Brain and Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Motivation and Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medication in Liver Transplant Recipients: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Serdar Saritas, Serafettin Okutan, Hasan Saritas, Semra Bulbuloglu","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70882","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70882","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After liver transplantation, recipients continue to receive immunosuppressive drug regimens at varying doses for years to ensure graft function and survival. Although liver transplant recipients are aware of the importance of immunosuppressive drug regimens, treatment compliance may decrease over time due to low motivation, putting recipients at risk of organ rejection. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) appears to be an ideal solution for increasing motivation and, indirectly, treatment compliance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ACT on adherence to immunosuppressive medication and motivation in liver transplant recipients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was conducted at an organ transplant hospital with the participation of recipients who had completed at least 6 months post-liver transplant. The sample included <i>n</i> = 140 liver transplant recipients (<i>n</i> = 70 experimental, <i>n</i> = 70 control). The study was randomized and controlled. The control group received no intervention, while the experimental group underwent an eight-session ACT program administered by a psychologist. Data collection utilized a personal characteristics form, the Adherence to Immunosuppressive Drug Regimen Scale (AIDRS), the Mindfulness Scale (MS), and the Adult Motivation Scale (AMS). Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistical methods and tests of significance for differences between variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>According to the homogeneity tests of this study, there was no statistically significant difference between the control and experimental groups in terms of individual characteristics (age, time since transplantation, immunosuppressive drugs, comorbidities, etc.). In the experimental group, the level of adherence to the immunosuppressive drug regimen after ACT was very close to the maximum AIDRS score. In the control group, the level of compliance with the immunosuppressive drug regimen was close to the mean value of the AIDRS. The differences mentioned in both groups were statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In addition, the scores obtained from the MS and YMS were higher than those in the pretest. When the experimental and control groups were compared, the experimental group's final test YMS score was almost twice that of the control group, and this difference was statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12480431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145190938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraoperative Techniques for Language Mapping in Brain Surgery: A Comparison Between Direct Electrical Stimulation (DES) and Electrocorticography (ECoG)","authors":"Patricia Silva de Camargo,&nbsp;Giovanna de Oliveira Santos e Souza,&nbsp;Analía Arévalo,&nbsp;Guilherme Lepski","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70900","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70900","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of this overview is to compare Direct Electrical Stimulation (DES) and Electrocorticography (ECoG) techniques, assessing their respective strengths, limitations, and roles in ensuring successful language mapping during awake brain surgeries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This overview aims to compare two techniques used in intraoperative language mapping during awake brain surgery: Direct Electrical Stimulation (DES) and Electrocorticography (ECoG). By summarizing recent advances in both methods, we highlight their respective mechanisms, applications, and roles in improving surgical outcomes. DES is widely considered the gold standard for cortical brain mapping and is applicable in both awake and anesthetized surgeries for treating epilepsy and brain tumors. In contrast, ECoG involves monitoring the brain's electrical activity with or without direct stimulation, as it provides valuable insight into high gamma activity (70–150 Hz), which is strongly associated with speech production.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Finding</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ECoG offers a high-resolution approach to language mapping by detecting high-gamma activity, reducing the risk of intraoperative seizures, and serving as a complementary or alternative tool to DES in specific clinical scenarios. While DES continues to be the most reliable technique for identifying functional brain areas, it does carry a higher risk of inducing seizures. Furthermore, recent advancements in ECoG-based speech decoding and brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) underscore the growing potential of ECoG in restoring communication in patients with severe language impairments, extending its applications beyond surgical mapping.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In conclusion, while DES remains the gold standard for intraoperative language mapping, ECoG is emerging as a promising complementary or alternative technique in some clinical cases. This overview highlights the evolving role of ECoG, particularly in the context of speech decoding and BCIs, offering new possibilities for improving surgical outcomes and postoperative quality of life in patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12478441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145190943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Acupuncture on Pneumonia Risk in Stroke Patients using Proton Pump Inhibitors: A Retrospective Case-Control Study","authors":"Shaokang Wang,&nbsp;Mi Ou,&nbsp;Haipeng Ban,&nbsp;Tianlong Yin,&nbsp;Yalu Meng,&nbsp;Sihan Sun,&nbsp;Lili Zhang,&nbsp;Yuzheng Du","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70920","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70920","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stroke, the second leading cause of death globally, often requires the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to prevent gastrointestinal bleeding. However, the misuse of PPI can lead to pneumonia, and no current studies have explored the preventive effects of acupuncture on PPI-induced