Brain and Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Patients' Characteristics Associated With Size of Ruptured and Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms","authors":"Thiemo Florin Dinger,&nbsp;Mehdi Chihi,&nbsp;Meltem Gümüs,&nbsp;Christoph Rieß,&nbsp;Alejandro Nicolas Santos,&nbsp;Mats Leif Moskopp,&nbsp;Jan Rodemerk,&nbsp;Maximilian Schüßler,&nbsp;Marvin Darkwah Oppong,&nbsp;Yan Li,&nbsp;Karsten Henning Wrede,&nbsp;Philipp René Dammann,&nbsp;Ulrich Sure,&nbsp;Ramazan Jabbarli","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70161","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70161","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The size of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA) remains the most crucial risk factor for treatment decisions. On the other side, there is a non-negligible portion of small ruptured IA and large stable UIA. This study aimed to identify the patients' characteristics related to IA size in the context of IA rupture status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 2152 patients, with 1002 being hospitalized for an acute aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), were included from our institutional IA database. Different demographic and clinical characteristics of patients and IA were collected. IA size was the study endpoint, assessed as continuous variable in univariate and multivariable linear regression analysis, separately for ruptured (R) IA and UIA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean IA size was 8.3 and 7.3 mm in the UIA and RIA subpopulations, respectively. Higher age (<i>p</i> = 0.003) and baseline blood urea level (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) were independently associated with increasing UIA size. In contrast, location at the posterior circulation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), familiar intracranial aneurysms (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), serum potassium (<i>p</i> = 0.006), and total serum protein (<i>p</i> = 0.019) were related to smaller UIA size in the multivariate analysis. For RIA, a statistically significant and independent association was detected for location (<i>p</i> = 0.019), history of gastrointestinal diseases (<i>p</i> = 0.042), and levothyroxine intake (<i>p</i> = 0.002).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Identification of clinical characteristics related to the size of ruptured and unruptured IA allows a more differentiated view on the genesis of RIA and UIA and the value of sack size as a basis for therapeutic decision-making. More research is needed to verify the identified risk factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal Effects of Sleep Quality on Primary Headache and the Mediation via Gut Microbiota: A Mendelian Randomization Study","authors":"Huanghong Zhao,&nbsp;Dongsheng Guan,&nbsp;Zhen Ma,&nbsp;Minghui Yang,&nbsp;Ning Dong,&nbsp;Jian Guo","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70129","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70129","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous studies have shown that sleep quality plays an essential role in primary headaches to varying degrees. However, it is unclear precisely whether gut microbiota plays a critical role in mediating changes in sleep quality and affecting primary headaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the causal relationships between sleep quality and primary headaches. The data encompass eight sleep traits (staying asleep during periods of anxiety, trouble falling asleep, daytime dozing, sleep apnea syndrome, oversleeping, undersleeping, snoring, and sleeplessness). The primary statistical method employed was inverse variance weighting. Eventually, we explored whether gut microbiota mediate the relationship between sleep quality and primary headaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study found that a genetic predisposition to poor sleep quality increases the risk of primary headaches. Two-step MR analysis revealed that the genus <i>Coprococcus1</i> mediates the causal relationship between trouble falling asleep and cluster headaches, with a mediating effect of 23.6%. These findings could inform targeted interventions and treatments for primary headaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study suggests that trouble falling asleep increases the incidence of cluster headaches mediated by gut microbiota. It highlights the crucial impact of sleep quality on primary headaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting-State Electroencephalogram Complexity Is Associated With Oral Ketamine Treatment Response: A Bayesian Analysis of Lempel–Ziv Complexity and Multiscale Entropy","authors":"Jules S. Mitchell,&nbsp;Toomas E. Anijärv,&nbsp;Adem T. Can,&nbsp;Megan Dutton,&nbsp;Daniel F. Hermens,&nbsp;Jim Lagopoulos","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70166","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70166","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Subanesthetic doses of ketamine are a promising novel treatment for suicidality; however, the evidence for predictive biomarkers is sparse. Recently, measures of complexity, including Lempel–Ziv complexity (LZC) and multiscale entropy (MSE), have been implicated in ketamine's therapeutic action. We evaluated electroencephalogram (EEG)-derived LZC and MSE differences between responders and nonresponders to oral ketamine treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 31 participants received six single, weekly (titrated) doses of oral racemic ketamine (0.5–3 mg/kg) and underwent EEG scans at baseline (Week 0), post-treatment (Week 6), and follow-up (Week 10). Resting-state (eyes closed and open) recordings were processed in EEGLAB, and