Brain and Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Causal relationship between insomnia and thyroid disease: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Zhonghui Li,&nbsp;Zonghang Jia,&nbsp;Peng Zhou,&nbsp;Qingqing He","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70046","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Some correlations between thyroid disorders and insomnia have been found in previous studies; however, the causal relationship between them is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between insomnia and five thyroid disorders (hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We assessed the causal relationship between insomnia and thyroid disorders using inverse variance weighted, weighted median, and Mendelian randomization (MR)-Egger analyses in MR analyses and then used inverse MR analyses to assess the causal relationship between thyroid disorders and insomnia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MR analysis showed that insomnia did not increase the risk of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer. However, reverse MR analysis showed that thyroid cancer increased the risk of insomnia (OR = 1.01, 95%CI: 1.00–1.02, <i>p</i> = .01), and the other four thyroid disorders had no direct causal relationship with insomnia. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the results were robust and no pleiotropy or heterogeneity was detected.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study did not find evidence of a bidirectional causal relationship between genetically predicted insomnia and hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and thyroid nodules. However, we found that although insomnia does not increase the risk of thyroid cancer, thyroid cancer does increase the risk of insomnia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies to overcome mental health stigma: Insights and recommendations from young people with major depressive disorder (MDD)","authors":"Katie Prizeman,&nbsp;Netta Weinstein,&nbsp;Ciara McCabe","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70028","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Young people with depression are met with stigma related to their mental health, which exacerbates loneliness, social isolation, and depression symptoms. While disclosing depression could improve one's mental health, stigma can also make social interactions more challenging and reduce the likelihood of receiving treatment. This research explored young people's experiences with stigma and recommendations for addressing it.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Semi-structured interviews conducted with <i>N </i>= 35 young people aged 18–25 years (<i>M_age</i> = 20.09) were analyzed with thematic analysis. Participants met the criteria for clinical depression using the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (score &gt;27) or had recently obtained a medical diagnosis (<i>N </i>= 18) of depression by a medical professional.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants faced stigma when deciding to disclose their depression, which fed into a vicious cycle influencing feelings of loneliness, social isolation, and withdrawal. Their recommendations for others to avoid this cycle can be summarized under three main themes: (1) Social affirmation: identify allies and build meaningful connections; (2) Self-affirmation: build a constructive relationship with the self; and (3) Societal affirmation: structural changes are needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current research indicates that social, self-, and societal affirmation are considered important for reducing the detrimental impacts of stigma. Policies and programs are needed that provide mental health support to young people, and public awareness campaigns that guide young people to appropriate resources (i.e., support and intervention) via governmental public health bodies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142267009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subclinical hyperthyroidism and the risk of dementia: A meta-analysis","authors":"Qiao Liu,&nbsp;Chaoyin Lu,&nbsp;Mengdie Chen,&nbsp;Ping Feng","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70037","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accumulating evidence suggests that thyroid dysfunction may be related to the risk of dementia. However, previous studies evaluating the association between subclinical hyperthyroidism and the risk of dementia showed inconsistent results. This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the relationship between subclinical hyperthyroidism and the incidence of dementia in the general population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cohort studies relevant were retrieved by searching the electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. A random-effects model was used to combine the data by incorporating the influence of between-study heterogeneity. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to investigate the source of heterogeneity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nine cohort studies including 49,218 community-derived participants were included. Among them, 3177 (6.5%) had subclinical hyperthyroidism at baseline. During a mean follow-up of 10.2 years, 4044 participants developed dementia. The pooled results showed that compared to the participants with euthyroidism, those with subclinical hyperthyroidism had a higher incidence of dementia (risk ratio: 1.38, 95% confidence interval: 1.09 to 1.74, <i>p</i> = .006; <i>I</i>² = 47%). Subgroup analyses according to study design, age of the participants, methods for diagnosis of dementia, or analytic model did not significantly change the results. The univariate meta-regression showed that the cutoff of thyroid-stimulating hormone for defining subclinical hyperthyroidism negatively affected the association between subclinical hyperthyroidism and dementia (coefficient: –1.44, <i>p</i> = .009), which