Cortex最新文献

{"title":"Cover figure","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0010-9452(25)00129-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0010-9452(25)00129-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"187 ","pages":"Page e1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Never mind the repeat: How speech expectations reduce tracking at the cocktail party","authors":"Thaiz Sánchez-Costa ,&nbsp;Alejandra Carboni ,&nbsp;Francisco Cervantes Constantino","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When the brain focuses on a conversation in a noisy environment, it exploits past experience to prioritize relevant elements from the auditory scene. This prompts the question of what changes occur in the selective neural processing of speech mixtures as listeners garner prior experience about single speech objects. In three different priming experiments, we quantified cortical selection of temporal landmarks from continuous speech, applying the temporal response function (TRF) method to single-trial electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. The designs specifically addressed how attention interacts with exact (Experiment 1), voice (Experiment 2a), or message (Experiment 2b) content priming of the target or background speakers in cortical responses to speech. Our results demonstrate that, during multispeaker listening, attentional gains typical of cortical responses under speech selection are met with attenuations as a consequence of prior experience. The changes were observed at the P2 processing stage (220–320 msec) of speech envelope onset processing and were specific to responses to primed speech targets (Experiment 1). Suppressions at stages earlier than the P2, or under partial priming conditions (Experiments 2a and 2b), were not observed. An exploratory analysis suggests the observed P2 reduction predicts listeners' ability to report target words, consistent with this component encoding in part temporal prediction error about onset edge cues exclusive to target speech. Our results show that at this late and definitive stage of selective attention, the auditory system may test the evidence for its own predictive model of the noise-invariant speech stream. Precise inference of its temporal structure is bound to tag all checkpoints where auditory evidence can be most reliably connected into higher-order representations of continuous speech.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"189 ","pages":"Pages 1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered orienting of visuospatial attention in patients with vestibular disorders","authors":"Roberto Gammeri ,&nbsp;Sergio Lucisano ,&nbsp;Claudio Zavattaro ,&nbsp;Hilary Serra ,&nbsp;Emanuele Cirillo ,&nbsp;Selene Schintu ,&nbsp;Anna Berti ,&nbsp;Marco Boldreghini ,&nbsp;Andrea Albera ,&nbsp;Roberto Albera ,&nbsp;Raffaella Ricci","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.04.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.04.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The vestibular system, one of the earliest sensory systems in vertebrates, is crucial for encoding head and trunk movements. Research in stroke patients with spatial attention deficits and studies manipulating vestibular signals in healthy individuals suggest that the vestibular system is also involved in orienting visuospatial attention. However, the specific interactions between vestibular and attentional systems and the consequences of vestibular pathologies on attentional functions are still poorly understood.</div><div>In this study, we investigated the impact of vestibular disorders on the orienting of automatic (exogenous) and voluntary (endogenous) attention in patients (<em>N</em> = 16) with acute (AVS), episodic (EVS) or chronic (CVS) vestibular syndromes, who were compared to a control group (<em>N</em> = 16) of age-matched healthy participants. The two groups were assessed using endogenous and exogenous versions of the Posner cueing task. Cognitive functioning and anxiety were evaluated with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), respectively.</div><div>Vestibular patients exhibited selective impairments in maintaining voluntary attention in the endogenous task, particularly those with EVS and CVS, compared to the controls. In addition, vestibular alterations influenced the automatic right-lateralized attention system, as evidenced by a reduced rightward attentional bias in the exogenous task in vestibular patients. Anxiety, aging, or the overall cognitive function did not influence the observed attention deficits.</div><div>The evidence that vestibular disorders differentially affect voluntary and automatic orienting of visuospatial attention has relevant implications for the assessment and treatment of patients with vestibular disorders, the rehabilitation of stroke patients with spatial attention deficits, and space research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"188 ","pages":"Pages 69-80"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraindividual variability in daily cognitive performance is associated with white matter organization of the superior longitudinal fasciculus in healthy adults","authors":"Jake Burnett ,&nbsp;Annalee L. Cobden ,&nbsp;Alex Burmester ,&nbsp;Hamed Akhlaghi ,&nbsp;Juan F. Domínguez D ,&nbsp;Karen Caeyenberghs","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.04.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Behavioural studies have traditionally focused on mean differences in cognitive performance between individuals, often regarding fluctuations within individuals over time as measurement error. However, recent research emphasizes that cognition is inherently dynamic, exhibiting high within-person variability over time. This intraindividual variability (IIV) has been suggested as an important marker of attentional control and brain functioning. Stability of attentional control is supported by the organisation of fronto-parietal white matter (WM) tracts, such as the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). In the present study, we investigate the relationship between IIV in daily cognitive performance and fibre-specific WM characteristics of the SLF in 30 healthy adults (aged 21–62 years, 19 females). Participants underwent a diffusion MRI scan followed by daily ecological momentary assessment (EMA) of working memory and processing speed over a 30-day period. Using the fixel-based analysis (FBA) framework, we investigated the association between IIV in cognitive performance and microstructural fibre density (FD) and macrostructural fibre cross section (FC) of the SLF. Our results revealed a high degree of IIV across each task, particularly for working memory tasks. Moreover, higher IIV was associated with lower average performance for working memory but not processing speed tasks. Finally, higher IIV and lower mean performance for visual working memory were associated with decreased WM fibre microstructure and macrostructure. Our findings indicate that variation in WM micro/macrostructure of a fronto-parietal pathway may play a role in supporting the stability of cognitive performance over time, highlighting its potential as a marker for understanding cognitive dynamics in healthy and clinical populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"188 ","pages":"Pages 85-100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissociation of seen and not seen in a blind person","authors":"Marina Boban ,&nbsp;Luciana Koren ,&nbsp;Andro Koren ,&nbsp;Antonela Bazina Martinovic","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"188 ","pages":"Pages 81-84"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using unsupervised dimensionality reduction to identify lesion patterns predictive of post-stroke aphasia severity","authors":"Emerson Kropp ,&nbsp;Maria Varkanitsa ,&nbsp;Nicole Carvalho ,&nbsp;Isaac Falconer ,&nbsp;Anne Billot ,&nbsp;Mohammad Al-Dabbagh ,&nbsp;Swathi Kiran","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.04.