Brain and Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Corrections to \"Cognitive Reserve and Psychological Well-Being in Aging Population of Community-Dwellers in Spain\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71860","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71860","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 10","pages":"e71860"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149219967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting-State EEG Aperiodic Activity and Negative Affective Vulnerability: The Mediating Role of Big Five Personality Traits.","authors":"Jin Lin, Zhiqing Dai, Sitong Feng, Ruiwen Song, Xinyue Jiang, Huanshu Xu, Ziyi Zhao, Hongpeng Lv, Hongxiao Jia","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71836","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Resting-state EEG aperiodic parameters characterize the broadband background component of neural activity. The offset reflects overall broadband power and has been linked to population-level firing, whereas the exponent is often interpreted, within a theoretical framework, as an indirect proxy for cortical excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance. These measures may therefore provide candidate neurophysiological trait markers of negative affective vulnerability, but it remains unclear whether their associations with trait anxiety and trait depression are direct or are statistically accounted for by stable personality traits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 164 healthy adults completed measures of the Big Five personality traits, trait anxiety, and trait depression and underwent eyes-closed resting-state EEG recording. Aperiodic exponent and offset were estimated at the whole-brain and regional levels using spectral parameterization. Partial correlations, hierarchical regression analyses, and bootstrap mediation analyses were conducted controlling for sex, age, and years of education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neuroticism showed the strongest and most spatially widespread positive associations with the aperiodic exponent. Trait anxiety showed more limited associations, mainly with whole-brain and frontal aperiodic parameters. The association between whole-brain exponent and trait anxiety was no longer significant after the Big Five personality traits were entered into the model. Bootstrap mediation analyses identified significant indirect effects in this association through personality traits, with neuroticism showing the largest indirect effect and conscientiousness also showing a significant indirect effect. Trait depression was not directly associated with aperiodic parameters, although significant indirect effects through personality traits were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Resting-state EEG aperiodic activity, particularly the exponent, was more consistently associated with stable personality dispositions than with negative affective vulnerability directly. Personality traits, especially neuroticism, may statistically account for part of the association between aperiodic exponent and trait anxiety. Because the data were cross-sectional, the temporal and causal direction of these associations cannot be determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13687659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149236881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated With Decent Work Perception Among Chinese Medical Nursing Assistants: A Cross-Sectional Study With Exploratory Mediation Analysis.","authors":"Jinhong Lu, Juan Liu, Huina Mao, Guizhi Luo","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.71752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medical nursing assistants are non-professional auxiliary care workers who provide daily living care and assist with basic activities under the guidance of healthcare professionals in China. Guided by the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, this study examined how job demands, job resources, and personal resources were associated with decent work perception and whether occupational burnout statistically accounted for part of the psychological capital-decent work perception association.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional convenience sample of 846 medical nursing assistants was recruited from 21 general hospitals in Guangdong Province, China, in December 2025. The primary regression used variables selected through univariate screening at two-tailed p < 0.05, while JD-R categories were prespecified for conceptual interpretation. Random forest reproducibility was evaluated through nested five-fold cross-validation, explicit hyperparameter tuning, held-out repeated permutation importance, and conditional permutation for correlated predictors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The primary regression explained 42.8% of the variance and achieved a five-fold cross-validated R2 of 0.414; the random forest nested cross-validated R2 was 0.393. Psychological capital, occupational burnout, and innovation climate remained the leading random-forest predictors. CR2 standard errors with Satterthwaite degrees of freedom supported six of the eight primary adjusted associations; daily working hours and insurance were attenuated to p = 0.059 and p = 0.057, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Decent work perception was associated with personal resources, job demands, and organizational resources. The cross-sectional indirect association through occupational burnout was small and does not establish temporal causality.