complexity metrics were extracted using the Neurokit2 package. Participants were designated responders or nonresponders by clinical response (Beck Suicide Scale [BSS] score reduction of ≥ 50% from baseline to the respective timepoint or score ≤ 6) and then compared in terms of complexity across resting-state conditions and time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Employing a Bayesian mixed effects model, we found strong evidence that LZC was higher in the eyes-open compared to eyes-closed condition, as were MSE scales 1–3. At a global level, responders displayed elevated eyes-open baseline complexity compared to nonresponders, with these values decreasing from baseline to post-treatment (Week 6) in responders only. Exploratory analyses revealed that the elevated baseline eyes-open LZC in responders was spatially localized to the left frontal lobe (F1, AF3, FC1, and F3).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EEG-complexity metrics may be sensitive biomarkers for evaluating and predicting oral ketamine treatment response, with the left prefrontal cortex bein a possible treatment response region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70166","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Applications in the Study of Executive Functions: A Review","authors":"Muyu Chen,&nbsp;Guang Zhao,&nbsp;Li Peng","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70099","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Executive functions (EFs) are a set of advanced cognitive functions essential for human survival and behavioral regulation. Understanding neurophysiological mechanisms of EFs as well as exploring methods to enhance them are still challenging problems in cognitive neuroscience. In recent years, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been widely used in the field of EF research and has made notable progress. This article aimed to discuss the impact of TMS technology on EF research from both basic and applied research perspectives.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched for literature on TMS and EFs published in the last decade (2013–2023) and reviewed how TMS has been applied in the field of EF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that the combination of TMS with neuroimaging techniques was helpful in exploring the brain mechanisms of EFs and investigating the executive dysfunctions caused by other neuropsychiatric disorders. Moreover, TMS could be considered as one of the most important techniques to enhance EFs among patient populations, even healthy people, with high safety and credibility. Meanwhile, we discussed the application of TMS in the research of EFs and made suggestions for future research directions. We suggested that a multidisciplinary structure of methods such as epigenetics and endocrinology could be integrated with TMS for investigating deeper in EF domains, and a substantial number of high-quality clinical studies are required to further elucidate the effects of TMS on EFs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TMS holds great promise for gaining insight into investigating the neural mechanisms of EFs and improving executive functions among different populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detailed Analysis of the Palmomental Reflex and Its Clinical Significance","authors":"Benxu Ma,&nbsp;Jianying Zhang,&nbsp;Yanlei Cui,&nbsp;Huanmin Gao","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70164","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This comprehensive review thoroughly explores the clinical significance of the palmomental reflex (PMR) in neurological disorders. PMR is a primitive reflex that, when reemerging in adults, indicates underlying neurological dysfunction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The article elaborates on the clinical assessment techniques, neurophysiological basis, and applications of PMR in various neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, cerebrovascular disorders, traumatic brain injury, and multiple sclerosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Finding</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>By understanding the modulation and suppression mechanisms of PMR, valuable insights into the specific neurological impairments associated with these disorders can be gained.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The potential of PMR as a diagnostic marker, prognostic indicator, and treatment monitoring tool is increasingly evident.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142685297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disrupted White Matter Topology Organization in Preschool Children with Tetralogy of Fallot","authors":"Yuting Liu,&nbsp;Liang Hu,&nbsp;Meijiao Zhu,&nbsp;Jingjing Zhong,&nbsp;Mingcui Fu,&nbsp;Mingwen Yang,&nbsp;Shuting Cheng,&nbsp;Ying Wang,&nbsp;Xuming Mo,&nbsp;Ming Yang","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70153","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Background</b>: Cognitive impairment is the most common long-term complication in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) and is closely related to the brain network. However, little is known about the impact of CHD on brain network organization. This study aims to investigate brain structural network properties that may underpin cognitive deficits observed in children with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF).</p><p><b>Methods</b>: In this prospective study, 29 preschool-aged children diagnosed with TOF and 19 without CHD (non-CHD) were enrolled. Participants underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans alongside cognitive assessment using the Chinese version of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence—fourth edition (WPPSI-IV). We constructed a brain structural network based on DTI and applied graph analysis methodology to investigate alterations in diverse network topological properties in TOF compared with non-CHD. Additionally, we explored the correlation between brain network topology and cognitive performance in TOF.