Psychological review最新文献_第2页

A theory of multiattribute search and choice. 多属性搜索与选择理论。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-03-19 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000614

Sebastian Gluth,Jordan Deakin,Jörg Rieskamp

{"title":"A theory of multiattribute search and choice.","authors":"Sebastian Gluth,Jordan Deakin,Jörg Rieskamp","doi":"10.1037/rev0000614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000614","url":null,"abstract":"Decision problems are often characterized by the presence of many choice options described by several attributes, and people need to limit how much information they search for. We propose that humans search and thereby devote attention to relevant information in an efficient and goal-directed, but not necessarily optimal, manner. Thereto, a novel hierarchical Bayesian cognitive model of information search in multiattribute and multialternative decisions is presented and tested. In the model, the search process is governed by the desire to quickly identify the option that meets the choice goal best, which in turn depends on the importance and uncertainty of information and on the accumulated evidence. The theory accounts for many established empirical findings on the interplay of attention and decision making, including the positive correlation of gaze time and choice probability as well as the preference for sampling promising choice candidates. To rigorously test a series of top-down effects of attention, we present results of a new and preregistered eye-tracking experiment on multiattribute decisions, in which the influence of bottom-up attention on visual search is minimized. Our theory accounts for various interactions of attention and choice in this experiment, while variants of it and another extant theory, which assume different search rules, fail to capture these effects. Furthermore, the theory predicts additional choice dynamics such as the dependency of decision speed on the number and overall value of options. The proposed framework provides a general approach to understanding the intricate dynamics of search and valuation mechanisms in multiattribute decisions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cognitive constraints and reward environments jointly shape memory formation. 认知约束和奖励环境共同塑造记忆的形成。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-03-19 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000612

Si Ma,Vencislav Popov,Qiong Zhang

{"title":"Cognitive constraints and reward environments jointly shape memory formation.","authors":"Si Ma,Vencislav Popov,Qiong Zhang","doi":"10.1037/rev0000612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000612","url":null,"abstract":"A key adaptive feature of human episodic memory is its ability to selectively encode important information. While extensive empirical evidence supports that reward enhances memory, this monotonic relationship does not always hold, and the influence of reward on memory formation can exhibit complex patterns. To reconcile these findings, we present a computational model that considers not only how people maximize their rewards but also the cognitive constraints underlying this adaptation. Unlike previous theoretical accounts that assume a direct link between reward value and memory encoding strength, our model adaptively decides how strongly to encode each item based on the overall reward environment and its interaction with limited cognitive resources at encoding. We validated the model's predictions across three experiments, successfully explaining why high-reward items do not always have a memory advantage, how reward context influences memory, and the role of reward anticipation. Importantly, the model predictions are parameter-free. They are derived solely from optimal adaptation to a given reward environment, under cognitive constraints independently characterized by previous studies, rather than being fit to the empirical data that the model seeks to explain. These findings support that memory encoding is an active process involving metacognitive control, where limited cognitive resources are strategically allocated to maximize overall cumulative rewards, rather than a passive response to the salience of individual items. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do congruency effects in Navon's and Stroop's paradigms reflect the same (control) mechanisms? A conceptual analysis and an empirical test. Navon范式和Stroop范式中的一致性效应是否反映了相同的（控制）机制？概念分析和实证检验。

IF 5.8 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000617

Christian Gerlach, Nicolas Poirel

{"title":"Do congruency effects in Navon's and Stroop's paradigms reflect the same (control) mechanisms? A conceptual analysis and an empirical test.","authors":"Christian Gerlach, Nicolas Poirel","doi":"10.1037/rev0000617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000617","url":null,"abstract":"Many paradigms in cognitive psychology have been designed to induce conflicts that must be resolved prior to response, and many of these paradigms have therefore also been used to examine cognitive control. It is still a matter of debate, however, whether the conflicts induced by different paradigms reflect the same cognitive (control) processes. In the present study, we first present a conceptual analysis of similarities and differences between two classic and widely used paradigms that induce conflicts: the Navon and Stroop paradigms. Based on this analysis, we predicted a small positive correlation to exist between the paradigms in congruency effects (the difference between trials with conflicting and congruent information). We tested this hypothesis using an individual differences approach. Contrary to expectation, the data obtained were much more likely under the null hypothesis. Given that the result was obtained in a large sample (N = 615), with reliable measures (>.7), across differently derived indexes of congruency (standardized effect sizes, plain difference scores, residuals from regression, and balanced integration scores), and with paradigms that gave rise to the expected congruency effects-which also varied considerably across individuals-this suggests that the congruency effects induced by the two paradigms reflect unrelated processes. Based on this, we argue that the congruency effects in Navon's and Stroop's paradigms can originate at different levels of processing. In particular, congruency effects in Navon's paradigm may arise at a perceptual level, and conflict at this level can apparently also be resolved in a modality-specific manner. This demonstrates that there is a limit on the degree of domain generality in cognitive control. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147326796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The enchronic envelope. 延长的信封。