pneumonia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A case-control study was conducted using data from the Tianjin Healthcare Bigdata Company covering stroke patients on PPI from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2019. Patients with pneumonia during hospitalization from a stroke diagnosis were assigned to the case group, while those without pneumonia served as the control group. Propensity score matching was applied using a matching threshold set at 0.05. Matching characteristics included age, gender, dementia, Parkinsonism, gastric tube feeding, and oral disease. A logistic regression model was employed to evaluate the impact of acupuncture on the risk of pneumonia in stroke patients using PPI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this case-control study, pneumonia occurred in 6389 (11.11%) stroke patients. Risk factors for pneumonia included suctioning phlegm and hospital stays. When the number of acupuncture sessions was treated as a continuous variable, each additional acupuncture session after the first was associated with a 6% reduction in the risk of pneumonia (odds ratio [OR]: 0.94; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.93–0.95; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that, compared to patients receiving acupuncture less than three times per visit, the risk of pneumonia was significantly reduced by 64% (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.24–0.45; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) for those receiving acupuncture 7–11 times per visit and by 79% (OR: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.16–0.27; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) for those receiving acupuncture more than 11 times per visit. The highest quartile pneumonia risk was one-fifth of the lowest quartile.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In conclusion, this case-control study suggested that acupuncture may reduce pneumonia risk in stroke patients using PPI. Within a single visit, the best preventive effect was observed with more than 11 acupuncture sessions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12480440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145190967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ononin, a Natural Isoflavone Glycoside, Alleviates Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Aged Mice by Regulating Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress","authors":"Ming Li,&nbsp;Qingmei Peng,&nbsp;Min Zhu,&nbsp;Qilin Liu,&nbsp;Simin Yang,&nbsp;Cansheng Gong,&nbsp;Jingyan Lin,&nbsp;Qingbo Yu","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70952","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70952","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a serious neurological complication that currently lacks effective clinical prevention and treatment. Ononin, a natural isoflavone glycoside, has been confirmed to exhibit potent neuroprotective effects. This study aimed to investigate whether ononin exerts a neuroprotective role against POCD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A POCD model was established in 18 months old mice with unilateral nephrectomy. Ononin (30 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 15 min before surgery. On postoperative Day 3, the Morris water maze and open field tests were used to assess cognitive function. The pathological changes and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons were investigated by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. In addition, western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were employed to examine the hippocampal levels of Iba1 and microglial activation. On Days 1 and 3 postsurgery, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to gauge the expression of hippocampal IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Meanwhile, the levels of hippocampal malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected using the corresponding assay kits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that anesthesia/surgery induced overt spatial memory deficits and neuronal damage in aged mice. Conversely, ononin pretreatment significantly rescued the pathological process and cognitive impairment. Mechanically, anesthesia/surgery triggered acute increases in hippocampal IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, Iba1, and MDA, paralleled by a decline in SOD and GSH levels that was partially reversed by ononin.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings provide evidence that ononin may ameliorate anesthesia/surgery-induced cognitive deficits through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which could be a novel preventive strategy for POCD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12480432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145190893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Connectivity of the Dorsal and Ventral Attention Network and Its Role in Attentional Disengagement","authors":"Sélim Yahia Coll,&nbsp;Emilie Marti,&nbsp;Naz Doganci,&nbsp;Radek Ptak","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70868","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70868","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The interplay between the ventral attention network (VAN) and dorsal attention network (DAN) is crucial for attentional control, particularly in disengagement processes. While task-based fMRI studies have extensively characterized their roles, less is known about whether intrinsic connectivity patterns during rest within these networks predict individual differences in attentional disengagement. This study investigates the relationship between resting-state functional VAN-DAN connectivity and disengagement efficiency.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An initial sample of 85 healthy participants completed a spatial cueing task, assessing attentional disengagement through reaction time differences between valid and invalid cue trials. Resting-state fMRI data were collected and analyzed using seed-based connectivity methods. Functional connectivity between key VAN and DAN regions—frontal eye fields (FEF), intraparietal sulcus (IPS), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and supramarginal gyrus (SMG)—was examined in relation to a disengagement index, representing cue validity effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants exhibited slower responses to invalidly cued targets, with a greater disengagement cost in the left visual field. Functional connectivity analyses revealed that VAN regions, particularly the right IFG and SMG, showed stronger associations with attentional disengagement than DAN regions. Increased FC with occipito-temporal areas correlated with heightened validity effects in the left hemifield, while greater connectivity with medial parietal and cingulate regions was linked to reduced disengagement asymmetry. Interhemispheric connectivity also played a modulatory role in attentional control.