Brain and Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Correlation Analysis Study Between the Intensity of Counseling Friendship Network and Exercise Time Among University Taekwondo Athletics","authors":"Sung-Min Son,&nbsp;Byung-O Ahn","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70264","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The counseling friendship is defined as a relationship based on affection and mutual trust, wherein individuals share care, interest, and information, such as exchange emotions and concerns, thereby functioning as a social support system. Analyzing counseling friendships among university taekwondo athletes provides essential foundational data for overcoming the challenges they face and enhancing their athletic performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between the intensity of counseling friendship networks and exercise time among university taekwondo athletes by using social network analysis (SNA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study subjects were 69 university taekwondo athletes. To analyze the intensity of the counseling friendship network, SNA was employed, focusing on the indices of network distribution and centrality. The counseling friendship assessment was conducted using a structured friendship survey, allowing athletes to list the names of up to three friends from whom they sought advice related to their university and athletic lives. The strength of these friendships was quantified based on the duration of their acquaintance. Additionally, measurement of exercise duration was conducted using a 4-point scale to assess the average daily exercise time, with intervals set for up to 4 hour or more. The analysis aimed to explore both the network distribution index and the centrality index within the context of these counseling friendships.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As a result, a positive correlation was shown between eigenvector centrality and exercise time, and as the level of eigenvector centrality increases, the exercise time increases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on this, to improve exercise time, it is necessary to create a way to support counseling through friendships and establish a program that allows counseling relationships to be formed centering on friends with a high level of centrality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70264","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144255991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Isolation Induces Sex-Specific Differences in Behavior and Gut Microbiota Composition in Stress-Sensitive Rats","authors":"Charlotte Hurst,&nbsp;Gosia Zobel,&nbsp;Wayne Young,&nbsp;Trent Olson,&nbsp;Nabil Parkar,&nbsp;Jeremy Bracegirdle,&nbsp;Rina Hannaford,&nbsp;Rachel C. Anderson,&nbsp;Julie E. Dalziel","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70621","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Social isolation (SI) is an established rat model of chronic stress. We applied this to the stress-sensitive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) strain to explore brain-to-gut interactions associated with mood. Whether SI stress-induced behavioral changes are sex-specific or if they affect the microbiome in WKY is unknown. We hypothesized individually housed (IH) animals would be more anxious than pair-housed (PH), with sex differences. Male and female rats were either IH or PH from 70 to 112 days old and behavior was assessed in modified open field (OFTmod), elevated plus maze (EPM), and novel object recognition (NOR) tests. Cecal content DNA was analyzed by shotgun metagenome sequencing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IH rats, particularly females, spent more time in the center of the OFTmod where the semi-novel feed was presented compared to PH group rats. There was a tendency for greater distance traveled, or potential hyperactivity, in IH female rats. Males stayed in the EPM closed arms more than females. No treatment difference occurred for recognition memory. SI altered cecal microbiome composition in females where housing was associated with seven differentially abundant taxa and 49 differentially abundant KEGG Level 3 ortholog/gene categories. Several relationships were noted between behavioral traits and relative abundance of microbiome taxa. There was a greater shift in female microbiome composition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In summary, behavioral responses to the housing treatment were minimal. IH animals, particularly females, spent more time in the center of an OFT that contained food; this may have been an indication of depression, as opposed to anxiety. Housing status had a differential impact on the microbiome for females compared to males. The associations between cecal microbiota and activity in the modified OFT suggest that dietary interventions that influence the relative abundance of <i>Bifidobacteria, Alistipes</i>, and Muribaculaceae should be explored.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70621","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitinase-3-Like 1 Protein (CHI3L1) Levels in Patients With Cognitive Deficits and Movement Disorders: Comparison With Other Biomarkers","authors":"R. Novobilský,&nbsp;P. Bártová,&nbsp;D. Stejskal,&nbsp;A. Kondé,&nbsp;M. Bar,&nbsp;P. Kušnierová","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70619","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) is a glycoprotein implicated in various neurological conditions. It is associated with neuroinflammation and tissue remodeling. The study aimed to validate the reference interval (RI) of serum (S) CHI3L1 in a control group, to correlate S CHI3L1 values with other biomarkers of neurodegenerative damage, and to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of S CHI3L1.