Brain and Behavior最新文献

{"title":"The Effect of Combining Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Pain Neuroscience Education in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain and High Pain Catastrophizing: An Exploratory Clinical, Cognitive, and fMRI Study","authors":"Cory Alcon,&nbsp;Sarah Margerison,&nbsp;Haley Kirse,&nbsp;Christopher Zoch,&nbsp;Paul Laurienti,&nbsp;David Seminowicz,&nbsp;Sharon Wang-Price","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70543","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Priming the neural circuitry likely targeted by pain neuroscience education (PNE) using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may enhance the efficacy of PNE. This exploratory study aimed to examine the effects of combining tDCS and PNE in those with chronic low back pain (CLBP).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six participants experiencing CLBP completed the study. Assessments for pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, pressure pain thresholds (PPT), pain intensity, cognitive function, and resting state and task fMRI were collected before and after the combined tDCS and PNE intervention. Each participant received five 20-min sessions of 2.0 mA tDCS targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), followed by a 20-min PNE session.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The participants had a 58.9% reduction in pain catastrophizing, a 25.9% reduction in kinesiophobia, and an 18.8% improvement in cognitive function (i.e., reduced attentional interference). The MRI results indicated increased gray matter volume within the left DLPFC. Additionally, larger reductions in DLPFC activity at rest were associated with larger reductions in kinesiophobia. Increased modularity within networks responsible for cognitive control and executive functions was evident following the intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our clinical and fMRI outcomes shed light on the clinical potential of combining tDCS and PNE, as well as the mechanisms substantiating their effects. We speculate that tDCS alters brain activity and structure, amplifies the effects of PNE, and promotes positive changes in the cognitive-evaluative and sensory-discriminative pain domains investigated. A randomized controlled trial is warranted to determine the effects of tDCS combined with PNE compared with tDCS or PNE alone.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70543","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safflower Yellow Pigment Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Protein Nitration and Oxidative Modulation","authors":"Kun Wang,&nbsp;Xi Zhang,&nbsp;Yang Zhao,&nbsp;Lifeng Li,&nbsp;Ruijie Zhao","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70530","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We seek to investigate the efficacy of safflower yellow pigment in mitigating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by examining its effects on protein nitration and oxidative modification.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 160 patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the department of neurology of Xingtai people's hospital were included in this study. This study was a retrospective study. Patients were divided into the control group (<i>n</i> = 80) and the observation group (<i>n</i> = 80) according to whether safflower yellow pigment was used. The control group received conventional treatment, and the observation group received safflower yellow pigment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baseline characteristics did not significantly differ between the two groups (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Serum nitrosine levels were lower in the observation group compared to the control group after 24 h and one week of treatment (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Similarly, serum carbonylated protein levels were lower in the observation group after 24 h and one week of treatment (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The observation group exhibited lower NIHSS and modified rankin scale (mRS) scores, reduced cerebral ischemic area. Furthermore, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were lower, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was higher in the observation group compared to the control group after one week of treatment (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Safflower yellow pigment demonstrates significant neuroprotective effects in patients with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by reducing protein oxidation and nitration, improving neurological function, reducing cerebral ischemic area, and attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70530","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fusion-Brain-Net: A Novel Deep Fusion Model for Brain Tumor Classification","authors":"Yasin Kaya,&nbsp;Ezgisu Akat,&nbsp;Serdar Yıldırım","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70520","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Brain tumors are among the most prevalent and lethal diseases. Early diagnosis and precise treatment are crucial. However, the manual classification of brain tumors is a laborious and complex task.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to develop a fusion model to address certain limitations of previous works, such as covering diverse image modalities in various datasets.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We presented a hybrid transfer learning model, Fusion-Brain-Net, aimed at automatic brain tumor classification. The proposed method included four stages: preprocessing and data augmentation, fusion of deep feature extractions, fine-tuning, and classification. Integrating the pre-trained CNN models, VGG16, ResNet50, and MobileNetV2, the model enhanced comprehensive feature extraction while mitigating overfitting issues, improving the model's performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proposed model was rigorously tested and verified on four public datasets: Br35H, Figshare, Nickparvar, and Sartaj. It achieved remarkable accuracy rates of 99.66%, 97.56%, 97.08%, and 93.74%, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The numerical results highlight that the model should be further investigated for potential use in computer-aided diagnoses to improve clinical decision-making.