Psychological review最新文献

A selective sampling account of forming numerosity representations. 形成数表示的选择性抽样说明。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000575

Yonatan Vanunu,Roger Ratcliff

{"title":"A selective sampling account of forming numerosity representations.","authors":"Yonatan Vanunu,Roger Ratcliff","doi":"10.1037/rev0000575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000575","url":null,"abstract":"Two leading models of numerosity judgments describe numerical representations as Gaussian distributions on a mental number line. The linear model posits that both the mean and standard deviation of the distributions increase linearly with number, while the logarithmic model assumes logarithmic increases in the mean with constant variability. In this study, we use the selective sampling account, which proposes that information is gathered selectively based on goals and available resources, to explore the cognitive processes underlying variations in variability and scaling. In intermingled displays of blue and yellow dots (blue/yellow task), participants relied on incomplete representations of dots positioned near the center, where spatial resolution is highest, leading to increasing variability with set size. In contrast, spatially separated displays (left/right task) facilitated more comprehensive sampling, resulting in approximately constant variability across set sizes. Behavioral patterns and modeling analyses suggest that the type of scale used is also shaped by the display format, with a more sensitive linear scale applied to compute numerical differences in intermingled displays, and a less sensitive logarithmic scale used to estimate magnitudes for each side in spatially separated displays. Eye-tracking data provide further support for our account, emphasizing the role of selective attention in forming numerical representations and providing a unified framework for understanding variability and scaling across tasks. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144645990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Internalizing disorders as shape-shifters: Understanding individual and cultural heterogeneity in the presentation of symptoms. 将疾病内化为变形者：了解症状表现中的个体和文化异质性。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000577

Yulia E Chentsova-Dutton,Andrew G Ryder

{"title":"Internalizing disorders as shape-shifters: Understanding individual and cultural heterogeneity in the presentation of symptoms.","authors":"Yulia E Chentsova-Dutton,Andrew G Ryder","doi":"10.1037/rev0000577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000577","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary study of psychopathology is grounded in the assumption that diagnostic categories are characterized by discrete sets of individual symptoms. As such, considerable resources have been invested over the past half-century to identify and refine these sets. There is a countertradition, however, that emphasizes symptom heterogeneity, especially for the internalizing disorders. This heterogeneity is observed over time within individual sufferers, across different sufferers, and across groups of sufferers in different sociocultural contexts. Rather than understanding these types of heterogeneity as a problem in need of a solution, we argue that variability in symptom presentation is a core feature of internalizing distress: These disorders are, in their essence, shape-shifters. We begin with examples of similarities and differences in internalizing distress across cultural-historical contexts. Then, we address the complex nature of symptoms as physiological, psychological, and cultural phenomena that are experienced, interpreted, remembered, and anticipated, highlighting potential mechanisms of heterogeneity at each level of analysis. As heterogeneity is not boundless, we also consider constraints that afford more uniform clinical presentations and stabilize historical changes. The literature on the cultural shaping of psychological functioning is recruited throughout to illustrate the ways to conceptualize and study symptom heterogeneity. Understanding these disorders as shape-shifters has the potential to transform our approach to psychopathology, bringing a rapidly growing literature on individual and cultural variation to the very center of how we conceptualize internalizing distress. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144645991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supplemental Material for Control Adjustment Costs Limit Goal Flexibility: Empirical Evidence and a Computational Account 控制调整成本限制目标灵活性的补充材料：经验证据和计算帐户

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000576.supp

引用次数: 0

Social neuroscience of interracial contact theory. 种族间接触理论的社会神经科学。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000578

Margaret Welte, Grace Handley, Jennifer T. Kubota, Jasmin Cloutier

引用次数: 0

True and false recognition in MINERVA2: Integrating fuzzy-trace theory and computational memory modeling. MINERVA2中的真假识别：集成模糊跟踪理论和计算记忆建模。

