Brain and Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of the Maturation of the Median Nerve in Preterm-Born Children During the First 3 Years of Life Using High-Resolution Nerve Ultrasound Imaging","authors":"Lynn Jansen,&nbsp;Noé Bürke,&nbsp;Erin West,&nbsp;Janina Wurster,&nbsp;Philip J. Broser","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70954","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70954","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare the development of the peripheral nervous systems of preterm- and term-born children from birth to 3 years of age by imaging the median nerve.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Measuring the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the median nerve at three locations along the arm in term-born (control group) and preterm-born children (study group) using high-resolution ultrasound imaging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The data revealed a steady myelination that follows a logarithmic curve when considering the increase of the CSA of the median nerve relative to body surface area (BSA) in preterm-born children. Therefore, while the CSA of the median nerve was smaller in premature babies at the time of birth, the maturation of the nerve is comparable for preterm- and term-born children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Interpretation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study analyzed how the peripheral nervous system of preterm children develops compared to full-term children and found no differences in terms of median nerve development. Further, these findings align with previous research documenting a logarithmic increase in the CSA of the median nerve with age in full-term infants. This research could be helpful for enabling the use of high-resolution ultrasound imaging as a diagnostic tool for the peripheral nervous system of premature infants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12484708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145198150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut Microbiota Influences Meningioma Pathogenesis via Circulating Metabolites: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Xuan Chen, Hui Tian, Lihui Han, Wenzhe Xu","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Meningiomas are common solitary intracranial tumors without any apparent risk factors. In light of the growing interest in gut microbiome-brain tumor interactions, this investigation sought to explore potential links between intestinal microbial communities and meningioma pathogenesis, while also exploring the potential mediating role of specific metabolites.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To investigate potential causal links between intestinal microbial communities and meningioma development, we implemented a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach examining 196 microbial taxa. Our analytical strategy incorporated a two-stage MR methodology to pinpoint potential mediating factors. Furthermore, we performed comprehensive mediation analyses to assess the degree to which particular metabolic intermediates might influence the observed microbiota-meningioma associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight distinct microbial taxa exhibited potential causal associations with meningioma development. Among the identified taxa, genus Lachnoclostridium (odds ratio [OR]: 0.60; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.41, 0.89; p = 0.010) and class Lentisphaeria (OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.95; p = 0.017) were suggestively associated with a reduced risk of meningioma, whereas family Oxalobacteraceae (OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.58; p = 0.018) suggested a positive association with the risk of meningioma. An exploratory mediation analysis suggested that the relationships between genus Lachnoclostridium, class Lentisphaeria, and family Oxalobacteraceae and meningioma were mediated by the histidine to pyruvate ratio, hydroxymalonate, and 1-linoleoylglycerol. Each of these accounted for 10.65%, 10.78%, and 11.82%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This investigation provides preliminary evidence that intestinal microbial communities play a contributory role in meningioma pathogenesis, with circulating metabolites potentially serving as key intermediaries in this microbiota-meningioma axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":"e70973"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AQP4-ab-Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Increases the Risk of Hydrocephalus: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Weitao Zhong, Weisong Li, Qiwei Huang, Zelin Li, Qiang Wang, Wangming Zhang","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Some observational studies indicated that AQP4-ab-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) may predispose to hydrocephalus. However, the causal relationship between NMOSD and hydrocephalus remains elusive. We used bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the causal effect of AQP4-ab-positive NMOSD and hydrocephalus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The exposure GWAS data used in this study were obtained from the GWAS Catalog, which included 132 AQP4-ab-positive patients and 1244 normal controls. The outcome GWAS data for hydrocephalus (N__case = 2455, N__control = 382,198) were obtained from FinnGen R10. We used the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method to perform the principal analyses. Then, we used the Cochrane Q-statistics test to assess the presence of heterogeneity and MR-Egger‑intercept test to evaluate the pleiotropy for sensitivity analyses. A reverse MR analysis was used to investigate the potential for reverse causation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the IVW analysis, we found that genetically predicted AQP4-ab-positive NMOSD was significantly associated with the increasing risk of hydrocephalus (OR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02-1.08; p = 7.65 × 10^-5). In reverse MR analysis, we did not find genetically predicted hydrocephalus significantly associated with AQP4-ab-positive NMOSD (p > 0.05). In the sensitivity analysis, both the primary and reverse MR results exhibit no heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our results indicate that genetically predicted AQP4-ab-positive NMOSD significantly increases the risk of hydrocephalus. The reduced immune activity of AQP4 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of hydrocephalus.