Brain and Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Academic Resilience and its Relationship With Emotional Intelligence and Stress Among University Students: A Three-Country Survey","authors":"Hanan Abdelrahman,&nbsp;Mohammad Al Qadire,&nbsp;Suha Ballout,&nbsp;Mohammad Rababa,&nbsp;Esther Nana Kwaning,&nbsp;Hamada Zehry","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70497","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In Mediterranean countries, resilience among university students remains underexplored, despite its critical role in managing academic and personal stressors. Emotional intelligence (EI) and perceived stress are known to influence resilience but require further investigation in culturally diverse settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore the relationships between academic resilience, EI, and perceived stress among university students in three Mediterranean countries characterized by diverse academic and cultural systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Sample</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1833 undergraduate students from 12 universities in Egypt, Jordan, and Oman.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional correlational design was employed. Participants completed the academic resilience scale (ARS-30), Schutte self-report emotional intelligence test (SSEIT), and perceived stress scale (PSS). Multiple linear regression was used to identify predictors of academic resilience.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean resilience score was 67.4 (SD = 18.4). EI positively predicted resilience (B = 0.57, β = 0.66, p &lt; 0.001), whereas perceived stress was negatively associated (B = -0.48, β = 0.15, p &lt; 0.001). Other significant predictors included good health, advanced academic years, GPA, nationality, and participation in stress-management training. Variables, such as gender, age, and field of specialty, did not significantly influence resilience. The model explained 54% of the variance in resilience (R² = 0.54, p &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides novel insights into the predictors of resilience in culturally diverse Mediterranean contexts. Emotional intelligence and stress management are critical for enhancing academic resilience. Universities should integrate EI training, stress reduction programs, and resilience-building initiatives into their curricula. Future research should explore longitudinal trends and culturally tailored interventions to promote resilience.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70497","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UK Medical Cannabis Registry: A Clinical Outcomes Analysis for Epilepsy","authors":"Isaac Cowley,&nbsp;Simon Erridge,&nbsp;Arushika Aggarwal,&nbsp;Lilia Evans,&nbsp;Madhur Varadpande,&nbsp;Evonne Clarke,&nbsp;Katy McLachlan,&nbsp;Ross Coomber,&nbsp;Augustin Iqbal,&nbsp;James J Rucker,&nbsp;Mark W Weatherall,&nbsp;Mikael H Sodergren","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70490","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A third of epilepsy patients fail to enter seizure remission despite optimal therapeutic management. Cannabis-based medicinal products (CBMPs) have shown promise as a potential therapy. However, a paucity of high-quality literature regarding CBMPs’ efficacy and safety profile means further investigation is needed. The study aimed to examine changes in epilepsy-specific and general health-related quality of life (HRQoL) patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in individuals with treatment-resistant epilepsy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A case series of patients with epilepsy from the UK Medical Cannabis Registry analyzed changes in Quality of Life in Epilpesy-31 (QOILE-31), Single-Item Sleep Quality Score (SQS), EQ-5D-5L, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) between baseline, one, three, and six months. Adverse events (AEs) were collected and classified by severity. <i>p</i> &lt; 0.050 was considered statistically significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were 134 patients included. Improvements were recorded from baseline to one, three, and six months in QOILE-31 and all HRQoL PROMs (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.050). Forty patients (29.85%) reported a minimal clinically important difference in Quality of Life in Epilepsy-31 (QOLIE-31) at six months. There were 18 (13.43%) AEs reported by 5 (3.73%) patients, mainly mild and moderate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proportion of patients achieving a clinically significant change is similar to existing CBMPs in epilepsy literature. AE incidence was lower than similar studies although this may be due to the large proportion (67.16%) of individuals who were not cannabis naïve.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Initiation of CBMPs was associated with an improvement across all PROMs. CBMPs were well tolerated across the cohort. However, randomized controlled trials are needed to help determine causality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70490","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Cerebellar Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on the Motor Function of Patients With Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Yongxin Zhu,&nbsp;Juncong Yang,&nbsp;Kun Wang,&nbsp;Xianwen Li,&nbsp;Jiahui Ling,&nbsp;Xie Wu,&nbsp;Lianhui Fu,&nbsp;Qi Qi","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70471","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;As the core of motor control and learning, the cerebellum is crucial for maintaining posture, regulating muscle tone, and coordinating movement. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of studies on the application of cerebellar transcranial magnetic stimulation (cTMS) to motor dysfunction in patients with stroke. This review aims to analyze cTMS efficacy for stroke patients and further explore the specific effects of different stages of the disease, stimulation modes, stimulation intensity, and treatment duration.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Six databases were searched comprehensively—CNKI, Wanfang, Web of Science, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and Embase—to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to October 2024 that investigated the improvement of physical motor dysfunction in stroke patients using cTMS. Two researchers screened the literature, extracted data, and independently assessed the quality and risk of bias of the included studies using the PEDro scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool 2. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A total of 20 RCTs with 812 participants were included. Meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis revealed that cTMS significantly improved BBS (Random, MD = 5.19, 95%CI = 3.66–6.72, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.00001), enhanced FMA-LE scores (Random, MD = 1.88, 95%CI = 0.76–3.01, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001), shortened the TUG (Fix, MD = −1.64, 95%CI = −2.60 to −0.68, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0008), and 10MWT durations (Fix, MD = −7.66, 95%CI = −12.33 to −2.99, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001), and increased MEP amplitudes (Fix, MD = 0.45, 95%CI = 0.04–0.87, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.03). Subgroup analysis of the BBS showed that cTMS had a significant effect on patients with stroke in the subacute phase (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.00001), with improvements observed using HF-rTMS (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001), iTBS (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.00001), and intensities ≤ 80%RMT (&lt; 80% RMT, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001; 80% RMT, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.00001). cTMS consistently demonstrated superior effects compared to controls across different intervention durations (5–10 sessions, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.009; 11–20 sessions, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.00001; &gt; 20 sessions, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.00001).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;cTMS effectively improves motor function in patients with stroke, particularly during the subacute phase with excitatory stimulation and moderate intensities (≤ 80%RMT).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70471","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicidal Behavior in University Students in Spain: a Network Analysis","authors":"Victoria Soto-Sanz,&nbsp;Álvaro García del Castillo-López,&nbsp;David Pineda,&nbsp;Raquel Falcó,&nbsp;Tíscar Rodríguez-Jiménez,&nbsp;Juan C. Marzo,&nbsp;José A. Piqueras","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70457","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Suicidal behavior is a significant mental health concern among university students, yet it remains underexplored through a network approach. Traditional methods often overlook the complex interplay of psychological factors influencing suicidal behavior. This study addresses this gap by (a) examining suicidal behavior using network analysis and (b) identifying the psychological network of suicidal behavior along with protective and risk factors among university students.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sample consisted of a total of 1048 Spanish university students (<i>M</i> = 20.5 years; SD = 2.5; 58.2% women) from various universities. Several instruments were used to measure suicidal behavior, emotional and behavioral difficulties, prosocial behavior, subjective well-being, emotional intelligence, self-esteem, empathy, affect (both positive and negative), and emotional regulation. Data were analyzed using network analysis to understand the relationships among these variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 21.5% of the participants had experienced suicidal thoughts, 26.3% had wished to be dead or not wake up, 15% had considered specific suicide methods or made plans, and 5.8% had attempted suicide at least once. In addition, 18% had engaged in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) at least once. Network analysis revealed that suicidal behavior was highly interconnected with other psychological factors, with “considered taking own life” as the most influential node. Key factors included depressive symptoms, positive affect, and emotional intelligence. Suicidal behavior showed a positive connection with depressive symptoms and negative affect and a negative connection with self-esteem and positive affect. Stability analysis confirmed the accuracy of the network estimations, indicating reliable insights into the psychological interconnections.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings indicate that suicidal behavior in university students is a complex, dynamic system shaped by cognitive, emotional, and affective factors. Network analysis, through advanced psychopathological and psychometric models, offers valuable insights into suicidal behavior, improving risk and protective factor assessment. This highlights the need for targeted and comprehensive prevention strategies in educational settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70457","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Breastfeeding Attitudes and Self-Efficacy Among Health care Personnel and Women With Multiple Sclerosis: Two Cross-Sectional Surveys","authors":"Solange M. Saxby,&nbsp;Carlyn Haas,&nbsp;Anna Klein,&nbsp;Tyler J Titcomb,&nbsp;Farnoosh Shemirani,&nbsp;Terry Wahls,&nbsp;Linda Snetselaar,&nbsp;Christine Gill,&nbsp;Pamela Mulder","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70468","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to describe breastfeeding attitudes among health care personnel, as well as breastfeeding attitudes and self-efficacy in women with multiple sclerosis (MS), who are currently or have previously breastfed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two cross-sectional surveys were sent electronically to health care personnel at a single center to capture attitudes toward breastfeeding in women with MS using the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitudes Scale (IIFAS), and women with MS who were currently or had previously breastfed to measure breastfeeding attitudes and self-efficacy using the IIFAS and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Survey-Short Form (BSES-SF). Descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance were used to assess differences among categories of participant demographics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the health care personnel survey, among