IF 5.1 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000541

Minyu Chang, Brendan T Johns, Charles J Brainerd

{"title":"True and false recognition in MINERVA2: Integrating fuzzy-trace theory and computational memory modeling.","authors":"Minyu Chang, Brendan T Johns, Charles J Brainerd","doi":"10.1037/rev0000541","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rev0000541","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research suggests that the MINERVA2 model can capture basic Deese/Roediger/McDermott (DRM) false recognition findings with either randomized representations or distributional semantic representations. In the current article, we extended this line of research by showing that MINERVA2 can accommodate not only basic DRM recognition findings but also the effects of various theory-driven manipulations. Importantly, we incorporated two assumptions of fuzzy-trace theory into MINERVA2: the verbatim-gist distinction and hierarchies of gist. To implement the verbatim-gist distinction, we represented local gist traces with distributional semantic vectors and verbatim traces with holographic word-form vectors. With separate representations incorporated, MINERVA2 successfully simulated a wide range of empirical effects in the DRM illusion, as well as remember/know and source judgments. To incorporate hierarchies of gist into the framework, we added an assumption that an item's storage quality depends on its semantic similarity to the preceding item. This accommodated the effect of global gist beyond that of local gist and solved the problem of storage independence in multitrace models of episodic memory. Our findings provided extensive evidence that MINERVA2 is a viable candidate for scalable modeling of the DRM illusion and strengthened the connection between computational modeling and substantive theories of false memory. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":" ","pages":"857-894"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient visual representations for learning and decision making. 用于学习和决策的高效视觉表征。

IF 5.1 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000498

Tyler Malloy, Chris R Sims

{"title":"Efficient visual representations for learning and decision making.","authors":"Tyler Malloy, Chris R Sims","doi":"10.1037/rev0000498","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rev0000498","url":null,"abstract":"The efficient representation of visual information is essential for learning and decision making due to the complexity and uncertainty of the world, as well as inherent constraints on the capacity of cognitive systems. We hypothesize that biological agents learn to efficiently represent visual information in a manner that balances performance across multiple potentially competing objectives. In this article, we examine two such objectives: storing information in a manner that supports accurate recollection (maximizing veridicality) and in a manner that facilitates utility-based decision making (maximizing behavioral utility). That these two objectives may be in conflict is not immediately obvious. Our hypothesis suggests that neither behavior nor representation formation can be fully understood by studying either in isolation, with information processing constraints exerting an overarching influence. Alongside this hypothesis we develop a computational model of representation formation and behavior motivated by recent methods in machine learning and neuroscience. The resulting model explains both the beneficial aspects of human visual learning, such as fast acquisition and high generalization, as well as the biases that result from information constraints. To test this model, we developed two experimental paradigms, in decision making and learning, to evaluate how well the model's predictions match human behavior. A key feature of the proposed model is that it predicts the occurrence of commonly found biases in human decision making, resulting from the desire to form efficient representations of visual information that are useful for behavioral goals in learning and decision making and optimized under an information processing constraint. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":" ","pages":"759-780"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Grounding computational cognitive models. 基础计算认知模型。

IF 5.1 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000533

Casimir J H Ludwig, Erik Stuchlý, Gaurav Malhotra

{"title":"Grounding computational cognitive models.","authors":"Casimir J H Ludwig, Erik Stuchlý, Gaurav Malhotra","doi":"10.1037/rev0000533","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rev0000533","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive scientists and neuroscientists are increasingly deploying computational models to develop testable theories of psychological functions and make quantitative predictions about cognition, brain activity, and behavior. Computational models are used to explain target phenomena such as experimental effects, individual, and/or population differences. They do so by relating these phenomena to the underlying components of the model that map onto distinct cognitive mechanisms. These components make up a \"cognitive state space,\" where different positions correspond to different cognitive states that produce variation in behavior. We examine the rationale and practice of such model-based inferences and argue that model-based explanations typically miss a key ingredient: They fail to explain why and how agents occupy specific positions in this space. A critical insight is that the agent's position in the state space is not fixed, but that the behavior they produce is the result of a trajectory. Therefore, we discuss (a) the constraints that limit movement in the state space; (b) the reasons for moving around at all (i.e., agents' objectives); and (c) the information and cognitive mechanisms that guide these movements. We review existing research practices, from experimental design to the model-based analysis of data, and through simulations we demonstrate some of the inferential pitfalls that arise when we ignore these dynamics. By bringing the agent's perspective into sharp focus, we stand to gain better and more complete explanations of the variation in cognition and behavior over time, between different environmental conditions, and between different populations or individuals. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":" ","pages":"973-1001"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The disencapsulated mind: A premotor theory of human imagination. 被拆解的心灵：人类想象力的前运动理论。

