Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology最新文献_第10页

Modelling the impact of single vs. dual presentation on visual discrimination across resolutions. EXPRESS：模拟单一与双重演示对不同分辨率视觉辨别的影响。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241255670

Luke A French, Jason M Tangen, David K Sewell

{"title":"Modelling the impact of single vs. dual presentation on visual discrimination across resolutions.","authors":"Luke A French, Jason M Tangen, David K Sewell","doi":"10.1177/17470218241255670","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241255670","url":null,"abstract":"Visual categorisation relies on our ability to extract useful diagnostic information from complex stimuli. To do this, we can utilise both the \"high-level\" and \"low-level\" information in a stimulus; however, the extent to which changes in these properties impact the decision-making process is less clear. We manipulated participants' access to high-level category features via gradated reductions to image resolution while exploring the impact of access to additional category features through a dual-stimulus presentation when compared with single stimulus presentation. Results showed that while increasing image resolution consistently resulted in better choice performance, no benefit was found for dual presentation over single presentation, despite responses for dual presentation being slower compared with single presentation. Applying the diffusion decision model revealed increases in drift rate as a function of resolution, but no change in drift rate for single versus dual presentation. The increase in response time for dual presentation was instead accounted for by an increase in response caution for dual presentations. These findings suggest that while increasing access to high-level features (via increased resolution) can improve participants' categorisation performance, increasing access to both high- and low-level features (via an additional stimulus) does not.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140877193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring "phasic" vs. "tonic" accounts of the effect of switch probability on the auditory attention switch cost. 快讯：探索 "阶段性 "与 "强直性 "对听觉注意力转换成本的影响。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241256361

Amy Strivens, Iring Koch, Aureliu Lavric

{"title":"Exploring \"phasic\" vs. \"tonic\" accounts of the effect of switch probability on the auditory attention switch cost.","authors":"Amy Strivens, Iring Koch, Aureliu Lavric","doi":"10.1177/17470218241256361","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241256361","url":null,"abstract":"Task-switching experiments have shown that the \"switch cost\" (poorer performance for task switches than for repetitions) is smaller when the probability of a switch is high (e.g., 0.75) than when it is low (e.g., 0.25). Some theoretical accounts explain this effect in terms of top-down control deployed in advance of the task cue (\"pre-cue reconfiguration\"). We tested such accounts by manipulating the time available before the onset of the cue (the response-cue interval, RCI), reasoning that top-down pre-cue reconfiguration requires time and therefore its effect should increase with RCI. Participants heard a man and a woman simultaneously speaking number words and categorised the number (< 5 vs. > 5) spoken by the voice specified by a pictorial gender-related cue presented at an RCI of 100 ms or 2,200 ms. The target voice switched with a probability of 0.25 or 0.75 (in separate sessions). In Experiment 1, RTs revealed a large effect of switch probability on the switch cost in the short RCI, which did not increase in the long RCI. Errors hinted at such an increase, but it did not receive clear statistical support and was disconfirmed by a direct and better powered replication in Experiment 2, which fully confirmed the RT pattern from Experiment 1. Thus, the effect of switch probability on the switch cost required little/no time following the response to emerge-it was already at full magnitude at a short RCI-challenging accounts that assume \"phasic\" deployment of top-down task-set control in advance of the cue.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140899484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Visual perceptual learning is enhanced by training in the illusory far space. 通过在虚幻的远处空间进行训练，可以提高视觉感知学习能力。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241256870

Antonio Zafarana, Carmen Lenatti, Laura Hunt, Munashe Makwiramiti, Alessandro Farnè, Luigi Tamè

{"title":"Visual perceptual learning is enhanced by training in the illusory far space.","authors":"Antonio Zafarana, Carmen Lenatti, Laura Hunt, Munashe Makwiramiti, Alessandro Farnè, Luigi Tamè","doi":"10.1177/17470218241256870","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241256870","url":null,"abstract":"Visual objects in the peripersonal space (PPS) are perceived faster than farther ones appearing in the extrapersonal space (EPS). This shows preferential processing for visual stimuli near our body. Such an advantage should favour visual perceptual learning occurring near, as compared with far from observers, but opposite evidence has been recently provided from online testing protocols, showing larger perceptual learning in the far space. Here, we ran two laboratory-based experiments investigating whether visual training in PPS and EPS has different effects. We used the horizontal Ponzo Illusion to create a lateralized depth perspective while participants completed a visual search task in which they reported whether or not a specific target object orientation (e.g., a triangle pointing upwards) was present among distractors. This task was completed before and after a training phase in either the (illusory) near or far space for 1 h. In Experiment 1, the near space was in the left hemispace, whereas in Experiment 2, it was in the right. Results showed that, in both experiments, participants were more accurate after training in the far space, whereas training in the near space led to either improvement in the far space (Experiment 1), or no change (Experiment 2). Moreover, we found a larger visual perceptual learning when stimuli were presented in the left compared with the right hemispace. Differently from visual processing, visual perceptual learning is more effective in the far space. We propose that depth is a key dimension that can be used to improve human visual learning.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141088172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Remembering visual and linguistic common ground in shared history. 表达：铭记共同历史中的视觉和语言共同点。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241256651