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 10","pages":"e71752"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13659933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149179583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebral Lateralization for Language as a Potential Biomarker for the Broad Autism Phenotype: A Functional Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography Investigation.","authors":"Venetia Mendrinou, Anastasia K Papadopoulou, Ioanna Panopoulou, Filippos Vlachos, Sebastian Ocklenburg, Banu Ahtam, Nicholas A Badcock, Phivos Phylactou, Marietta Papadatou-Pastou","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71803","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with language deficits, while growing evidence suggests that atypical cerebral lateralization for language could serve as a potential neural marker for ASD. The present study seeks to investigate cerebral lateralization for language not only in terms of ASD, but also as a potential biomarker for the broad autism phenotype (BAP)-a sum of subclinical traits similar to those of ASD. BAP is often observed in family members of individuals with ASD, and encompasses personality, linguistic, social, communicative, and behavioral challenges that fall short of the diagnostic threshold for ASD. We hypothesize that individuals with ASD will show atypical patterns of cerebral lateralization for language relative to neurotypical controls, with individuals exhibiting BAP characteristics expected to fall between these two groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To test this hypothesis, neurophysiological and behavioral assessments of cerebral lateralization for language, alongside cerebral lateralization of visuospatial functions-to confirm that the expected differences are specific to language lateralization-will be performed in at least 26 children and adults with high-functioning ASD, 26 BAP-positive siblings (BAP group), and 26 neurotypical controls. Behavioral lateralization, namely handedness, will be assessed through neuropsychological tools, while cerebral lateralization will be measured utilizing functional transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (fTCD), a validated and reliable tool specialized for cerebral lateralization assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This is a Stage-1 registered report; therefore, no results are available at this time point.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings are expected to inform improved understanding and, potentially, early identification and screening for both ASD and BAP.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 10","pages":"e71803"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13648164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disrupted Sensory-Motor Network Integrity in Excessive Online Gaming: Insight From Multimodal Morphometric Mapping.","authors":"Zulalanmu Abudouxukuer, Michael Afiadenyo, Zhenzhen Yang, Benjamin Becker, Stefania Ferraro, Elijah Agoalikum, Seth Kwadjo Angmorterh, Francis Tanam Djankpa, Latif Adams, Bharat B Biswal, Benjamin Klugah-Brown","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71823","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Excessive online gaming (EOG) is a transitional stage between recreational gaming and internet gaming disorder (IGD), characterized by impaired self-control and escalating engagement. Early identification of neural and behavioral vulnerabilities is crucial for understanding IGD development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-nine young adults (30 EOG, 29 controls) completed structural MRI and behavioral assessments, including the IGD Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF) and the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS). Source-based morphometry (SBM) identified independent gray matter networks, while behavioral profiling and receptor-level mapping examined functional and neurochemical associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SBM revealed six gray matter components, with one network encompassing the right thalamus and precentral gyrus showing reduced loading in EOG, which negatively correlated with IGDS9-SF scores. Behavioral annotation linked this network to sensory integration, attention, and motor-executive control. Spatial overlap with serotonergic and dopaminergic receptor distributions indicated potential neurotransmitter involvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early alterations in sensory-motor networks and associated neurotransmitter systems may contribute to impaired self-regulation and heightened reward sensitivity, providing a multimodal framework for understanding the progression from excessive gaming to IGD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 10","pages":"e71823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood Trauma Exposure Associated With a More Severe Course of Metabolic Disturbances in Bipolar Disorder: A 36-Month Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Juan F Galvez-Florez, Hernán F Guillen-Burgos, Sergio Moreno-López, Mariana Ramírez-Posada, Juan-Manuel Anaya, Roger S McIntyre","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.71789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood trauma (CT) is a recognized risk factor for adverse psychiatric and physical health outcomes in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). However, few prospective studies have examined how CT relates to the longitudinal course of metabolic dysregulation in BD. This study aimed to describe the association between CT exposure and the progression of metabolic disturbances over 36 months in adults with BD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective cohort study, 305 adults diagnosed with BD (Types I and II) were followed across 13 visits over 36 months. Participants were stratified according to CT exposure using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF). Metabolic outcomes (HbA1c, BMI, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and hs-CRP) were analyzed with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and linear mixed-effects models incorporating a group-by-time interaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 305 participants enrolled, 53 (17.4%) were lost to follow-up. Longitudinal analyses showed significant