Cortex最新文献

{"title":"A minor role for hemispheric specialization in determining pseudoneglect: A pre-registered replication-extension study.","authors":"Robin Gerrits","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.11.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2024.11.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurologically intact individuals display a mild asymmetry in spatial attention that can be measured during experimental spatial tasks such as line bisection. Although this phenomenon, known as pseudoneglect, is traditionally explained as the consequence of right hemisphere dominance for visuospatial attention, surmounting evidence suggests this is not its sole or even its most important determinant. For instance, a recent fMRI study in left-handers revealed that rare individuals with a reversed, left hemispheric dominance (LHDS, N = 23) also demonstrated left-sided pseudoneglect, although their spatial bias was less marked compared to typically lateralized controls (N = 40). The current study sought to replicate and extend these findings in a broader cohort of right-handers (N = 75) and left-handers (N = 181), while addressing methodological limitations of the original study. Contrary to the predictions of the hemispheric specialization account, pseudoneglect was not reversed in LHDS participants (N = 49). However, the pseudoneglect effect was reduced compared to controls with typical cerebral laterality (N = 207) due to a population-level randomization of pseudoneglect in the LHDS group. These results align with those of the original study, supporting a multifactorial interpretation of pseudoneglect, with hemisphere specialization as one among many determinants rather than being the predominant cause.</p>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"183 ","pages":"183-192"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating changes in connected speech in nonfluent/agrammatic primary progressive aphasia following script training.","authors":"Stephanie M Grasso, Karinne Berstis, Kristin Schaffer Mendez, Willa R Keegan-Rodewald, Lisa D Wauters, Eduardo Europa, H Isabel Hubbard, Heather R Dial, J Gregory Hixon, Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini, Adam Vogel, Maya L Henry","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Script training is a speech-language intervention designed to promote fluent connected speech via repeated rehearsal of functional content. This type of treatment has proven beneficial for individuals with aphasia and apraxia of speech caused by stroke and, more recently, for individuals with primary progressive aphasia (PPA). In the largest study to-date evaluating the efficacy of script training in individuals with nonfluent/agrammatic primary progressive aphasia (nfvPPA; Henry et al., 2018), robust treatment effects were observed, with maintenance of gains up to one year post-treatment. However, outcomes were constrained to measures of script accuracy, intelligibility, and grammaticality, providing a limited view of potential treatment benefit to connected speech. The current study evaluated the utility of a broader set of connected speech measures for characterizing script training outcomes in 20 individuals with nfvPPA who were administered Video-Implemented Script Training for Aphasia (VISTA). Probes of trained and untrained script topics from pre- and post-treatment were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using Computerized Language ANalysis (CLAN, MacWhinney, 2000) to extract measures of fluency, grammar, and informativeness. Speech timing measures (e.g., articulation rate, mean pause duration) were derived from audio files. Participants demonstrated significant changes for trained topics from pre-to post-treatment in words per minute, fluency disruptions per hundred words, mean length of utterance in morphemes, grammatical complexity, and proportion of open to closed class words. Reductions were observed in mean and variability of syllable duration and mean pause duration, and speech to pause ratio increased. These findings lend additional support for script training as a means to promote fluency of connected speech in individuals with nfvPPA and illustrate the utility of automated and semi-automated measures for characterizing treatment effects following intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"183 ","pages":"193-210"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increase in slow frequency and decrease in alpha and beta power during post-learning rest predict long-term memory success.","authors":"Dorottya Bencze, Miklós Marián, Ágnes Szőllősi, Péter Simor, Mihály Racsmány","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.11.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2024.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Formation of episodic memories is linked to cortico-hippocampal interactions during learning, practice, and post-learning rest, although the role of cortical activity itself in such processes remains elusive. Behaviorally, long-term retention of episodic memories has been shown to be aided by several different practice strategies involving memory reencounters, such as repeated retrieval and repeated study. In a two-session resting state electroencephalography (EEG) experiment, using data from 68 participants, we investigated the electrophysiological predictors of long-term memory success in situations where such reencounters occurred after learning. Participants learned word pairs which were subsequently practiced either by cued recall or repeated studying in a between-subjects design. Participants' cortical activity was recorded before learning (baseline) and after practice during 15-min resting periods. Long-term memory retention after a 7-day period was measured. To assess cortical activity, we analyzed the change in spectral power from the pre-learning baseline to the post-practice resting state recordings. From baseline to post-practice, changes in alpha and beta power were negatively, while slow frequency power change was positively associated with long-term memory performance, regardless of