J Jessica Wang, Lin Zhao, Justine Alegado, Joseph Webb, James Wright, Ian A Apperly

{"title":"Remembering visual and linguistic common ground in shared history.","authors":"J Jessica Wang, Lin Zhao, Justine Alegado, Joseph Webb, James Wright, Ian A Apperly","doi":"10.1177/17470218241256651","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241256651","url":null,"abstract":"Successful communication requires speakers and listeners to refer to information in their common ground. Shared history is one of the bases for common ground, as information from a communicative episode in the past can be referred to in future communication. However, to draw upon shared history, communicative partners need to have an accurate memory record that they can refer to. The memory mechanism for shared history is poorly understood. The current study investigated the ways in which memory for shared history is prioritised. Two experiments presented a referential communication task followed by a surprise recognition memory task, with the former task serving as an episode of shared history. Experiment 1 revealed superior memory for information that was both seen in the communicators' common ground and referred to, followed by information that was seen but not referred to, and finally by information privileged to the participants. Experiment 2 provided a replication of Experiment 1 and further demonstrated that these co-presence effects are not dependent on the presence of a speaker with a different perspective to the participant.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140945696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241241954

Yipeng Yao, Rong Luo, Chengyu Fan, Yeke Qian, Xuelian Zang

{"title":"Age-related contextual cueing features are more evident in reaction variability than in reaction time.","authors":"Yipeng Yao, Rong Luo, Chengyu Fan, Yeke Qian, Xuelian Zang","doi":"10.1177/17470218241241954","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241241954","url":null,"abstract":"Visual-spatial contextual cueing learning underpins the daily lives of older adults, enabling them to navigate their surroundings, perform daily activities, and maintain cognitive function. While the contextual cueing effect has received increasing attention from researchers, the relationship between this cognitive ability and healthy ageing remains controversial. To investigate whether visual-spatial contextual cueing learning declines with age, we examined the contextual learning patterns of older (60-71 years old) and younger adults (18-26 years old) using a contextual-guided visual search paradigm and response variability measurements. We observed significant contextual learning effects in both age groups, impacting response speed and variability, with these effects persisting for at least 24 days. However, older adults required more repetitions and memorised fewer repeated stimuli during initial learning. Interestingly, their long-term memory maintenance appeared stronger, as their contextual facilitation persisted in both response speed and variability, while younger adults only persisted in response speed but not variability. Overall, our results suggest an age-related complex and diverse contextual cueing pattern, with older adults showing weaker learning but stronger long-term memory maintenance compared with younger adults.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140132429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Healthy ageing has divergent effects on verbal and non-verbal semantic cognition. 健康老龄化对言语和非言语语义认知的影响是不同的。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231195341

Wei Wu, Suchismita Lohani, Taylore Homan, Katya Krieger-Redwood, Paul Hoffman

{"title":"Healthy ageing has divergent effects on verbal and non-verbal semantic cognition.","authors":"Wei Wu, Suchismita Lohani, Taylore Homan, Katya Krieger-Redwood, Paul Hoffman","doi":"10.1177/17470218231195341","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231195341","url":null,"abstract":"Semantic cognition refers to the storage and appropriate use of knowledge acquired over the lifespan and underpins our everyday verbal and non-verbal behaviours. Successful semantic cognition requires representation of knowledge and control processes which ensure that currently relevant aspects of knowledge are retrieved and selected. Although these abilities have been widely studied in healthy young populations and semantically impaired patients, it is unclear how they change as a function of healthy ageing, especially for non-verbal semantic processing. Here, we addressed this issue by comparing the performance profiles of young and older people on a semantic knowledge task and a semantic control task, across verbal (word) and non-verbal (picture) versions. The results revealed distinct patterns of change during adulthood for semantic knowledge and semantic control. Older people performed better in both verbal and non-verbal knowledge tasks than young people. However, although the older group showed preserved controlled retrieval for verbal semantics, they demonstrated a specific impairment for non-verbal semantic control. These findings indicate that the effects of ageing on semantic cognition are more complex than previously assumed, and that input modality plays an important role in the shifting cognitive architecture of semantics in later life.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11103919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10047766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is the approach avoidance compatibility effect moderated by word imageability? 接近回避兼容性效应是否受单词形象性的调节？

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231194499

Nicolas Pillaud, Claire Ballot, Christelle Robert, Stéphanie Mathey, François Ric

