Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology最新文献_第9页

Further evidence for the role of temporal contiguity as a determinant of overshadowing. 进一步证明时间连续性对阴影的决定作用。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231197170

José A Alcalá, Pedro M Ogallar, José Prados, Gonzalo P Urcelay

引用次数: 0

A conceptual-perceptual distinctiveness processing account of the superior recognition memory of pictures over environmental sounds. 概念感知的独特性处理说明图片的识别记忆优于环境声音。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231202986

Fahad N Ahmad, Savannah Tremblay, Michael D Karkuszewski, Marium Alvi, William E Hockley

{"title":"A conceptual-perceptual distinctiveness processing account of the superior recognition memory of pictures over environmental sounds.","authors":"Fahad N Ahmad, Savannah Tremblay, Michael D Karkuszewski, Marium Alvi, William E Hockley","doi":"10.1177/17470218231202986","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231202986","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers have proposed a coarser or gist-based representation for sounds, whereas a more verbatim-based representation is retrieved from long-term memory to account for higher recognition performance for pictures. This study examined the mechanism for the recognition advantage for pictures. In Experiment 1A, pictures and sounds were presented in separate trials in a mixed list during the study phase and participants showed in a yes-no test, a higher proportion of correct responses for targets, exemplar foils categorically related to the target, and novel foils for pictures compared with sounds. In Experiment 1B, the picture recognition advantage was replicated in a two-alternative forced-choice test for the novel and exemplar foil conditions. For Experiment 2A, even when verbal labels (i.e., written labels) were presented for sounds during the study phase, a recognition advantage for pictures was shown for both targets and exemplar foils. Experiment 2B showed that the presence of written labels for sounds, during both the study and test phases did not eliminate the advantage of recognition of pictures in terms of correct rejection of exemplar foils. Finally, in two additional experiments, we examined whether the degree of similarity within pictures and sounds could account for the recognition advantage of pictures. The mean similarity rating for pictures was higher than the mean similarity rating for sounds in the exemplar test condition, whereas mean similarity rating for sounds was higher than pictures in the novel test condition. These results pose a challenge for some versions of distinctiveness accounts of the picture superiority effect. We propose a conceptual-perceptual distinctiveness processing account of recognition memory for pictures and sounds.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11181738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10233876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Testing the effects of gaze distractors with invariant spatial direction on attention cueing. 测试具有不变空间方向的凝视干扰物对注意力提示的影响。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231203963

Mario Dalmaso, Giovanni Galfano, Luigi Castelli

引用次数: 0

Prior experience of variability influences generalisation of unspecified categories. EXPRESS：先前的可变性经验影响未指定类别的泛化。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231210491

Ann-Katrin Hosch, Philipp Wirtz, Bettina von Helversen

{"title":"Prior experience of variability influences generalisation of unspecified categories.","authors":"Ann-Katrin Hosch, Philipp Wirtz, Bettina von Helversen","doi":"10.1177/17470218231210491","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231210491","url":null,"abstract":"Category variability or diversity is an important factor influencing generalisation. However, expectations of category variability may not only depend on the variability of encountered category members, but may also be shaped by prior experiences with similar categories. In this study, we investigated whether we could influence category generalisation by inducing different category representations in an A/Non-A categorisation task: Participants either learned about a homogeneous category Non-A or a diverse category Non-A during a priming phase. To better understand the transfer process, we varied the nature of the learning phase from implicit transfer to explicit instructions that actively requested participants to use their prior experiences. We found that while with a homogeneous Non-A representation, generalisation of the A and Non-A categories was equal, the generalisation of category Non-A widened after a priming phase with a diverse representation. In a second experiment, we found that the widening of generalisation of category Non-A occurred when the exemplars in this category were themselves diverse (feature-diverse condition) but not when the category contained distinct exemplars (exemplar-diverse condition). These results suggests that categorisation is influenced by previous categorisation experiences possibly altering the representation of a category. Furthermore, the study gives a hint what kind of heterogeneity is needed to observe the commonly reported broader generalisation of diverse categories. The finding has implications not only to understand the influence of prior experiences on category learning, but any cognitive process that hinges on generalisation.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11181731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Automatic phonological access among bilinguals with cross-script languages. 跨脚本语言的双语者之间的自动语音访问。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231198500