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70520","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What About the Differences in Body Representation and Body Image Between Stroke Patients and Healthy Controls? Psychological and Clinical Implications","authors":"Maria Grazia Maggio,&nbsp;Amelia Rizzo,&nbsp;Morena De Francesco,&nbsp;Martina Barbera,&nbsp;Muhammad Kamran,&nbsp;Rosaria De Luca,&nbsp;Francesco Corallo,&nbsp;Angelo Quartarone,&nbsp;Rocco Salvatore Calabrò","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70155","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The integrity of body representation can be profoundly compromised in neurological patients. This study aims to evaluate body representation in both healthy individuals and stroke patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 40 chronic stroke patients recruited from the Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo,” and 40 healthy controls from the University of Messina. Both groups were age- and gender-matched. All participants completed the Body Uneasiness Test to assess body image discomfort and body schema accuracy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 80 participants were enrolled, divided equally into two groups matched by gender: stroke patients and healthy controls. Healthy controls showed higher scores in compulsive self-monitoring (<i>p </i>= 0.023), while stroke patients exhibited greater depersonalization (<i>p </i>= 0.039) and significantly higher psychological distress (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings underscore the complexity of bodily and psychological experiences in both health and disease, emphasizing the need for tailored clinical interventions. While the direct impact on quality of life may vary, addressing these issues can contribute to improved overall well-being for both groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70155","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Spatial Voxel-Scale Modulation of Acupuncture on Abnormal Brain Activity in Migraine Patients Without Aura: A Randomized Study Neuroimaging Trial","authors":"Chaorong Xie,&nbsp;Zhiyang Zhang,&nbsp;Yutong Zhang,&nbsp;Xixiu Ni,&nbsp;Yang Yu,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Gao,&nbsp;Mingsheng Sun,&nbsp;Xiao Wang,&nbsp;Ling Zhao","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70536","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The role of acupuncture in treating migraine has been widely recognized, but the systematic, comprehensive and, multi-spatial voxel-scale mechanism of brain function changes is still unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was used to investigate the modulatory effect of acupuncture on brain activity in patients with migraine without aura (MwoA) at different spatial voxel scales.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 64 patients with MwoA were randomized into true acupuncture (TA) and sham acupuncture (SA) groups. MwoA patients received TA or SA three times a week for four weeks, a total of 12 sessions. A clinical symptoms assessment and rs-fMRI scans were evaluated before and after four weeks of treatment. Amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and fractional ALFF (fALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and degree centrality (DC) were used to evaluate the spontaneous activity, activity coherence and connectivity importance of brain function at the single voxel, local voxel, and global voxel scales, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The clinical symptoms of both groups were improved compared with baseline. There were significant differences between the TA group and the SA group in migraine frequency, days and pain intensity. The neuroimaging data suggest that TA modulates a broader and more significant brain neural activity than SA. TA modulates the neural activity of the default mode network (DMN), visual network (VN), and sensorimotor network (SMN) at the single voxel scale, local voxel scale and global voxel scale, and these changes are correlated with the improvement of the migraine and quality of life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TA could exert therapeutic effects at different spatial voxel scales by modulating the DMN, VN, and SMN, which may be the neuroimaging mechanism of acupuncture for MwoA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70536","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronotype Predicts Body Mass Index via Emotion Regulation Strategy Use and Emotional Eating","authors":"Gregory S. Keenan,&nbsp;Sakina Hosseni,&nbsp;Robert C. A. Bendall","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70542","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Rates of obesity are increasing across all regions representing a critical public health concern. An evening chronotype has been associated with elevated body mass index and a less nutritious diet. However, the mechanisms underpinning the relationship between chronotype and body mass index remain unclear. The aim of the current study was to investigate if chronotype is indirectly associated with body mass index via emotion regulation strategy use and emotional eating.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Method&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Participants completed the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire to assess chronotype, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire to assess habitual emotion regulation strategy use, the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale to assess mental well-being, and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire to provide a measure of emotional eating. Participants reported their weight and height to allow body mass index to be calculated. Structural equation modeling tested the predicted indirect association between chronotype and body mass index via emotion regulation strategy use and emotional eating.