Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology最新文献

EXPRESS: Dissociating attentional and working memory load in memory for emotional faces. EXPRESS：情绪性面孔记忆中分离的注意和工作记忆负荷。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-10-08 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261498021

Livia Valenti, Margaret Jackson, Cesar Galera, Ricardo Basso Garcia

{"title":"EXPRESS: Dissociating attentional and working memory load in memory for emotional faces.","authors":"Livia Valenti, Margaret Jackson, Cesar Galera, Ricardo Basso Garcia","doi":"10.1177/17470218261498021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218261498021","url":null,"abstract":"There is evidence that both general attention load and face-specific working memory load modulate the processing of emotional faces, but the contribution of each remains uncertain. Here, we investigated how these resources modulate the recognition of emotional faces in working memory. In Experiment 1, participants performed a face working memory (WM) task with either one face (low WM load) or three faces (high WM load) at encoding, showing happy, angry, and sad emotions. Participants stated whether a single (neutral) probe face matched identity to one of the faces just encoded. Concurrently, participants engaged in an auditory monitoring task (low vs. high attention load). The results revealed two contrasting effects: (1) increased WM load had a larger detrimental impact on WM for negative compared to happy faces; (2) increased general attentional demands from the auditory task impaired WM for angry and happy faces more than sad faces. In Experiment 2, an additional perceptual face matching task under high and low perceptual and attentional load indicated that the WM findings were not plausibly due to featural similarities between faces, and that the accuracy costs of attentional load found in Experiment 1 were specific to conditions requiring active WM maintenance. These results demonstrate that WM for emotional faces requires both general attention and face-WM resources inter-dependently, and that this differs depending on the emotional expression shown.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218261498021"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: What an Indirect Measurement Approach Reveals About the Susceptibility of Directly Assessed Metamemory Beliefs to Demand Characteristics and Ad Hoc Belief Construction. EXPRESS：间接测量方法揭示直接评估的元记忆信念对需求特征和特设信念构建的敏感性。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-10-08 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261498018

Franziska Ingendahl, Monika Undorf

{"title":"EXPRESS: What an Indirect Measurement Approach Reveals About the Susceptibility of Directly Assessed Metamemory Beliefs to Demand Characteristics and Ad Hoc Belief Construction.","authors":"Franziska Ingendahl, Monika Undorf","doi":"10.1177/17470218261498018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218261498018","url":null,"abstract":"It is widely accepted that predictions of one's future memory (judgments of learning, JOLs) rely on metamemory beliefs. However, many open questions remain regarding the nature and assessment of metamemory beliefs, including the extent to which strategic influences such as demand characteristics or ad hoc belief construction afflict established measures. The present study addresses this question using an indirect measurement approach. In three experiments, we assessed metamemory beliefs about font size (Experiments 1 and 2) and relatedness (Experiment 3) with two indirect measures (Experiments 1 and 3: Implicit Association Test, Experiment 2: Propositional Evaluation Paradigm) and an established direct measure (global differentiated performance predictions). Results revealed that directly assessed metamemory beliefs captured the beliefs people hold and appeared to be largely unaffected by demand characteristics. At the same time, findings suggested that directly assessed beliefs were susceptible to ad hoc belief construction. In three experiments, directly and indirectly assessed metamemory beliefs were unrelated, and only directly assessed beliefs predicted the effects of font size and relatedness on JOLs. These findings suggest that established belief measures are suitable for assessing metamemory beliefs and their contribution to cue effects on JOLs but may not always provide an uncontaminated measure of pre-existing beliefs.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218261498018"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What Drives Object Selection? The Combined Role of Temporal Costs and Effort During Interactive Search. EXPRESS：是什么驱动对象选择？交互搜索中时间成本和努力的综合作用。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-13 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261436006

Haden Dewis, Cheryl D Metcalf, Martin B Warner, Richard Polfreman, Hayward J Godwin