IF 5.8 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000553

N J Enfield

{"title":"The enchronic envelope.","authors":"N J Enfield","doi":"10.1037/rev0000553","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rev0000553","url":null,"abstract":"This article argues that the diverse causal domains underpinning human language converge and interface at a single privileged locus, a ∼2½-s opportunity for action, called the enchronic envelope. Evidence is given for the existence and nature of the envelope as a universally primary frame for the selection, deployment, and evolution of linguistic structure. The first key argument is that language is a form of action and will therefore be structured similarly to physical actions. The second is that because linguistic actions exploit principles of communication, they are subject to a legibility constraint, which requires speaker-recipient calibration, thus importing strong constraints on the design of linguistic structures from the interpersonal alignment of the dyad in the enchronic time frame of social interaction. The case is made that this envelope is the site at which processes at diverse timescales must be realized. We examine how this applies to individual-level language learning. The account has implications for our developing understanding of languages as complex adaptive systems. It seeks to advance the complex-systems idea for language by showing that highly diverse linguistic networks and processes are moored to a single, central interface, where language is processed, learned, transmitted, and conventionalized. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":" ","pages":"296-314"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beliefs about perception shape perceptual inference: An ideal observer model of detection. 知觉信念塑造知觉推断：一个理想的知觉观察者模型。

IF 5.8 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000552

Matan Mazor, Rani Moran, Clare Press

{"title":"Beliefs about perception shape perceptual inference: An ideal observer model of detection.","authors":"Matan Mazor, Rani Moran, Clare Press","doi":"10.1037/rev0000552","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rev0000552","url":null,"abstract":"According to Bayesian, \"inverse optics\" accounts of vision, perceiving is inferring the most likely state of the world given noisy sensory data. This inference depends not only on prior beliefs about the world but also on an internal model specifying how world states translate to visual sensations. Alternative accounts explain perceptual decisions as a rule-based process, with no role for such beliefs about perception. Here, we contrast the two alternatives, focusing on decisions about perceptual absence as a critical test case. We present data from three preregistered experiments where participants performed a near-threshold detection task under different levels of partial stimulus occlusion, thereby visibly manipulating the measurement function going from external world states to internal perceptual states. We find that decisions about presence and absence are differentially sensitive to sensory evidence and occlusion. Furthermore, we observe reliably opposite individual-level effects of occlusion on decisions about absence. Our model accounts for these findings by postulating robust individual differences in the incorporation of beliefs about visibility into perceptual inferences, independent of population variability in visibility itself. We discuss implications for the varied and inferential nature of visual perception more broadly. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":" ","pages":"271-295"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do bilingual advantages in domain-general executive functioning occur in everyday life and/or when performance-based measures have excellent psychometric properties? 在日常生活和/或当基于表现的测量具有出色的心理测量特性时，在领域-一般执行功能方面的双语优势是否出现？

IF 5.8 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000537

Kenneth R Paap, John Majoubi, Regina T Anders-Jefferson, Rin Iosilevsky, Charlotte Ursula Tate

{"title":"Do bilingual advantages in domain-general executive functioning occur in everyday life and/or when performance-based measures have excellent psychometric properties?","authors":"Kenneth R Paap, John Majoubi, Regina T Anders-Jefferson, Rin Iosilevsky, Charlotte Ursula Tate","doi":"10.1037/rev0000537","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rev0000537","url":null,"abstract":"Psychologists have sought to understand individual differences in the ability to control thoughts, emotions, and actions during goal-directed behavior. Issues include whether the ability is unitary or componential and whether it is domain-general or task-specific. If domain-general, is it highly heritable with scant room for environmental influence or can it be enhanced by the right type of life experience or formal training? These questions have triggered one of the most heated debates in cognitive science, viz., is there a bilingual advantage in executive functioning (EF)? The empirical part of this study reports a substantially improved test of the bilingual advantage hypothesis in three respects. First, it tests for relationships between bilingualism and EF at the latent-variable level. Second, it extracts a latent-variable for performance-based measures of EF that are psychometrically strong. Third, it also includes a latent-variable based on self-rating scales of self-control/impulsivity that have enjoyed considerable success in predicting real-world outcomes. The results provide no evidence for a bilingual advantage on EF performance and a small, but significant, relationship to self-ratings. However, the relationship to self-ratings is no longer significant, when social desirability is taken into account. The correlation between the latent variables for performance-based and self-ratings was near 0, suggesting that they are separate constructs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":" ","pages":"394-410"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Causation, meaning, and communication. 因果关系，意义和交流。

