Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology最新文献_第7页

The irrepressible influence of vocal stereotypes on trust. EXPRESS：声乐刻板印象对信任的不可抑制的影响。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231211549

Ilaria Torre, Laurence White, Jeremy Goslin, Sarah Knight

{"title":"The irrepressible influence of vocal stereotypes on trust.","authors":"Ilaria Torre, Laurence White, Jeremy Goslin, Sarah Knight","doi":"10.1177/17470218231211549","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231211549","url":null,"abstract":"There is a reciprocal relationship between trust and vocal communication in human interactions. On one hand, a predisposition towards trust is necessary for communication to be meaningful and effective. On the other hand, we use vocal cues to signal our own trustworthiness and to infer it from the speech of others. Research on trustworthiness attributions to vocal characteristics is scarce and contradictory, however, being typically based on explicit judgements which may not predict actual trust-oriented behaviour. We use a game theory paradigm to examine the influence of speaker accent and prosody on trusting behaviour towards a simulated game partner, who responds either trustworthily or untrustworthily in an investment game. We found that speaking in a non-regional standard accent increases trust, as does relatively slow articulation rate. The effect of accent persists over time, despite the accumulation of clear evidence regarding the speaker's level of trustworthiness in a negotiated interaction. Accents perceived as positive for trust can maintain this benefit even in the face of behavioural evidence of untrustworthiness.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1957-1966"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11448076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating people's metacognitive insight into their own face abilities. EXPRESS:调查人们对自己面部能力的元认知洞察力。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-16 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231218662

Robin Ss Kramer, Jeremy J Tree

{"title":"Investigating people's metacognitive insight into their own face abilities.","authors":"Robin Ss Kramer, Jeremy J Tree","doi":"10.1177/17470218231218662","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231218662","url":null,"abstract":"Within the domain of face processing, researchers have been interested in quantifying the relationship between objective (i.e., performance on laboratory tests of recognition and matching) and subjective measures of ability (typically, self-report questionnaires). Put simply, do people show high levels of metacognitive insight into their own abilities with faces? Although several studies have suggested that the association between these two types of measures may only be moderate, there remain several important issues that require consideration before this question can be sensibly investigated. First, specificity is needed regarding both objective and subjective measurements because both tend to span a wide range of potentially separable abilities. Second, experimental tasks appear to focus on different contexts to those tapped in self-report questionnaire items. Third, recent issues with statistical approaches and visualisation can result in numerical artefacts and misinterpretations. Finally, the sizes of population-level insights suggested by recent work provide only limited information regarding individuals within these populations, and so researchers aiming to identify people at the extremes of ability must be careful when drawing conclusions. Taken together, we argue that more attention to these issues is needed when attempting to investigate metacognitive insight within this domain.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1949-1956"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11447997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138299827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Navigating the mind's eye: Understanding gaze shifts in visuospatial bootstrapping. 快讯导航心灵之眼：理解视觉空间引导中的目光转移。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241282426

Teodor Y Nikolov, Richard J Allen, Jelena Havelka, Stephen Darling, Baz van de Vegte, Candice C Morey

{"title":"Navigating the mind's eye: Understanding gaze shifts in visuospatial bootstrapping.","authors":"Teodor Y Nikolov, Richard J Allen, Jelena Havelka, Stephen Darling, Baz van de Vegte, Candice C Morey","doi":"10.1177/17470218241282426","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241282426","url":null,"abstract":"Visuospatial bootstrapping refers to the well-replicated phenomena in which serial recall in a purely verbal task is boosted by presenting digits within the familiar spatial layout of a typical telephone keypad. The visuospatial bootstrapping phenomena indicates that additional support comes from long-term knowledge of a fixed spatial pattern, and prior experimentation supports the idea that access to this benefit depends on the availability of the visuospatial motor system. We investigate this by tracking participants' eye movements during encoding and retention of verbal lists to learn whether gaze patterns support verbal memory differently when verbal information is presented in the familiar visual layout. Participants' gaze was recorded during attempts to recall lists of seven digits in three formats: centre of the screen, typical telephone keypad, or a spatially identical layout with randomised number placement. Performance was better with the typical than with the novel layout. Our data show that eye movements differ when encoding and retaining verbal information that has a familiar layout compared with the same verbal information presented in a novel layout, suggesting recruitment of different spatial rehearsal strategies. However, no clear link between gaze pattern and recall accuracy was observed, which suggests that gazes play a limited role in retention, at best.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241282426"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Context and semantic object properties interact to support recognition memory. 表达：语境和语义对象属性相互作用，支持识别记忆。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241283028