</p><p><b>Results</b>: Although both TOF and non-CHD exhibited small-world characteristics in their brain networks, children with TOF significantly demonstrated increased characteristic path length and decreased clustering coefficient, global efficiency, and local efficiency compared with non-CHD (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Regionally, reduced nodal betweenness and degree were found in the left cingulate gyrus, and nodal efficiency was decreased in the right precentral gyrus and cingulate gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus (triangular part), and insula (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, a positive correlation was identified between local efficiency and cognitive performance (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p><p><b>Conclusion</b>: This study elucidates a disrupted brain structural network characterized by impaired integration and segregation in preschool TOF, correlating with cognitive performance. These findings indicated that the brain structural network may be a promising imaging biomarker and potential target for neurobehavioral interventions aimed at improving brain development and preventing lasting impairments across the lifetime.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70153","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142685891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clustering Electrophysiological Predisposition to Binge Drinking: An Unsupervised Machine Learning Analysis","authors":"Marcos Uceta,&nbsp;Alberto del Cerro-León,&nbsp;Danylyna Shpakivska-Bilán,&nbsp;Luis M. García-Moreno,&nbsp;Fernando Maestú,&nbsp;Luis Fernando Antón-Toro","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70157","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The demand for fresh strategies to analyze intricate multidimensional data in neuroscience is increasingly evident. One of the most complex events during our neurodevelopment is adolescence, where our nervous system suffers constant changes, not only in neuroanatomical traits but also in neurophysiological components. One of the most impactful factors we deal with during this time is our environment, especially when encountering external factors such as social behaviors or substance consumption. Binge drinking (BD) has emerged as an extended pattern of alcohol consumption in teenagers, not only affecting their future lifestyle but also changing their neurodevelopment. Recent studies have changed their scope into finding predisposition factors that may lead adolescents into this kind of patterns of consumption.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this article, using unsupervised machine learning (UML) algorithms, we analyze the relationship between electrophysiological activity of healthy teenagers and the levels of consumption they had 2 years later. We used hierarchical agglomerative UML techniques based on Ward's minimum variance criterion to clusterize relations between power spectrum and functional connectivity and alcohol consumption, based on similarity in their correlations, in frequency bands from theta to gamma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that all frequency bands studied had a pattern of clusterization based on anatomical regions of interest related to neurodevelopment and cognitive and behavioral aspects of addiction, highlighting the dorsolateral and medial prefrontal, the sensorimotor, the medial posterior, and the occipital cortices. All these patterns, of great cohesion and coherence, showed an abnormal electrophysiological activity, representing a dysregulation in the development of core resting-state networks. The clusters found maintained not only plausibility in nature but also robustness, making this a great example of the usage of UML in the analysis of electrophysiological activity—a new perspective into analysis that, while contributing to classical statistics, can clarify new characteristics of the variables of interest.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70157","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142685314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Relationship of Smartphone Addiction on Attention Deficit, Hyperactivity Symptoms, and Sleep Quality Among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Ibrahim Zeyrek,&nbsp;Muhammed Fatih Tabara,&nbsp;Mahmut Çakan","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70137","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70137","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of smartphone usage is steadily rising, leading to the potential development of addiction due to problematic use. This study examined the relationship between smartphone addiction, self-perceived attention deficit and hyperactivity symptoms, and sleep quality among 443 university students at Bingöl University.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants completed several questionnaires, including the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined 443 participants, with a mean age of 20.97 ± 3.29, of whom 72.7% (<i>n</i> = 322) were female. Results showed that the majority of participants primarily used smartphones (94.8%, <i>n</i> = 420) for social media browsing (49.9%, <i>n</i> = 221). Factors such as smoking, preference for smartphone screens, and prolonged screen exposure significantly affected sleep quality. Smartphone addiction rates were notable, with 50.4% (<i>n</i> = 61) of males and 47.2% (<i>n</i> = 152) of females being affected; this addiction was associated with poorer sleep quality. Correlations were found between age, sleep duration, and scores on smartphone addiction, sleep quality, and attention deficit scales. Linear regression analysis revealed that age, attention deficit scores, and sleep quality scores significantly influenced levels of smartphone addiction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings contribute valuable insights into the impact of smartphone addiction on attention and sleep in university students.