Brain and Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Midazolam and Dexmedetomidine on Cognitive Dysfunction Following Open-Heart Surgery: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Masoomeh Tabari,&nbsp;Ali Moradi,&nbsp;Golbon Asalforoush Rezaieh,&nbsp;Malihe Aghasizadeh","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70421","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients undergoing open-heart surgery often face significant challenges in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). There has been growing interest in understanding how anesthesia medications, such as dexmedetomidine (DEX) and midazolam, impact cognitive function in these patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This comprehensive review aims to detail the effect of DEX and midazolam on cognitive outcomes following open-heart surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Midazolam, a highly selective and commonly used benzodiazepine for preoperative anxiolytics and sedation has been associated with POCD. However, evidence regarding its impact on cognitive function is vague; some studies suggest a potential link between midazolam administration and cognitive impairment, while others report no effect or even an improvement in cognitive abilities. DEX is a potential neuroprotective agent in cardiac surgery. The effects of DEX on cognitive function, including a reduction in POCD incidence and severity, have been reported in several studies. It modulates the inflammatory responses, attenuates oxidative stress, and preserves cerebral perfusion. Although DEX and midazolam show promising results, their effects on cognitive function following open-heart surgery are yet to be elucidated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Various factors, including patient characteristics, perioperative management, and surgical procedures, may influence these outcomes, highlighting the need for further research to better understand the roles of these agents in cognitive function following open-heart surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70421","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic Inflammatory Factors and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study","authors":"Hao Wang,&nbsp;Ziji Cheng,&nbsp;Zixuan Xu,&nbsp;Min Wang,&nbsp;Xingyang Sun,&nbsp;Wen Liu,&nbsp;Jingtian Wang,&nbsp;Qian Yang,&nbsp;Tuo Zhang,&nbsp;Jie Song,&nbsp;Yanjun Du,&nbsp;Xiaoming Zhang","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70478","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study employed Mendelian randomization to scrutinize the causal connections that may exist between 91 distinct inflammatory markers and six neuropsychiatric disorders, namely Alzheimer's disease (AD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD), anxiety disorders (ANX), depressive disorders (DEP), and unexplained encephalopathy (UE).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The methodology utilized involved the standard inverse variance weighting method within a two-sample, two-way Mendelian randomization framework and integrated statistics from genome-wide association studies. To ascertain the robustness of the identified causal associations, sensitivity analyses were performed with the aid of the MR-Egger method and the weighted median test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results revealed that 14 distinct systemic inflammatory modulators are potentially causally linked to the risk of developing various neuropsychiatric disorders. Specifically, five were associated with AD, eight with ANX, six with DEP, and one with UE. However, the causal associations involving systemic inflammatory markers with PD and MS require further investigation, particularly with the identification of additional significant genetic variants. Furthermore, the concentration levels of 33 systemic inflammatory factors could be modulated by the occurrence of neuropsychiatric conditions, indicated by this study. These include five affected by AD, eight by PD, six by MS, 12 by ANX, five by DEP, and five by UE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70478","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subcortical Brain Regions Associated With Seizure Risk in Patients With IDH Mutated Diffuse Gliomas","authors":"Ann Westermark,&nbsp;Markus Fahlström,&nbsp;Sadia Mirza,&nbsp;Maria Zetterling,&nbsp;Eva Kumlien,&nbsp;Francesco Latini","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70477","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Intro</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seizure incidence in diffuse glioma ranges between 60% and 90%. This study aimed to investigate the association between seizures and diffuse glioma in subcortical and cortical brain regions, including white matter tracts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adult patients with diffuse glioma at Uppsala University Hospital from 2005 to 2021 were analysed retrospectively. The relationship between tumour location in specific brain voxels and preoperative seizures was examined concerning white matter tract involvement. Tumour volumes were segmented based on T2-weighted or FLAIR MRI after spatial normalisation to standard space (MNI) and combined to create a location-specific frequency map.