Brain and Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Correction to “Effects of Restricted Blood Flow Interval Training on Lower Extremity Muscles and Motor Function in Stroke Patients”","authors":"Jianrong Xiong","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70802","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Li, Y., Y. Liu, and J. Xiong. 2025. “Effects of Restricted Blood Flow Interval Training on Lower Extremity Muscles and Motor Function in Stroke Patients.” <i>Brain and Behavior</i> 15, no. 7: e70683.</p><p><b>[The corresponding author's name was misspelled as “Jiangrong Xiong.” The correct spelling is “Jianrong Xiong.”</b></p><p>The first author's affiliation “Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China” was incorrect because we have just been informed by the relevant department at our hospital that the “Center for Rehabilitation Medicine” is not set up at our institution now. The first author's correct affiliation is “Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China.”</p><p>The second author's affiliation “Department of Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China” was incorrect because the “Center for Infectious Diseases” is wrong. The second author's correct affiliation is “Department of Infectious Diseases, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China.”</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70802","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between Depression and Risk of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Prakasini Satapathy,&nbsp;Abhay M. Gaidhane,&nbsp;Nasir Vadia,&nbsp;Soumya V. Menon,&nbsp;Kattela Chennakesavulu,&nbsp;Rajashree Panigrahi,&nbsp;Ganesh Bushi,&nbsp;Mahendra Singh,&nbsp;Sanjit Sah,&nbsp;Awakash Turkar,&nbsp;S. Govinda Rao,&nbsp;Khang Wen Goh,&nbsp;Muhammed Shabil,&nbsp;Edward Mawejje","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70931","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hypertension and depression are major global health concerns, with increasing evidence suggesting a potential bidirectional relationship between the two conditions. While previous studies have explored this association, the findings remain inconsistent, necessitating a comprehensive evaluation. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between depression and the risk of developing hypertension by synthesizing evidence from observational studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases was conducted up to December 20, 2024. Observational studies that examined depression as an exposure and hypertension as an outcome were included. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed to estimate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore heterogeneity and assess the robustness of findings. Publication bias was evaluated using Egger test and funnel plots.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 36 studies were included, comprising cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control designs. The pooled analysis indicated a significant positive association between depression and hypertension (pooled OR = 1.198, 95% CI: 1.086–1.321), with substantial heterogeneity (<i>I</i>² = 68%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Longitudinal studies yielded a pooled HR of 1.277 (95% CI: 1.159–1.408) with no significant heterogeneity (<i>I</i>² = 0%). Subgroup analyses revealed stronger associations in cross-sectional studies compared to cohort studies. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of findings, while publication bias was detected.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides evidence supporting a positive association between depression and an increased risk of hypertension. The findings underscore the importance of integrating mental health screening in cardiovascular care and adopting multidisciplinary strategies to address both conditions. Further research is needed to clarify causal pathways and explore targeted interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70931","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Speed and Accuracy Trade-Off in Working Memory Retrieval and Bilateral Precuneus Between Older Men and Women","authors":"Darlingtina K. Esiaka,&nbsp;Stephanie Strothkamp,&nbsp;Aghayeeabianeh Banafsheh,&nbsp;Lucas Broster,&nbsp;David K. Powell,&nbsp;Gregory Jicha,&nbsp;Yang Jiang","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70912","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite various hypotheses, including differences in longevity, hormones, genetics, and neuroanatomy, the reasons for the higher prevalence of Alzheimer's disease in older women compared to men remain unclear. Emerging evidence suggests that the precuneus, a key region of the default mode network, is linked to internally focused processes like memory retrieval. We examined the relationship between precuneus volumes and task performance (accuracy and reaction time) during working memory retrievals in cognitively normal older adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cohort of older participants (<i>N</i> = 45; 25 women; <i>M</i>_age = 77) from the University of Kentucky Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (UK-ADRC) performed the modified delayed match-to-sample working memory task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging in a 3T Siemens scanner.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found the accuracy of working memory retrieval correlates more frequently with the left precuneus in women (<i>r</i> = 0.54; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) than in men. Similarly, volumes in the left precuneus displayed a significant negative correlation with reaction time in response to memory target (<i>r</i> = −0.426; <i>p</i> = 0.038) and memory distractor (<i>r</i> = −0.549; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) in women. There is a sex difference in the accuracy and speed trade-off. While men were faster in reaction time, women were better at the accuracy of the memory task. We found no sex differences in the percentage of fMRI signal change across reaction time in response to the memory target for men (<i>R</i>² linear = 0.011) and women (<i>R</i>² linear = 0.003). Particularly noteworthy was the consistent association in women, where neurocognitive measures (trail A, <i>r</i> = −0.50; <i>p</i> = 0.010; trail B, <i>r</i> = −0.06; <i>p</i> = 0.002) reliably correlated with volumes in the left precuneus—a relationship not observed in men.