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Samples from 108 healthy volunteers were used to estimate the S CHI3L1 RI. For the comparison, we used cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum (S) samples from 121 patients with cognitive disorders, and cognitive deterioration was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). ELISA assays were used to determine the S CHI3L1, CSF, and S neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels; CSF and plasma β-amyloid peptide₄₂; CSF and plasma β-amyloid peptide₄₀; CSF total tau protein; CSF phosphorylated tau protein; and CSF alpha-synuclein.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The estimated RI of S CHI3L1 was 14.44 to 63.11 µg/L. The cut-off value of S CHI3L1 was 34.37 µg/L. ROC analysis showed that S CHI3L1 has 81.4% sensitivity and 76.9% specificity. We found a moderate Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between the S CHI3L1 and age (<i>r</i>_S= 0.486; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and between S CHI3L1 and S NfL (<i>r</i>_S = 0.489; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) in all groups. The Kruskal–Wallis test showed a significant overall difference in S CHI3L1 among diagnostic groups (<i>p</i> = 0.013). S CHI3L1 and CSF NfL had statistically significant effects on MMSE values (multiple <i>R</i>² was 0.431).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that S CHI3L1 reflects the severity of cognitive deficits assessed by MMSE. It can be used as a supportive biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70619","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144255877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Etiology, Thrombectomy Techniques, and Lesion Localization on Endovascular Treatment Success in Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion: A Single-Center Retrospective Study","authors":"Halil Alper Eryilmaz,&nbsp;Sena Boncuk Ulaş,&nbsp;Bilgehan Atılgan Acar","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70612","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Basilar artery occlusion (BAO) is a rare but severe form of large vessel occlusion associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity. Endovascular treatment (EVT) has become the primary therapeutic option; however, its efficacy and procedural risks in BAO remain controversial. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and procedural outcomes of EVT in BAO and to compare these results across different etiological subgroups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively analyzed 23 patients who underwent EVT for BAO between December 2019 and December 2024. Demographic data, procedural times, recanalization success rates, complications, and functional outcomes assessed by the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at three months were evaluated. The patients were categorized into three groups based on the etiology: large artery atherosclerosis, cardioembolism, and undetermined causes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Successful recanalization (mTICI 2c-3) was achieved in 100% of cases. The mean symptom-to-recanalization time was the longest in the large artery atherosclerosis group (345 ± 165.38 min). At the three-month follow-up, 47.8% of patients had a good functional outcome (mRS 0–2), and 34.1% achieved an excellent outcome (mRS 0–1). The cardioembolism group had lower mean mRS scores compared to other groups. Intracranial hemorrhage occurred in 13% of cases, with 8.7% classified as symptomatic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean 3-month mRS scores were lower in the cardioembolic etiology group. Although the combined technique group had longer recanalization times, they exhibited lower mean 3rd month mRS scores. As the number of randomized controlled trials increases, it is expected that EVT in BAO will be recommended with higher levels of evidence in the guidelines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70612","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Valerian-Hops Extract Combination (Ze 91019) on Sleep Duration and Daytime Cognitive and Psychological Parameters in Occasional Insomnia: A Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial","authors":"Nathalie Schicktanz,&nbsp;Christiane Gerhards,&nbsp;Thomas Schlitt,&nbsp;Amanda Aerni,&nbsp;Elia Müggler,&nbsp;Dominique de Quervain,&nbsp;Andreas Papassotiropoulos,&nbsp;Georg Boonen,&nbsp;Juergen Drewe,&nbsp;Veronika Butterweck","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70600","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective/Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study evaluated the feasibility of investigating the effect of a valerian and hops-based herbal medication (Ze 91019) on daytime cognitive performance, psychological parameters, and sleep measures in individuals with occasional sleep problems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted in 40 participants over a 21-day run-in period and a 21-day treatment period. Participants used Fitbit sleep trackers and completed daily online cognitive tests (i.e., reaction time and working memory), and surveys to assess subjective psychological outcomes (i.e., cognitive performance, stress levels, tiredness, mood, quality of life, and motivation).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study design proved feasible, with high adherence to the study protocol. Exploratory analyses revealed a statistically significant increase in sleep duration during the treatment period for participants using Ze 91019 compared to placebo (mean daily increase: 21.7 min, <i>p</i> = 0.019) without statistically significant effects on cognitive or psychological outcomes. Moreover, Ze 91019 statistically significantly increased the sleep duration of the shortest night in the treatment period by 48.7 minutes. The medication was well-tolerated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study design proved feasible, and Ze 91019 increased sleep duration without affecting daytime cognitive or psychological outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The trial has been preregistered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05684523).