Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology最新文献

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Beyond the Gender Differences: Gendered Socialization Impact on Gaze-Cueing Effect. 超越性别差异:性别社会化对注视提示效应的影响。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-08-19 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261481785
Ece Yucer, Jay Pratt
{"title":"Beyond the Gender Differences: Gendered Socialization Impact on Gaze-Cueing Effect.","authors":"Ece Yucer, Jay Pratt","doi":"10.1177/17470218261481785","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218261481785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous work has demonstrated that women exhibit stronger gaze-cueing effects than men; however, the nature of this heightened sensitivity to gaze directions has not been investigated. Thus, the current study investigates the role of gendered socialization processes in contributing to gender differences in gaze-cueing effects. In Experiment 1, participants completed a gaze-cueing experiment and a series of questionnaires to investigate the impacts of gendered socialization on any observed gender differences in gaze-cueing effects. In Experiment 2, we eliminated the social aspects of the cues by employing a peripheral cueing paradigm, and participants completed the same series of questionnaires as in Experiment 1. All analyses were conducted using linear mixed-effects models, and the questionnaires were grouped into three factors based on an exploratory factor analysis. The results illustrate that internalized gendered attitudes shaped by gendered socialization modulate attentional orienting to socially meaningful gaze cues, but not to non-social peripheral cues. By integrating gendered socialization into attention research, our findings emphasize that even fundamental cognitive operations are intricately embedded within cultural and social frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218261481785"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148797529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Structural Constraints Shape Force Estimation: Dissociating Internal Representation and Cross-Limb Mapping. 结构约束形状力估计:解离内部表示和跨肢映射。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-08-19 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261481973
Lin Li, Yanxia Li
{"title":"Structural Constraints Shape Force Estimation: Dissociating Internal Representation and Cross-Limb Mapping.","authors":"Lin Li, Yanxia Li","doi":"10.1177/17470218261481973","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218261481973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Force estimation is commonly assumed to rely on a unitary internal representation, with differences across paradigms attributed to task demands or feedback availability. The present study tests this assumption by examining whether force estimation reflects the combined influence of multiple structural constraints. Specifically, we dissociate the contributions of internal representation and cross-limb mapping using a contrast-based framework. Participants performed three force estimation tasks-ipsilateral reproduction (IR), contralateral matching (CM), and contralateral reproduction (CR)-across three force levels (10%, 30%, and 50% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction). Error measures (constant error, absolute error, and variable error) were analyzed at both the task level and the structure level. At the task level, IR and CM produced comparable patterns of systematic bias but differed in error magnitude and variability, indicating that the two paradigms are not functionally equivalent. At the structure level, contrast-based analyses revealed dissociable effects of internal representation and cross-limb mapping. Both constraints introduced systematic positive bias and increased error magnitude, particularly at low force levels, while their influence diminished as force increased. In contrast, no statistically significant modulation of response variability was detected under the present experimental design, although the limited number of repetitions constrains the interpretation of this finding. These findings challenge unitary accounts of force estimation and support a framework in which behavior reflects the interaction of multiple constraints whose influence is dynamically weighted by sensory reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218261481973"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148797448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
EXPRESS: Measuring Individual Differences in Word-Meaning Disambiguation. EXPRESS:测量词义消歧的个体差异。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-08-18 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261481735
Lena Maria Blott, Anna E Gowenlock, Adam J Parker, Rogier A Kievit, Kate Nation, Jennifer Rodd