{"title":"Is the approach avoidance compatibility effect moderated by word imageability?","authors":"Nicolas Pillaud, Claire Ballot, Christelle Robert, Stéphanie Mathey, François Ric","doi":"10.1177/17470218231194499","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231194499","url":null,"abstract":"The approach/avoidance (AA) compatibility effect refers to the fact that individuals respond faster by an approach movement to positive than to negative stimuli, whereas they respond faster by an avoidance movement to negative than to positive stimuli. Although this effect has been observed in many studies, the underlying mechanisms remain still unclear. On the basis of recent studies suggesting a key role of sensorimotor information in the emergence of the AA compatibility effect, the present study aimed to investigate the specific role of visual information, operationalised through word imageability, in the production of the AA compatibility effect. We orthogonally manipulated the emotional valence (positive/negative) and the imageability (low/high) of words in an incidental online-AA task (i.e., in the absence of valence processing goals) using a stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) of 300 ms. In line with previous studies, Experiment 1 revealed an AA compatibility effect in the absence of valence processing goals. However, this effect was not moderated by word imageability. In Experiment 2, we examined whether the absence of influence of word imageability could be due to the short SOA (300 ms) used in this experiment. We used the same design as in Experiment 1 and manipulated the SOA (400 vs 600 ms). We again observed an AA compatibility effect which was not moderated by word imageability, whatever the SOA used. The results of both experiments suggest the absence of any influence of sensorimotor information in the AA compatibility effect, at least when provided by the to-be-approached/avoided stimulus.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10495168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A case study of learning in plants: Lessons learned from pea plants. 植物学习案例研究：从豌豆植物中吸取的经验教训。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231203078

Aditya Ponkshe, Jacobo Blancas Barroso, Charles I Abramson, Paco Calvo

引用次数: 0

Post-migration living difficulties and poor mental health associated with increased interpretation bias for threat. 移民后生活困难和心理健康状况不佳与威胁解释偏差增加有关。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231191442

Anastasia Vikhanova, Marc S Tibber, Isabelle Mareschal

{"title":"Post-migration living difficulties and poor mental health associated with increased interpretation bias for threat.","authors":"Anastasia Vikhanova, Marc S Tibber, Isabelle Mareschal","doi":"10.1177/17470218231191442","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231191442","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research has found associations between mental health difficulties and interpretation biases, including heightened interpretation of threat from neutral or ambiguous stimuli. Building on this research, we explored associations between interpretation biases (positive and negative) and three constructs that have been linked to migrant experience: mental health symptoms (Global Severity Index [GSI]), Post-Migration Living Difficulties (PMLD), and Perceived Ethnic Discrimination Questionnaire (PEDQ). Two hundred thirty students who identified as first- (n = 94) or second-generation ethnic minority migrants (n = 68), and first-generation White migrants (n = 68) completed measures of GSI, PEDQ, and PMLD. They also performed an interpretation bias task using Point Light Walkers (PLW), dynamic stimuli with reduced visual input that are easily perceived as humans performing an action. Five categories of PLW were used: four that clearly depicted human forms undertaking positive, neutral, negative, or ambiguous actions, and a fifth that involved scrambled animations with no clear action or form. Participants were asked to imagine their interaction with the stimuli and rate their friendliness (positive interpretation bias) and aggressiveness (interpretation bias for threat). We found that the three groups differed on PEDQ and PMLD, with no significant differences in GSI, and the three measured were positively correlated. Poorer mental health and increased PMLD were associated with a heightened interpretation for threat of scrambled animations only. These findings have implications for understanding of the role of threat biases in mental health and the migrant experience.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11103921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9974077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of peripheral information on a proactive process during multitasking. 多任务处理过程中外围信息对主动过程的影响。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231195198

Tsukasa Kimura, Tomoya Kawashima

{"title":"The influence of peripheral information on a proactive process during multitasking.","authors":"Tsukasa Kimura, Tomoya Kawashima","doi":"10.1177/17470218231195198","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231195198","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to examine whether peripheral information facilitates proactive processes during multitasking. For this purpose, peripheral information was presented regularly during multitasking and its effects on the performance of a tracking task (main task: reactive process) and a discrimination task (sub-task: proactive process) were examined. Experiment 1 presented peripheral information (white circles) in the same sensory modality (visual) as the information used for multitasking and the number of circle presentations was manipulated. In Experiment 2, a pure tone (auditory) was presented as peripheral information. We found that, in both experiments, the difficulty of the tracking task influenced discrimination performance, showing that as the difficulty of the tracking task (reactive process) increased, more cognitive resources were consumed in the tracking task, resulting in a decrease in cognitive resources available for the discrimination task (proactive process). In addition, regular presentation of peripheral information facilitated discrimination task performance in both experiments. Interestingly, this peripheral information also facilitated the tracking task performance (reactive process) even if the tracking task was difficult. Moreover, this promoting effect of the peripheral information occurred regardless of the sensory modality. This study revealed that processing of peripheral information facilitates the proactive process even if more cognitive resources are consumed, and that this facilitating effect does not conflict with multitasking and provides a margin of cognitive resources and also facilitates the reactive process. Our results provide evidence of how peripheral information and cognitive resources are used during multitasking.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10472870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0