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70600","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Astrocytes in Poststroke Rehabilitation","authors":"Ying Han,&nbsp;Li Huang,&nbsp;Jiaojiao Wu,&nbsp;Guiling Wan,&nbsp;Linhong Mo,&nbsp;Aixian Liu","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70551","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and chronic disability worldwide. Therapeutic options to reduce stroke-related disability are still limited. Resident astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in the brain and respond to the pathophysiological changes induced by ischemic stroke.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Comprehensive literature search and narrative review to summarize the current field of astrocytes in poststroke rehabilitation using the PubMed database.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review first presents that astrocyte activation is critical for scar formation, synaptogenesis, synaptic remodeling, inflammation limitation, and metabolic regulation. Next, we summarize the contributions of astrocytes to neural repair after stroke with a focus on their effects on exercise, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), music therapy, acupuncture, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), and enriched environment (EE).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this review, we comprehensively analyze the role and possible mechanisms of astrocytes in various rehabilitative treatments and suggest that targeting astrocytes may be an effective strategy for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70551","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"⁠⁠Functional Foods Alleviate Behavioral Alterations and Improve GABAergic System Regulating TLR-4/NF-κB Axis in Valproic-Induced Autism","authors":"Francesco Molinari,&nbsp;Roberta Fusco,&nbsp;Rosalba Siracusa,&nbsp;Ramona D'Amico,&nbsp;Daniela Impellizzeri,&nbsp;Ali S. Abdelhameed,&nbsp;Tilman Fritsch,&nbsp;Ursula M. Jacob,&nbsp;Salvatore Cuzzocrea,&nbsp;Vittorio Calabrese,&nbsp;Rosanna Di Paola,&nbsp;Marika Cordaro","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70591","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Scope</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Valproic acid (VPA) postnatal exposure in mice results in behavioral impairment, aberrant sensitivity to sensory stimuli, and self-harming behavior, hallmarks of autism. According to previous reports, <i>Coriolus versicolor</i> (CV) has a protective effect on the brain. The goal of the current investigation was to assess how CV affected the neurobehavioral and metabolic changes caused by VPA in mice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mice pups were injected with VPA at 14 days of age and orally administered CV at a dose of 200 mg/kg daily from 14 to 40 days of age. Mice pups were placed through behavioral tests during the trial to evaluate motor skill growth, nociceptive response, locomotion, anxiety, and cognition. Following behavioral testing, mice were killed, and the brain was removed and subjected to biochemical analyses (glutathione, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide) and histopathological analysis. Additionally, to further investigate the role of the TLR-4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway, we examined the modulation of this pathway and the alteration in gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) production using Western blot analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>According to our research, CV daily administration greatly reduced behavioral alteration, reversed the disorganization of the cerebellum and hippocampus, and significantly improved the VPA-induced neuroinflammation via the TLR-4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling cascade.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70591","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Predictors of Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Lung Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Wu XiuCen,&nbsp;Chen GuiHua,&nbsp;Li Qin,&nbsp;Tang Huan,&nbsp;Shen HuaPeng","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70594","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To investigate the potential factors contributing to chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment in elderly lung cancer patients and to offer insights for the creation of an intervention program aimed at enhancing the cognitive abilities of this vulnerable population.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Three hundred thirty-eight lung cancer patients from the departments of respiratory medicine, oncology, and thoracic surgery of two tertiary-level hospitals in Chongqing from July 2023 to July 2024 were selected for the study via convenience sampling. A self-designed General and Disease-Related Information Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Cognitive Function (Fact-Cog) were utilized for the questionnaire survey. Univariate analysis of variance and binary logistic regression were employed to analyze the factors influencing chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment in elderly lung cancer patients.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Of the 338 participants, 300 (88.8%) were male and 38 (11.2%) were female, and 227 (67.2%) were between the ages of 60–69 years. The prevalence of cognitive impairment measured using the FACT-Cog was 32.8%, and univariate analysis revealed that homeplace, drinking, the nature of occupation before retirement, tea-drinking habits, leisure activities, ADL, pet ownership, HADS, BFI, PSQI, education level, hemoglobin value, and insurance were statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05). Multifactorial analysis demonstrated that education level of junior high school (OR = 0.056, p &lt; 0.05), education level of high school/secondary school (OR = 0.035, p &lt; 0.05), education level of bachelor's degree/tertiary school (OR = 0.028, p &lt; 0.05), and hemoglobin (OR = 0.981, p = 0.006) were protective factors for CRCI. Additionally, the nature of occupation before retirement (OR = 0.387, p = 0.005) and leisure activities (OR = 0.342, p = 0.001) were also found to be protective factors. Conversely, diagnosed anxiety-depression (OR = 2.938, p = 0.003) and severe fatigue (OR = 3.465, p = 0.001) emerged as risk factors for CRCI.