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":"e70804"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing a Model Using Clock-Related lncRNAs for Predicting the Tumor Microenvironment of Gliomas.","authors":"Mingjie Gong, Chengfa Sun, Zhenhua Shi, Junxiang Wang, Weiwei Zhai, Zhengquan Yu","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.71000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK) and its related genes play important roles in cellular functions. This study aims to construct a predictive model for CLOCK-related genes and identify lncRNAs that may influence Tumor Microenvironment of Glioma.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We included bulk RNA-sequencing data and clinical information for glioma samples from the TCGA and CGGA databases. Univariate Cox and LASSO-Cox analyses were used to screen CLOCK-related genes. Consensus clustering was applied to classify glioma samples, followed by differential gene expression analysis. CLOCK-related lncRNAs were identified through correlation analyses, hub lncRNAs were selected using LASSO-Cox, and their expression was validated by qPCR in cultured glioma cell lines.</p><p><strong>Finding: </strong>We identified nine CLOCK-related genes, and unsupervised clustering based on these genes divided glioma samples into three clusters. Enrichment analysis revealed that genes differentially expressed between the high CLOCK-related cluster and other clusters were enriched in immune-related molecular functions. Co-expression analysis detected 102 potentially correlated lncRNAs. We constructed a CLOCK-related lncRNA risk score based on 31 of these lncRNAs. Subsequent multivariable Cox analysis identified 9 hub lncRNAs, and accuracy testing demonstrated the model's good performance. Immune infiltration analysis showed higher stromal, immune, and ESTIMATE scores in the high CLOCK-related lncRNA score group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CLOCK-related RNAs and lncRNAs play distinct roles within the glioma microenvironment. These findings offer new insights into the challenges that need to be addressed when using immunotherapeutic approaches to treat gliomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":"e71000"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Among Individuals With Depression: A Large-Scale Cohort Study.","authors":"Yue Chai, Guoxin Wang, Shumin Zhu, Congzhen Wei, Runsen Du, Zining Liu, Shuo Zhao, Li Yang, Yulan Geng","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between mortality in depressed patients and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is not well-documented.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study, involving 8749 individuals diagnosed with depression, was derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018. Data on mortality were obtained by linking the cohort database to the National Death Index, with updates available as of December 31, 2019. Various analytical techniques, including Cox proportional hazards models, restricted cubic splines, Kaplan-Meier curves, and subgroup and sensitivity analyses, were employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During an average follow-up period of 84 months, 1023 participants (11.7%) died, with 271 of these deaths attributed to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Our analysis demonstrated a positive connection among the NLR as well as mortality risk in all participants. In contrast to participants in the low NLR category (NLR ≤ 3.06), individuals belonging to the high NLR category (NLR > 3.06) exhibited a 64% increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.36-1.95) and a 144% elevated risk of mortality due to CVD (HR 2.44, 95%CI 1.77-3.36) after multivariate adjustment. The interactions and data stratification supported the credibility of our results. Importantly, we discovered notable interactions within subgroups that were differentiated by age and diabetes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated levels of the NLR are linked to a heightened risk of mortality from all causes, including CVD, among adults suffering from depression. This correlation is particularly pronounced in younger populations and in individuals who have diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":"e70983"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomes miR-369-3p Alleviates Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage by Promoting Ferroptosis of M1 Microglia via Inhibiting iNOS/GPX4 Axis.","authors":"Jian Fang, Feiyun Qin, Pengcheng Xu, Xintong Zhao, Zihuan Zhang, Dayong Xia, Jiaqiang Liu, Jiajia Yu, Liying Hu, Yuchen Wang, Zhenbao Li, Niansheng Lai","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70966","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ferroptosis in pathophysiological mechanisms in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH-EBI) has been demonstrated. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in various aspects of neurological disorders. A growing number of studies suggest that intense inflammation mediated by M1 microglia after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) may lead to neurological damage. According to our research and related reports, exosomal miR-369-3p is involved in the pathophysiological process of SAH, and miR-369-3p has a potentially central role in regulating inflammatory responses. Therefore, targeted delivery of miR-369-3p across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) into the brain to alleviate SAH-EBI is a promising therapeutic approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we extracted exosomes from RBCs and then modified RVG peptide onto the exosome surface using the click chemistry principle. Finally, miR-369-3p mimic was loaded into the RVG peptide-modified exosomes to form RVG-Exo/miR-369-3p (RVG-Exo/miR) by electroporation. Tail vein injection of RVG-Exo/miR was used to achieve delivery of miR-369-3p into the brain of SAH mice. The effect of miR-369-3p on SAH-EBI was examined by neurobehavioral scores, brain water content, Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) staining, and Nissl staining. MDA and GSH kits were used to assess the extent of ferroptosis occurrence. Western blotting analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and qRT-PCR were used to detect the levels of each protein, mRNA, and miRNA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The exosome system (RVG-Exo/miR) successfully delivered miR-369-3p to the mouse central nervous system across the blood-brain barrierBBB. This exosomal system reduced the number of M1 microglia by enhancing their sensitivity to ferroptosis by inhibiting the expression of iNOS and GPX4. In addition, miR-369-3p treatment alleviated neurobehavioral disorders, brain edema, and neuronal damage after SAH-EBI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RVG-Exo/miR promotes ferroptosis in M1 microglia by inhibiting the iNOS/GPX4 axis, which may be a new and effective therapeutic strategy for treating SAH-EBI.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":"e70966"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12515105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145273820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Eye as a Window to Brain Health: Can Retinal Imaging and AI Modeling Predict Alzheimer's Disease?","authors":"Eniola Awodiya","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70890","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70890","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a review article to evaluate clinical evidence for the vascular model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and elucidate the extent to which retinal imaging with AI modeling can be useful in earlier diagnosis of the condition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>I comprehensively reviewed the literature on the current understanding of AD pathology and emerging role of the neurovascular system. I reviewed the evidence for retinal vascular biomarkers that can predict the presence of cognitive impairments seen in AD and AI models that utilize these to diagnose and elucidate pathophysiology for the condition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is found that retinal imaging offers a non-invasive and cost-effective way to detect AD-related neurovascular changes and, when coupled with AI, holds a transformative role in improving screening, diagnostics, and our understanding of the disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is evidence to suggest that retinal imaging can provide an earlier diagnosis of the condition. This can change the practice by encouraging lifestyle modification as crucial in modifying the progression of the disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12484699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145198122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Short-Term Blood Pressure Variability and the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum.","authors":"Xinying Zou, Qiwei Ren, Wenyi Li, Shirui Jiang, Linlin Wang, Shiyi Yang, Min Zhao, Tianlin Jiang, Huiying Zhang, Fenshuang Zheng, Jun Xu, Jiwei Jiang","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emerging evidence indicates that blood pressure variability (BPV) is a modifiable vascular risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Herein, we aimed to systematically evaluate the potential role of short-term BPV across the AD continuum.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 263 patients on the AD continuum from the Chinese Imaging, Biomarkers, and Lifestyle study between January 1, 2023, and December 31, 2023. 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed to obtain blood pressure measurements and evaluate BPV. Partial Spearman's correlation and restricted cubic spline analysis were performed to assess the associations between BPV and neuropsychological tests, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, and multimodal neuroimaging measures, respectively. The mediating effects of multimodal neuroimaging measures on the association between BPV and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The elevated standard deviation (SD) and average real variability of nightly diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were correlated with higher Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) scores (r = 0.19, p = 0.034; r = 0.22, p = 0.013). The increased SD of nightly systolic blood pressure (SBP) was correlated with increased Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) scores and total tau levels (r = 0.20, p = 0.026; r = 0.17, p = 0.027), and elevated coefficient of variation (CV) of nightly SBP was correlated with higher HAMA scores and lower Aβ_42/40 levels (r = 0.20, p = 0.026; r = -0.18, p = 0.021). The nightly variability of SBP showed an inverted U-shaped relationship with Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores (P for nonlinear = 0.008; P for nonlinear = 0.015; P for nonlinear = 0.021). The left cuneus volume mediated 29.41% of the association between the CV of nightly SBP and HAMA scores, while the right medial orbitofrontal thickness mediated 35.44% of the association between the CV of nightly DBP and NPI scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that short-term BPV may play a role in the AD continuum. These findings provide evidence of a vascular pathway to AD, as well as a potential and accessible intervention target for patients on the AD continuum.