Brain and Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Age and Sex-Related Differences in Neuroprotective Effects of Cardiovascular Endurance on Cortical Thickness and Brain Volume in Adults Across Age.","authors":"Junyeon Won, Marissa Gogniat, J Carson Smith","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Higher cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular endurance (CE) have been shown to be neuroprotective in older adulthood, but the mechanisms underlying this neuroprotection across the adult lifespan are poorly understood. The current study sought to examine the neuroprotective effects of CRF on gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes, and mean cortical thickness (MCT), using a large sample across the adult lifespan. We also examined sex differences in these relationships.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included data from 1691 adults across the adult lifespan (22-100 years) from the Human Connectome Project Young Adults and Aging data. 2-minute walk test performance was used as a proxy of CE. Structural MRI was used to assess total GM volume, WM volume, and MCT. Linear regression models were used to examine the interaction between age and CE on total GM volume, WM volume, and MCT after adjusting for sex, years of education, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, gait speed, and total intracranial volume. Whole-brain surface-based analysis was also performed to investigate regional effects. Finally, interactions between age, sex, and CE were examined to test sex differences. p < 0.05, two-sided test, was designed as statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With greater CE, the associations between greater age and lower total and regional GM and WM volumes and MCT were attenuated in whole sample. In men, age was associated with lower total GM volume and MCT regardless of CE level. In women, attenuated negative associations between age and total GM volume and MCT were found in those with high CE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Greater CE over the adult lifespan is associated with preservation of cortical thickness and brain volume, particularly in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 1","pages":"e70231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Myasthenia Gravis and Higher Extrathymic Cancer Risk.","authors":"Mohamed Khateb, Mai Abu Zant, Alaa Bsoul, Tomer Karny, David Yarnitsky, Shahar Shelly","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myasthenia gravis (MG) is strongly associated with thymic tumors, but whether it is also associated with extrathymic cancers is debatable or whether MG can be considered a paraneoplastic disorder for extrathymic cancers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective analysis of the MG cohort for 23 years' time (January 2000 to May 2023), extracting cancer rates with clinical, electrophysiological, and biochemical cancer associations and the effect of chronic medications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 436 patients with MG and 3924 controls. The median age at symptom onset was 64 (5-93 years) for males and 54 (1-87 years) for females. MG symptoms at onset were recorded as ocular (60%), strictly bulbar (10%), or generalized (23%). Extrathymic cancer was found in 32% of MG patients. In 3%, thymic and extrathymic cancers co-occurred. Compared to controls, neurology (12.2%, 159/1308), internal medicine (24.4%, 319/1308), or rheumatology (12%, 157/1308), MG patients had significantly higher rates of extrathymic cancers (p < 0.001). Compared to the rheumatology group, the cancer relative risk of 2.97, CI = 2.5-3.4. Furthermore, the prevalence of extrathymic cancers was significantly increased within the paraneoplastic time window, defined as ±5 years from cancer diagnosis to myasthenia onset (p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MG was significantly associated with an increased risk of extrathymic cancers, particularly within the paraneoplastic time window. These findings suggest that MG might potentially behave as a paraneoplastic disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 1","pages":"e70143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemic or \"Plandemic\"?: The Mediating Role of Epistemic Justification Strategies in the Relationship Between COVID-19 Conspiracy Beliefs and COVID-19 Vaccine Conspiracy Beliefs.","authors":"Ali Gökalp, Servet Üztemur, Po-Ching Huang, Aslı Kartol, Hsin-Chi Tsai, Erkan Dinç, Mark D Griffiths, Chung-Ying Lin","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70275","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In today's post-truth times, where personal feelings and beliefs have become increasingly important, determining what is accurate knowledge has become an important skill. This is especially important during uncertainty crises (e.g., epidemics and pandemics) because alternative explanations other than scientific knowledge may be disseminated vigorously. Epistemic justification concerns how and in what way the truth of knowledge claims is justified and the criteria for knowledge to be true and/or a fact. Given this backdrop, the present study examined how individuals reacted to conspiracies in an uncertainty crisis (using the COVID-19 pandemic as an example).