CT-by-time interactions for all metabolic markers (p < 0.001). At 36 months, participants exposed to CT showed greater increases than non-exposed participants in HbA1c (adjusted least-squares mean difference 1.11%, 95% CI 0.89-1.33), BMI (4.46 kg/m², 95% CI 3.90-5.03), and hs-CRP (2.68 mg/L, 95% CI 2.52-2.84), together with unfavorable changes in the lipid profile. Effect sizes were large (Cohen's d > 0.8). These associations persisted after IPTW weighting for measured baseline covariates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this observational cohort, CT exposure was associated with an accelerated trajectory of metabolic deterioration in individuals with BD after weighting for measured baseline characteristics. Because the design is observational and several behavioral, socioeconomic, and illness-course determinants of metabolic risk were not measured, these findings should be interpreted as associations rather than as causal effects. They nonetheless support the value of early trauma-informed assessment and of integrated care strategies addressing both psychiatric and physical health in BD. Future research should incorporate detailed lifestyle and treatment-exposure data, additional inflammatory biomarkers, and preventive interventions to mitigate long-term cardiometabolic risk in this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13695791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149262546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Effectiveness of Intravenous Tenecteplase versus Alteplase in Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Shaheer Bin Shafiq, Ammad Uddin, Muhammad Hussain, Ghulam Taha Khan, Muhammad Hassan, Muhammad Junaid Razzak, Mominah Majid, Faisal Islam, Umer Ahmed, Ahmed Anwaar Uddin, Hasibullah Aminpoor, Muhammad Ahmed","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71831","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Posterior circulation ischemic stroke (PCIS) is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, and the optimal intravenous thrombolytic strategy in this subgroup remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched databases for studies comparing intravenous tenecteplase with alteplase in adults with PCIS. The primary outcome was functional independence at 90 days (mRS 0-2). Secondary outcomes included other functional outcomes, reperfusion, hemorrhagic complications, and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five studies involving 997 patients were included. Regarding efficacy outcomes, tenecteplase was associated with a significantly greater likelihood of achieving an ambulatory functional outcome at 90 days (mRS 0-3) [RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.03-1.60; p = 0.02] and improved pre-EVT perfusion [RR 2.18, 95% CI 1.06-4.46; p = 0.03]. No significant differences were observed for excellent functional outcome (mRS 0-1) [RR 1.19, 95% CI 0.91-1.56; p = 0.20], functional independence (mRS 0-2) [RR 1.10, 95% CI 0.89-1.37; p = 0.39], or post-EVT perfusion [RR 1.12, 95% CI 0.89-1.40; p = 0.34]. Regarding safety outcomes, no significant differences were observed between tenecteplase and alteplase for symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) [RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.36-2.22; p = 0.81], any intracranial hemorrhage [RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.59-1.78; p = 0.94], parenchymal hematoma [RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.24-2.38; p = 0.64], or 90-day mortality [RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.66-1.17; p = 0.39].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tenecteplase may improve reperfusion and ambulatory recovery without increasing hemorrhagic complications or mortality compared with alteplase in PCIS, although larger PCIS-specific studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 10","pages":"e71831"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Regulates Spinal Dorsal Horn Synaptic Plasticity in a Mouse Model of Neuropathic Pain through the CB1R/SREBP1/NAMPT/SIRT1 Metabolic Regulatory Framework.","authors":"Lu Liu, Chenglong Wu, Hui Xia, Jie Cheng, Liang Zhong, Jiang Wu","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.71837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neuropathic pain is sustained by maladaptive synaptic plasticity in the spinal dorsal horn. Increasing evidence suggests that metabolic regulation is closely linked to synaptic function, as lipid metabolism, membrane microdomain organization, NAD⁺-dependent signaling, and cellular stress-response pathways can influence receptor trafficking, neuronal excitability, and activity-dependent synaptic remodeling. Because cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R) signaling participates in both pain processing and metabolic control, we investigated whether CB1R modulation is associated with coordinated changes in spinal synaptic plasticity and metabolic regulators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A chronic constriction injury (CCI) mouse model was used. Mice were treated with the CB1R antagonist AM251 or the CB1R agonist WIN55,212-2. Mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity, C-fiber-evoked long-term potentiation in the spinal dorsal horn, plasma lipid indices, and the expression of CB1R, SREBP1, NAMPT, and SIRT1 were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CB1R activation alleviated CCI-induced mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity and attenuated exaggerated C-fiber-evoked spinal long-term potentiation, whereas CB1R inhibition produced the opposite tendency. AM251 reduced spinal dorsal horn CB1R, SREBP1, and NAMPT protein levels by 49.0%, 37.8%, and 57.5%, respectively, compared with untreated CCI mice, while increasing SIRT1 protein by 17.8% (p < 0.01). In contrast, WIN55,212-2 increased CB1R, SREBP1, and NAMPT protein levels by 24.5%, 23.7%, and 17.2%, respectively, and reduced SIRT1 protein by 28.8% compared with