completely explained the heterogeneity (residual <i>I</i>² = 0%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Subjects with subclinical hyperthyroidism may have a higher risk of dementia compared to those with euthyroidism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142267016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurosarcoidosis: Clinical, biological, and MRI presentation of central nervous system disease in a national multicenter cohort","authors":"Amélie Dos santos,&nbsp;Edouard Courtin,&nbsp;Aurélie Ruet,&nbsp;Pierre Duffau,&nbsp;Guillaume Mathey,&nbsp;Ines Bekkour,&nbsp;Jonathan Ciron,&nbsp;Laure Michel,&nbsp;François Xavier Blanc,&nbsp;Jésus Aguilar,&nbsp;Pascal Lejeune,&nbsp;Guillaume Marc,&nbsp;David Laplaud,&nbsp;Armelle Magot,&nbsp;Mohamed Hamidou,&nbsp;Sandrine Wiertlewski","doi":"10.1002/brb3.3443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.3443","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neurosarcoidosis (NS) is a systemic inflammatory granulomatous disease affecting of patients with sarcoidosis. Its diagnosis is difficult as there is no specific test for it. Because of its rarity, the management of NS has so far only been described in case series and short retrospective cohorts. The objective of this study is description of the clinical, paraclinical presentation and the therapeutic management of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in NS patients in France.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This multicenter, retrospective, observational study involved patients hospitalized between 2010 and 2019 with a diagnosis of sarcoidosis and CNS involvement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 118 patients (38 with isolated NS, 80 with NS associated with systemic sarcoidosis). NS was the initial presentation in 78% of patients, with cranial nerve involvement (36%), medullary symptoms (23%), and seizures (21%). Twenty-one percent of the patients had already been diagnosed with systemic sarcoidosis. The most frequent biological abnormality was lymphopenia (62.5%), while angiotensin-converting enzyme was increased in 21%. Meningitis was present in 45% and hyperproteinorachia in 69.5% of cases. MRI mainly revealed white matter abnormalities and leptomeningeal enhancement (34%). Corticosteroids were the most useful treatment, and immunosuppressive agents were used in steroid-resistant patients and to limit side effects. Methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, and anti-TNFα were also used, exhibiting good efficacy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cohort contributes to a better understanding of the clinical phenotype and associated imaging and biological abnormalities. Sharing of clinical, biological, and imaging data, as well as the therapeutic responses, of patients with NS helps to better understand and manage this disease that affects a small number of patients per center. A database project could be implemented in the future to enable this.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.3443","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motor unit number index in Bell's palsy: A potential electrophysiological biomarker for early evaluation","authors":"Mengjie Chen,&nbsp;Mingxia Zhu,&nbsp;Xiuli Li,&nbsp;Jingtao Pi,&nbsp;Xinhong Feng","doi":"10.1002/brb3.3632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.3632","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reliable, noninvasive early diagnostics of neuromuscular function in Bell's palsy, which causes facial paralysis and reduced quality of life, remain to be established. Here, we aimed to evaluate the utility of the motor unit number index (MUNIX) for the quantitative electrophysiological assessment of early-stage Bell's palsy, its correlation with clinical assessments, changes following treatment, and association with clinical prognosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MUNIX measures were recorded from the bilateral zygomaticus, orbicularis oculi, and orbicularis oris muscles of 10 healthy individuals and 64 patients with Bell's palsy. The patients were assessed by two specialist neurologists using the House–Brackmann and Sunnybrook Facial Grading Systems. Repeat assessments were performed on 20 patients with Bell's palsy who received treatment. Additionally, the 64 patients were reassessed using clinical scales after a 1-month interval.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MUNIX values of the main affected muscles on the affected side were lower than those on the healthy side in patients with Bell's palsy (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). The MUNIX measurements significantly correlated with the clinical facial nerve palsy scale scores (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). Significant improvements were observed in the MUNIX values on repeat testing following treatment (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). The baseline motor unit size index (the compound muscle action potential amplitude divided by MUNIX) was positively associated with improved clinical presentation after 1 month (<i>p</i> &lt; .05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MUNIX can be used as an electrophysiological biomarker for the quantitative assessment of facial nerve palsy and treatment response, and as a prognostic biomarker, in patients with early Bell's palsy, and is recommended as a complement to conventional neurophysiological examinations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.3632","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social determinants of health on attitudes toward childbearing among women with multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Nahid Abbasi Khoshsirat,&nbsp;Romina Mokaram,&nbsp;Zohreh Mahmoodi,&nbsp;Ehsan Shahrestanaki,&nbsp;Nooshin Ghavidel","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pregnancy and motherhood are very valuable but challenging for women with multiple sclerosis (MS). Given that there are limited