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest that the left precuneus volume is associated with processing speed and accuracy of working memory performance, especially in women. Given that the left precuneus plays a key role in supporting various aspects of cognition, including memory retrieval, our findings point to the potential of reaction time serving as a surrogate marker for functional MRI in predicting cognitive decline, particularly in older women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70912","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Sleep Disorders and Maternal and Birth Outcomes: A Retrospective US Claims-Based Study","authors":"Anayeli Herrera Morales,&nbsp;Audrey C. Choh,&nbsp;Cici X. Bauer,&nbsp;Stefan A. Czerwinski,&nbsp;Miryoung Lee","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70908","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sleep disturbances are commonly reported during pregnancy and have been associated with adverse maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes. However, self-reported sleep disturbances may not be accurately reflected in the prevalence of clinically diagnosed sleep disorders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using Optum's de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 93,767 American women who were pregnant with singletons between January 1, 2015 and June 30, 2021, to (1) determine the prevalence of clinically diagnosed sleep disorders and breathing abnormalities; (2) examine their associations with maternal health outcomes; and (3) examine their associations with birth outcomes. Sleep disorders and breathing abnormalities were defined on the basis of International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 or -10 codes. Maternal and birth outcomes were defined on the basis of ICD-10 codes. Multivariable binary and multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine associations, adjusting for demographic and insurance-related factors, with additional adjustment for the infant's sex and pregnancy complications in birth outcome models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of clinically diagnosed sleep disorders and breathing abnormalities was 3.41%. These sleep conditions were significantly associated with increased odds (aORs: 1.25–3.37) of cesarean deliveries, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, postpartum depression, stillbirths, newborn size by gestational age, birthweight, and gestation period among women with a singleton pregnancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings are consistent with previous research, but the lower prevalence of clinical diagnoses, compared to self-reported rates, suggests underdiagnosis in clinical settings. This highlights the need for routine sleep screenings during prenatal care to support early detection and management. Key limitations include limited direct information on SES and restriction to an insured population. Future studies should explore these associations in more diverse and publicly insured populations to guide equitable screening and intervention strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70908","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Being Moved to Being Still: Kama Muta Reduces Postural Sway Velocity","authors":"Maria Meisel,&nbsp;Philipp Hofmann,&nbsp;Petra Jansen","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70897","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70897","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Grounded in embodiment theory, this exploratory study examines whether kama muta (as being moved/touched) elicits measurable changes in postural sway (subtle body movement even during stillness) reflecting an emotional–motor connection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were collected from 87 university students (aged 18–43 years, <i>M</i> = 22.22, <i>SD</i> = 3.20). Participants viewed six video clips (kama muta and neutral condition) while standing on a force plate that recorded their postural sway. After each video, participants rated their feelings of being moved on a 5-point Likert scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Kama muta was associated with a significant reduction in sway velocity compared to the neutral condition (<i>p</i> = 0.003), with no significant differences in mean amplitude (<i>p</i> = 0.31). Sway velocity and amplitude decreased significantly in the second half of the kama muta condition (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), indicating intensification of the emotional effect. No significant correlations emerged between self-reported emotional ratings and sway metrics (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings indicate a possible stabilizing effect of kama muta on postural control, promoting physical grounding during emotional experiences. While the homogeneous sample limits generalizability, these results enhance our understanding of emotional embodiment and suggest potential applications for fostering emotional and social connection. Future research should explore these mechanisms by including comprehensive emotion assessments and additional measures to identify muscular activation patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70897","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bibliometric Mapping of Research Trends and Hotspots of Microglia in Spinal Cord Injury (2000–2024)","authors":"Ziming Cai,&nbsp;Gongpeng Xiong,&nbsp;Jintao Wu,&nbsp;Hanjun Zhang,&nbsp;Jian Huang,&nbsp;Qinghe Yu,&nbsp;Wenping Lin","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70881","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70881","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Spinal cord injury (SCI), acknowledged as the most severe complication arising from spinal trauma, pertains to the dysfunction of the spinal cord due to traumatic events or other pathological conditions. Extensive research has elucidated a substantial correlation between SCI and inflammatory processes, highlighting the critical involvement of microglia in orchestrating neuroinflammatory responses. Moreover, a growing body of evidence has demonstrated a strong connection between microglial activation and both the pathogenesis and progression of SCI.