Nan Zhang, Jinglei Ren, Min Wang, Nan Jiang

引用次数: 0

Typing speed and fluency as cues to uncertainty in the real-time production of written messages. 打字速度和流畅性是书面信息实时生成中不确定性的线索。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231200243

Arielle V Elliott, William S Horton

{"title":"Typing speed and fluency as cues to uncertainty in the real-time production of written messages.","authors":"Arielle V Elliott, William S Horton","doi":"10.1177/17470218231200243","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231200243","url":null,"abstract":"In spoken communicative contexts, speakers often convey uncertainty via intonation and through paralinguistic behaviours such as speech rate and gesture-and addressees can use these behaviours to generate inferences about the speaker's epistemic state. In text-based contexts, however, cues of this sort are more restricted. In this study, we examine the expression and reception of epistemic information in the context of real-time written message production. We hypothesised that real-time typing dynamics (like those available in text-based collaborative contexts, such as Google Docs) can function as a rich paralinguistic cue about a partner's epistemic state. In Experiment 1, we collected production data showing that manipulations of typist certainty, instantiated through both the ease of message formulation and repeated experience with the task, are reflected in measures of typing fluency and speed. Then, in Experiment 2, we presented select screen recordings of the typing behaviours from Experiment 1 to a group of independent observers who made epistemic judgements about the typist. Our results show that observable differences in typing speed and fluency contribute to perceptions of typist knowledge and confidence, which has implications for interfaces that enable real-time text-based collaboration.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10113279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eye gaze is not unique: The reversed congruency effect on gaze and tongue targets. 眼睛凝视并不是唯一的：凝视和舌头目标的反向一致性效应。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231203187

Yoshihiko Tanaka, Kenta Ishikawa, Takato Oyama, Matia Okubo

{"title":"Eye gaze is not unique: The reversed congruency effect on gaze and tongue targets.","authors":"Yoshihiko Tanaka, Kenta Ishikawa, Takato Oyama, Matia Okubo","doi":"10.1177/17470218231203187","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231203187","url":null,"abstract":"In the spatial Stroop task, an arrow target produces a spatial Stroop effect, whereas a gaze target elicits a reversed congruency effect. The reversed congruency effect has been explained by the unique attentional mechanisms of eye gaze. However, recent studies have shown that not only gaze but arrow targets produced a reversed congruency effect when embedded in a complex background. The present study investigated whether non-gaze targets produce a reversed congruency effect. In Experiments 1 and 2, we used the tongue, which is not commonly used to indicate spatial directions in daily life, as a target in the spatial Stroop task, in addition to the conventional gaze and arrows. In Experiment 3, we used arrow stimuli embedded in a complex background as a target. Participants judged the left/right direction of the target presented in the left or right visual field. Although arrow and gaze targets replicated previous findings (spatial Stroop and reversed congruency effect, respectively), the tongue target produced a reversed congruency effect (Experiments 1 and 2). The spatial Stroop effect of arrow targets disappeared when they were in a complex background (Experiment 3). These results are inconsistent with previous accounts emphasising the unique status of eye gaze. We propose that temporal decay of the location code and response inhibition are responsible for the reversal of spatial interference.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10229999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lower-level oculomotor deficits in schizophrenia during multi-line reading: Evidence from return-sweeps. 快讯精神分裂症患者在多行阅读时的低级眼球运动障碍：来自回扫的证据。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-27 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231220752

Andriana L Christofalos, Madison Laks, Stephanie Wolfer, Elisa C Dias, Daniel C Javitt, Heather Sheridan