studies in this field, this study aimed to determine the social determinants of health on attitudes toward childbearing among women with MS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a cross-sectional study on 206 women with MS in Alborz province, Iran, from February to June 2023 using convenience sampling. The data were collected using the questionnaire, and a linear regression analysis was applied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age of the participants was 36.80 ± 6.50 years. Participants’ Attitudes toward Fertility and Childbearing (PAFC) had a positive significant association with social support (<i>B</i> = .10, SE = .04, <i>p</i> = .023) and a significant negative association with the total score of depression, anxiety, and stress scale (<i>B</i> = −.13, SE = .06, <i>p</i> = .047) and depression (<i>B</i> = −.40, SE = .18, <i>p</i> = .023). However, the association between anxiety (<i>B</i> = −.25, SE = .20, <i>p</i> = .211), stress (<i>B</i> = −.36, SE = .18, <i>p</i> = .050), MS severity (<i>B</i> = .04, SE = .30, <i>p</i> = .890), and socioeconomic status scale (SES) (<i>B</i> = −.08, SE = .32, <i>p</i> = .806) was nonsignificant with PAFC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results showed that factors, including social support and mental health especially depression, can affect PAFC in women with MS. Therefore, it is necessary to determine specific strategies for policymakers to help MS patients manage pregnancy and motherhood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of obesity indicators with cognitive function among US adults aged 60 years and older: Results from NHANES","authors":"Leian Chen,&nbsp;Ying Hou,&nbsp;Yu Sun,&nbsp;Dantao Peng","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Midlife obesity is a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, but the effects of obesity on cognitive function, either detrimental or beneficial, are controversial among older individuals. This study aims to assess this associations of body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC) with cognitive function among United States older individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional research study was conducted utilizing data from the 2011 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Initially, the study compared differences in cognitive function among the normal weight, overweight, and obese groups. Subsequently, we examined the relationships between BMI or WC and cognitive function using multivariate linear regression. Finally, structural equation models were constructed to assess the relationships among body shape, lifestyle, and cognitive function pathways.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 2254 individuals. Obese subjects had lower scores in the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) word list learning tasks (CERAD-WL) (<i>χ</i>² = 7.804, <i>p</i> = .020) and digit symbol substitution test (<i>χ</i>² = 8.869, <i>p</i> = .012). The regression analysis showed that WC was negatively connected with the CERAD-WL score after adjusting for confounding factors (<i>β</i> = −.029, <i>p</i> = .045). Moreover, WC had a mediating effect on the path from lifestyle to cognition (CERAD-WL). However, there was no difference in the CERAD delayed recall score and the animal fluency test between the obese and the other groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obese older adults exhibited impaired cognitive abilities in terms of learning and working memory performance. The impact of lifestyle on cognition was mediated by obesity-related anthropometric indices. Sleep, physical activity, and diet influenced the degree of obesity, which subsequently determined cognitive function. Prioritizing weight management in elderly people is crucial for safeguarding cognitive function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fostering resilience and post-traumatic growth in overseas Chinese left-behind children: The role of autonomy, competence, and relatedness","authors":"Shengyu Zhao,&nbsp;Ke Zhang,&nbsp;Yingying Lin,&nbsp;Li Han,&nbsp;Chuanjing Liao,&nbsp;Rufang Ye,&nbsp;Meng Na,&nbsp;Syed Shah Alam","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines the impact of parental migration on the psychological well-being and development of left-behind children (LBCs) in Zhejiang, China, within the broader context of the country's rural transformations and urban migration. It investigates how intellectual and relational engagement (RE), autonomy (AUT), competence (COM), and relatedness (RES) contribute to resilience (REL) and post-traumatic growth (PTG) in these children, reflecting on the shift from viewing parental separation merely as a source of trauma to recognizing its potential to foster significant personal growth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Utilizing a cross-sectional design, the research was conducted in April and May 2023 with 1348 LBCs from a total sample of 4049 students inZhejiang. A two-step random, stratified, cluster-based sampling strategy was employed, and structural equation modeling was used to examine the hypothesized relationships among the constructs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The statistical analysis demonstrated significant positive effects of intellectual engagement (IE), AUT, COM, and RE on both REL and PTG (<i>p</i> &lt; .05 for all). IE strongly correlated with AUT (<i>r</i> = .68, <i>p</i> &lt; .001) and COM (<i>r</i> = .71, <i>p</i> &lt; .001), enhancing REL and facilitating PTG. Additionally, the presence of secure and consistent relationships was identified as crucial for maintaining psychological well-being, with high correlation coefficients (<i>r</i> &gt; .60) underscoring their importance. Notably, REL was found to moderate the relationships among RES, COM, and PTG, highlighting its critical role in the psychological adaptation of left-behind children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study underscores the importance of nurturing intellectual and