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We chose bibliometric analysis to comprehensively summarize the research progress of microglia in SCI, aiming to provide researchers with current trends and future research directions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;All articles and reviews addressing microglia in SCI were systematically retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database, spanning publications from 2000 to 2024. Subsequent bibliometric analysis was conducted utilizing four analytical tools: VOSviewer (version 1.6.20), R software (package bibliometrix), the Biblioshiny web interface, and CiteSpace (version 6.2.R4), ensuring comprehensive examination of publication patterns and research trends.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A total of 2428 publications were ultimately included in this bibliometric analysis. The annual publication count demonstrated a consistent upward trajectory. China is the country with the most published articles, and Ohio State University ranks first in institutional publications. &lt;i&gt;Experimental Neurology&lt;/i&gt; is the journal with the most published articles, while &lt;i&gt;Journal of Neuroscience&lt;/i&gt; is the journal with the most cited articles. Popovich Pg is the author with the highest productivity and co-citation. Cluster analysis yielded a total of 15 different co-citation clusters. Time analysis shows explosive citation outbreaks in 2006, 2009, and 2011. Keyword analysis revealed inflammation, expression, activation, and central nervous system as the most frequently occurring terms. Recent keyword trends feature emerging terms like exosomes, extracellular vesicles, and nanoparticles. Keyword bursts revealed promotes, extracellular vesicle, recovery, neuroinflammation, therapy, polarization, and pathway are the hotspots of research at the present stage and are likely to continue. These findings provide critical insights for developing microglia-targeted therapeutic strategies and prioritizing re","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Cumulative Atherogenic Index of Plasma and New-Onset Stroke Among Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Patients With Stages 0–3 Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: A Longitudinal Cohort Study","authors":"Miao Sun,&nbsp;Qingyu Yang,&nbsp;Ruonan Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaolin Zhang,&nbsp;Lisi Xu,&nbsp;Pengyu Pan","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70914","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70914","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome represents the interaction among chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders. However, the association between the cumulative atherogenic index of plasma (CumAIP) and the risk of incident stroke in individuals with CKM syndrome has not been fully established.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). A total of 4674 participants were categorized into quartiles according to CumAIP values and further stratified by CKM syndrome stages (0–3). Multivariable Cox regression models were applied to examine the relationship between CumAIP and incident stroke, while restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to explore potential nonlinear associations. Subgroup analyses evaluated possible effect modifications by age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, and diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over the follow-up period, 261 (5.6%) incident strokes were documented, with incidence increasing from 2.5% in CKM stages 0 and 1 to 6.3% in stages 2 and 3. After adjusting for potential confounders, each unit increase in CumAIP was associated with a 149% higher risk of incident stroke (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.69–3.65). Participants in the highest CumAIP quartile showed a 144% higher risk compared with those in the lowest quartile (HR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.61–3.70). RCS analysis suggested a linear association (<i>p</i> for nonlinearity = 0.182).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher CumAIP is significantly associated with increased risk of incident stroke, particularly among individuals with advanced CKM stages and high-risk subgroups, including older adults, smokers, and those with diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70914","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Neurotoxicity in a Large Cohort of Italian Patients Undergoing Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-Cell Therapy","authors":"Anna Modoni,&nbsp;Catello Vollono,&nbsp;Eugenio Galli,&nbsp;Luca Capriati,&nbsp;Federica Sorà,&nbsp;Stefan Hohaus,&nbsp;Serenella Servidei,&nbsp;Nicola Piccirillo,&nbsp;Paolo Calabresi,&nbsp;Simona Sica","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70891","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70891","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is an innovative and effective treatment for patients with B-cell hematological malignancies. Despite its high efficacy, it has been associated with the development of acute toxicities that can be severe or even fatal. Indeed, cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) can induce significant morbidity and require close monitoring. Identification of clinical and laboratory markers able to predict the occurrence of ICANS may allow prompt recognition and more effective management strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we report a retrospective