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings underscore the role of VAN over DAN in attentional disengagement, emphasizing the right IFG and SMG in reorienting attention. Greater connectivity with occipito-temporal regions may hinder disengagement, while enhanced functional connectivity with medial cortical areas facilitates adaptive shifts in attention. This study highlights the importance of intrinsic VAN-DAN interactions in shaping attentional control and provides insights into the neural mechanisms underlying disengagement efficiency.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12476866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of the MONOZUKURI Program on Executive Function Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Ai Iizuka,&nbsp;Susumu Ogawa,&nbsp;Daisuke Cho,&nbsp;Kyoko Fujihira,&nbsp;Yan Li,&nbsp;Kenichiro Sato,&nbsp;Keigo Hinakura,&nbsp;Kimi Estela Kobayashi-Cuya,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Suzuki","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70888","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to examine the effect of the MONOZUKURI program, a cognitive intervention related to creative activities (handicrafts and creative cooking), on cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A single-blind randomized controlled trial was implemented in Kanagawa, Japan, with examiners unaware of group allocations. Fifty-one participants were randomly divided into two groups: the intervention group (IG; <i>n</i> = 29), which participated in 12 weekly sessions involving hands-on activities such as crafting accessories and creatively preparing sushi; and the active control group (CG; <i>n</i> = 22), which attended health-related educational lectures. Cognitive performance was evaluated both before and after the intervention. The main outcome measure was executive function, while secondary measures included verbal ability, attention, processing speed, memory, and working memory.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using analysis of covariance, a significant group difference was detected in the change scores of the Trail Making Test Part B, which assesses executive function, indicating greater improvement in the IG. No statistically significant differences were found between groups in the other assessed cognitive domains.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MONOZUKURI program may have some effects on executive function among community-dwelling older adults. Learning creative activity skills may contribute to the prevention of decline in executive function closely related to life functioning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: UMIN000041679.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70888","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Late Adolescents' Social Network Strength on Mental Health","authors":"Jin Seok Oh,&nbsp;Jong Gab Ho,&nbsp;Jin-Hyuck Park","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70910","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Purpose&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study examined how social network strength (i.e., the intensity and frequency of interactions within one's personal network, assessed using centrality measures such as degree, closeness, betweenness, and eigenvector centrality) affects mental health.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The study was conducted with 108 first-year university students. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, and NetMiner 4.0 was employed to analyze degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, and eigenvector centrality as indicators of social network centrality. Additionally, Quadratic Assignment Procedure (QAP) correlation analysis and QAP regression analysis were conducted to assess the relationship between social network strength and mental health.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The study found that stronger social networks were linked to better mental health in late adolescence. Specifically, higher social network centrality was associated with lower levels of hopelessness and depression. QAP correlation analysis revealed that hopelessness had a significant negative correlation with in-closeness centrality (&lt;i&gt;which reflects how easily one can be reached by others within the network&lt;/i&gt;) (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = −0.252, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), while depression was negatively correlated with in-degree centrality (&lt;i&gt;the number of direct incoming connections from peers&lt;/i&gt;) (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = −0.233, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), in-closeness centrality (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = −0.256, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), and eigenvector centrality (&lt;i&gt;a measure of how well a person is connected to popular or influential members of the network&lt;/i&gt;) (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = −0.291, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). QAP regression analysis further confirmed that weaker social ties, indicated by higher out-closeness centrality (&lt;i&gt;how easily one can reach others, especially those at a distance&lt;/i&gt;), were associated with higher depressive symptoms (adj. &lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.143, &lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt; = 2.423, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). These results suggest that building stronger and more integrated social networks may help reduce psychological distress and support mental well-being in late adolescence.