{"title":"What Drives Object Selection? The Combined Role of Temporal Costs and Effort During Interactive Search.","authors":"Haden Dewis, Cheryl D Metcalf, Martin B Warner, Richard Polfreman, Hayward J Godwin","doi":"10.1177/17470218261436006","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218261436006","url":null,"abstract":"In a prior set of experiments, we examined drivers of attentional selection within interactive search, specifically focusing on the role of effort. We concluded that searchers adopted an easy-first strategy, prioritizing selections with easy to process objects. However, we unintentionally overlooked the potential confound of time within these tasks and consequently, our analyses and conclusions. We have addressed this in the current manuscript by carefully controlling for and further exploring the role of time within interactive search. We utilized a novel methodology, which involved effortful interactive search for a target T shape attached to the underside of a set of virtual coins across two independent experiments. In Experiment 1, we manipulated effort while controlling for the confound of time. In Experiment 2, to obtain a richer understanding of the role of time within effortful interactive search, we manipulated both time and effort simultaneously. We observed a surprising set of results: first, effort appears to be the predominant driving factor of attentional selection across our tasks, and second, time is indeed an aversive attribute to attentional selection, especially so when paired with high effort, that is, high effort tasks that also take substantial time to complete.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2637-2656"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13601701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147444762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seeing Things From Different Angles - Non-Canonical Orientation Effects on Visual Word Recognition Reflect Quantitative and Not Qualitative Consequences. EXPRESS：多角度看问题——非规范取向对视觉词识别的影响反映的是数量而非质量的后果。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-10 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261434511

Amy Allen, Jeremy J Tree, David Playfoot

{"title":"Seeing Things From Different Angles - Non-Canonical Orientation Effects on Visual Word Recognition Reflect Quantitative and Not Qualitative Consequences.","authors":"Amy Allen, Jeremy J Tree, David Playfoot","doi":"10.1177/17470218261434511","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218261434511","url":null,"abstract":"For skilled readers, word recognition is an apparently effortless cognitive process that can be swiftly performed across various presentation formats. A seminal study by Driver and Baylis investigated how two 'real-world' non-canonical orientations might disrupt visual word recognition of English words: namely, 90-degree rotation (e.g. the title on the spine of a book) and a vertical letter arrangement from top to bottom (e.g. the title on a building's marquee banner). Driver and Baylis found that rotation had a less detrimental impact on speed and accuracy than the marquee presentation, which they interpreted as evidence for the importance of preserving a word's 'principal axis'. The current study seeks to replicate the findings of the original experiment and include a canonical (typical) presentation, which was absent in the original work. This 'baseline' inclusion allows for a clearer assessment of the effects of non-canonical orientations on typical lexical processing in visual word recognition. Additionally, we systematically examined the potential attenuation of these orientation manipulations on two key variables relating to word items (frequency) and nonword items (pseudohomophony) respectively. Our findings broadly replicate those of Driver and Baylis, indicating a graded impact of non-canonical presentation (canonical > rotated > marquee). Lexical effects remained remarkably robust across all presentation formats, suggesting that access persists even when letter strings are presented in such unfamiliar orientations. We interpret this robustness as indicating that the effects of non-canonical presentation on lexical processing are quantitative rather than qualitative in nature.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2607-2620"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13601697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147435215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Saccade Target Selection in Chinese Reading: The Roles of Contextual Constraint and Preview Validity. 汉语阅读中的扫视目标选择：语境约束和预览效度的作用。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-04 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261434575