study on a cohort of 81 Italian adult patients treated in our hospital between September 2019 and April 2024. We reviewed all clinical, demographic, laboratory, and neurophysiological data in order to identify potential predictors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results of the multivariate analysis confirmed that ICANS typically occurred less frequently in younger patients, especially when treated with 41BB co-stimulated CAR-T. Baseline EEG abnormalities are confirmed to be a fundamental predictor of neurotoxicity. Interestingly, we identified GammaGT as a new, statistically significant marker of ICANS. This represents a novel finding, probably related to the important role of GammaGT also in neuroinflammation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results need to be confirmed in a larger cohort of patients in order to eventually be integrated into current clinical practice and management of patients undergoing CAR-T.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Link Between Inflammatory Biomarkers (SII, SIRI, PLR, NLR, LMR) and Migraine in Young and Early Middle-Aged US Adults: Evidence From NHANES 1999–2004 and Machine Learning Models","authors":"Guodong Ha,&nbsp;Zixuan Yan,&nbsp;Jiawei Wu,&nbsp;Xun Wang,&nbsp;Jing Hu,&nbsp;Lincheng Duan,&nbsp;Zhengyu Zhao,&nbsp;Dingjun Cai","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70886","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Migraines are a prevalent neurological condition that significantly impacts quality of life, but the underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. This study aims to explore the relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and migraine prevalence in young and early middle-aged Americans. The inflammatory biomarkers considered include the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI), Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio (LMR).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2004 were utilized for this investigation. Subgroup analysis, smooth curve fitting, and multivariable logistic regression were employed to evaluate associations. Boruta's algorithm, alongside nine machine learning models, was applied to identify key features. SHapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) values were used to interpret the leading models and highlight influential features.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study revealed no significant differences in SII, SIRI, NLR, or PLR between individuals with and without migraines. However, a significantly higher LMR was observed in individuals with migraines (mean difference: 0.37, <i>p </i>&lt; 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated a strong positive correlation between LMR and migraine risk across multiple models (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.14–2.00, <i>p </i>= 0.009). No significant associations were found for the other inflammatory biomarkers. Subgroup analyses further confirmed that the positive correlation between LMR and migraine risk remained consistent across different strata. Threshold effect analysis revealed a stable linear relationship between LMR and migraine risk up to a value of 1.61. Among the nine machine learning models, the LightGBM model exhibited the highest AUROC (0.9198), recall (93.3%), <i>F</i>1-score (0.896), and MCC (0.702).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LMR may serve as a potential biomarker for assessing migraine risk, offering support for early diagnosis and personalized intervention strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70886","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A GI-Interoceptive Threat Theory of Restrictive Eating: Insights From Active Inference and Chronic Pain","authors":"Laura Case","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70892","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Restrictive eating is a common eating disorder (ED) behavior and risk factor. Disturbed body image is also highly associated with the development and maintenance of eating disorders. Yet body image often remains distorted after treatment, and there is little scientific understanding of the mechanisms by which restrictive eating and distorted body image are linked. In parallel, current models of chronic pain describe how fear and negative beliefs about pain lead to avoidance of painful sensations and a threatened response to their occurrence, entrenching a cycle of amplified pain that risks becoming chronic. These models are informed by theories of active inference, which describe how the brain actively shapes sensory experience to reduce prediction errors (discrepancy between predictions and sensory data). This understanding has led to significant advances in the treatment of chronic pain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Theories of active inference and central sensitization in chronic pain and ED research on fear of fatness and gastrointestinal (GI) interoception were reviewed and integrated to propose a theoretical model of sensitization of GI sensations in EDs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Through the lens of active inference, I propose a hypothesis-generating framework that a fatphobic culture confers beliefs that fatness is bad, driving avoidance. Through dieting—an attempt to avoid fatness—interoceptive sensations of fullness/distention come to signify fatness and are thus construed as threatening. Similar to chronic pain, these sensations become amplified and persistent, distorting body image and entrenching restrictive eating patterns. This framework leads to novel proposals for research and treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant theoretical advances may be afforded by considering EDs through models of central sensitization and active inference in chronic pain. I propose mechanistic links between interoception, distorted body image, and restrictive eating, and discuss implications and future directions for research and treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70892","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}