health care specialties, neonatology exhibited the highest mean scores on the IIFAS (69.8 ± 8.89), reflecting positive attitudes, while neurology and students had the lowest mean IIFAS scores (62.4 ± 10.3 and 58.2 ± 3.94, respectively) with neutral attitudes. Health care personnel with 16 or more years of service demonstrated positive attitudes toward breastfeeding (70.9 ± 9.30), as assessed by IIFAS. In the survey of women with MS, women identifying as Middle Eastern/North African had the highest mean IIFAS score (78.0 ± 5.66), indicating positive breastfeeding attitudes, while women identifying as Black had the lowest (62.7 ± 6.07), reflecting a neutral attitude. Positive attitudes were revealed by participants who exclusively breastfed for 6 months (70.1 ± 7.17) and who had three or more children (70.1 ± 6.17). Participants who exclusively breastfed for 6 months and who had breastfed three or more children demonstrated the highest breastfeeding self-efficacy as assessed by BSES-SF scores (52.2 ± 4.93 and 51.7 ± 5.26, respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Attitudes towards breastfeeding in women with MS differed by health care specialty and years of service in health care personnel. Among women with MS, infant feeding attitudes and breastfeeding self-efficacy varied based on ethnicity, age, number of children, number of children breastfed, and breastfeeding exclusivity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70468","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Prognosis of Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults—A Single-Center Chinese Cohort Study","authors":"Yuhui Sha,&nbsp;Qiqi Wang,&nbsp;Mingyu Tang,&nbsp;Ming Yao,&nbsp;Yicheng Zhu,&nbsp;Lixin Zhou,&nbsp;Jun Ni","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70479","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Young patients with ischemic stroke often present with more complex etiologies and risk factors, making their long-term prognosis particularly challenging. This study aims to investigate the long-term prognosis and identify factors associated with recurrent ischemic cerebrovascular events and unfavorable functional outcome in a prospective, single-center cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We consecutively enrolled young adults (aged 18–49) with ischemic stroke in the single-center cohort at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) from March 2017 to March 2023. Follow-up was conducted through face-to-face visits or telephone interviews. Main outcomes were recurrent ischemic cerebrovascular events and unfavorable functional outcome (an mRS score ≥ 2). Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to estimate the 5-year cumulative recurrence risk, and multivariate logistic analysis was used to identify predictors of recurrent ischemic cerebrovascular events and unfavorable functional outcome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 226 patients (median (IQR) age, 35 (30–41) years; 148 male (65.5%)) were included to the final analysis. According to the TOAST classification, large-artery atherosclerosis was identified as the most common subtype (38.1%). The 5-year cumulative recurrence rate for ischemic cerebrovascular events was 13.5% (95% CI: 6.7%–19.9%), with no significant difference between patients with different etiologies. Low education level (OR 12.016, 95% CI: 2.805–51.469, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), previous TIA (OR 9.594, 95% CI: 2.500–36.824, <i><span>p</span></i> &lt; 0.001), previous ischemic stroke (OR 3.177, 95% CI: 1.128–8.946, <i>p</i> = 0.029), and mRS score at follow-up (OR 3.339, 95% CI: 1.714–6.502, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) were independent risk factors of ischemic cerebrovascular event recurrence after adjusting for sex and age. Baseline mRS scores was identified as an independent predictor of long-term poor functional outcome (OR 2.264, 95%CI: 1.207–4.246, <i>p</i> = 0.011) after adjusting for sex, age, receiving antiplatelet treatment and having recurrent ischemic stroke or TIA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Young patients with ischemic stroke were at risk of recurrent ischemic cerebrovascular events, enhancing the need to enhance stroke prevention and treatment, particularly among young Chinese individuals with low education levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70479","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the Cognitive Development Based on Fine Motor Skills in Preterm and Full-Term Toddlers Using Lasso Regression","authors":"Ramazan Yildiz,&nbsp;Ayse Yildiz,&nbsp;Onur Camli,&nbsp;Bulent Elbasan","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70485","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between fine motor skills and cognitive development in preterm and term toddlers aged 12–15 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 150 participants, 79 preterm, and 71 term toddlers, were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III), for cognitive development and the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, Second Edition (PDMS-2), for fine motor skills. The relationship between fine motor skills and cognitive development was examined with the lasso regression model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study revealed that fine motor skills, particularly grasping, significantly influence cognitive development, with preterm toddlers demonstrating lower scores compared to term peers. Additionally, prenatal and perinatal factors, including gestational age and birth weight, were found to correlate with cognitive outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings emphasize the importance of integrating motor skill-based interventions into early childhood programs to enhance cognitive and overall developmental outcomes. Future research should explore the causal mechanisms underlying this relationship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70485","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificially Sweetened Food Mediates the Perception of Chronic Pain in Individuals With Neuroticism Traits: A Mendelian Randomization Study","authors":"Huanghong Zhao,&nbsp;Dongsheng Guan,&nbsp;Zhen Ma,&nbsp;Minghui Yang,&nbsp;Ning Dong,&nbsp;Jian Guo","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70476","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous studies have shown that neuroticism and artificially sweetened food all play essential roles in chronic pain to varying degrees. However, it is unclear precisely the causal relationship between neuroticism traits and chronic pain and whether an unhealthy sweetened food is a mediator in this process.