Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology最新文献

Absolute, not perceived, delay modulates agency judgement: Evidence for cognitive impenetrability of sense of agency.

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-12-21 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241306433

Merve Erdoğan, Fuat Balcı

{"title":"Absolute, not perceived, delay modulates agency judgement: Evidence for cognitive impenetrability of sense of agency.","authors":"Merve Erdoğan, Fuat Balcı","doi":"10.1177/17470218241306433","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241306433","url":null,"abstract":"The sense of agency, which refers to awareness of causing events, is consistently influenced by the time interval between actions and their outcomes such that longer delays diminish the perceived strength of the agency. This study investigated whether the sense of agency is modulated by the distance between experienced delays or by their subjective discriminability, which is known to be subject to Weber's law (discriminability being a function of ratios rather than absolute differences between time intervals). To this end, participants executed keypress actions leading to outcomes at varying delays. In one experiment, delays were equidistant on a logarithmic scale (constant ratio relationship), while in the other experiment, they were equidistant on a linear scale (constant distance relationship). Our results showed that judgments of the agency were predicted better by actual temporal proximity between actions and outcomes compared with their subjective discriminability. Beyond providing a more complete picture regarding the effect of outcome delays on the sense of agency, these findings have broader implications for the mechanistic underpinnings of the sense of agency. They imply that even explicit judgments of agency can be influenced by certain factors transcending conscious experience.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241306433"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: On beat rhythm and working memory are associated with better speech-in-noise perception for older adults with hearing loss.

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-12-21 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241311204

Chi Yhun Lo, Ella Dubinsky, Kay Wright-Whyte, Michael Zara, Gurjit Singh, Frank A Russo

{"title":"EXPRESS: On beat rhythm and working memory are associated with better speech-in-noise perception for older adults with hearing loss.","authors":"Chi Yhun Lo, Ella Dubinsky, Kay Wright-Whyte, Michael Zara, Gurjit Singh, Frank A Russo","doi":"10.1177/17470218241311204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241311204","url":null,"abstract":"Even with the use of hearing aids (HAs), speech in noise perception remains challenging for older adults, impacting communication and quality of life outcomes. The association between music perception and speech-in-noise (SIN) outcomes is of interest, as there is evidence that professionally trained musicians are adept listeners in noisy environments. Thus, this study explored the association between music processing, cognitive factors, and the outcome variable of SIN perception, in older adults with hearing loss. Forty-two HA users aged between 57 and 90 years with a symmetrical, moderate to moderately-severe hearing loss participated in this study. Our findings suggest that on beat rhythm accuracy, pitch perception, and working memory all positively contribute to SIN perception for older adults with hearing loss. These findings provide key insights into the relationship between music, cognitive factors, and SIN perception, which may inform future interventions, rehabilitation and the mechanisms that support better SIN perception.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241311204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting novel word semantic priming: The role of strategic priming mechanisms.

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-12-21 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241306747

Lewis V Ball, Perrine Brusini, Colin Bannard

{"title":"Revisiting novel word semantic priming: The role of strategic priming mechanisms.","authors":"Lewis V Ball, Perrine Brusini, Colin Bannard","doi":"10.1177/17470218241306747","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241306747","url":null,"abstract":"Although it has been proposed that new words are encoded in a qualitatively different way from established words-in episodic rather than semantic memory-such accounts are challenged by the finding that newly learnt words influence the processing of well-known words in semantic priming tasks. In this article, we explore whether this apparent contradiction is due to differences in task design. Specifically, we hypothesised that a large stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) would allow the participant to engage strategic retrieval and priming mechanisms to facilitate the recognition of a semantically related word, compared with a shorter SOA, which promotes more automatic processing. In Experiment 1, 60 participants learned 34 novel words and their meanings that later served as primes for related/unrelated existing word targets in a primed lexical decision task, with a 450 ms SOA. There was no significant priming effect. In Experiment 2, we increased the SOA to 1,000 ms, and found a significant priming effect with novel words. Finally, there was no significant priming effect with novel words in Experiment 3 that used a 200 ms SOA. A semantic priming effect with familiar words was found in Experiments 1 and 3, but not Experiment 2 (the longest SOA). We interpret these results as providing evidence for the idea that new and existing words are represented differently, with the former encoded outside of conventional language networks as they appear to rely predominantly on slow (strategic) mechanisms to prime related, existing words.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241306747"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: An Exploration of Relationships between Associative and Non-Associative Measures of Inhibition.

