Cortex最新文献

{"title":"Alterations of the pulvinar in posterior cortical atrophy: A multimodal MRI study","authors":"Jun Wang ,&nbsp;Wuhai Tao ,&nbsp;Min Chu ,&nbsp;Deming Jiang ,&nbsp;Li Liu ,&nbsp;Yue Cui ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Yihao Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Han ,&nbsp;Caishui Yang ,&nbsp;Liyong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although the pulvinar is known for its visual function and extensive connections with cortical areas, the volumetric change and functional connectivity of the pulvinar in posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify functional and volumetric changes of the pulvinar in PCA patients and the relevant associations with higher visual dysfunction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 29 patients with PCA and 30 normal controls were recruited. Each participant underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and both structural and resting-state functional MRI scanning. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and seed-based functional connectivity analyses were conducted to assess pulvinar gray matter volume as well as functional connectivity between the pulvinar and whole brain regions. A partial correlation analysis was performed to analyze neuropsychological tests and pulvinar imaging data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cognitive and visual functions including visuospatial processing, visual perception, episodic memory, and naming were impaired among PCA patients. Marked pulvinar atrophy was noted in PCA patients. Furthermore, functional connectivity between the pulvinar and precuneus was significantly decreased in PCA patients as compared to normal controls (FWE corrected; <em>P</em> &lt; .001). Gray matter volume of the left pulvinar was found to associate with object agnosia (<em>r</em> = .53, <em>P</em> = .005) and prosopagnosia (<em>r</em> = .54, <em>P</em> = .005) among PCA patients. Gray matter volume of the right pulvinar was found to be associated with the Clinical Dementia Rating scale (<em>r</em> = −.52, <em>P</em> = .006) and Activities of Daily Living (<em>r</em> = −.59, <em>P</em> = .002) scores. Prosopagnosia correlated positively to the functional connectivity of the left pulvinar and left middle temporal.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings support pulvinar degeneration and its contributions in PCA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 311-321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the road with Cortex","authors":"Roberto Cubelli","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 292-294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142568030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cotard's syndrome before Cotard: A commentary on Connors et al. (2024): Delusions in postpartum psychosis: Implications for cognitive theories","authors":"Brian A. Sharpless ,&nbsp;Jan Dirk Blom","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 305-307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover figure","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0010-9452(24)00319-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0010-9452(24)00319-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Page e1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cotard syndrome across time and place","authors":"Michael H. Connors ,&nbsp;Peter W. Halligan","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 308-310"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142709343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural correlates of phantom motor execution: A functional neuroimaging systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Kevin Pacheco-Barrios ,&nbsp;Robin Emily Heemels ,&nbsp;Daniela Martinez-Magallanes ,&nbsp;Marianna Daibes ,&nbsp;Cristina Naqui-Xicota ,&nbsp;Maria Andrade ,&nbsp;Felipe Fregni","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phantom motor execution (PME) shows promise as a new treatment for phantom limb pain (PLP) by inducing motor-related analgesia and retraining the pain network activation. However, the current understanding of the neural correlates underlying PME is limited. Databases were systematically searched for multimodal neuroimaging studies to explore the neural correlates of PME. A narrative synthesis (17 studies, <em>n</em> = 328) and coordinate-based meta-analysis were performed to identify activation commonalities. Contrasting PME-vs-REST revealed differential activation of the supplementary motor area (SMA), post-central gyrus, and dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus; while PME-vs-ME revealed differential activation of the right anterior insula, anterior cingulate, left amygdala, and right striatum. Further narrative synthesis revealed a positive correlation between PME-induced brain activity and PLP intensity, and a specific connectivity pattern during PME on the SMA–M1 network compared to ME and motor imagery. Our results suggest that the PME represents a distinct type of motor network activation, partially overlapping with ME and motor imagery activations but with special activation of interoceptive regulation and mood-related regions. Thus, confirming its potential as a therapeutic approach for PLP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 295-304"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142260913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thank you and goodbye","authors":"Sergio Della Sala","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 290-291"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Don't think of a pink elephant: Individual differences in visualisation predict involuntary imagery and its neural correlates","authors":"Derek H. Arnold ,&nbsp;Mary Hutchinson ,&nbsp;Loren N. Bouyer ,&nbsp;D. Samuel Schwarzkopf ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Pellicano ,&nbsp;Blake W. Saurels","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.10.