{"title":"Lower-level oculomotor deficits in schizophrenia during multi-line reading: Evidence from return-sweeps.","authors":"Andriana L Christofalos, Madison Laks, Stephanie Wolfer, Elisa C Dias, Daniel C Javitt, Heather Sheridan","doi":"10.1177/17470218231220752","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231220752","url":null,"abstract":"Reading fluency deficits in schizophrenia (Sz) have been attributed to dysfunction in both lower-level, oculomotor processing and higher-level, lexical processing, according to the two-hit deficit model. Given that prior work examining reading deficits in individuals with Sz has primarily focused on single-line and single-word reading tasks, eye movements that are unique to passage reading, such as return-sweep saccades, have not yet been examined in Sz. Return-sweep saccades are large eye movements that are made when readers move from the end of one line to the beginning of the next line during natural passage reading. Examining return-sweeps provides an opportunity to examine lower-level, oculomotor deficits during reading under circumstances when upcoming higher-level, lexical information is not available for visual processing because visual acuity constraints do not permit detailed lexical processing of line-initial words when return-sweeps are programmed. To examine the source of reading deficits in Sz, we analysed an existing data set in which participants read multi-line passages with manipulations to line spacing. Readers with Sz made significantly more return-sweep targeting errors followed by corrective saccades compared with healthy controls. Both groups showed similar effects of line spacing on return-sweep targeting accuracy, suggesting similar sensitivities to visual crowding during reading. Furthermore, the patterns of fixation durations in readers with Sz corroborate prior work indicating reduced parafoveal processing of upcoming words. Together, these findings suggest that lower-level visual and oculomotor dysfunction contribute to reading deficits in Sz, providing support for the two-hit deficit model.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11214805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138488359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting representativeness heuristic classic paradigms: Replication and extensions of nine experiments in Kahneman and Tversky (1972). 表达：重温代表性启发式经典范式：对 Kahneman 和 Tversky（1972 年）中九个实验的复制和扩展。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241255916

Lewend Mayiwar, Kai Hin Wan, Erik Løhre, Gilad Feldman

{"title":"Revisiting representativeness heuristic classic paradigms: Replication and extensions of nine experiments in Kahneman and Tversky (1972).","authors":"Lewend Mayiwar, Kai Hin Wan, Erik Løhre, Gilad Feldman","doi":"10.1177/17470218241255916","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241255916","url":null,"abstract":"Kahneman and Tversky showed that when people make probability judgements, they tend to ignore relevant statistical information (e.g., sample size) and instead rely on a representativeness heuristic, whereby subjective probabilities are influenced by the degree to which a target is perceived as similar to (representative of) a typical example of the relevant population, class or category. Their article has become a cornerstone in many lines of research and has been used to account for various biases in judgement and decision-making. Despite the impact this article has had on theory and practice, there have been no direct replications. In a pre-registered experiment (N = 623; Amazon MTurk on CloudResearch), we conducted a replication and extensions of nine problems from Kahneman and Tversky's 1972 article. We successfully replicated eight out of the nine problems. We extended the replication by examining the consistency of heuristic responses across problems and by examining decision style as a predictor of participants' use of the representativeness heuristic. Materials, data, and code are available on: https://osf.io/nhqc4/.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140945697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond bias: A registered examination of the validity of using line bisection to measure non-lateralised attention. 快讯：超越偏见：对使用线段分割法测量非侧向注意力的有效性进行注册检查。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241254761

Alexandra G Mitchell, Aimal Ahmad Khan, Helen Stocks, Robert D McIntosh

{"title":"Beyond bias: A registered examination of the validity of using line bisection to measure non-lateralised attention.","authors":"Alexandra G Mitchell, Aimal Ahmad Khan, Helen Stocks, Robert D McIntosh","doi":"10.1177/17470218241254761","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241254761","url":null,"abstract":"Line bisection is a task widely used to assess lateral asymmetries of attention, in which participants are asked to mark the midpoint of a horizontal line. The directional bisection error (DBE) from the objective midpoint of the line is the traditional measure of performance. However, an alternative method of studying the bisection behaviour, the endpoint weightings method, has been proposed. This method produces two measures of performance: endpoint weightings bias (EWB) and endpoint weightings sum (EWS). While EWB measures attentional asymmetry, it has been suggested that EWS quantifies the total (non-lateralised) attention allocated to the task. If EWS provides a valid index of non-lateralised attention, then changes in tonic and phasic arousal should systematically affect EWS. In this article, we formally tested this prediction, using time on task to manipulate tonic arousal and unpredictable auditory tones, presented simultaneously with line stimuli, to manipulate phasic arousal. Our registered analyses revealed that neither of our manipulations for tonic or phasic arousal significantly influenced EWS. Therefore, the null hypotheses cannot be rejected. An exploratory analysis of all trials and conditions revealed a significant reduction in EWS with time spent on task. However, the lack of any significant effect of the alerting tone on EWS suggests that EWS may not be a valid measure of generalised attention to the task.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140863724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0