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The mediating role of epistemic justification was investigated regarding its relationship between COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs and COVID-19 vaccine conspiracy beliefs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted incorporating a multifactorial correlational design. Using convenience sampling, 690 participants (55.7% females, M_age = 32.24 years, SD = 9.75) from different regions of Türkiye completed an online survey via Google Forms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results demonstrated a strong and statistically significant correlation between beliefs in COVID-19 conspiracy theories and beliefs in COVID-19 vaccination conspiracy theories. The mediating effects of justification by authority and personal justification were statistically significant between COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs and COVID-19 vaccine conspiracy theories.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Using the COVID-19 pandemic as an example, the present results indicated the complex relationships between conspiracy beliefs and epistemic justification. The present results indicate the importance of authorities in taking early action to provide scientific evidence and information to the public to avoid individuals believing false information.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 1","pages":"e70275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11726705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142944388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Headache Attributed to External Compression or Traction to the Head: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Ole Hensel, Torsten Kraya","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70202","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this review is to synthesize the existing knowledge regarding headaches attributed to external physical stimuli, as classified by the ICHD-3 (Group 4.6). Two forms can be distinguished in this group: (1) headache attributed to external compression and (2) headache attributed to external traction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature review was conducted using the Medline (PubMed) database and other relevant academic sources. All English-language articles were subjected to a relevance assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of the two types of headache varies considerably, with a higher incidence observed in women or in the presence of predisposing factors (e.g., work with compulsory helmets or long hair). An external-compression headache is typically described as a pressing sensation, whereas an external-traction headache is characterized by a sensation of pulling. The headaches typically persist for less than an hour after the stimulus has ceased, and the intensity is typically reported as mild to moderate. Apart from avoiding the trigger, which is not always possible, effective therapies have not been established.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both types of headaches are relatively common, yet they remain underrepresented in the scientific literature. Furthermore, there is a dearth of comprehensive overviews. If the triggering factor cannot be eliminated, both types of headaches can interfere with daily living and working.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 1","pages":"e70202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11685174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alpha and Theta Oscillations Associated With Behavioral Phenotypes of Pain-Attention Interaction.","authors":"Nikou Kelardashti, Benjamin T Dunkley, Rima El-Sayed, Vaidhehi Veena Sanmugananthan, Junseok Andrew Kim, Natalie Rae Osborne, Joshua C Cheng, Anton Rogachov, Rachael L Bosma, Ariana E Besik, Karen Deborah Davis","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Pain is inherently salient and so draws our attention in addition to impacting performance on attention-demanding tasks. Individual variability in pain-attention interactions can be assessed by two kinds of behavioral phenotypes that quantify how individuals prioritize pain versus attentional needs. The intrinsic attention to pain (IAP) measure quantifies the degree to which a person attends to pain (high-IAP) or mind-wanders away from pain (low-IAP). The A/P categorization quantifies how pain impacts cognitive performance during an attention-demanding task classifying individuals into P type (pain dominates, worse performance during pain in comparison to no pain) and A type (attention to task dominates, better performance during pain in comparison to no pain). Although previous MRI-based studies have linked these phenotypes with the dynamic pain connectome (DPC), the underlying neural oscillations are not known. This paper aims to examine the brain-behavior relationship between alpha and theta oscillations within nodes of the DPC and pain-attention phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Fifty participants (27 F, 23 M) underwent resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG). Individual IAP scores were determined by assessing mind-wandering during pain and A/P type was based on interference of pain with cognitive task performance.</p><p><strong>Finding: </strong>The main findings were: (1) peak alpha frequency (PAF) power did not differ between low/high-IAP individuals or A/P-type individuals within the nodes of the DPC; (2) compared to high-IAP individuals, those with low-IAP have slower PAF in the left primary somatosensory cortex, posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus and higher theta power in the ascending nociceptive pathway and default mode network; (3) males with low-IAP, compared to females, had higher PAF power throughout the DPC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Alpha and theta oscillations within the DPC may underlie aspects of attentional focus and pain-attention interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 1","pages":"e70190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Quetiapine on Novelty-Related Object Recognition Memory and Hippocampal BDNF Level in Sleep-Deprived Rats.","authors":"Öznur Özge Özcan, Burcu Çevreli, Emel Serdaroğlu Kaşıkçı, Mesut Karahan, Muhsin Konuk","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The underlying mechanism of quetiapine (QET) in treating cognitive impairment in sleep deprivation is unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of treatment with QET on novel object recognition and hippocampal (hippo) brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in rats submitted to 72 h sleep deprivation (SD).