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.10.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There are substantial differences in the capacity of people to have imagined visual experiences, ranging from a lifelong inability (Congenital Aphantasia) to people who report having imagined experiences that are as vivid as actually seeing (Hyper-Phantasia). While Congenital Aphantasia has typically been framed as a cognitive deficit, it is possible that a weak or absent ability to have imagined visual sensations is balanced by a heightened resistance to intrusive thoughts – which are experienced as an imagined sensation. Here, we report on a direct test of that proposition. We asked people to either imagine, or to try <em>not</em> to imagine having a range of audio and visual experiences while we recorded their brain activity with electroencephalography (EEG). Ratings describing the subjective vividness of different people's voluntary visualisations predicted if they would also report having involuntary visualisations – such as an imagined experience of seeing a pink elephant when they were asked not to. Both the prevalence of different people's involuntary visualisations and the typical vividness of their visualisations could be predicted by neural correlates of disinhibition, working memory, and neural feedback. Our data suggest that the propensity of people to have involuntary visual experiences can scale with the subjective intensity of their typical experiences of visualisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"183 ","pages":"Pages 53-65"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Violation of auditory regularities is reflected in pupil dynamics","authors":"Hamit Basgol ,&nbsp;Peter Dayan ,&nbsp;Volker H. Franz","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.10.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.10.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The brain builds and maintains internal models and uses them to make predictions. When predictions are violated, the current model can either be updated or replaced by a new model. The latter is accompanied by pupil dilation responses (PDRs) related to locus coeruleus activity/norepinephrine release (LC-NE). Following earlier research, we investigated PDRs associated with transitions between regular and random patterns of tones in auditory sequences. We presented these sequences to participants and instructed them to find gaps (to maintain attention). Transitions from regular to random patterns induced PDRs, suggesting that an internal model attuned to the regular pattern is reset. Transitions from one regular pattern to another regular pattern also induced PDRs, suggesting that they also led to a model reset. In contrast, transitions from random patterns to regular patterns did not induce PDRs, suggesting a gradual update of model parameters. We modelled these findings, using pupil response functions to show how ongoing PDRs and pupil event rates were sensitive to the trial-by-trial changes in the information content of the auditory sequences. Expanding on previous research, we suggest that PDRs—as biomarkers for LC-NE activation—may indicate the extent of prediction violations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"183 ","pages":"Pages 66-86"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How fear conditioning affects the visuocortical processing of context cues in humans. Evidence from steady state visual evoked responses","authors":"Alejandro Santos-Mayo ,&nbsp;Stephan Moratti","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous research has focused on how different environments modulate fear learning and the accompanying prioritization of acquired threat cues in sensory cortices. Here, we focus on the other side of the coin and show how the acquisition of threat relevance influences the sensory processing of the environment and an associated context cue. Thereby, we observed that spatial suppression surrounding the focus of threat relevant cues extended by threat learning. By recording frequency-tagged steady-state visual evoked fields (ssVEFs) from 35 healthy participants using Magnetoencephalography (MEG), we replicate earlier findings that centrally presented acquired threat-relevant cues (CS+) evoke greater ssVEF responses, whereas visuocortical engagement during the processing of threat-irrelevant cues (CS-) is inhibited. Critically, as predicted by early computational models of threat learning such as the Rescorla-Wagner model, ssVEF responses to an inter-trial peripheral background flicker (context cue), when no CS was shown, increased linearly during learning. In contrast, visuocortical engagement in the early-tier visual cortex during the processing of the background flicker was strongly reduced during CS presentation in the last learning block. This effect was observed during maximal CS+ and CS- discrimination. However, in more anterior ventral visual cortex, the inhibition of oscillatory responses of the context cue occurred only during CS + trials, whereas during CS- trials, background ssVEF responses were increased. These results are in line with the notion that attentional resources are reallocated flexibly between cues of different threat relevance and that the spatial extension of center surround neuronal competition can be modulated by threat learning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"183 ","pages":"Pages 21-37"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}