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142685905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EEG Spectral Power Changes in Patients With Dysexecutive Syndrome Following Cognitive Intervention","authors":"Claire Lebely,&nbsp;Evelyne Lepron,&nbsp;Ines Bigarre,&nbsp;Caroline Hamery,&nbsp;Xavier De Boissezon,&nbsp;Sebastien Scannella","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70148","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70148","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acquired brain injury (ABI) leads to cognitive deficiencies, alteration of brain activity associated with an increase in slow-wave (delta and theta bands) power, and reduced fast-wave (alpha, beta, and gamma bands) power. To compensate for the cognitive deficits that impact autonomy and quality of life, patients in a chronic phase can benefit from cognitive intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study explores the effects of cognitive intervention on brain activity, measured by electroencephalography (EEG), and on executive functioning, assessed by the Test of Attentional Performance (TAP) battery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We provided an ecological rehabilitation intervention, simulating real-life tasks adapted for patients with chronic cognitive disorders. A single-case experimental design (SCED) assessed patients' performance in terms of correct responses percentage (CRs) and reaction times (RTs), and EEG spectral powers before and 1 month after the intervention. The TAP tasks included working memory (WM), divided attention (DA), inhibition (GO), and flexibility (FL). EEG frequency powers were also measured during resting states.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One month after the intervention, significant improvements were observed in CRs and RTs for the FL task. Increases in all frequency band powers occurred during FL, WM, and DA tasks, except for alpha bands in DA. In the GO task, delta and gamma power also increased after the intervention. No significant changes were found during resting-state EEG. The results of this open study, without a control group, are preliminary.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The effects of the therapy are mostly reflected by changes in mental FL performance and altered EEG patterns during cognitive tasks, particularly in slow and fast-frequency bands. We argue that cognitive intervention could amplify the compensatory mechanisms following brain damage and/or ease restoration mechanisms in the fast-frequency activity bands. Further SCEDs or studies with control groups are needed to confirm these findings and the role of EEG biomarkers in rehabilitation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142685902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerating Brain MR Imaging With Multisequence and Convolutional Neural Networks","authors":"Zhanhao Mo,&nbsp;He Sui,&nbsp;Zhongwen Lv,&nbsp;Xiaoqian Huang,&nbsp;Guobin Li,&nbsp;Dinggang Shen,&nbsp;Lin Liu,&nbsp;Shu Liao","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70163","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70163","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) refers to one of the critical image modalities for diagnosis, whereas its long acquisition time limits its application. In this study, the aim was to investigate whether deep learning–based techniques are capable of using the common information in different MRI sequences to reduce the scan time of the most time-consuming sequences while maintaining the image quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fully sampled T1-FLAIR, T2-FLAIR, and T2WI brain MRI raw data originated from 217 patients and 105 healthy subjects. The T1-FLAIR and T2-FLAIR sequences were subsampled using Cartesian masks based on four different acceleration factors. The fully sampled T1/T2-FLAIR images were predicted from undersampled T1/T2-FLAIR images and T2WI images through deep learning–based reconstruction. They were qualitatively assessed by two senior radiologists in accordance with the diagnosis decision and a four-point scale image quality score. Furthermore, the images were quantitatively assessed based on regional signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs). The chi-square test was performed, where <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 indicated a difference with statistical significance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The diagnosis decisions from two senior radiologists remained unchanged in accordance with the accelerated and fully sampled images. There were no significant differences in the regional SNRs and CNRs of most assessed regions (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) between the accelerated and fully sampled images. Moreover, no significant difference was identified in the image quality assessed by two senior radiologists (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Deep learning–based image reconstruction is capable of significantly expediting the brain MR imaging process and producing acceptable image quality without affecting diagnosis decisions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}