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Stronger social networks in late adolescence are associated with better mental health, highlighting the importance of social connections. While correlational findings suggest general links between centrality and emotional well-being, the regression results underscore specific predictors with practical implications. In-degre","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70910","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deteriorated Gray Matter Connectome in Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Graph Theory Analysis of Individual-Level Gray Matter Morphological Networks","authors":"Fangliang Guo,&nbsp;Yawen Ao,&nbsp;Fang Qin,&nbsp;Jianghui Cao,&nbsp;Baolin Wu","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70932","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cognitive impairment is frequently observed in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), and this condition worsens in those with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the precise neural mechanisms involved are still not fully understood. The present study aimed to investigate the topological organization of individual-level gray matter (GM) structural networks in patients with DKD and its association with clinical characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Structural magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from 50 DKD patients, 65 DM patients, and 70 healthy controls (HCs). Following data processing, individualized similarity-based GM morphological networks were created. The topological properties of these networks were analyzed using graph theory analysis and compared among the three groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both patient groups showed lower local efficiency and clustering coefficient (<i>C_p</i>) than the HC group, with DKD patients showing a further reduction in <i>C_p</i> compared to DM patients. Additionally, both patient groups showed lower nodal centralities mainly in the frontal regions (including right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus and bilateral middle frontal gyrus) and left lingual gyrus, while DKD patients exhibited further reductions in these regions compared to DM patients. Nodal centralities of the right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus and left middle frontal gyrus were associated with kidney function indicators and cognitive performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study indicates a progressive disruption of the GM structural connectome in patients with DKD compared to those without kidney complications. This disruption may be the underlying neural substrate that leads to more severe cognitive impairment in DKD patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70932","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in Connectivity Profiles Between Structural and Functional Networks in Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy","authors":"Yu Zhou,&nbsp;Liangchao Du,&nbsp;Fangfang Xie,&nbsp;Dingyang Liu,&nbsp;Zhuanyi Yang,&nbsp;Chao Deng,&nbsp;Chunyao Zhou,&nbsp;Zhiquan Yang","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70935","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is one of the most prevalent forms of epilepsy. Recent advancements in research have increasingly categorized TLE as a network disorder, focusing on its network characteristics. Prior studies predominantly examined changes in connectivity properties within a single network, with limited attention to the distinctions between different connectivity networks. Both structural and functional connectivity serve as quantitative measures of connection strength among network nodes, yet they differ significantly. Functional connectivity (FC) highlights short-term cooperation among nodes, whereas structural connectivity (SC) underscores long-term cumulative effects of structural alterations. In this study, we constructed a comprehensive spectrum of structural and functional network connectivity in TLE patients and investigated the modulatory impact of seizure duration on both types of connectivity. Our findings indicate that the functional and structural connectivity of the brain displays inconsistent coupling patterns and heterogeneity. Specifically, we observed pervasive reductions in both structural and functional connectivity. As seizure duration increased, SC decreased, particularly in regions adjacent to the lesion. Additionally, there was a general decline in FC. However, we noted a significant increase in abnormal FC between nodes of the default mode network near the midline as seizure duration prolonged. These results suggest that the evolutionary patterns of structural and functional connectivity may differ in patients with TLE, indicating potential network reorganization.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70935","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender-Based Differences in Gut Microbiota Composition in Response to Anxiety and Stress in Shooting and Archery Athletes","authors":"Yuhuan Wei,&nbsp;Shaoye Huo,&nbsp;Ruyue Liang,&nbsp;Yuan Cui,&nbsp;Lihong Wang,&nbsp;Yunhua Zhao,&nbsp;Chao Zhao,&nbsp;Chunhai Shao","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70933","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70933","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anxiety among male and female shooting and archery athletes in Shanghai, and to explore the relationships between dietary patterns, anxiety, and gut microbiota.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 110 elite athletes. Participants were divided into four groups based on gender and anxiety status as determined by the scores of Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7): anxious males (AM), non-anxious males (NM), anxious females (AF), and non-anxious females (NF). The questionnaire encompassed demographic characteristics, anxiety scales, and a 24-h dietary recall; fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Finding</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Athletes in the anxious exhibited significantly higher rates of alcohol consumption, smoking, and higher education levels compared to those in the normal athletes (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Lower alpha diversity was observed in NM compared with NF (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). At the phylum level, the anxious group showed a higher relative abundance of Firmicutes and a lower abundance of Actinobacteria compared to the normal group. Predictive functional profiling suggested that AM had higher endoplasmic reticulum protein processing and lower inositol phosphate metabolism, while AF displayed impaired base excision repair functionality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, anxiety levels in elite athletes are associated with gender and gut microbial composition, suggesting that modulating the brain-gut-microbe axis could offer potential strategies for improving mental health and optimizing competitive performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12476288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}