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 93 patients meeting the inclusion criteria, 70 (75%) experienced seizures. A significant decreased risk was found in tumours present within the left fronto-mesial and dorsal voxel (A3C1S1). Increased seizure risk was found in tumours located in the left supramarginal and posterior insular voxel (A4C2S3). The voxels differed in terms of type and extent of white matter networks. Additionally, there was a difference in seizure risk and voxel associations between oligodendrogliomas and astrocytoma, with specific voxels associated with seizures identified in both groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study provides new insights into the epileptogenic potential of diffuse gliomas in relation to their spatial distribution, highlighting the need to analyse both cortical and subcortical localisation of tumours. The observed differences in seizure risks across brain regions underscore the need for personalised post-surgery treatment strategies and further research to understand the pathophysiology of brain tumour-related epilepsy, BTRE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70477","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term Effects of Folate Supplementation in Combination With Vitamin B6 for Treating Acute Manic Episodes in Bipolar I Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Farzad Akbarzadeh,&nbsp;Andisheh Talaei,&nbsp;Mohsen Nematy,&nbsp;Dina Ganji,&nbsp;Alireza Ebrahimi,&nbsp;Ali Talaei","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70432","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Drug resistance poses a formidable challenge in managing acute manic episodes in bipolar I disorder, leading to suboptimal treatment outcomes. This study investigates the efficacy of folate and vitamin B6 supplementation as an adjunct to sodium valproate in improving treatment responses for patients experiencing acute mania.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 43 patients diagnosed with bipolar I disorder presenting with acute manic episodes were enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: one receiving folate (5 mg/day) plus vitamin B6 (80 mg/day), a second group receiving folate alone (5 mg/day), and a third group receiving placebo. Evaluations were conducted at baseline and after 3 and 6 weeks using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All groups demonstrated significant clinical improvements after the treatment period; however, the trends in MMSE scores showed no significant differences (<i>p</i> = 0.068). Notably, the reduction in YMRS scores significantly varied across groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, effect size = 0.342), with the folate group demonstrating a significantly greater decrease compared to both the folate/B6 (<i>p</i> = 0.003) and placebo groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Recovery rates revealed that 80% of patients receiving folate showed over a 50% decrease in YMRS scores after 3 weeks, markedly higher than the other groups (<i>p</i> = 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings support the short-term use of folate as a beneficial adjunct in treating acute manic episodes in bipolar I disorder. However, the addition of vitamin B6 did not yield additional advantages. These results may inform future treatment guidelines targeting acute mania in bipolar disorder, advocating for folate supplementation as a potential strategy to enhance therapeutic outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70432","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Acute Stroke Management Questionnaire”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70405","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Adadıoğlu, Ö., B. A. Acar, and T. Acar. 2024. “Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Acute Stroke Management Questionnaire.” <i>Brain and Behavior</i> 14, no. 12: e70191.</p><p>“Funding” section, the text “The authors received no specific funding for this work.” was incorrect. This should have read: “The study was supported by the TUBITAK ULAKBIM.”</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70405","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproducible Effects of Sex and Acquisition Order on Multiple Global Signal Metrics: Implications for Functional Connectivity Studies of Phenotypic Individual Differences Using fMRI","authors":"Henry W. Chase,&nbsp;Danella M. Hafeman,&nbsp;Merage Ghane,&nbsp;Alexander Skeba,&nbsp;Tyler Brady,&nbsp;Haris A. Aslam,&nbsp;Richelle Stiffler,&nbsp;Lisa Bonar,&nbsp;Simona Graur,&nbsp;Genna Bebko,&nbsp;Michele Bertocci,&nbsp;Satish Iyengar,&nbsp;Mary L. Phillips","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70141","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The identification of relationships between individual differences in functional connectivity (FC) and behavior has been the focus of considerable investigation. Although emerging evidence has identified relationships between FC and cognitive performance, relationships between FC and measures of affect, including depressed mood, anhedonia, and anxiety, and decision-making style, including impulsivity and sensation seeking, appear to be more inconsistent across the literature. This may be due to low power, methodological differences across studies, including the use of global signal correction (GSR), or uncontrolled characteristics of the population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we evaluated measures of FC, regional variance, and global signal (GS) across six functional MRI (fMRI) sequences of different tasks and resting states and their relationship with individual differences in self-reported measures of symptoms of depression, anxiety, impulsivity, reward sensitivity, and sensation seeking, as well as demographic variables and acquisition order, within groups of distressed and healthy young adults (18–25 years old).