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":"e70990"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Retrospective and Post-GWAS Analyses Reveal Mechanisms Linking Nightly Short Sleep to Asthma.","authors":"Chong Fu, Wei Xu, Yanping Zhang","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.71001","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;This study employs a dual-pronged approach, integrating retrospective cohort analysis with genetic methodologies, to elucidate the causal role of nightly short sleep in the pathogenesis of asthma and to unravel its underpinning biological mechanisms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study employed a dual-evidence framework for a comprehensive analysis. The retrospective cohort component utilized data from 6770 participants in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to assess the dose-response relationship and risk thresholds for asthma incidence via multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, and segmented regression models. The genetic analysis component integrated large-scale Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data for nightly short sleep from the UK Biobank and for asthma from the FinnGen biobank. A suite of methodologies, including Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression (LDSC), High-Definition Likelihood (HDL), Pleiotropic Analysis under Composite Null Hypothesis, (PLACO), Colocalization (COLOC), and Summary-data-based Mendelian Randomization (SMR), was employed to evaluate genetic correlations and identify shared loci. To infer causality, this study applied a battery of advanced, robust MR models-including Mendelian Randomization-Clustering (MR-Clust), Maximum Likelihood Mendelian Randomization (MRcML), Contamination Mixture (ConMix), and CAUSE-to systematically correct for and evaluate the influence of horizontal pleiotropy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The cohort regression analysis revealed that increased sleep duration confers a significant protective effect against asthma (Model 3: OR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.75-0.92). A pronounced dose-response trend was observed (P for trend &lt; 0.0004), wherein longer sleep corresponded to lower risk. Further analysis with restricted cubic splines confirmed a U-shaped, nonlinear relationship, identifying a risk inflection point at 7.5 h of sleep. Subgroup analyses indicated that this protective effect was robust across diverse age, gender, and lifestyle strata, with no significant interaction effects detected (all P-interaction &gt; 0.05). At the genetic level, a significant positive genetic correlation was established between nightly short sleep and asthma (LDSC rg = 0.257; HDL rg = 0.247, with p &lt; 0.001 for both). Colocalization analysis identified three shared causal loci (rs6939576, rs13107325, and rs205024) with distinct protein-altering and regulatory functions. Subsequent SMR analysis identified three shared causal genes-TBX6, ABT1, and YPEL3-with directionally consistent effects. Consistent evidence from multiple analytical models-including MR-cML (β = 0.927, p = 0.0009), ConMix (β = 1.585, p = 0.0006), and CAUSE (favoring the causal model, ΔELPD = -3.3; causal effect γ = 0.54)-supports the conclusion that genetically predicted nightly short sleep is a causal factor for an increased risk of asthma.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":"e71001"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Postnatal Infection With Human Cytomegalovirus Has Long-Term Consequences on Brain Structure of Former Preterm Born Children.","authors":"Meike Müller, Karen Lidzba, Christian Gaser, Till-Karsten Hauser, Rangmar Goelz, Klaus Hamprecht, Marko Wilke","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Congenital infection with human Cytomegalovirus (hCMV) is a common cause of severe neurodevelopmental disability, while postnatal infection of a term-born infant will usually not lead to an adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. In preterm-born infants, long-term consequences of an early postnatal hCMV infection (usually via breast milk) are still controversial. This is highly relevant as preventative measures exist.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data of 37 preterm-born children (PT; ≤ 32 weeks of gestation and/or weighing ≤ 1500 g) was included. Of these, 14 acquired an early postnatal infection with hCMV (PT_hCMV+), while 23 did not (PT_hCMV-). Further, 38 healthy term-born participants (FT) were included. Overall median age was 13.6 years (range 7.9-17.8 years). Global and local tissue volumes and brain surface parameters were analyzed. Consequences of prematurity were detected by comparing FT and PT, and sequelae of hCMV infection by comparing PT_hCMV- and PT_hCMV+.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Compared to FT, PT showed lower global gray matter (GM); interestingly, PT_hCMV+ showed a trend toward higher global GM than PT_hCMV-. Several clusters of local GM differed in volume between PT and FT, but none as a function of hCMV infection. Surface analyses between PT and FT identified predominantly right-hemispheric regions of lower cortical thickness in PT. Unexpectedly, widespread clusters of higher cortical thickness were found bilaterally in predominantly frontal brain regions in PT_hCMV+ compared to PT_hCMV-, demonstrating a lasting effect of hCMV infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found lower global and local GM volumes due to of prematurity. Additionally, we demonstrate long-term effects of early postnatal hCMV infection on brain structure in PT, markedly different from those resulting from prematurity alone. This suggests distinct long-term cerebral consequences of early postnatal hCMV infection in former preterm-born children above and beyond those attributable to prematurity. Consequently, efforts to avoid HCMV infection in preterm-born infants should be implemented.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":"e70985"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}