Weiqiong Jin, Nan Li, Yang Liu, Suiping Wang

{"title":"Saccade Target Selection in Chinese Reading: The Roles of Contextual Constraint and Preview Validity.","authors":"Weiqiong Jin, Nan Li, Yang Liu, Suiping Wang","doi":"10.1177/17470218261434575","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218261434575","url":null,"abstract":"How readers use multiple sources of information to determine where to move their eyes during reading is a central question in eye movement control. In Chinese reading, both preview and contextual information have been shown to modulate saccade target selection. However, it remains unclear how contextual constraint and parafoveal preview jointly influence saccade targeting. The present study examined the relationship between contextual constraint and parafoveal preview in saccade target selection during Chinese reading. Participants' eye movements were recorded while they read sentences containing three-character target words embedded in either high- or low-constraint contexts. Using the boundary paradigm, we manipulated the preview validity of the target words: the preview was either identical to the target word (valid preview) or consisted of three pseudo-characters (invalid preview). The results showed a significant interaction between contextual constraint and preview validity on initial landing positions within the target word region and on saccade lengths entering the target word. Specifically, contextual constraint affected saccade targeting under valid preview conditions, whereas this effect was eliminated under invalid preview conditions. These findings indicate that saccade target selection during Chinese reading reflects a dynamically interactive process that integrates both preview (bottom-up) and contextual (top-down) information. The results provide empirical evidence that refines cognitive models of eye movement control in Chinese reading.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2596-2606"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147618952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Faster Speech Slows Predictive Processing: Evidence from Mandarin. 更快的语言会减慢预测处理：来自普通话的证据。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261446782

Huanhuan Yin, Patrick Sturt, Martin J Pickering

引用次数: 0

Goal-Driven Effects of Masked Priming in Advertising: How Word, Image, and Audio Priming Shape Consumer Brand Choices. 广告中隐藏启动的目标驱动效应：文字、图像和音频启动如何塑造消费者的品牌选择。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-03 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261442535

Abudusalamu Saiding, Xia Li, Wenqi Tang, Kaidong Yu

{"title":"Goal-Driven Effects of Masked Priming in Advertising: How Word, Image, and Audio Priming Shape Consumer Brand Choices.","authors":"Abudusalamu Saiding, Xia Li, Wenqi Tang, Kaidong Yu","doi":"10.1177/17470218261442535","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218261442535","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effectiveness of masked priming in influencing brand preference under goal-relevant conditions. Two experiments with 370 undergraduate students in China tested word and image masked priming (Study 1) and auditory masked priming (Study 2), focusing on thirst motivation. In Study 1, both word and image primes (briefly presented at a nominal 23 ms) increased preference for the primed brand (C'estbon) only when participants were thirsty, with no significant difference between modalities. In Study 2, auditory primes (embedded \"Yibao\" in music) similarly boosted preference when goal-directed, but high-frequency (80 exposures) and low-frequency (40 exposures) conditions did not differ significantly. These findings corroborate the goal-dependency in masked priming effects across modalities, extend prior work to a logographic/tonal language context (Chinese), and highlight auditory priming in advertising as an under-explored domain. Effects are subtle and contingent on motivation alignment. Practical implications for marketers include strategic placement in high-motivation contexts.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2690-2702"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147609934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Variations in the Accuracy of Old-New Judgements Following Compound Learned-Predictiveness Training. EXPRESS：复合习得预测性训练后新旧判断准确性的变化。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261446638

Sandra Lagator, Clara Muñiz-Diez, Tom Beesley, Mark Haselgrove

{"title":"Variations in the Accuracy of Old-New Judgements Following Compound Learned-Predictiveness Training.","authors":"Sandra Lagator, Clara Muñiz-Diez, Tom Beesley, Mark Haselgrove","doi":"10.1177/17470218261446638","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218261446638","url":null,"abstract":"Connectionist theories of psychology propose that the accuracy of stimulus representations is a function of the extent to which its elements become interconnected, or associated, as a consequence of experience. To explore this idea, across three experiments, participants were required to solve a compound learned-predictiveness task, in which pairs of stimuli in each compound were established as either predictive or non-predictive of a subsequent outcome. Outcome probability was further manipulated as either probabilistic or deterministic. It was hypothesized that the propensity for one stimulus to connect with another within the compound would be greater when (a) it possessed higher relative predictive validity for an outcome and (b) was followed by an uncertain outcome relative to a deterministic outcome. Consequently, participants accuracy in recognising the conjunction of the previously exposed stimulus pairs should vary as a function of these variables. Across three experiments, which used old/new judgements following compound learned-predictiveness training, a consistent effect of predictive validity was observed - participants' hit rate for detecting a change in the conjunction of predictive stimuli was superior to changes in the conjunction of non-predictive stimuli. However, there was no effect of outcome uncertainty. The implications of these results for theories of learning and representation are discussed.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2814-2835"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147729762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do Visual Details Drive Memory? Role of the Visuo-Spatial Frequencies in Mnemonic Discrimination. EXPRESS：视觉细节驱动记忆吗？视觉空间频率在助记识别中的作用。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-26 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261456719

