Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology最新文献_第8页

The effect of spatial distance on numerical distance processing. 表达：空间距离对数值距离处理的影响。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241263325

Ido Shichel, Liat Goldfarb

{"title":"The effect of spatial distance on numerical distance processing.","authors":"Ido Shichel, Liat Goldfarb","doi":"10.1177/17470218241263325","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241263325","url":null,"abstract":"The close relationship between numerical and spatial representation has been widely studied. However, little is known regarding the influence of spatial distance on the processing of numerical distance. The purpose of this study was to examine this relationship by employing a modified numerical Stroop task, in which the spatial distance was either congruent or incongruent with the numerical distance. That is, numerical and spatial distances were either compatible with each other or incompatible. Experiment 1 demonstrated that when participants were directly requested to assess the numerical distance, spatial distance influenced task performance, thereby revealing a novel effect-the spatial-numerical distance congruency effect. Experiment 2 demonstrated that these relations are asymmetrical and revealed that numerical distance did not influence spatial distance when the numerical distance was task-irrelevant. Experiment 3 revealed that the spatial-numerical distance congruency effect can also be obtained automatically by employing a numerical comparison task, which is considered a marker for indirect distance processing. In addition, also tested across the three experiments was whether spatial alignment on the screen (i.e., left, centre, and right) can influence the spatial-numerical distance congruency effect. Results revealed that when numbers were presented more naturally (on the left and centre of the screen), a larger effect was obtained compared with when stimuli were presented on the right side. Together, these findings shed new light regarding the relationship between numerical distance and spatial distance and whether and how these aspects influence each other.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of anxiety and its interplay with social cues when perceiving aggressive behaviours. 表达：感知攻击性行为时焦虑及其与社会线索相互作用的影响。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241258209

Fábio Silva, Marta I Garrido, Sandra C Soares

{"title":"The effect of anxiety and its interplay with social cues when perceiving aggressive behaviours.","authors":"Fábio Silva, Marta I Garrido, Sandra C Soares","doi":"10.1177/17470218241258209","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241258209","url":null,"abstract":"Contextual cues and emotional states carry expectations and biases that are used to attribute meaning to what we see. In addition, emotional states, such as anxiety, shape our visual systems, increasing overall, and particularly threat-related, sensitivity. It remains unclear, however, how anxiety interacts with additional cues when categorising sensory input. This is especially important in social scenarios where ambiguous gestures are commonplace, thus requiring the integration of cues for a proper interpretation. To this end, we decided to assess how states of anxiety might bias the perception of potentially aggressive social interactions, and how external cues are incorporated in this process. Participants (N = 71) were tasked with signalling the presence of aggression in ambiguous social interactions. Simultaneously, an observer (facial expression) reacted (by showing an emotional expression) to this interaction. Importantly, participants performed this task under safety and threat of shock conditions. Decision measures and eye-tracking data were collected. Our results showed that threat of shock did not affect sensitivity nor criterion when detecting aggressive interactions. The same pattern was observed for response times. Drift diffusion modelling analysis, however, suggested quicker evidence accumulation when under threat. Finally, dwell times over the observer were higher when under threat, indicating a possible association between anxiety states and a bias towards potentially threat-related indicators. Future probing into this topic remains a necessity to better explain the current findings.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141088163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The phonological store of working memory: A critique and an alternative, perceptual-motor, approach to verbal short-term memory. 表达：工作记忆的语音存储：口头短时记忆的感知-运动方法的批判与替代。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241257885