IF 5.1 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000535

Peter Ulric Tse

{"title":"The disencapsulated mind: A premotor theory of human imagination.","authors":"Peter Ulric Tse","doi":"10.1037/rev0000535","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rev0000535","url":null,"abstract":"Our premodern ancestors had perceptual, motoric, and cognitive functional domains that were modularly encapsulated. Some of these came to interact through a new type of cross-modular binding in our species. This allowed previously domain-dedicated, encapsulated motoric and sensory operators to operate on operands for which they had not evolved. Such operators could at times operate nonvolitionally, while at other times they could be governed volitionally. In particular, motoric operations that derive from the same circuits that compute hand motions for object manipulation could now be retooled for virtual manipulation in a mental workspace in the absence of any physical hand or other effector movements. I hypothesize that the creativity of human imagination and mental models is rooted in premotor simulation of sequential manipulations of objects and symbols in the mental workspace, in analogy with the premotor theory of attention, which argues that attention evolved from \"internalized\" eye movement circuitry. Overall, operator \"disencapsulation\" led to a bifurcation of consciousness in humans: a concrete form centered on perception of the body in the physical world and an abstract form focused on explanatory mental models. One of the consequences of these new abilities was the advent of psychotic disorders that do not exist in species possessed solely of the concrete type of consciousness. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":" ","pages":"895-915"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bridging the gap between subjective probability and probability judgments: The quantum sequential sampler. 缩小主观概率与概率判断之间的差距：量子顺序采样器

IF 5.1 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000489

Jiaqi Huang, Jerome R Busemeyer, Zo Ebelt, Emmanuel M Pothos

{"title":"Bridging the gap between subjective probability and probability judgments: The quantum sequential sampler.","authors":"Jiaqi Huang, Jerome R Busemeyer, Zo Ebelt, Emmanuel M Pothos","doi":"10.1037/rev0000489","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rev0000489","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important challenges in decision theory has been how to reconcile the normative expectations from Bayesian theory with the apparent fallacies that are common in probabilistic reasoning. Recently, Bayesian models have been driven by the insight that apparent fallacies are due to sampling errors or biases in estimating (Bayesian) probabilities. An alternative way to explain apparent fallacies is by invoking different probability rules, specifically the probability rules from quantum theory. Arguably, quantum cognitive models offer a more unified explanation for a large body of findings, problematic from a baseline classical perspective. This work addresses two major corresponding theoretical challenges: first, a framework is needed which incorporates both Bayesian and quantum influences, recognizing the fact that there is evidence for both in human behavior. Second, there is empirical evidence which goes beyond any current Bayesian and quantum model. We develop a model for probabilistic reasoning, seamlessly integrating both Bayesian and quantum models of reasoning and augmented by a sequential sampling process, which maps subjective probabilistic estimates to observable responses. Our model, called the Quantum Sequential Sampler, is compared to the currently leading Bayesian model, the Bayesian Sampler (J. Zhu et al., 2020) using a new experiment, producing one of the largest data sets in probabilistic reasoning to this day. The Quantum Sequential Sampler embodies several new components, which we argue offer a more theoretically accurate approach to probabilistic reasoning. Moreover, our empirical tests revealed a new, surprising systematic overestimation of probabilities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":" ","pages":"916-955"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A unified neurocomputational model of prospective and retrospective timing. 一个统一的神经计算模型的前瞻性和回顾性的时间。

IF 5.1 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000519

Joost de Jong, Aaron R Voelker, Terrence C Stewart, Elkan G Akyürek, Chris Eliasmith, Hedderik van Rijn

{"title":"A unified neurocomputational model of prospective and retrospective timing.","authors":"Joost de Jong, Aaron R Voelker, Terrence C Stewart, Elkan G Akyürek, Chris Eliasmith, Hedderik van Rijn","doi":"10.1037/rev0000519","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rev0000519","url":null,"abstract":"Time is a central dimension against which perception, action, and cognition play out. From anticipating when future events will happen to recalling how long ago previous events occurred, humans and animals are exquisitely sensitive to temporal structure. Empirical evidence seems to suggest that estimating time prospectively (i.e., in passing) is qualitatively different from estimating time in retrospect (i.e., after the event is over). Indeed, computational models that attempt to explain both prospective and retrospective timing assume a fundamental separation of their underlying processes. We, in contrast, propose a new neurocomputational model of timing, the unified temporal coding (UTC) model that unifies prospective and retrospective timing through common principles. The UTC model assumes that both stimulus and timing information are represented inside the same rolling window of input history. As a consequence, the UTC model explains a wide range of phenomena typically covered by specialized models, such as conformity to and violations of the scalar property, one-shot learning of intervals, neural responses underlying timing, timing behavior under normal and distracting conditions, common capacity limits in timing and working memory, and how timing depends on attention. Strikingly, by assuming that prospective and retrospective timing rely on the same principles and are implemented in the same neural network, a simple attentional gain mechanism can resolve the apparently paradoxical effect of cognitive load on prospective and retrospective timing. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":" ","pages":"781-827"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0