Jordan Mille, Stephen Ramanoël, Guillaume T Vallet

{"title":"Do Visual Details Drive Memory? Role of the Visuo-Spatial Frequencies in Mnemonic Discrimination.","authors":"Jordan Mille, Stephen Ramanoël, Guillaume T Vallet","doi":"10.1177/17470218261456719","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218261456719","url":null,"abstract":"Memory is a dynamic reconstruction process, emphasizing the importance of assessing not only that an event occurred but also its details (i.e., memory accuracy). Recent studies have suggested that reconstructing accurate memories requires discriminating overlapping memory traces, a process known as pattern separation (PS). PS is typically studied through tasks involving the discrimination of visual lures, highlighting the contribution of visual processes to PS. Two main types of visual processing should be considered (high spatial frequencies [HSF]; and low spatial frequencies [LSF]), and it remains unclear whether these processes contribute equally to the discrimination of visual lures. This preregistered study examined the impact of spatial frequencies on mnemonic discrimination using a mnemonic similarity task. We hypothesized that HSF, which process the fine analysis of information, would be more involved than LSF, which process the coarse analysis of information, in discriminating targets from similar lures. Forty young participants had to recognize visual stimuli under three spatial frequency conditions: LSF images, HSF images, and a no-filter (NF) condition. The results showed that the lure discrimination index was lower for the LSF images than for the NF condition. LSF images also resulted in fewer false recognitions of lures and more target misses compared to HSF images and the NF condition. These results suggest that HSF support mnemonic discrimination more than LSF but also contribute more broadly to the overall richness of memory traces. This study contributes to theoretical models of memory by highlighting the importance of rich visual information for accurate memory.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2621-2636"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148017001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Influence of Prime-Related Trial-Wise Visibility Measures on Masked Response Priming. 与启动相关的试验可见性措施对掩蔽反应启动的影响。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-27 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261440915

Charlott Wendt, Guido Hesselmann

{"title":"The Influence of Prime-Related Trial-Wise Visibility Measures on Masked Response Priming.","authors":"Charlott Wendt, Guido Hesselmann","doi":"10.1177/17470218261440915","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218261440915","url":null,"abstract":"Masked priming paradigms have been widely used to investigate the processing of nonconscious visual stimuli. Few studies have considered that trial-by-trial assessments of prime visibility turn masked priming paradigms into dual-tasking situations. In our study, we conducted two experiments using metacontrast to investigate how different subjective and objective visibility measures influence masked response priming under single- and dual-task conditions. Both experiments revealed larger priming effects in the dual-task than in the single-task conditions, supporting the notion that the prime-related response draws attention to the prime, thereby enhancing its processing and the resulting priming effects. Experiment 1 further showed that response times were faster and priming effects larger for bimanual than for unimanual responses. Differences between subjective and objective visibility measures were observed in Experiment 1, but not confirmed in Experiment 2. Furthermore, varying the task relevance of the prime arrow's direction by employing specific instructions either highlighting arrow direction or non-directional prime features failed to produce any significant differences in priming effects. Taken together, our results show that trial-by-trial assessments of prime visibility in a metacontrast masking paradigm can enhance priming effects and suggest that the choice of visibility measure plays a minimal role, as the existence of a trial-wise visibility measures matters more than its format.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2703-2724"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147532290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0