{"title":"EXPRESS: Measuring Individual Differences in Word-Meaning Disambiguation.","authors":"Lena Maria Blott, Anna E Gowenlock, Adam J Parker, Rogier A Kievit, Kate Nation, Jennifer Rodd","doi":"10.1177/17470218261481735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218261481735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Theories of the mental lexicon must explain how people use context to interpret ambiguous words (e.g., \"internal organ\" vs. \"musical organ\") and why people vary on this core aspect of comprehension. Theoretical development has been hampered by the lack of reliable tests of disambiguation skill. We introduce a task in which participants hear three-sentence narratives with an ambiguous final word (e.g., \"organ\") and select the appropriate picture from two alternatives. Experiment 1 (N=197) confirmed the viability of this task using a repeated-measures design optimized for detecting group-level ambiguity effects: participants were slower and less accurate for ambiguous compared with closely matched control items in which the final word was replaced with a similar but unambiguous word, e.g., \"piano\"). We replicated this ambiguity disadvantage using a less closely matched control condition that was developed for Experiment 2 (N=242) which was optimised to measure variation in disambiguation skill. Experiment 2 confirmed robust variability in accuracy and response time, but measurement reliability ranged from r=.41 to .65, below the conventional r=.70 threshold, and correlations with other cognitive tasks were inconsistent. These results highlight the challenges of adapting complex, repeated-measures experimental paradigms to detect individual differences, and provide a framework for developing and assessing such measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218261481735"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148797476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anchor Objects Contribute to Scene Function Understanding. EXPRESS:锚定对象有助于理解场景功能。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-08-14 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261480626
Lea Alexandra Müller Karoza, Sandro Luca Wiesmann, Melissa Lê-Hoa Võ
{"title":"Anchor Objects Contribute to Scene Function Understanding.","authors":"Lea Alexandra Müller Karoza, Sandro Luca Wiesmann, Melissa Lê-Hoa Võ","doi":"10.1177/17470218261480626","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218261480626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As we navigate everyday environments, we perform complex actions that are typically directed at objects, not entire scenes. While actions are strong predictors of scene category, it remains unclear whether scene function understanding depends more on object-level or scene-level information. We investigate if these actions drive the hierarchical structure of scenes by testing if anchor objects (i.e., the sink), which predict the location of local objects (i.e., the toothbrush), impact scene function understanding. In Experiment 1, participants explicitly matched action words and scenes in which the action-related anchor (REL), the action-unrelated anchor (UNREL) or a random, non-anchor object (RAND) were masked. Matching performance was significantly worse in REL scenes than in UNREL and RAND scenes. In Experiment 2, we measured scene function understanding by using the stimuli as primes in a lexical decision task on action words. Here, the REL condition elicited significantly slower response times than the RAND condition, suggesting that scene function understanding relies primarily on action-related, object-level information. A control experiment showed that these results could not solely be attributed to impaired scene categorization due to anchor-absence. We further showed that stimulus features such as visual realism and object clutter modulated task performance but did not alter the overall pattern of results. Together, our results suggest that scene function understanding depends mainly on the action-related anchor objects, whereas scene context is not always sufficient to understand a scene's functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218261480626"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148766409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Emotional Arousal Effects in Visual Word Recognition Across Valence Types: Evidence From an Age-Continuous Sample of Korean Adults. 不同效价类型在视觉词识别中的情绪唤醒效应:来自韩国成年人年龄连续样本的证据。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-08-14 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261481507
Jini Tae, Jinwon Kang, Matthew W Lowder, Wonil Choi
{"title":"Emotional Arousal Effects in Visual Word Recognition Across Valence Types: Evidence From an Age-Continuous Sample of Korean Adults.","authors":"Jini Tae, Jinwon Kang, Matthew W Lowder, Wonil Choi","doi":"10.1177/17470218261481507","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218261481507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study examined how the degree of emotional arousal of positive and negative valence words influences lexical processing and whether this effect varies across the adult lifespan. We analyzed lexical decision latencies for 1,544 emotionally salient words using data from the Korean Lexicon Project 2, which includes web-based lexical decision performance from 2,460 native Korean speakers aged 20 to 69 years. Because the Korean emotion-rating dataset exhibited a bimodal valence distribution with relatively few neutral words, age-by-arousal interactions were examined for positive and negative words separately. The patterns of arousal effects were different, depending on emotional valence: arousal facilitated word recognition for negative emotion words, whereas no such effect was observed for positive emotion words. Moreover, the arousal effect for negative emotion words was modulated by age: for participants in their 20s through 50s, higher-arousal negative words elicited faster responses than lower-arousal words, whereas this facilitative effect was absent among participants in their 60s, who showed relatively stable response times regardless of arousal level. This study represents the first large-scale investigation of affective word recognition in Korean using an age-continuous sample of adult participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218261481507"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148759987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Memory to Strategy: Exploring Strategy Use During Working Memory Training in Brazilian Children. 从记忆到策略:探索巴西儿童工作记忆训练中的策略使用。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-08-03 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261477569