Robert W Hughes

{"title":"The phonological store of working memory: A critique and an alternative, perceptual-motor, approach to verbal short-term memory.","authors":"Robert W Hughes","doi":"10.1177/17470218241257885","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241257885","url":null,"abstract":"A key quality of a good theory is its fruitfulness, one measure of which might be the degree to which it compels researchers to test it, refine it, or offer alternative explanations of the same empirical data. Perhaps the most fruitful element of Baddeley and Hitch's (1974) Working Memory framework has been the concept of a short-term phonological store, a discrete cognitive module dedicated to the passive storage of verbal material that is architecturally fractionated from perceptual, language, and articulatory systems. This review discusses how the phonological store construct has served as the main theoretical springboard for an alternative perceptual-motor approach in which serial-recall performance reflects the opportunistic co-opting of the articulatory-planning system and, when auditory material is involved, the products of obligatory auditory perceptual organisation. It is argued that this approach, which rejects the need to posit a distinct short-term store, provides a better account of the two putative empirical hallmarks of the phonological store-the phonological similarity effect and the irrelevant speech effect-and that it shows promise too in being able to account for nonword repetition and word-form learning, the supposed evolved function of the phonological store. The neuropsychological literature cited as strong additional support for the phonological store concept is also scrutinised through the lens of the perceptual-motor approach for the first time and a tentative articulatory-planning deficit hypothesis for the \"short-term memory\" patient profile is advanced. Finally, the relation of the perceptual-motor approach to other \"emergent-property\" accounts of short-term memory is briefly considered.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141088166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perception of second language phonetic contrasts by monolinguals and bidialectals: A comparison of competencies. 表达：单语使用者和双方言使用者对第二语言语音对比的感知：能力比较。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241264566

Georgios P Georgiou, Aretousa Giannakou, Katarzyna Alexander

引用次数: 0

Keep clam and carry on: Misperceptions of transposed-letter neighbours. 继续前进对换位字母邻居的误解。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-05 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231196409

Rebecca L Johnson, Cara Koch, Megan Wootten

引用次数: 0

Behind the mask: What the eyes can't tell: Facial emotion recognition in a sample of Italian health care students. 面具背后眼睛看不见的东西：意大利医学生的面部情绪识别。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231198145

Marco Bani, Selena Russo, Stefano Ardenghi, Giulia Rampoldi, Virginia Wickline, Stephen Nowicki, Maria Grazia Strepparava

{"title":"Behind the mask: What the eyes can't tell: Facial emotion recognition in a sample of Italian health care students.","authors":"Marco Bani, Selena Russo, Stefano Ardenghi, Giulia Rampoldi, Virginia Wickline, Stephen Nowicki, Maria Grazia Strepparava","doi":"10.1177/17470218231198145","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231198145","url":null,"abstract":"Wearing a facemask remains a pivotal strategy to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection even after vaccination, but one of the possible costs of this protection is that it may interfere with the ability to read emotion in facial expressions. We explored the extent to which it may be more difficult for participants to read emotions in faces when faces are covered with masks than when they are not, and whether participants' empathy, attachment style, and patient-centred orientation would affect their performance. Medical and nursing students (N = 429) were administered either a masked or unmasked set of 24 adult faces depicting anger, sadness, fear, or happiness. Participants also completed self-report measures of empathy, patient-centredness, and attachment style. As predicted, participants made more errors to the masked than the unmasked faces with the exception of the identification of fear. Of note, when participants missed happiness, they were most likely to see it as sadness, and when they missed anger, they were most likely to see it as happiness. A multiple linear regression analysis showed that more errors identifying emotions in faces was associated with faces being masked as opposed to unmasked, lower scores on the empathy fantasy scale, and higher scores on the fearful attachment style. The findings suggest that wearing facemasks is associated with a variety of negative outcomes that might interfere with the building of positive relationships between health care workers and patients. Those who teach student health care workers would benefit from bringing this finding into their curriculum and training.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10594876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Testing for canonical form orientation in speech tempo perception. 测试语音节奏感知中的典型形式定向