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241310859

Ovidiu Brudan, Hedwig Eisenbarth, Steven Glautier

{"title":"EXPRESS: An Exploration of Relationships between Associative and Non-Associative Measures of Inhibition.","authors":"Ovidiu Brudan, Hedwig Eisenbarth, Steven Glautier","doi":"10.1177/17470218241310859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241310859","url":null,"abstract":"Conditioned inhibition and occasion setting are two examples of inhibitory associative phenomena that have traditionally been studied in isolation from non-associative inhibition. Non-associative inhibition has been assessed using a variety of measures (e.g. stop signal reaction time and impulsivity questionnaires) and weak non-associative inhibition has been linked to a variety of disorders including addiction. However, even though both associative and non-associative inhibition have a common core -both involve suppression of behaviour, there has been relatively little study of potential relationships between these different forms of inhibition. In the current investigation we carried out exploratory analyses to look for possible links between conditioned inhibition and occasion setting and four non-associative measures of inhibition namely, 1) stop signal reaction time, 2) delay discounting, and scores on 3) the Behaviour Inhibition System/Behaviour Activation System (Carver & White, 1994) and 4) Barratt Impulsivity (Patton et al., 1995) questionnaires. Despite the fact that we carefully selected data to minimise noise in the measurement of associative inhibition we found no clear evidence of links between associative and non-associative inhibition. We therefore conclude that whilst there may be superficial similarities between these different forms of inhibition they are likely to have different substrates.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241310859"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Apparent statistical inference in crows may reflect simple reinforcement learning.

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241305622

David N George, Dominic M Dwyer, Mark Haselgrove, Mike E Le Pelley

{"title":"Apparent statistical inference in crows may reflect simple reinforcement learning.","authors":"David N George, Dominic M Dwyer, Mark Haselgrove, Mike E Le Pelley","doi":"10.1177/17470218241305622","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241305622","url":null,"abstract":"Johnston et al. report results which they argue demonstrate that crows engage in statistical inference during decision-making. They trained two crows to associate a set of stimuli with different reward probabilities (from 10% to 90%) before choice tests between pairs of stimuli. Across most pairwise combinations, and in a control task in which the number of rewards was equated between probabilities, both crows preferred the stimulus associated with higher reward probability. The magnitude of this preference was affected by the absolute difference between the two probabilities, although (contrary to a claim made by Johnston et al. 2023) preference did not reflect the ratio of prior probabilities independently of absolute differences. Johnston et al. argue that preference for the stimulus with the higher reward probability is \"the signature of true statistical inference\" (p. 3238), implemented by an analogue magnitude system that represents the reward probability associated with each stimulus. Here, we show that a simple reinforcement learning model, with no explicit representation of reward probabilities, reproduces the critical features of crows' performance-and indeed better accounts for the observed empirical findings than the concept of statistical inference based on analogue magnitude representations, because it correctly predicts the absence of a ratio effect that would reflect magnitudes when absolute distance is controlled. Contrary to Johnston et al.'s claims, these patterns of behaviour do not necessitate retrieval of calculated reward probabilities from long-term memory and dynamic application of this information across contexts, or (more specifically) require the involvement of an analogue magnitude system in representing abstract probabilities.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241305622"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142771752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: Deliberate Search for Analogous Cases Aids the Retrieval and Transfer of Suboptimally-Encoded Memory Items.