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 42 adult male Wistar albino rats were assigned into six experimental groups: non-sleep-deprived (NSD) control, short-term control group (n = 7) received a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection 10 mg/kg QET of 1 mL saline (4 days) (NSD-STQET), long-term control group (n = 7) received single i.p. injection 10 mg/kg QET of 1 mL saline (30 days) (NSD-LTQET); 72 h sleep-deprived (SD) group, 72 h SD short-term group received short-term i.p. injection 10 mg/kg QET of either (n = 7) (SD-STQET), and 72 h SD long-term group received long-term i.p. injection 10 mg/kg QET of either (n = 7) QET (SD-LTQET). SD was performed using the modified multiple-platform technique in a water tank for 72 h. Additionally, we aim to reveal the consequences of 72 h SD and QET effects on memory processes with hippo BDNF levels by testing rats in the novel object recognition (NOR) test and ELISA method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Long-term QET administration in healthy rats decreased NOR and BDNF protein expression in the hippocampus, as did 72 h SD. Long- and short-term QET administration reversed SD effects, but only short-term QET administration increased hippo BDNF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that the beneficial effects of QET on SD may be partly related to the upregulation of recognition memory and neuroprotective proteins such as BDNF. However, long-term QET treatment in the absence of a disease model may have the potential to negatively impact recognition memory and BDNF levels, which support synaptic plasticity and cognitive function.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 1","pages":"e70226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Phonograms' Genuine-Character Status: What the Embedded Semantic Radicals' Semantic Activation Live by.","authors":"Meng Jiang, Ya Tan, Xia Wang, Yuli Hao","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Chinese phonogram processing studies, it is widely accepted that both character and non-character semantic radicals could be semantically activated. However, little attention was paid to the underlying workings that enabled the semantic radicals' semantic activation.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present study aimed to address the above issue by conducting two experiments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Experiment 1 was committed to confirming whether both character and non-character semantic radicals could be semantically activated when embedded in genuine Chinese phonograms. Experiment 2 was devoted to exploring whether the same semantic radicals could also be semantically activated when incorporated in Chinese pseudo-characters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results demonstrated that both character and non-character semantic radicals embedded in the genuine phonograms were semantically activated, but those placed in the pseudo-characters underwent no semantic activation, suggesting that the semantic activation of semantic radicals was genuine-character status-dependent, irrespective of the semantic radicals' characterhood.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It seems that the genuine-character status and the meaning of the host phonogram have strong sway on the semantic activation of semantic radicals.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 1","pages":"e70277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11745151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis of the Association Between Mitochondrial Proteins and Neurodegenerative Diseases.","authors":"Fangyuan Wang, Zhou Jing, Qingyi Wang, Minghe Li, Bingqi Lu, Ao Huo, Chenglin Zhao, Huanyu Zhou, Wulong Liang, Weihua Hu, Xudong Fu","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neurodegenerative diseases involve progressive neuronal dysfunction and cognitive decline, posing substantial global challenges. Although the precise causes remain unclear, several studies highlight the role of protein metabolism abnormalities in disease development. This study investigates the causal links between variations in mitochondrial protein genes and neurodegenerative diseases, aiming to elucidate their potential contributions to disease progression and identify novel therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Herein, we utilized data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on mitochondrial proteins and neurodegenerative diseases. Bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR), employing instrumental variables (IVs), was used to assess causal relationships. The primary method for estimating causal effects was the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method, supplemented by additional MR approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bidirectional MR revealed significant associations between mitochondrial protein gene variants and neurodegenerative diseases. Specifically, associations were found with Alzheimer's disease (AD) (three proteins), Parkinson's disease (PD) (four proteins), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (six proteins), multiple sclerosis (two proteins), and dementia with Lewy bodies (four proteins). Conversely, analyses indicated significant associations of neurodegenerative diseases with mitochondrial protein gene variants, notably with AD, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple sclerosis, affecting multiple mitochondrial protein levels. Bidirectional causality was observed between dementia with Lewy bodies and C21orf33.