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adopting a training/testing sample structure to the analysis, we found no evidence of reproducible brain/behavior relationships despite identifying regions and connections that reflect reliable between-scan individual differences. However, summary measures of the GS were reproducibly associated with sex: The most consistent finding was an increase in low frequency variance of the blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) signal from all gray matter regions in males relative to females. Post hoc analysis of GS topography yielded sex differences in a number of regions, including cerebellum and putamen. In addition, effects of paradigm acquisition order were observed on GS measures, including an increase in BOLD signal variance across time. In an exploratory analysis, a specific relationship between sex and relative high-frequency within-scanner motion was observed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Together, the findings suggest that FC relationships with affective measures may be inconsistent or modest, but that global phenomena related to state and individual differences can be robust and must be evaluated, particularly in studies of psychiatric disorders such as mood disorders or ADHD, which show sex differences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Ankle-Brachial Index and Risk of Early Neurological Deterioration After Acute Isolated Pontine Infarction","authors":"Dong-Bo Liu,&nbsp;Bing-Xian Zhang,&nbsp;Yao Zhou,&nbsp;Jian-Hua Zhao,&nbsp;Jie-Wen Zhang","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70481","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lower ankle-brachial index (ABI) has been linked to worse prognosis after ischemic stroke, including greater risk of recurrence. Whether the index also correlates with risk of early neurological deterioration after acute cerebral infarction is unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We prospectively analyzed patients admitted to our hospital between February 2019 and January 2024 for acute isolated pontine infarction and who showed an ABI no greater than 1.40. Patients were classified into three groups according to whether their index was low (≤0.90), borderline (0.91–1.10), or normal (1.11–1.40). We compared the index between patients who showed early neurological deterioration or not, which was defined as an increase of at least one point on the motor item on the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) or at least two points on the total NIHSS score during the first week after admission.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 408 patients in our analysis, 120 (29.4%) showed early neurological deterioration. ABI showed the following distribution: low, 108 patients (26.5%); borderline, 136 (33.3%); and normal, 164 (40.2%). In multivariate regression, borderline values of ABI (0.91–1.10) were associated with significantly lower risk of early neurological deterioration (OR 0.457, 95% CI: 0.246–0.848), whereas low values (≤0.90) were associated with significantly higher risk (OR 1.975, 95% CI: 1.110–3.512).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low ABI may independently predict increased risk of early neurological deterioration following acute isolated pontine infarction. Borderline ABI, in contrast, may independently predict reduced risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70481","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering the Causal Link Between Obesity-Associated Genes and Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Ali Jafari,&nbsp;Sara Khoshdooz,&nbsp;Melika Arab Bafrani,&nbsp;Farnush Bakhshimoghaddam,&nbsp;Hamid Abbasi,&nbsp;Saeid Doaei","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70439","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifaceted neurodegenerative disorder influenced by genetics and lifestyle. This systematic literature review investigates the role of six obesity-associated genes, including fat mass and obesity-associated (<i>FTO</i>), FAS apoptosis inhibitory molecule 2 (<i>FAIM2</i>), Niemann–Pick disease type C1-like 1 (<i>NPC1</i>), glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase 2 (<i>GNPDA2</i>), melanocortin-4 receptor (<i>MC4R</i>), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (<i>BDNF</i>) in the context of MS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A literature search was executed using Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, and PubMed databases from inception to July 2024. The related keywords employed during the search process are “fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2,” “Niemann–Pick disease type C1,” “fat mass and obesity-associated,” “melanocortin-4 receptor,” “brain-derived neurotrophic factor,” “glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase 2,” and “multiple sclerosis.”