REs, AUT, and COM to enhance psychological REL and well-being among LBAs. These elements are crucial for supporting the mental health and developmental needs of children facing the challenges of parental migration. The findings advocate for targeted interventions that can address the unique needs of this vulnerable population, emphasizing the potential for growth and adaptation despite adversities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An epigenome-wide study of a needs-based family intervention for offspring of trauma-exposed mothers in Kosovo","authors":"Joanne Ryan,&nbsp;Aung Zaw Zaw Phyo,&nbsp;Sebahate Pacolli Krasniqi,&nbsp;Selvi Izeti Carkaxhiu,&nbsp;Peter Fransquet,&nbsp;Sara Helene Kaas-Petersen,&nbsp;Dafina Arifaj Limani,&nbsp;Vjosa Devaja Xhemaili,&nbsp;Mimoza Salihu,&nbsp;Qendresa Prapashtica,&nbsp;Nebahate Zekaj,&nbsp;Vesa Turjaka,&nbsp;Shr-Jie Wang,&nbsp;Feride Rushiti,&nbsp;Line Hjort","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70029","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Maternal stress and trauma during pregnancy have been shown to influence cortisol levels and epigenetic patterns, including DNA methylation, in the offspring. This study aimed to determine whether a tailor-made family intervention could help reduce cortisol levels in children born to traumatized mothers, and to determine whether it effected offspring DNA methylation. The secondary aim was to determine whether the family intervention influenced DNA methylation aging, a marker of biological aging.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A needs-based family intervention was designed to help address relational difficulties and family functioning, and included a focus on family strengths and problem-solving patterns. Women survivors of sexual violence during the Kosovar war in 1998–1999, and their families (children with or without partners) were randomly assigned to 10 sessions of a family therapy over a 3–5-month period, or to a waitlist control group. Both mothers and children completed assessments prior to and after the intervention phase. Children's blood samples collected at these two time points were used to measure cortisol and epigenome-wide DNA methylation patterns (Illumina EPIC array). Cortisol levels, and genome-wide DNA methylation changes pre-/postintervention were compared between children in the intervention and the waitlist groups. DNA methylation age and accelerated biological aging were calculated.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Sixty-two women–child dyads completed the study, 30 were assigned first to the intervention group, and 32 to the waitlist control group. In adjusted linear regression, the family intervention was associated with a significant decline in cortisol levels compared to the waitlist control (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = −124.72, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −197.4 to −52.1, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = .001). Children in the intervention group, compared to the waitlist control group, showed &gt;1% differential methylation degree at 5819 CpG (5'—C—phosphate—G—3') sites across the genome (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .01), with the largest methylation difference being 21%. However, none of these differences reached genome-wide significant levels. There was no significant difference in DNA methylation aging between the two groups.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We find evidence that a tailored family-based intervention reduced stress levels in the children (based on cortisol levels), and modified DNA methylation levels at a number of sites across the genome. This study provides some pre","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain neuroscience education and motor imagery-based exercise protocol for patients with fibromyalgia: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Selin Kircali,&nbsp;Öznur Özge Özcan,&nbsp;Mesut Karahan","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study is a randomized controlled, biopsychosocial study investigating the effectiveness of pain neuroscience education (PNE) and motor imagery-based exercise protocol (MIEP) on fibromyalgia pain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study has four groups (MIEP <i>n</i> = 12, PNE <i>n</i> = 12, MIEP + PNE <i>n</i> = 14, Control <i>n</i> = 12) and all participants (<i>n</i> = 50) consist of patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia with chronic back pain. The primary outcome measure was pain intensity, and secondary outcome measures were beliefs, kinesiophobia, anxiety–depression, cognitive–mood, self-esteem, and body awareness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A statistically significant decrease in pain intensity was observed in all experimental groups, without any group being superior (Visual Analog Scale [VAS]: MIEP + PNE <i>p</i> = .003, 95% confidence interval [CI], −4.7078 to −0.9922; MIEP <i>p</i> = .003, 95% CI, −5.4806 to −1.0194; PNE <i>p</i> = .002, 95% CI, −3.6139 to −1.5461). There was a significant improvement in organic beliefs in both groups where PNE was applied (MIEP + PNE: <i>p</i> = .017, 95% CI, −7.8211 to −0.3189; PNE: <i>p</i> = .003, 95% CI, −9.7999 to −0.0401). A significant superiority in organic pain beliefs was detected in the MIEP + PNE group compared to the control group (<i>p</i> = .008, 95% CI, 1.7241–9.4959).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>According to this study, in which MIEP and PNE were combined, there was a decrease in pain intensity when both applications were applied together and when they were applied one by one. MIEP has improved her motor imagery ability, improved pain and increased body awareness. PNE has improved people's organic pain beliefs; removed people from fears, catastrophizing, and negative thoughts about pain; improved easier management of psychological processes and cognitive–emotion regulation ability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}