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231198344

Leendert Plug, Robert Lennon, Rachel Smith

{"title":"Testing for canonical form orientation in speech tempo perception.","authors":"Leendert Plug, Robert Lennon, Rachel Smith","doi":"10.1177/17470218231198344","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231198344","url":null,"abstract":"We report on two experiments that aimed to test the hypothesis that English listeners orient to full pronunciation forms-\"canonical forms\"-in judging the tempo of speech that features deletions. If listeners orient to canonical forms, this should mean that the perceived tempo of speech containing deletions is highly relative to the speech's articulation rate calculated on the basis of surface phone strings. We used controlled stimuli to test this hypothesis. We created sentences with one ambiguous word form (for example, support~sport), to give half of the listeners an orthographic form that includes support and the other half an otherwise identical orthographic form with sport. In both experiments, listeners judged the tempo of the sentences, which allowed us to assess whether the difference in imposed interpretation had an impact on perceived tempo. Experiment 1 used a tempo rating task in which listeners evaluated the tempo of experimental stimuli relative to comparison stimuli, on a continuous scale. Experiment 2 used a tempo comparison task in which listeners judged whether second members of stimulus pairs were slower or faster than first members. Both experiments revealed the predicted effect of the imposed word interpretation: sentences with an imposed \"schwa\" interpretation for the ambiguous word form were judged faster than (the same) sentences with an imposed \"no schwa\" interpretation. However, in both experiments the effect was small and variables related to the experimental design had significant effects on responses. We discuss the results' implications for our understanding of speech tempo perception.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11181739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10232240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When phonological neighbours cooperate during spoken sentence processing. 在口语句子处理过程中，当语音邻域合作时。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-05 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231196823

Sophie Dufour, Jonathan Mirault, Jonathan Grainger

{"title":"When phonological neighbours cooperate during spoken sentence processing.","authors":"Sophie Dufour, Jonathan Mirault, Jonathan Grainger","doi":"10.1177/17470218231196823","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231196823","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined for the first time the impact of the presence of a phonological neighbour on word recognition when the target word and its neighbour co-occur in a spoken sentence. To do so, we developed a new task, the verb detection task, in which participants were instructed to respond as soon as they detected a verb in a sequence of words, thus allowing us to probe spoken word recognition processes in real time. We found that participants were faster at detecting a verb when it was phonologically related to the preceding noun than when it was phonologically unrelated. This effect was found with both correct sentences (Experiment 1) and with ungrammatical sequences of words (Experiment 2). The effect was also found in Experiment 3 where adjacent phonologically related words were included in the non-verb condition (i.e., word sequences not containing a verb), thus ruling out any strategic influences. These results suggest that activation persists across different words during spoken sentence processing such that processing of a word at position n + 1 benefits from the sublexical phonology activated during processing of the word at position n. We discuss how different models of spoken word recognition might be able (or not) to account for these findings.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10161943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the role of disgust in hands and feet laterality judgement tasks. EXPRESS：探索厌恶在手脚偏侧判断任务中的作用。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231207336

Federico Brusa, Mustafa Suphi Erden, Anna Sedda

引用次数: 0

Insight and non-insight problem solving: A heart rate variability study. 洞察力和非洞察力问题的解决：心率变异性研究。

IF 1.7 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231202519

Hans Stuyck, Febe Demeyer, Christo Bratanov, Axel Cleeremans, Eva Van den Bussche

{"title":"Insight and non-insight problem solving: A heart rate variability study.","authors":"Hans Stuyck, Febe Demeyer, Christo Bratanov, Axel Cleeremans, Eva Van den Bussche","doi":"10.1177/17470218231202519","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231202519","url":null,"abstract":"Occasionally, problems are solved with a sudden Aha! moment (insight), while the mundane approach to solving problems is analytical (non-insight). At first glance, non-insight appears to depend on the availability and taxation of cognitive resources to execute the step-by-step approach, whereas insight does not, or to a lesser extent. However, this remains debated. To investigate the reliance of both solution types on cognitive resources, we assessed the involvement of the prefrontal cortex using vagally mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) as an index. Participants (N = 68) solved 70 compound remote associates word puzzles solvable with insight and non-insight. Before, during, and after solving the word puzzles, we measured the vmHRV. Our results showed that resting-state vmHRV (trait) showed a negative association with behavioural performance for both solution types. This might reflect inter-individual differences in inhibitory control. As the solution search requires one to think of remote associations, inhibitory control might hamper rather than aid this process. Furthermore, we observed, for both solution types, a vmHRV increase from resting-state to solution search (state), lingering on in the post-task recovery period. This could mark the increase of prefrontal resources to promote an open-minded stance, essential for divergent thinking, which arguably is crucial for this task. Our findings suggest that, at a general level, both solution types share common aspects. However, a closer analysis of early and late solutions and puzzle difficulty suggested that metacognitive differentiation between insight and non-insight improved with higher trait vmHRV, and that a unique association between trait vmHRV and puzzle difficulty was present for each solution type.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10180627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0