untreated CCI mice (p < 0.01). qPCR analysis showed consistent changes at the transcriptional level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CB1R activation is associated with pain relief, suppression of spinal synaptic potentiation, and coordinated regulation of the SREBP1/NAMPT/SIRT1 metabolic axis. These findings suggest that CB1R-mediated metabolic regulation may contribute to maladaptive spinal synaptic plasticity in neuropathic pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 10","pages":"e71837"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13659934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149179550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Glymphatic Imaging Markers With Clinical Outcomes and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.","authors":"Xiao Hu, Zuoqiao Li, Zijie Wang, Yingmei Zhang, Mengqiu Zhang, Sijia Liu, Fan Chen, Jianshuo Shao, Longsheng Wang, Qi Li","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71856","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The glymphatic system plays a critical role in cerebral metabolite clearance and white matter injury. However, its clinical relevance in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate imaging-based glymphatic markers in relation to functional outcomes and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) burden in patients with ICH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 70 patients with acute supratentorial ICH who underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Glymphatic-related imaging parameters were derived using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including DTI-ALPS, free water (FW) fraction, and relative perivascular space (PVS) volume. CSVD burden was assessed using relative white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume and number of lacunes. Functional independence was defined as a 3-month modified Rankin Scale score of 0-2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In fully adjusted logistic regression models, higher FW in deep WM was associated with a lower likelihood of functional independence at 3 months (OR = 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36-0.98; p = 0.041), with consistent findings across sequential models. Linear regression analyses further demonstrated that greater relative WMH volume was significantly associated with increased FW in deep WM (β = 0.143; 95% CI, 0.008-0.277; p = 0.038) and with smaller relative PVS volume in fully adjusted models. Neither FW association remained statistically significant after FDR correction. The FW-outcome association was also nonsignificant after adjustment for WMH burden, and the exploratory mediation analysis showed no statistically significant indirect effect.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Contralateral FW showed nominal associations with functional outcome and WMH burden and may reflect diffuse CSVD-related white matter injury. Its independent prognostic and mediating roles remain unestablished and require validation in larger longitudinal studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 10","pages":"e71856"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Saffron as an Adjunct to Methylphenidate in Treating ADHD in Children Aged 6-12: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Asieh Hosseinpourfardi, Seyyed Mohammad Saeid Sahaf, Fahimeh Afzaljavan, Atefeh Soltanifar, Fatemeh Moharreri","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71822","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood disorder often managed with stimulant medications such as methylphenidate. Around 30% of patients with ADHD do not respond to treatment or cannot tolerate its side effects, which necessitates the consideration of alternative options. This study evaluated the effectiveness of adding the saffron extract to methylphenidate on ADHD symptoms and working memory in children aged 6-12.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In a randomized clinical trial, 58 children diagnosed with ADHD were randomized into two groups: a methylphenidate (0.5-1 mg/kg/day, divided into 2-3 doses)/saffron (20-30 mg/day based on weight: 20 mg for <30 kg, 30 mg for >30 kg) group and a control group receiving only methylphenidate (0.5-1 mg/kg/day, divided into 2-3 doses) for six weeks. The severity of ADHD was evaluated using subjective (Conners' Parent Rating Scale-revised) and objective (Corsi block-span task and continuous performance test) tests at the start and end (in the sixth week) of the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>22 participants in the methylphenidate/saffron group and 21 in the control group completed the study. The changing trend of total ADHD scores (p = 0.002, Cohen's d = 0.85), hyperactivity score (p = 0.024, d = 0.62), impulsivity score (p = 0.031, d = 0.58), and attention score (p = 0.001, d = 0.92) was significantly different between groups based on subjective parent reports. However, no significant differences were found in impulsivity, inattention, or sustained attention on the CPT, though reaction time improved significantly (p = 0.023, d = 0.45). Scores on the Corsi Block Span Task indicated no significant changes in working memory between groups. The combination treatment was well-tolerated, with no reports of severe adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that the combination of saffron with methylphenidate may enhance subjective reports of ADHD symptoms, particularly hyperactivity and impulsivity; however, objective cognitive measures showed limited changes. Given the favorable safety profile of saffron and study limitations, this supports its potential role as a complementary option, pending confirmation in placebo-controlled trials with larger samples and long-term evaluations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 10","pages":"e71822"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13679766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}