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241311203

Máximo Trench, Laura Martinez Frontera, Leandro E Rivas

{"title":"EXPRESS: Deliberate Search for Analogous Cases Aids the Retrieval and Transfer of Suboptimally-Encoded Memory Items.","authors":"Máximo Trench, Laura Martinez Frontera, Leandro E Rivas","doi":"10.1177/17470218241311203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241311203","url":null,"abstract":"Even though spontaneous retrieval of analogous cases lacking surface similarity with a target situation typically requires achieving an abstract representation of the target situation, recent studies on analogical argumentation suggest that the deliberate disposition to search for analogous cases in long-term memory (LTM) suffices to increase cross-domain retrieval significantly. However, a limitation of these studies concerns the impossibility to determine whether the analogous situations reported were invented rather than retrieved, and whether there were instances of analogical retrieval that were not reflected in participants' arguments. To overcome these shortcomings, Experiment 1 resorted to a traditional transfer paradigm where a base analog is learned prior to the presentation of the target situation during a contextually-separated phase. Results confirmed that an explicit indication to base persuasive arguments on analogous situations increases distant retrieval as compared to a baseline condition where the instruction to generate persuasive arguments did not include an indication to think of analogous cases. Experiment 2 generalized the retrieval advantage of voluntary search to the activity of generating explanatory hypotheses for a counterintuitive phenomenon, a more prototypical variety of knowledge transfer that has been somewhat overlooked within analogy research. The theoretical and educational implications of the present findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241311203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distinct components of Stroop interference and facilitation: The role of phonology and response modality. 表达：Stroop干扰和促进的不同组成部分：语音和反应模式的作用。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241302490

Yicheng Qiu, Walter Jb van Heuven

{"title":"Distinct components of Stroop interference and facilitation: The role of phonology and response modality.","authors":"Yicheng Qiu, Walter Jb van Heuven","doi":"10.1177/17470218241302490","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241302490","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-stage accounts of Stroop effects suggest that Stroop effects result from different conflict and facilitation components. Consistent with these accounts, Augustinova et al. reported evidence for task, semantic, and response components in Stroop effects. They also investigated how vocal and manual responses impacted the magnitude of each of the conflict and facilitation components. However, the role of phonological components in Stroop effects was not investigated in their study. The impact of phonology on Stroop effects has been observed in several studies. However, these studies did not investigate the role of different conflict/facilitation components in Stroop effects. To investigate the impact of phonological components as well as task, semantic, and response components on Stroop effects, a vocal and manual Stroop task was for the first time conducted with Chinese speakers using a design similar to that of Augustinova et al. The data revealed only in the vocal Stroop task phonological conflict and facilitation, whereas semantic and response conflicts were found with vocal and manual responses. Implications of the findings for response modality effects and the measures of facilitation/conflict components are discussed.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241302490"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142627083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: Top-down and emotional attention in blind and sighted individuals.

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241311202

Artyom Zinchenko, Thomas Geyer, Julia Gedäke, Julia Föcker

{"title":"EXPRESS: Top-down and emotional attention in blind and sighted individuals.","authors":"Artyom Zinchenko, Thomas Geyer, Julia Gedäke, Julia Föcker","doi":"10.1177/17470218241311202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241311202","url":null,"abstract":"There is evidence that congenitally blind individuals possess superior auditory perceptual skills compared to sighted people. However, relatively little is known about the auditory-specific cortical correlates of spatial attention in the blind and how task-irrelevant emotional stimulus features could further modulate such neural processes. This study tested blind and sighted participants in a challenging auditory discrimination task. All participants were blindfolded and seated between loudspeakers at 45-degree angles while pseudowords were randomly presented. The task was to identify target sounds from either the left or the right speaker while ignoring non-target stimuli, the irrelevant loudspeaker, and irrelevant speaker identity. Emotional valence-neutral, happy, fearful, threatening-of pseudowords was task-irrelevant, focusing solely on syllable detection. Our focus was on measuring the moment-to-moment deployment of auditory-selective attention. This was achieved using the lateralized N2ac ERP component characterized by greater negativity at anterior electrodes on the side contralateral to an attended auditory stimulus and observed 75 to 250 ms after stimulus onset. We observed that blind individuals showed better behavioral performance and reduced N2ac amplitudes than sighted individuals. Further, for both groups, N2ac amplitudes were increased for the target compared to non-target stimuli and stimuli appearing at spatially relevant vs. irrelevant locations. Our study highlights the superiority of auditory processing capabilities in blind individuals. The results also highlight the N2ac component's sensitivity to top-down attentional engagement and emotional attention, offering new insights into how blind and sighted individuals process auditory information.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241311202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: Unpacking mentalizing: the roles of age and executive functioning in self-other appraisal and perspective taking.

