Cortex最新文献

{"title":"Cover figure","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0010-9452(24)00277-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0010-9452(24)00277-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced resting-state periodic beta power in adults who stutter is related to sensorimotor control of speech execution","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The primary aim of the current study was to determine whether adults who stutter (AWS) present with anomalous periodic beta (β) rhythms when compared to typically fluent adults in the eyes-open resting state. A second aim was to determine whether lower β power in the RS is related to a measure of β event-related desynchronization (ERD) during syllable sequence execution.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>EEG data was collected from 128 channels in a 5 min, eyes-open resting state condition and from a syllable sequence repetition task. Temporal independent component analysis (ICA) was used to separate volume conducted EEG sources and to find a set of component weights common to the RS and syllable repetition task. Both traditional measures of power spectral density (PSD) and parameterized spectra were computed for components showing peaks in the β band (13–30 Hz). Parameterization was used to evaluate separable components adjusted for the 1/f part of the spectrum.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ICA revealed frontal-parietal midline and lateral sensorimotor (μ) components common to the RS and a syllable repetition task with peaks in the β band. The entire spectrum for each component was modeled using the FOOOF algorithm. Independent samples <em>t</em>-tests revealed significantly lower periodic β in midline central-parietal and lateral sensorimotor components in AWS. Regression analysis suggested a significant relationship between left periodic sensorimotor β power in the RS and ERD during syllable sequence execution.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings suggest that periodic β peaks in the spectrum are related to hypothesized underlying pathophysiological differences in stuttering, including midline rhythms associated the default mode network (DMN) and lateral sensorimotor rhythms associated with the control of movement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and functional correlates of olfactory reward processing in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) includes symptoms that reflect altered pursuit of rewards, including food, alcohol, and money. Little is known, however, about how these reward changes relate to atrophy and functional connectivity within reward-related regions. The goal of this study was to examine the structural and functional correlates of valence perception for olfactory rewards in 24 patients with bvFTD. Regression analysis of resting-state brain functional connectivity indicated that more positive valence ratings of olfactory stimuli were predicted by ventral pallidum connectivity to other reward circuit regions, particularly functional connectivity between ventral pallidum and bilateral anterior cingulate cortex/ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Structural analysis showed that atrophy of the anterior cingulate cortex was also significantly associated with perceiving stimuli as more rewarding. Finally, there was a significant interaction between ventral pallidum connectivity and atrophy of the anterior cingulate cortex. More specifically, the ventral pallidum connectivity had a greater effect on the positive perception of olfactory stimuli in the setting of low anterior cingulate cortex volume. These findings indicate that atrophy and functional connectivity within reward-relevant regions exert independent and interacting effects on the perception of pleasantness in bvFTD, potentially due to changes in hedonic “liking” signals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cotard's syndrome before Cotard: A commentary on : Delusions in postpartum psychosis: Implications for cognitive theories.","authors":"Brian A Sharpless, Jan Dirk Blom","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling spatial and non-spatial aspects of neglect in everyday behavior.","authors":"Brigitte C Kaufmann, Paolo Bartolomeo, Monica N Toba","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142557344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Working memory related brain-behavior associations in the context of socioeconomic and psychosocial deprivation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Burgeoning neuroimaging research documents the associations between working memory (WM)-associated neural and behavioral responses. However, these associations have yielded small and inconsistent effect sizes. We hypothesize that one reason for the weakened brain-behavior associations stems from different environmental contexts. Specifically, little research has examined how exposure to adverse rearing environments accounts for variability in brain-behavior relations. Deprivation, characterized by an absence of cognitive and positive social stimulation, has been shown to compromise children's neurocognitive development. Hence, informed by an ecological approach to developmental neuroscience, the present study aims to investigate if psychosocial and socioeconomic deprivation serves as moderators in the associations between neural responses and behaviors during a WM task. Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (N = 11, 878, M_age = 9.48, 47.8% female, 52.0% White), we found that psychosocial, but not socioeconomic deprivation, significantly attenuated the positive association between WM-related neural activation within the frontoparietal network and attendant behavioral performance. Specifically, children exposed to higher levels of psychosocial deprivation exhibited weaker brain-behavior relations during a WM task. This finding suggests that a certain level of neural response during cognitive tasks may correspond to different levels of behavioral performance depending on children's rearing environment, highlighting the importance of contextual factors in understanding the brain and cognitive development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced on-line speech gesture integration during multimodal language processing in adults with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury: Evidence from eye-tracking","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Language is multimodal and situated in rich visual contexts. Language is also incremental, unfolding moment-to-moment in real time, yet few studies have examined how spoken language interacts with gesture and visual context during multimodal language processing. Gesture is a rich communication cue that is integrally related to speech and often depicts concrete referents from the visual world. Using eye-tracking in an adapted visual world paradigm, we examined how participants with and without moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) use gesture to resolve temporary referential ambiguity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants viewed a screen with four objects and one video. The speaker in the video produced sentences (e.g., “The girl will eat the very good sandwich”), paired with either a meaningful gesture (e.g., sandwich-holding gesture) or a meaningless grooming movement (e.g., arm scratch) at the verb “will eat.” We measured participants’ gaze to the target object (e.g., sandwich), a semantic competitor (e.g., apple), and two unrelated distractors (e.g., piano, guitar) during the critical window between movement onset in the gesture modality and onset of the spoken referent in speech.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both participants with and without TBI were more likely to fixate the target when the speaker produced a gesture compared to a grooming movement; however, relative to non-injured participants, the effect was significantly attenuated in the TBI group.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>We demonstrated evidence of reduced speech-gesture integration in participants with TBI relative to non-injured peers. This study advances our understanding of the communicative abilities of adults with TBI and could lead to a more mechanistic account of the communication difficulties adults with TBI experience in rich communication contexts that require the processing and integration of multiple co-occurring cues. This work has the potential to increase the ecological validity of language assessment and provide insights into the cognitive and neural mechanisms that support multimodal language processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142568031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hippocampus supports long-term maintenance of language representations: Evidence of impaired collocation knowledge in amnesia.","authors":"Natalie V Covington, Melissa C Duff","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditional systems consolidation theories of memory suggest that the role of the hippocampus in maintaining memory representations diminishes over time, with learned information eventually becoming fully independent of the hippocampus. Knowledge of collocations in one's native (L1) language are acquired during development and are solidly acquired by adulthood. Remote semantic knowledge of collocations might therefore be expected to be resistant to hippocampal pathology. Patients with hippocampal damage and severe anterograde amnesia completed two tasks testing English collocation knowledge originally designed for use with English language learners. Patients with hippocampal damage demonstrated impairments in recognition of common English collocations, despite a lifetime of language experience (including postsecondary education) prior to sustaining this damage. These results suggest the hippocampus contributes to the long-term maintenance of linguistic representations and provides a challenge to traditional consolidation views of memory and an extension of newer theories to include a role for the hippocampus in maintaining semantic memory.</p>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations of the pulvinar in posterior cortical atrophy: A multimodal MRI study.","authors":"Jun Wang, Wuhai Tao, Min Chu, Deming Jiang, Li Liu, Yue Cui, Yang Liu, Yihao Wang, Ying Han, Caishui Yang, Liyong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although the pulvinar is known for its visual function and extensive connections with cortical areas, the volumetric change and functional connectivity of the pulvinar in posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify functional and volumetric changes of the pulvinar in PCA patients and the relevant associations with higher visual dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 29 patients with PCA and 30 normal controls were recruited. Each participant underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and both structural and resting-state functional MRI scanning. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and seed-based functional connectivity analyses were conducted to assess pulvinar gray matter volume as well as functional connectivity between the pulvinar and whole brain regions. A partial correlation analysis was performed to analyze neuropsychological tests and pulvinar imaging data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cognitive and visual functions including visuospatial processing, visual perception, episodic memory, and naming were impaired among PCA patients. Marked pulvinar atrophy was noted in PCA patients. Furthermore, functional connectivity between the pulvinar and precuneus was significantly decreased in PCA patients as compared to normal controls (FWE corrected; P < .001). Gray matter volume of the left pulvinar was found to associate with object agnosia (r = .53, P = .005) and prosopagnosia (r = .54, P = .005) among PCA patients. Gray matter volume of the right pulvinar was found to be associated with the Clinical Dementia Rating scale (r = -.52, P = .006) and Activities of Daily Living (r = -.59, P = .002) scores. Prosopagnosia correlated positively to the functional connectivity of the left pulvinar and left middle temporal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings support pulvinar degeneration and its contributions in PCA.</p>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the road with Cortex.","authors":"Roberto Cubelli","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142568030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}