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using MR, we identified significant links between mitochondrial protein gene mutations and the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. These results highlight reciprocal relationships where certain neurodegenerative diseases influence mitochondrial protein expression levels. These findings underscore the pivotal role of mitochondrial proteins in neurodegenerative diseases, offering critical insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic avenues.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 1","pages":"e70283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intimate Partner Violence and Subsequent Depression in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies.","authors":"Christopher B Watson, Vicki Bitsika","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Intimate partner violence (IPV) and depression are global health concerns with high prevalence rates and substantial negative impacts on individuals and the wider community. Women are particularly vulnerable to both IPV victimization and depressive disorders, and both are recognized worldwide as priorities for women's health. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine whether recent longitudinal empirical evidence supports exposure to IPV as a contributing factor to the subsequent onset of depression in women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search was performed in August 2024 of the Medline, PsychInfo, and EBSCOHost databases for longitudinal studies published after the year 2013, and 1193 studies were identified. Studies were included if they were written in English and measured IPV as an independent variable with depression as a dependent variable. Studies were excluded if depression was not measured separately from other variables or did not report primary quantitative data. Eleven studies with 118,544 female participants met the inclusion criteria for review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten of the 11 reviewed studies reported a statistically significant positive association between exposure to IPV and depression in women. A random effects meta-analysis was used to generate pooled odds ratios from nine estimates, which demonstrated that female IPV survivors have significantly increased odds of developing subsequent depression (OR = 1.92, (95% CI: 1.28, 2.86); although, there was high heterogeneity across studies (I² = 98.3%, p < 0.001). Ten of the 11 studies were from high-income, industrialized countries, which limits the global application of these findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that IPV may be one of many contributing factors for depression in women. However, variability in the definition of IPV and inconsistent adjustment for confounders across studies limits firm conclusions. The findings of this review suggest that strategies to prevent IPV could play a role in reducing the prevalence of depression. They also support the inclusion of depression screening for survivors of IPV in clinical approaches and a review of the effectiveness of IPV-related depression intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 1","pages":"e70236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis in Alertness, Associative Learning, and Astrocyte Density.","authors":"Sara G Higarza, Marina De Antón-Cosío, Candela Zorzo, Jorge L Arias, Natalia Arias","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70222","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a prevalent disease caused by high fat and high cholesterol intake, which leads to systemic deterioration. The aim of this research is to conduct a psychobiological exploration of MASH in adult male rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Subjects who were administered a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet for 14 weeks. Then, we assessed the acoustic startle response and alertness through the prepulse inhibition paradigm as well as the associative learning by the use of the passive avoidance test. Also, we explored the astrocyte density in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results showed that, whereas the MASH group did not display an impaired associative learning, a lower exploration rate was found in this group. Moreover, a reduced prepulse inhibition was found in these subjects in the case of the weaker and closer-to-the-stimulus prepulse, which indicates a mild alteration in this process. No differences were found in astrocyte density in the MASH group in comparison with controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MASH seems to be linked with cognitive dysfunction. Further research is needed to elucidate the pathway involved in this disease and its underlying mechanism, as well as the potential implication in human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 1","pages":"e70222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11688113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}