practice strategy. These results are in line with previous observations pointing to the role of specific frequency bands in memory formation and extend them to situations where memory reencounters occur after learning. Our results also highlight that the effectiveness of practice by repeated testing seems to be independent from the beneficial neural mechanisms mirrored by EEG frequency power changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"183 ","pages":"167-182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations of the pulvinar in posterior cortical atrophy: A multimodal MRI study","authors":"Jun Wang ,&nbsp;Wuhai Tao ,&nbsp;Min Chu ,&nbsp;Deming Jiang ,&nbsp;Li Liu ,&nbsp;Yue Cui ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Yihao Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Han ,&nbsp;Caishui Yang ,&nbsp;Liyong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although the pulvinar is known for its visual function and extensive connections with cortical areas, the volumetric change and functional connectivity of the pulvinar in posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify functional and volumetric changes of the pulvinar in PCA patients and the relevant associations with higher visual dysfunction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 29 patients with PCA and 30 normal controls were recruited. Each participant underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and both structural and resting-state functional MRI scanning. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and seed-based functional connectivity analyses were conducted to assess pulvinar gray matter volume as well as functional connectivity between the pulvinar and whole brain regions. A partial correlation analysis was performed to analyze neuropsychological tests and pulvinar imaging data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cognitive and visual functions including visuospatial processing, visual perception, episodic memory, and naming were impaired among PCA patients. Marked pulvinar atrophy was noted in PCA patients. Furthermore, functional connectivity between the pulvinar and precuneus was significantly decreased in PCA patients as compared to normal controls (FWE corrected; <em>P</em> &lt; .001). Gray matter volume of the left pulvinar was found to associate with object agnosia (<em>r</em> = .53, <em>P</em> = .005) and prosopagnosia (<em>r</em> = .54, <em>P</em> = .005) among PCA patients. Gray matter volume of the right pulvinar was found to be associated with the Clinical Dementia Rating scale (<em>r</em> = −.52, <em>P</em> = .006) and Activities of Daily Living (<em>r</em> = −.59, <em>P</em> = .002) scores. Prosopagnosia correlated positively to the functional connectivity of the left pulvinar and left middle temporal.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings support pulvinar degeneration and its contributions in PCA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 311-321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the road with Cortex","authors":"Roberto Cubelli","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 292-294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142568030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cotard's syndrome before Cotard: A commentary on Connors et al. (2024): Delusions in postpartum psychosis: Implications for cognitive theories","authors":"Brian A. Sharpless ,&nbsp;Jan Dirk Blom","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 305-307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover figure","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0010-9452(24)00319-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0010-9452(24)00319-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Page e1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cotard syndrome across time and place","authors":"Michael H. Connors ,&nbsp;Peter W. Halligan","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 308-310"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142709343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural correlates of phantom motor execution: A functional neuroimaging systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Kevin Pacheco-Barrios ,&nbsp;Robin Emily Heemels ,&nbsp;Daniela Martinez-Magallanes ,&nbsp;Marianna Daibes ,&nbsp;Cristina Naqui-Xicota ,&nbsp;Maria Andrade ,&nbsp;Felipe Fregni","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phantom motor execution (PME) shows promise as a new treatment for phantom limb pain (PLP) by inducing motor-related analgesia and retraining the pain network activation. However, the current understanding of the neural correlates underlying PME is limited. Databases were systematically searched for multimodal neuroimaging studies to explore the neural correlates of PME. A narrative synthesis (17 studies, <em>n</em> = 328) and coordinate-based meta-analysis were performed to identify activation commonalities. Contrasting PME-vs-REST revealed differential activation of the supplementary motor area (SMA), post-central gyrus, and dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus; while PME-vs-ME revealed differential activation of the right anterior insula, anterior cingulate, left amygdala, and right striatum. Further narrative synthesis revealed a positive correlation between PME-induced brain activity and PLP intensity, and a specific connectivity pattern during PME on the SMA–M1 network compared to ME and motor imagery. Our results suggest that the PME represents a distinct type of motor network activation, partially overlapping with ME and motor imagery activations but with special activation of interoceptive regulation and mood-related regions. Thus, confirming its potential as a therapeutic approach for PLP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 295-304"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142260913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thank you and goodbye","authors":"Sergio Della Sala","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 290-291"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}