.","authors":"Massimiliano Conson, Isa Zappullo, Gennaro Cordasco, Luigi Trojano, Gennaro Raimo, Roberta Cecere, Chiara Baiano, Anna Lauro, Anna Esposito","doi":"10.1177/17470218241300252","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241300252","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the role of humanisation in Visual Perspective-Taking (VPT) by testing whether and how agent's human-likeness and attractiveness (\"hedonic quality\") interact with social cues (action and eye gaze) in influencing the participants' disposition to embody another's perspective. In a VPT task, participants viewed scenes displaying an actor (human or robotic) grasping, gazing (or both) a target object, or adopting a still posture, and were required to judge the left/right location of the target, without receiving any instruction on the perspective to be assumed. Across two studies, we selected human and robotic agents to use as actors in the VPT task. Results consistently demonstrated that participants could be effectively clustered by a data-driven method into two perspective-taking styles, depending on the presence of a systematic tendency to locate the target object in the VPT scenarios from own (egocentric) or the actor's (altercentric) point of view. The human versus nonhuman nature of the agent seemed able to affect the participants' egocentric or altercentric tendency whereas both the agent's hedonic quality and social cues were not able to influence this propensity. Identifying the factors influencing altercentrism during human-robot interactions can be essential for developing artificial agents favouring user's acceptance and willingness to interact. In this respect, considering differences among individuals in their propensity to take another's point of view may be of central importance. Clustering approaches can represent a useful means to capture interindividual differences in this central aspect of human social cognition.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1041-1060"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial organisation in the human mind as a function of the distance between stimuli. EXPRESS:Spatial Organisation in the Human Mind as a Function of the Distance Between Stimuli.

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241255690

Hannah Fenwick, Guillermo Campitelli, Alessandro Guida

{"title":"Spatial organisation in the human mind as a function of the distance between stimuli.","authors":"Hannah Fenwick, Guillermo Campitelli, Alessandro Guida","doi":"10.1177/17470218241255690","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241255690","url":null,"abstract":"Studies investigating serial order in working memory have shown that participants from Western cultures are faster at responding to items presented at the beginning of a sequence using their left hand and faster at responding to items at the end with their right hand. This is known as the spatial positional association of response codes (SPoARC) effect. The SPoARC effect provides evidence that recently presented information is spatially organised in the cognitive system along a horizontal axis. This study investigated the flexibility of spatialisation by testing the effect that distance between items presented on a screen has on the magnitude of the SPoARC effect. It was hypothesised that by increasing the distance between items on a screen a larger SPoARC effect would be found. We used three conditions: central, narrow, and wide. In central, four random letters were presented sequentially at the centre of the screen, in narrow the letters were presented from left to right on the screen, wide was the same as narrow but the separation between the letters was larger. Participants consisted of 64 adults aged 18-55 years. Participants were presented with four random letters, followed by single probe letter; participants had to indicate, by pressing a key on a normal keyboard, if the probe had been in the sequence. We analysed the data with multilevel modelling. We found evidence for the SPoARC effect in all three conditions. But no evidence that the effect varied between conditions.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1107-1123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140899498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Auditory distraction during reading: Investigating the effects of background sounds on parafoveal processing. 表达：阅读过程中的听觉分心：调查背景声音对视网膜旁处理的影响。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241269327

Laura Rettie, John E Marsh, Simon P Liversedge, Mengsi Wang, Federica Degno

{"title":"Auditory distraction during reading: Investigating the effects of background sounds on parafoveal processing.","authors":"Laura Rettie, John E Marsh, Simon P Liversedge, Mengsi Wang, Federica Degno","doi":"10.1177/17470218241269327","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241269327","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research suggests that unexpected (deviant) sounds negatively affect reading performance by inhibiting saccadic planning, which models of reading agree takes place simultaneous to parafoveal processing. This study examined the effect of deviant sounds on foveal and parafoveal processing. Participants read single sentences in quiet, standard (repeated sounds), or deviant sound conditions (a new sound within a repeated sound sequence). Sounds were presented with a variable delay coincident with the onset of fixations on target words during a period when saccadic programming and parafoveal processing occurred. We used the moving window paradigm to manipulate the amount of information readers could extract from the parafovea (the entire sentence or a 13-character window of text). Global, sentence-level analyses showed typical disruption to reading by the window, and under quiet conditions similar effects were observed at the target and post-target word in the local analyses. Standard and deviant sounds also produced clear distraction effects of differing magnitudes at the target and post-target words, though at both regions, these effects were qualified by interactions. Effects at the target word suggested that with sounds, readers engaged in less effective parafoveal processing than under quiet. Similar patterns of effects due to standard and deviant sounds, each with a different time course, occurred at the post-target word. We conclude that distraction via auditory deviation causes disruption to parafoveal processing during reading, with such effects being modulated by the degree to which a sound's characteristics are more or less unique.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1017-1040"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perception of second language phonetic contrasts by monolinguals and bidialectals: A comparison of competencies. 表达：单语使用者和双方言使用者对第二语言语音对比的感知：能力比较。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241264566

Georgios P Georgiou, Aretousa Giannakou, Katarzyna Alexander

引用次数: 0

Visual perceptual learning is enhanced by training in the illusory far space. 通过在虚幻的远处空间进行训练，可以提高视觉感知学习能力。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241256870

Antonio Zafarana, Carmen Lenatti, Laura Hunt, Munashe Makwiramiti, Alessandro Farnè, Luigi Tamè

{"title":"Visual perceptual learning is enhanced by training in the illusory far space.","authors":"Antonio Zafarana, Carmen Lenatti, Laura Hunt, Munashe Makwiramiti, Alessandro Farnè, Luigi Tamè","doi":"10.1177/17470218241256870","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241256870","url":null,"abstract":"Visual objects in the peripersonal space (PPS) are perceived faster than farther ones appearing in the extrapersonal space (EPS). This shows preferential processing for visual stimuli near our body. Such an advantage should favour visual perceptual learning occurring near, as compared with far from observers, but opposite evidence has been recently provided from online testing protocols, showing larger perceptual learning in the far space. Here, we ran two laboratory-based experiments investigating whether visual training in PPS and EPS has different effects. We used the horizontal Ponzo Illusion to create a lateralized depth perspective while participants completed a visual search task in which they reported whether or not a specific target object orientation (e.g., a triangle pointing upwards) was present among distractors. This task was completed before and after a training phase in either the (illusory) near or far space for 1 h. In Experiment 1, the near space was in the left hemispace, whereas in Experiment 2, it was in the right. Results showed that, in both experiments, participants were more accurate after training in the far space, whereas training in the near space led to either improvement in the far space (Experiment 1), or no change (Experiment 2). Moreover, we found a larger visual perceptual learning when stimuli were presented in the left compared with the right hemispace. Differently from visual processing, visual perceptual learning is more effective in the far space. We propose that depth is a key dimension that can be used to improve human visual learning.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1077-1087"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141088172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0