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241311415

Elena Poznyak, Lucien Rochat, Deborah Badoud, Ben Meuleman, Martin Debbané

{"title":"EXPRESS: Unpacking mentalizing: the roles of age and executive functioning in self-other appraisal and perspective taking.","authors":"Elena Poznyak, Lucien Rochat, Deborah Badoud, Ben Meuleman, Martin Debbané","doi":"10.1177/17470218241311415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241311415","url":null,"abstract":"Mentalizing involves a number of psychological processes designed to appraise self and others from different points of view. Factors affecting the flexibility in the ability to switch between self-other appraisals and perspectives remain yet unclear. In this study, we sought to (1) assess individual variability in processing and switching between self and other-oriented mental representations and perspectives in a sample of typically developing youths; (2) examine how age and executive functioning may affect this switching process. 88 adolescents and 163 young adults completed the Self Other Switching Task, a new computerized personality trait attribution paradigm. Measures of sustained attention, working memory and inhibition were used to assess executive functioning. Linear mixed models showed that participants were faster to make attributions from the self-perspective and referring to the self. They were also slower to disengage/switch from the self-perspective and the self-representation. Whereas there were no age differences in self-other switching efficiency per se, adolescents were slower than adults on trials involving appraisals of the other from the self-perspective. Importantly, higher verbal working memory scores were associated with better performance on incongruent trials and with switching scores. This study demonstrates the utility of a new experimental task permitting to tease apart the effects of self-other appraisal and perspective switching within a single paradigm. Our behavioral results highlight a self-cost observed in switching between representations and perspectives and emphasize the roles of age and working memory in simultaneous processing of self- and other-oriented information.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241311415"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: Atypical Implicit and Explicit Sense of Agency in Autism: a complete characterization using the Cue integration approach.

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241311582

Alexis Lafleur, Vicky Caron, Baudouin Forgeot d'Arc, Isabelle Soulieres

{"title":"EXPRESS: Atypical Implicit and Explicit Sense of Agency in Autism: a complete characterization using the Cue integration approach.","authors":"Alexis Lafleur, Vicky Caron, Baudouin Forgeot d'Arc, Isabelle Soulieres","doi":"10.1177/17470218241311582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241311582","url":null,"abstract":"There exist indications that sense of agency (SoA), the experience of being the cause of one's own actions and actions' outcomes, is altered in autism. However, no studies in autism have simultaneously investigated the integration mechanisms underpinning both implicit and explicit SoA, the two levels of agency proposed by the innovative Cue integration approach. Our study establishes a first complete characterization of SoA functioning in autism, by comparing age- and IQ-matched samples of autistic versus neurotypical adults. Intentional binding and judgments of agency were used to assess implicit and explicit SoA over pinching movements with visual outcomes. Sensorimotor and contextual cues were manipulated using feedback alteration and induced belief about the cause of actions' outcome. Implicit SoA was altered in autism, as showed by an overall abolished intentional binding effect and greater inter-individual heterogeneity. At the explicit level, we observed an under-reliance on retrospective sensorimotor cues. The implicit-explicit dynamic was also altered in comparison to neurotypical individuals. Our results show that both implicit and explicit levels of SoA, as well as the dynamic between the two levels, present atypicalities in autism.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241311582"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0