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Chronotype was indirectly associated with body mass index via emotion regulation strategy use and emotional eating. As predicted, individuals with an evening chronotype tended to report greater use of expressive suppression, which was associated with a greater tendency to emotionally eat and a higher body mass index (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.008). In contrast, individuals with a morning chronotype reported more frequent use of cognitive reappraisal, which was associated with reduced emotional eating and a lower body mass index (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003). The direct pathway between chronotype and body mass index was non-significant (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.821).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;These findings suggest a clear pathway through which chronotype might be associated with body mass index, with evening chronotypes at a greater risk of weight gain. Our results suggest that it is not the independent influence of emotion regulation strategy use &lt;i&gt;or&lt;/i&gt; emotional eating on its own that is important in the association between chronotype and body mass index, but the &lt;i&gt;combined sequential effect&lt;/i&gt; of a general tendency towards an emotion regulation strategy and then the impact this has upon emotional eating that is important. The findings highlight the importance of considering emotion regulation strategy use and emotional eating when designing interventions or therapies aimed at re","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70542","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of Stroke's Motor Function Ability Using Multimodal Biomarkers and the Role of Contralesional Motor Area","authors":"Da-Hye Kim,&nbsp;Gyu Hyun Kwon,&nbsp;Seong-Whan Lee,&nbsp;Laehyun Kim","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70492","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the chronic phase, many stroke survivors did not regain their pre-stroke upper limb movement capabilities. This emphasizes the crucial role of assessing motor function in patients with stroke, as it provides valuable insights into setting effective rehabilitation goals. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the electroencephalography (EEG)-based functional brain network properties in stroke patients during motor tasks and assess their utility in predicting the upper limb Fugl-Meyer Assessment (UL-FMA) scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a comparative analysis of brain properties, including EEG power and network characteristics, in stroke patients and a healthy control (HC) group. Also, we selected prognostic factors of brain properties during voluntary movement for patients' motor function ability using stepwise regression analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stroke patients manifested reduced global efficiency relative to the HC group, signifying impaired information processing attributed to brain injury. Local analyses highlighted pronounced disparities in the contralesional motor area (MA) between stroke patients and the HC group, revealing patterns indicative of compensatory mechanisms. Leveraging a multimodal approach incorporating EEG power and network features within the contralesional MA yielded a robust model for motor function estimation, outperforming unimodal models (adjusted R² 0.99, RMSE 0.13). The findings of this study outperformed other models for estimating the motor abilities of chronic stroke patients. Another chronic stroke dataset was used to externally validate this study, and it had an adjusted R² of 0.95. This suggests that the results of this study can be generalized.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings provide insight into the brain properties of stroke-related motor impairment. These results underscore the pivotal role of the contralesional MA in assessing UL-FMA scores and represent how a multimodal approach to this area can suggest the possibility of using it as a meaningful biomarker for motor function. They also have potential implications for the development of individualized rehabilitation strategies, particularly during the chronic phase of recovery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70492","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Effect of HF-rTMS and Whole-Body Vibration Exercise on Cognitive Efficiency in Esports Players With or Without Sedentary Behaviors: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Shan He,&nbsp;Lu Leng,&nbsp;Dongdong Gao,&nbsp;Yu Chen,&nbsp;Weiji Deng,&nbsp;Jiarui Wu,&nbsp;Peilun Li,&nbsp;Yilin Chen,&nbsp;Jinglin Huang,&nbsp;Guoqing Liu,&nbsp;Jiarui Su,&nbsp;Jianwei Peng,&nbsp;Wenhuang Guo,&nbsp;Junfeng Zhang,&nbsp;Junhao Huang","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70473","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study investigated the effects of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS), whole-body vibration training (WBVT), and a combination of HF-rTMS and WBVT interventions on cognitive performance in esports players with or without sedentary behaviors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 128 participants, including sedentary and non-sedentary esports players, were randomly assigned to the HF-rTMS group, the WBVT group, the HF-rTMS + WBVT group, or the control group. The interventions were administered daily for 2 weeks, and pretest, mid-test, and posttest assessments were conducted. Cognitive function was assessed using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) for response time and accuracy, and gaming performance was measured using first-person shooter (FPS) scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At baseline, sedentary players demonstrated significantly increased response time in DSST compared to non-sedentary participants. The interventions, both HF-rTMS and