Shirley Pandya, Victoria I Nicholls, Alexandra Krugliak, Simon W Davis, Alex Clarke

引用次数: 0

The assessment of attentional bias to cleanliness stimuli in different versions of the dot-probe task: Evidence for a motivational account. EXPRESS：在不同版本的点探测任务中评估对清洁刺激的注意偏差：动机解释的证据。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241281694

Merve Boğa, Dirk Wentura

{"title":"The assessment of attentional bias to cleanliness stimuli in different versions of the dot-probe task: Evidence for a motivational account.","authors":"Merve Boğa, Dirk Wentura","doi":"10.1177/17470218241281694","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241281694","url":null,"abstract":"Vogt et al. (2011) investigated the role of goal-relevance in attention. Specifically, they induced the emotional state of disgust and showed an attentional bias (AB) to goal-related stimuli (i.e., cleanliness pictures) using the dot-probe task. In two experiments, we tested (a) an alternative interpretation and (b) the role of an important methodological feature of the dot-probe task. As the effect can be interpreted alternatively as affective counter-regulation (i.e., cleanliness-related pictures attracted attention because they are positive in the negative disgust state), we added positive stimuli to test whether the AB in the disgust state extends to these stimuli. In Experiment 1, we used the location dot-probe task. That is, participants had to categorise the location of the target. It can be argued that this task confounds attentional processes with response priming processes. In Experiment 2, we used a discrimination dot-probe task, that is, participants had to categorise a target feature that varied orthogonally to location, thus eliminating the confound. In Experiment 1, we did not replicate the effect of emotional state on AB for cleanliness stimuli, whereas in Experiment 2, we did. Mean AB scores for positive stimuli were not affected by emotional state. Two conclusions were drawn: First, the result of Experiment 2 supports the motivational account of Vogt and colleagues. Second, the results support the use of the discrimination task for both theoretical reasons (i.e., effects can be more clearly interpreted as based on attentional processes) and empirical reasons (i.e., the location task did not replicate the expected pattern).","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241281694"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of animacy in language production: evidence from bare noun naming. 表达：灵性在语言生成中的作用：来自裸名词命名的证据。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241281868

Yufang Wang, Jurriaan Witteman, Niels O Schiller

{"title":"The role of animacy in language production: evidence from bare noun naming.","authors":"Yufang Wang, Jurriaan Witteman, Niels O Schiller","doi":"10.1177/17470218241281868","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241281868","url":null,"abstract":"According to Levelt's language production model, to name an object, speakers must first conceptualise and lexicalise the object before its name can be articulated. Conceptualisation is conducted through the semantic network that exists at the conceptual level, with the highly activated concept(s) activating lexical items at the lemma level, that is, lexicalisation. So far, research focused mostly on semantic categories (i.e., semantic interference) but less so on animacy-a concept that is correlated with semantic categories. To investigate the role of this semantic feature in language production, we conducted a picture-word interference study in Mandarin Chinese, varying animacy congruency and controlling for classifier congruency while recording behavioural and electrophysiological responses. We observed an animacy interference effect together with a larger N400 component for animacy-incongruent versus congruent picture-word pairs, suggesting animacy-congruent concepts may be in closer proximity and hence lead to a stronger spreading of activation relative to animacy-incongruent concepts. Furthermore, a larger P600 component was observed for classifier-incongruent versus classifier-congruent picture-word pairs, suggesting syntactically driven processing of classifiers at the lemma level.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241281868"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of inhibitory control in adults' mathematical equivalence knowledge. 表达：抑制控制在成人数学等价知识中的作用。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241280941

Amanda Grenell, Emily R Fyfe

引用次数: 0

Implicit learning in children and adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorders: Exploring the effects of individual differences. 表达：患有和未患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童和青少年的内隐学习：探索个体差异的影响。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241281639