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study employed rigorous research methods to ensure the validity of the findings. We utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the causal relationships between neuroticism traits, artificially sweetened food, and chronic pain. The data encompass four neuroticism traits (neuroticism, experiencing mood swings, depressed affect, and worry), consumption levels of nine artificially sweetened foods, and seven types of chronic pain. The primary statistical method employed was inverse variance weighting (IVW). Eventually, we explored whether artificially sweetened food serves as a mediator in the relationship between neuroticism traits and chronic pain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that genetic predisposition to higher neuroticism traits and the consumption of artificial sweeteners is associated with an increased risk of chronic pain across multiple sites. Reverse MR analysis also confirms that chronic pain at multiple sites similarly increases the risk of neuroticism traits. Two-step MR suggests the mediating effects of five artificial sweeteners on sciatica: low back pain, thoracic pain, low back pain, joint pain, and muscular pain. These findings could inform interventions and treatments for chronic pain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neuroticism traits and chronic pain have causal relationships, with artificially sweetened food mediating the pathway from neuroticism traits to chronic pain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70476","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143809373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Else Is Happening to the Mirror Neurons?—A Bibliometric Analysis of Mirror Neuron Research Trends and Future Directions (1996–2024)","authors":"Yangyang Sun,&nbsp;Ningyao Yu,&nbsp;Guanchu Chen,&nbsp;Tongwei Liu,&nbsp;Shengjun Wen,&nbsp;Wei Chen","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70486","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since its discovery in the late 20th century, research on mirror neurons has become a pivotal area in neuroscience, linked to various cognitive and social functions. This bibliometric analysis explores the research trajectory, key research topics, and future trends in the field of mirror neuron research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database for publications from 1996 to 2024 on mirror neuron research. Statistical and visualization analyses were performed using CiteSpace and VOSviewer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Publication output on mirror neurons peaked in 2013 and remained active. High-impact journals such as <i>Science, Brain, Neuron, PNAS</i>, and <i>NeuroImage</i> frequently feature findings on the mirror neuron system, including its distribution, neural coding, and roles in intention understanding, affective empathy, motor learning, autism, and neurological disorders. Keyword clustering reveals major directions in cognitive neuroscience, motor neuroscience, and neurostimulation, whereas burst detection underscores the emerging significance of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Research methodologies have been evolving from traditional electrophysiological recordings to advanced techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and BCIs, highlighting a dynamic, multidisciplinary progression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study identifies key areas associated with mirror neurons and anticipates that future work will integrate findings with artificial intelligence, clinical interventions, and novel neuroimaging techniques, providing new perspectives on complex socio-cognitive issues and their applications in both basic science and clinical practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70486","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143809374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"G-Protein-Coupled Receptor 84 Aggravates Early Brain Injury via Microglial NLRP3-ASC Inflammasome After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage","authors":"Kun Jiang,&nbsp;Yan Zou,&nbsp;Yue Song,&nbsp;Long'jiang Zhou,&nbsp;Bing'tao Zhang,&nbsp;Xiao'ming Zhou,&nbsp;Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70379","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is one of the most devastating hemorrhagic strokes. SAH causes neuroinflammation and leads to both early brain injury and delayed brain injury. G-protein-coupled receptor 84 (GPR84), one of the orphan class-A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), exerts pro-inflammatory and pro-phagocytic effects via targeting microglia in the central nervous system (CNS). This research investigated the role of GPR84 on SAH pathology via neuroinflammation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for GPR84 expression in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with SAH. An experimental SAH-model mouse was established by stereotactic injection of autologous blood into the chiasmatic cisterna. The SAH model in vitro was established by exposing microglia to hemoglobin. After inhibition of GPR84 in mice by GPR84-siRNA and GPR84-antagonist 3, the neurological deficits were evaluated by modified Garcia test, beam balance test, and Morris water maze. Neuronal death in SAH-model mice was evaluated by Nissl staining. GPR84, NLRP3 inflammasome, and cAMP/PKA expressions were detected by western blot and immunofluorescence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>GPR84 was upregulated in patients after SAH onset. The GPR84 expression in microglia increased after SAH onset, activated NLRP3 inflammasome, and promoted IL-1β secretion. Both GPR84-shRNA and GPR84-antagonist 3 improved neurological deficits in SAH-model mice. Mechanistically, GPR84 activated the NLRP3 inflammasome via the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway to aggravate neuronal injury.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>GPR84 promotes NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis and activated NLRP3 inflammation via cAMP/PKA pathway.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}