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;CRCI is the result of the intricate interplay of multiple potential factors and complex mechanisms. Healthcare professionals need to develop personalized intervention plans for patients based on their unique influencing factors, aimin","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70594","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Placebo and Nocebo Effects in Motor Performance: An Overview of Reviews","authors":"Cayque Brietzke,&nbsp;Wesley Alves Ribeiro,&nbsp;Paulo Estevão Franco-Alvarenga,&nbsp;Raul Canestri,&nbsp;Ìtalo Vínicius,&nbsp;Gustavo Vasconcelos,&nbsp;Julio Cesario,&nbsp;Nelson Carvas Junior,&nbsp;Vitor de Salles Painelli,&nbsp;Flávio Oliveira Pires","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70534","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess and synthesize the effect size and quality of the literature on the placebo and nocebo effects on motor performance and motor-related perceptive responses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Umbrella review.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Data sources</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Medline, Embase, Lilacs, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for peer-reviewed literature, PROSPERO for protocols, and the Open Access Theses and Dissertations for gray literature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Eligibility criteria for selecting studies</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Population—human participants with varied health conditions; intervention: placebo; control: no treatment or active intervention; outcome: motor performance (primary) and perceptual variables (secondary); study design—ystematic reviews with or without meta-analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 3432 records were gathered from searches, resulting in 13 eligible reviews after screening. These reviews encompassed 247 original studies, with 221 focusing on the placebo effect and 26 on the nocebo effect. Among all eligible systematic reviews, five conducted meta-analysis with 5036 participants, and one provided a summary of effect sizes reported by the original studies with 1215 participants. The reviews reported small to large effects of placebo (SMD = 0.09–0.93) and nocebo (SMD = 0.37–1.20), and only two conducted the GRADE assessment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found varied placebo and nocebo effects on motor performance, likely due to the poor quality of the methodology used by most reviews, highlighting the need for well-conducted systematic reviews on the placebo and nocebo phenomena.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70534","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Causal Association Between 91 Circulating Inflammatory Proteins and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization and Bioinformatics Analysis","authors":"Ziwei Gong,&nbsp;Rong Cao,&nbsp;Hong Zhu","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70586","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Circulating inflammatory proteins play a significant role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). However, the precise causal relationship and the underlying mechanisms of their interaction remain elusive.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for 91 circulating inflammatory proteins were obtained from the GWAS Catalog. Additionally, GWAS data for Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS), and ischemic stroke (IS) were acquired from the IEU Open GWAS Project. Four Mendelian randomization (MR) methods were employed to analyze causal effects, accompanied by sensitivity and pleiotropy analyses. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analyses for CD40 and MS-associated SNPs were performed. Transcriptomic data from the peripheral blood of MS patients were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). RRMS patients were divided into two subgroups (C1 and C2) based on CD40 expression levels for comparative analysis. A single gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to investigate potential molecular mechanisms through which CD40 influences MS.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;MR analyses indicated that CD40 ligand receptor (CD40) is associated with a reduced risk of MS (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.72–0.84; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;FDR&lt;/sub&gt; = 8.75E-07). No statistically significant bidirectional causal relationships were found between other inflammatory proteins and PD, AD, ALS, or IS, and the findings were robust. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these eQTLs primarily relate to transcriptional regulation, herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection, and bile and fatty acid metabolism. In MS peripheral blood microarray data, CD40 is significantly downregulated in RRMS. Intergroup comparisons revealed elevated levels of resting memory CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells, activated NK cells, and neutrophils in C1, alongside increased autophagy, apoptosis, multiple immune responses, and upregulation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathways. Conversely, C2 exhibited higher levels of Tregs, resting NK cells, and activated dendritic cells, as well as upregulation in processes such as cholesterol homeostasis, glucose metabolism, and CD4/CD8 downregulation. Single-GSEA results suggest that CD40 promotes nucleotide metabolism, mitochondrial calcium ion transport, unfolded protein response (UPR), and adaptive immune regulation, while inhibiting androgen response and TGF-β signaling pathways, thereby influencing the progression ","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70586","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}