</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Out of 2108 papers, 27 were entered into the present systematic literature review. The <i>FTO</i> gene may affect MS susceptibility through metabolic and inflammatory pathways. <i>FAIM2</i> and <i>NPC1</i> genes may contribute to MS pathogenesis, though their precise roles are still being elucidated. The <i>GNPDA2</i> gene may have some connections with MS but requires further clarification. <i>MC4R</i> has demonstrated significant neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects, suggesting its potential impact on MS progression. <i>BDNF</i> plays a complex role in neuronal survival and repair and may influence the risk of MS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings demonstrated that obesity-related genes may have a significant impact on MS risk and disease course, revealing novel insights into the genetic underpinnings of MS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70439","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal Relationship Between Circulating Inflammatory Cytokines and the Risk of Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Mendelian Randomization Study","authors":"Hui Shang,&nbsp;Xianqiang Liu,&nbsp;Mengying Bai,&nbsp;Xiao Li,&nbsp;Yuhang Lan,&nbsp;Bingbing Bai,&nbsp;Shuyun Yang,&nbsp;Xianlin Wu,&nbsp;Guocai Li","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70463","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inflammatory regulators play a fundamental role in the development of trigeminal neuralgia (TN). However, the precise mechanisms and causal relationship with the risk of TN remain poorly understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to assess the causal relationship between 41 inflammatory cytokines and TN using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. A two-sample MR approach was utilized, employing genetic variation data on TN from a large publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) comprising 1777 cases of European ancestry and 360,538 controls. Additionally, summary data from a GWAS on inflammatory cytokines, comprising 8293 healthy participants, were utilized. The causal relationship between exposure and outcome was primarily assessed using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, accompanied by sensitivity analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study revealed an association between increased risk of TN and cutaneous T cell-attracting chemokine（CTACK） (odds ratio [OR] = 1.187; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.041–1.35; <i>p</i> = 0.01) and interferon (IFN)-gamma（MIG） (OR = 1.232; 95% CI, 1.080–1.449; <i>p</i> = 0.01), while interleukin (IL)-16 (OR = 0.823; 95% CI, 0.685–0.989; <i>p</i> = 0.03) and interferon (IFN)-G (OR = 0.779; 95% CI, 0.612–0.992; <i>p</i> = 0.04) were associated with decreased risk of TN. Notably, no potential effect of TN on inflammatory factors was observed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of TN, highlighting the crucial role of inflammatory cytokines in TN risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study advances our understanding of TN by using MR to identify the causal roles of specific inflammatory cytokines. These results underscore the importance of inflammation in TN development and suggest potential targets for new treatments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70463","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auditory Emotional Prosody Perception Using Pseudo-Speech Stimuli in Native and Non-Native Listeners","authors":"Emre Gürses,&nbsp;Sıdıka Cesur,&nbsp;Vinaya Manchaiah","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70475","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess emotional recognition ability using corpora of emotions conveyed through nonlinguistic pseudo-sentences in native and non-native listeners (Turkish and English).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional design was employed, including a total of 60 young adults (aged 18–25 years). Of these, 30 were American English-speaking participants with no knowledge of Turkish, while the remaining 30 were age-, sex-, and education-matched Turkish participants. Emotional recognition scores and reaction times were assessed following audiological measurements using a one-interval, five-alternative forced choice method. A hundred stimuli recorded by Turkish speakers were presented, including 5 emotions × 2 speakers × 10 pseudo-sentences. The emotions tested were “neutral,” “happy,” “angry,” “surprised,” and “panicked.”</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No statistically significant differences exist between the groups' recognition of “neutral” and “angry” emotions. However, significant differences were observed in the recognition of happy, surprised, panicked and the mean scores of the emotions. Reaction times showed that nonmeaningful pseudo-sentences elicited similar listening efforts between native and non-native listeners.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall results suggest that while there may be recognizable vocal cues irrespective of languages for expressing angry and neutral emotions, this does not apply to all emotions. These results point to the fact that the type of test materials may play an important role when measuring emotional recognition among different cultures using auditory stimuli. In terms of reaction time results, pseudo-sentences could be used for cross-language auditory emotion recognition, however with certain emotions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70475","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}