WBVT, significantly enhanced cognitive processing speed and accuracy, with these improvements being more pronounced in sedentary esports players compared to non-sedentary esports players. Notably, the combination of HF-rTMS and WBVT was found to be the most effective in boosting cognitive performance among these interventions. Furthermore, FPS scores showed an overall increase in all intervention groups in both sedentary and non-sedentary esports players, and the combination of HF-rTMS and WBVT showed the most pronounced effect on in gaming performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study demonstrated that sedentary behavior had a detrimental effect on the cognitive function in esports players. Furthermore, HF-rTMS and WBVT, especially in combination, effectively enhanced cognitive performance in esports players, with a more pronounced effect in those with sedentary lifestyles. These findings suggested potential strategies for cognitive enhancement in the esports context, highlighting the need for tailored interventions based on individual lifestyle factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70473","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amelioration of Chronic Ethanol Administration-Induced Learning and Memory Impairments by High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Ritalin","authors":"Sara Shirazpour,&nbsp;Farahnaz Taheri,&nbsp;Gholamreza Sepehri,&nbsp;Mahla Zangiabadizadeh,&nbsp;Mostafa Zangiabadi,&nbsp;Najmeh Sadat Hosseini,&nbsp;Sara Sheikhi,&nbsp;Azadeh Shahrokhi Raeini,&nbsp;Sara Sheibani Tezerji","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70539","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study aimed to investigate the impacts of 8-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and Ritalin (RIT), alone and in combination, on cognitive functions and hippocampal oxidative parameters following chronic ethanol consumption in male rats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 56 adult male rats were divided into 8 groups and received one of the following treatments: ethanol 20% (ET) (3 mL/kg/day, orally, 5 consecutive days/week in weeks 1–4, and 3 consecutive days/week in weeks 4–8), RIT (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, three consecutive times/week for 8 weeks), HIIT + SAL (five consecutive times/week for 8 weeks + saline injection), or saline (1 mL/day, intraperitoneally, three consecutive times/week for 8 weeks). Cognitive performance was assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM) and passive avoidance tasks. Oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), were measured in the hippocampus using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and ferric reduction antioxidant power (FRAP). Nitric oxide (NO) level in the hippocampus was determined using an NO Assay Kit (Natrix, Arman Biotech, Iran).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic ethanol administration impaired cognitive functions. However, RIT, HIIT, and their combination significantly improved these impairments. Furthermore, RIT increased ethanol-induced oxidative stress, whereas HIIT reduced it, even in the combination group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic ethanol consumption caused learning and memory deficits and disrupted oxidant/antioxidant balance in the hippocampus of rats. HIIT potentially improved memory impairments by restoring this balance, whereas RIT ameliorated cognitive dysfunction through a mechanism that requires further investigation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70539","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Risk Factors Influencing Hemorrhage Volume in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Multicenter Retrospective Study","authors":"Chenglong Li,&nbsp;Yuan Wang,&nbsp;Tangming Peng,&nbsp;Jiangnan Wu,&nbsp;Hongyu Wang,&nbsp;Jian Song,&nbsp;Di Zhao,&nbsp;Guang Feng,&nbsp;Lei Chen","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70498","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This multicenter retrospective study aimed to identify significant risk factors influencing hemorrhage volume in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 891 patients diagnosed with SAH were included from multiple medical centers. Data encompassing demographic characteristics, medical history, clinical parameters at admission, and radiographic findings were collected and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate associations between various risk factors and hemorrhage volume.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study identifies several factors significantly associated with increased hemorrhage volume in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Multivariate analysis revealed that diabetes (P = 0.022), hypertension (P = 0.047), and saccular aneurysm morphology (P = 0.008) were independent risk factors for high hemorrhage volume. Additionally, larger aneurysm size (maximum diameter: P = 0.007, neck diameter: P = 0.021) and higher systolic blood pressure after onset (P = 0.002) were also significant predictors of increased hemorrhage volume. Factors such as age (P = 0.05) and time interval to the first CT scan (P = 0.022) were found to be associated with hemorrhage volume in univariate analysis but did not maintain independent significance in multivariate regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights key risk factors, including diabetes, hypertension, and saccular aneurysm morphology, which independently contribute to higher hemorrhage volume in SAH patients. Management strategies focusing on early detection and control of these factors may improve clinical outcomes by reducing the risk of hemorrhagic complications. While other factors such as age and time interval to the first CT scan were associated with hemorrhage volume, they did not demonstrate independent causality in the multivariate analysis, suggesting that their role in hemorrhage volume may be secondary or context-dependent.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70498","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}