Adamantia Ziva, Eleni Ziori

{"title":"Implicit learning in children and adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorders: Exploring the effects of individual differences.","authors":"Adamantia Ziva, Eleni Ziori","doi":"10.1177/17470218241281639","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241281639","url":null,"abstract":"Implicit learning plays an important role in the acquisition of various skills that are often deficient in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study examines the implicit learning ability of children and adolescents with ASD, by comparing it to that of a typical group of peers, using the Artificial Grammar Learning (AGL) task. In addition, this study investigates whether the above ability is associated with individual characteristics, namely intelligence quotient (IQ), ASD symptoms severity, and individual perception style (global/holistic or local/focused). The sample consisted of 20 individuals with mild to relatively severe ASD symptoms and 20 age- and gender-matched typically developing (TD) individuals. The unconscious (implicit) nature of learning was assessed via a subjective measure, the \"no-loss gambling\" method, which allows an unbiased evaluation of the confidence accompanying each judgement. The results provided evidence of implicit learning, which was preserved in the ASD group, although reduced relative to the typical group. Multiple linear regressions with interaction terms between group and participants' scores on the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI), the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), and performance on a Navon-type task examined whether the possible relationships between each of the above scores and AGL and implicit learning differ in the two groups. Implicit learning was not significantly associated with IQ, ASD symptoms severity, or individual perception style (except for perception style in terms of reaction times [RTs] for the TD group). These results confirm and extend earlier findings supporting the resilience of implicit learning to individual differences.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241281639"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: Stratified Distributional Analysis - a Novel Perspective on RT Distributions. EXPRESS：分层分布分析 - RT 分布的新视角。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241288516

Rüdiger Thul, Joseph Marsh, Ton Dijkstra, Kathy C Conklin

{"title":"EXPRESS: Stratified Distributional Analysis - a Novel Perspective on RT Distributions.","authors":"Rüdiger Thul, Joseph Marsh, Ton Dijkstra, Kathy C Conklin","doi":"10.1177/17470218241288516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241288516","url":null,"abstract":"Response times and their distributions serve as a powerful lens into cognitive processes. We present a novel statistical methodology called Stratified Distributional Analysis (SDA) to quantitatively assess how key determinants of response times (word frequency and length) shape their distributions. Taking advantage of the availability of millions of lexical decision response times in the English Lexicon Project and the British Lexicon Project, we made important advances into the theoretical issue of linking response times and word frequency by analysing RT distributions as a function of word frequency and word length. We tested these distributions against the lognormal, Wald, and Gamma distributions and three measures of word occurrence (word form frequencies obtained from subtitles and contextual diversity as operationalized as discourse contextual diversity and user contextual diversity). We found that the RT distributions were best described by a lnorm distribution across both megastudies when word occurrence was quantified by a contextual diversity measure. The link between the lnorm distribution and its generative process highlights the power of SDA in elucidating mechanisms that govern the generation of RTs through the fitting of probability distributions. Using a hierarchical Bayesian framework, SDA yielded posterior distributions for the distributional parameters at the single-participant level, enabling probabilistic predictions of response times as a function of word frequency and word length, which has the potential to serve as a diagnostic tool to uncover idiosyncratic features of word processing. Crucially, while we applied our parsimonious methodology to lexical decision response times, it is applicable to a variety of tasks such as word-naming and eye-tracking data.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241288516"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Familiarity with non-famous faces increases "person misidentification". 快讯熟悉非著名面孔会增加 "人物误认"。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241280942

Daisuke Shimane, Hiroshi Miura, Yuji Itoh

{"title":"Familiarity with non-famous faces increases \"person misidentification\".","authors":"Daisuke Shimane, Hiroshi Miura, Yuji Itoh","doi":"10.1177/17470218241280942","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241280942","url":null,"abstract":"People sometimes mistakenly identify an unknown person they encounter as a known person. Previous studies have elucidated this phenomenon and revealed that it is a common experience. However, no experimental study has identified factors associated with its occurrence. We termed this relatively under-examined phenomenon as \"person misidentification\" and examined its factors. Specifically, we focused on (1) establishing experimental procedures to detect person misidentification in a laboratory context and (2) investigating the mechanism by which visual familiarity with the encountered unknown faces contributes to person misidentification. The results indicated that the developed procedure measured 247 misidentifications in 72 of 106 participants in all experiments. Although the effect of familiarity on person misidentification was not observed in Experiment 1, this effect was detected in Experiment 2, where the manipulation of familiarity was enhanced and confirmed. Concretely, unknown faces with familiarity enhanced by subliminal exposure were more frequently misidentified as another known person. This indicates that familiarity with an encountered face contributes to and induces person misidentification. In addition, the results demonstrated that similarities, especially in terms of hairstyle, between the encountered face and the misidentified known person might be related to its occurrence. These results have rich implications and expand the literature on face processing.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241280942"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0