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.04.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although voxel-based methods consistently identify brain regions associated with specific language functions, these techniques are limited when applied to broader behavioral measures. To better represent effects of lesions on distributed brain regions, we used a data-driven approach called non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to identify representative stroke patterns and explore associations with aphasia severity. Lesions were segmented using structural MRIs for 107 left hemisphere stroke patients, and the Western Aphasia Battery - Revised Aphasia Quotient (AQ) was used to quantify aphasia severity. Percent spared tissue was calculated in left hemisphere white and gray matter regions. By applying NMF to spared tissue data, we identified 5 NMF ‘atoms’ which represent prototypical stroke patterns across this dataset. Linear regression was used to identify whether certain stroke patterns were associated with aphasia severity, adjusted for lesion volume and demographics. Two NMF atoms showed relevance in predicting AQ: strokes with low spared tissue across the whole MCA territory were associated with more severe aphasia, but strokes with high spared tissue around the insula were associated with less severe aphasia. We also identified a pattern of high spared tissue in superior fronto-parietal regions, where lesion volume was more strongly associated with severity as a result of isolating damage to more critical language areas. These representative stroke patterns offer a new way to combine information about lesion burden and location and explore anatomical associations with language dysfunction in stroke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"188 ","pages":"Pages 25-41"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The causal neural substrates underpinning prospective and retrospective sense of agency","authors":"Amber Pryke ,&nbsp;Krishnapriya Jayachandran ,&nbsp;Andrew K. Martin","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.04.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.04.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sense of agency (SoA) is the subjective feeling of authorship experienced over one’s actions and their subsequent sensory outcomes. Despite extensive theoretical accounts of this experience, there remains a dearth of literature investigating its causal neural substrates. To address this, we modulated neural activity of two regions thought to be critical to the agentic experience, namely the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (l-dlPFC), and the left temporoparietal junction (l-TPJ). In a sham-controlled, double-blinded, crossover study 104 healthy young adults were stratified to receive anodal stimulation to either the l-dlPFC or the l-TPJ whilst completing an implicit SoA task. Participants performed either an action or outcome binding paradigm in which both prospective (action choice) and retrospective (outcome valence) agency cues were manipulated. Stimulation to the l-TPJ and l-dlPFC produced divergent effects on intentional binding. In the outcome binding condition specifically, anodal stimulation to either target region increased the difference in intentional binding scores between rewarding and punishing action outcomes. We also observed a dissociable, causal role for both the l-dlPFC and l-TPJ on intentional binding, identifying binding specific, but not site specific, effects related to outcome valence. We propose that excitatory stimulation may upregulate the attentional processes relevant to intentional binding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"188 ","pages":"Pages 53-67"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Definition: Simultanagnosia","authors":"Silvia Primativo ,&nbsp;Randi Starrfelt","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"188 ","pages":"Page 68"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pleasure that lasts: Convergent neural processes underpin comfort with prolonged gentle stroking","authors":"Xiaoqin Cheng ,&nbsp;Burkhard Maess ,&nbsp;Annett Schirmer","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.04.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While many pleasures in life are short-lived, the pleasure we derive from being gently touched or caressed seems fairly durable, extending for minutes to hours. Here, we examined how the brain adapts to extended tactile stimulation and staves off affective habituation. For 60 min, participants were presented with soft brushstrokes at slow, intermediate, and fast velocities to their left forearm. We recorded the electroencephalogram and asked participants to rate touch pleasantness. Ratings and the sN400, a somatosensory event-related potential, depended on velocity in an inverted u-shaped manner pointing to their sensitivity to CT targeted touch. Both measures were largely unaffected by time on task. Rolandic power decreased for faster velocities indexing enhanced somatosensory cortex activation. This effect declined across repeated stimulation especially for the fastest stroking pointing to a habituation of Aβ driven tactile representations. Together, these and other results imply that CT and Aβ related processes respond differently to prolonged tactile stimulation allowing CT signals to become relatively amplified in unfolding somatosensory representations. Such a relative amplification could be central for promoting extended physical contact, which is typical for close human relationships and which benefits health and well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"188 ","pages":"Pages 13-24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The neural time course of size constancy in natural scenes","authors":"Lu-Chun Yeh ,&nbsp;Surya Gayet ,&nbsp;Daniel Kaiser ,&nbsp;Marius V. Peelen","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.04.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.04.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate real-world size perception relies on size constancy, a mechanism that integrates an object's retinal size with distance information. The neural time course of extracting pictorial distance cues from scenes and integrating them with retinal size information - a process referred to as scene-based size constancy - remains unknown. In two experiments, participants viewed objects with either large or small retinal sizes, presented at near or far distances in outdoor scene photographs, while performing an unrelated one-back task. We applied multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) to time-resolved EEG data to decode the retinal size of large versus small objects, depending on their distance (near versus far) in the scenes. The objects were either perceptually similar in size (large-near versus small-far) or perceptually dissimilar in size (large-far versus small-near), reflecting size constancy. We found that the retinal size of objects could be decoded from 80 ms after scene onset onwards. Distance information modulated size decoding at least 120 ms later: from 200 ms after scene onset when objects were fixated, and from 280 ms when objects were viewed in the periphery. These findings reveal the neural time course of size constancy based on pictorial distance cues in natural scenes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"188 ","pages":"Pages 1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}