Drielle Barbosa-Pereira, Pedro S R Martins, Marcela Mansur-Alves
{"title":"From Memory to Strategy: Exploring Strategy Use During Working Memory Training in Brazilian Children.","authors":"Drielle Barbosa-Pereira, Pedro S R Martins, Marcela Mansur-Alves","doi":"10.1177/17470218261477569","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218261477569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding how children spontaneously use cognitive strategies during working memory (WM) training is essential for optimizing training outcomes. This study investigated spontaneous strategy use among children participating in a computerized WM training program and examined whether strategy use influenced training performance. Forty children aged 6 to 10 years from public schools were assigned to either an experimental group that completed 8 weeks of computerized WM training or an active control group. Performance data were collected throughout training, and after the intervention, children completed a structured interview assessing spontaneous strategy use during training tasks. Results showed that 60% of children reported using at least 1 cognitive strategy, such as rehearsal, categorization, or mental imagery. A binary logistic multilevel model indicated that children in the experimental group were significantly more likely to perceive the strategies as helpful compared to the control group (Odds ratio = 5.04, 95% Confidence interval [1.54, 16.47], <i>z</i> = 2.67, <i>p</i> = .008). These findings suggest that spontaneous strategy use may partially explain individual differences in WM training outcomes and highlight the importance of fostering metacognitive awareness during cognitive interventions. Future studies should explore how strategy use can be supported and enhanced during training to maximize cognitive benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218261477569"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148664382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prediction and Prioritisation: How Reward Learning Shapes Attentional Capture. 预测和优先级:奖励学习如何塑造注意力捕获。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261449808
Mike E Le Pelley
{"title":"Prediction and Prioritisation: How Reward Learning Shapes Attentional Capture.","authors":"Mike E Le Pelley","doi":"10.1177/17470218261449808","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218261449808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A traditional view of selective attention distinguishes between goal-directed and stimulus-driven mechanisms of attentional control. More recently, a large (and growing) body of research has identified a third class of control system-termed <i>selection history</i>-wherein attentional prioritisation is shaped by our prior experience with stimuli, independently of our goals and the physical salience of those stimuli. This article reviews work within this selection history literature demonstrating that prioritisation is rapidly and automatically modulated by learning about the rewards associated with stimuli, and argues for a framework that distinguishes between history-driven processes implementing attentional exploitation (the drive to leverage reliable information) and attentional exploration (the drive to resolve uncertainty, with the aim of validating potential new sources of information). Findings such as these highlight a fundamental and intricate interaction between learning and attention, wherein our prior experience shapes the way in which we extract information from our environment-with potential consequences for understanding the subsequent decisions that we make and choices that we take.</p>","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1929-1944"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147820185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interference Effects Between Hand Posture and Manipulation Dimensions During Action Tool Knowledge Retrieval. 研究了动作工具知识检索中手姿态与操作维度的干扰效应。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1177/17470218251404028
Mathieu Lesourd, François Osiurak