IF 5.8 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000548

Ari Beller, Tobias Gerstenberg

{"title":"Causation, meaning, and communication.","authors":"Ari Beller, Tobias Gerstenberg","doi":"10.1037/rev0000548","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rev0000548","url":null,"abstract":"The words we use to describe what happened shape what comes to a listener's mind. How do speakers choose what causal expressions to use? How does that choice impact what listeners imagine? In this article, we develop a computational model of how people use the causal expressions \"caused,\" \"enabled,\" \"affected,\" and \"made no difference.\" The model first builds a causal representation of what happened. By running counterfactual simulations, the model computes several causal aspects that capture the different ways in which a candidate cause made a difference to the outcome. Logical combinations of these aspects define a semantics for the causal expressions. The model then uses pragmatic inference to decide what word to use in context. We test our model in a series of experiments and compare it to prior psychological accounts. In a set of psycholinguistic studies, we verify the model's semantics and pragmatics. We show that the causal expressions exist on a hierarchy of specificity, and that participants draw informative pragmatic inferences in line with this scale. In the next two studies, we demonstrate that our model quantitatively fits participant behavior in a speaker task and a listener task involving dynamic physical scenarios. We compare our model to two lesioned alternatives, one which removes pragmatic inference, and another which removes semantics and pragmatics. Our full model better accounts for participants' behavior than both alternatives. Taken together, these results suggest a new way forward for modeling the relationship between language and thought in the study of causality. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":" ","pages":"339-381"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rethinking memory impairments: Retrieval failure. 重新思考记忆障碍：检索失败。

IF 5.8 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000538

Joaquín M Alfei, Ralph R Miller, Tomás J Ryan, Gonzalo P Urcelay

引用次数: 0

A cascading effects model of early sensory development in autism. 自闭症早期感觉发育的级联效应模型。

IF 5.8 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000558

Natalie Russo, Carissa J Cascio, Grace T Baranek, Tiffany G Woynaroski, Zachary J Williams, Shulamite A Green, Roseann Schaaf

{"title":"A cascading effects model of early sensory development in autism.","authors":"Natalie Russo, Carissa J Cascio, Grace T Baranek, Tiffany G Woynaroski, Zachary J Williams, Shulamite A Green, Roseann Schaaf","doi":"10.1037/rev0000558","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rev0000558","url":null,"abstract":"Autism has historically been defined by the presence of differences in social communication and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities (RRBs). Since 2013 when the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders was published, sensory features were added as one of the polythetic restricted and repetitive behavior diagnostic criteria of autism, though it has remained understudied. Here, we summarize theory and research to provide support for the perspective that early sensory functions and experiences play a primary role in autism and have downstream effects on social communication and repetitive behavioral features of autism. The goals of this article are to provide an understanding of the current sensory research landscape over the early developmental period; to contextualize our knowledge autism within a developmental framework; to delineate a cascading developmental model that provides testable hypotheses; and to identify current gaps in research that would allow us to further our understanding of the role, and primacy of sensory differences in the development of the autistic phenotype. We close by offering a set of recommendations for the field. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":" ","pages":"450-487"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discourse referents in infancy. 话语指涉婴儿期。

IF 5.8 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000545

Gabor Brody, Gergely Csibra

{"title":"Discourse referents in infancy.","authors":"Gabor Brody, Gergely Csibra","doi":"10.1037/rev0000545","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rev0000545","url":null,"abstract":"Human infants connect conceptual descriptions to objects in the first year of their life. Here, we explore the cognitive architecture that supports this capacity. We propose that early in development, the connection from descriptions to objects is mediated by a representational format proprietary to human communication: discourse referents. Discourse referents, just like other object representations, represent entities, but instead of being maintained based on spatiotemporal characteristics, they are created and maintained in relation to communicative contexts. After establishing criteria for what it would mean for preverbal infants to entertain such discourse referents, we review the evidence from developmental psychology. We find support for the idea that, in communicative episodes, infants create representations of entities that are encoded from a shared discourse perspective and which can be displaced or entirely perceptually unavailable. We conclude that infants cannot only represent \"entities at locations\" but also \"entities under discussion\" and that conceptual descriptions early in development are primarily elicited by and applied to this latter format. In this framework, successful referential communication about perceptually available objects can be understood as involving correspondences between perceptually created object representations and discourse referents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":" ","pages":"382-393"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0