{"title":"Interference Effects Between Hand Posture and Manipulation Dimensions During Action Tool Knowledge Retrieval.","authors":"Mathieu Lesourd, François Osiurak","doi":"10.1177/17470218251404028","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218251404028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding how components of action tool knowledge are organized and interact is crucial for elucidating the cognitive and neural basis of tool use. In this study, we examined the relationship between two key dimensions: hand posture and manipulation. Forty-eight participants made similarity judgments based on these dimensions across pairs of familiar tools. Results revealed an asymmetrical interference pattern: judgments about manipulation were significantly influenced by hand posture, whereas the reverse effect was weaker. This asymmetry was modulated by perceptual similarity, particularly when participants attended to hand posture, suggesting a dynamic interaction between perceptual and conceptual features. Notably, perceptual similarity judgments were not solely explained by low-level visual features but were also influenced by stored action tool representations. This indicates that participants spontaneously activated integrated tool knowledge even during perceptual tasks. These findings support a model of action tool knowledge, with hand posture emerging as a primary dimension that influences and potentially precedes manipulation. Together, these results provide new insights into the cognitive architecture of tool knowledge and offer a foundation for future studies exploring the interaction between perceptual, motoric, and conceptual dimensions in action tool knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2073-2089"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145597190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Contributions of Word-Form and Semantic Information to Grammatical Gender Activation and Retrieval: Evidence from L2 French Visual Words. 词汇形式和语义信息对语法性别激活和检索的贡献:来自二语法语视觉词的证据。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-29 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261441291
Yan Lu, Ying Chen, Jie Dong, Hao Yan
{"title":"The Contributions of Word-Form and Semantic Information to Grammatical Gender Activation and Retrieval: Evidence from L2 French Visual Words.","authors":"Yan Lu, Ying Chen, Jie Dong, Hao Yan","doi":"10.1177/17470218261441291","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218261441291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent research has highlighted the role of word form in gender processing by integrating a dual-route mechanism for grammatical gender activation into the AUSTRAL (Activation Using Structurally Tiered Representations and Lemmas) model of lexical access previous models. However, prior research on this mechanism has mainly used explicit tasks with monolingual participants. Moreover, the contributions of semantic features to gender activation and retrieval in comprehension remain underexplored. This study investigated grammatical gender activation in French visual word recognition among Chinese-French bilinguals through two incremental masked priming experiments. Experiment 1 examined the sublexical route using phonologically transparent unfamiliar nouns, while Experiment 2 investigated lexical route and semantic influences, comparing gender-opaque simple nouns with semantic gender features to those with abstract gender features. Results revealed robust gender congruency effects for both gender-transparent and gender-opaque nouns at stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) from 80 ms onward, supporting sublexical and lexical routes in gender activation. Additionally, a semantic feedback mechanism was observed at longer SOAs, particularly for nouns with semantic gender features. These findings extend previous models by incorporating a semantic feedback mechanism for gender activation, offering a more comprehensive framework for understanding grammatical gender processing in language comprehension.</p>","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2227-2241"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147575231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Mathematics Anxiety-Complexity Effect in Word Problems. 题目中的数学焦虑-复杂性效应。
IF 1.8 3区 心理学
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI: 10.1177/17470218261425251
Gabriella Daroczy, Felix Cramer, Christina Artemenko, Thomas E Hunt, Hans-Christoph Nuerk
{"title":"The Mathematics Anxiety-Complexity Effect in Word Problems.","authors":"Gabriella Daroczy, Felix Cramer, Christina Artemenko, Thomas E Hunt, Hans-Christoph Nuerk","doi":"10.1177/17470218261425251","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218261425251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Word problems are notoriously difficult for students to solve and require both mathematical and linguistic processes. Moreover, word problem-solving performance might also be negatively affected by mathematics (math) anxiety, particularly when task complexity increases. Therefore, the study investigated whether math anxiety impacts word problem performance, particularly when mathematical difficulty (i.e., arithmetic carry/borrow operations) or linguistic difficulty (i.e., lexical consistency) increases. In an online experiment with <i>N</i> = 129 adults, we observed that higher math anxiety levels were related to lower performance in word problem-solving. Moreover, math anxiety particularly affected performance in linguistically - but not arithmetically - difficult word problems. This suggests that math-anxious individuals particularly struggle during word problem-solving when the text was more difficult to translate into an arithmetic problem. Therefore, the anxiety-complexity effect in word problems holds for math anxiety affecting the resolution of linguistic complexity rather than arithmetic complexity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2184-2198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146214106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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