Psychological review最新文献_第3页

Internalized racism as a self-regulatory system: The internalized racism process model. 作为自我调节系统的内化种族主义：内化种族主义过程模型。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-07-09 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000640

Drexler James

{"title":"Internalized racism as a self-regulatory system: The internalized racism process model.","authors":"Drexler James","doi":"10.1037/rev0000640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000640","url":null,"abstract":"Internalized racism, although widely studied, remains conceptually fragmented and theoretically underdeveloped. I advance the internalized racism process model (IRPM), a process framework that conceptualizes internalized racism as a recursive, motive-driven system of self-regulation through which structurally organized ethnoracial hierarchy becomes embedded in psychological functioning. The IRPM specifies how structural conditions, sociocultural socialization, and identity processes converge to organize internalized racism. The model identifies a functional-motivational architecture in which needs for self-integrity and belonging give rise to three regulatory functions-threat minimization, ideological acceptance, and identity translation-that structure diverse forms of internalized racism and their behavioral enactments. Through recursive feedback loops, these processes stabilize into enduring patterns of self-regulation. The IRPM integrates previously fragmented literatures by distinguishing forms from manifestations, linking motives to regulatory functions, and specifying cross-level dynamics between structural contexts and individual regulation. It explains variability in who internalizes (via vulnerability and resistance resources), when internalization is likely (under conditions of threat and belonging pressure), and why consequences differ (as a function of form and configuration). Finally, the model specifies how strategies that provide short-term regulatory relief can consolidate into entrenched patterns that undermine psychological functioning. Although designed to generalize across hierarchically organized systems, the IRPM centers on internalized racism among subordinated groups, where empirical foundations are most developed, while also providing a framework for examining internalized racial dominance among advantaged groups. The IRPM offers a unifying account that advances explanation, generates testable predictions, and establishes an agenda for future research on the psychological organization of inequality. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148408588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supplemental Material for Internalized Racism as a Self-Regulatory System: The Internalized Racism Process Model 作为自我调节系统的内化种族主义：内化种族主义过程模型

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-07-06 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000640.supp

引用次数: 0

Why the Big Five personality traits are composites, not common causes: Implications for measurement, prediction, and causal inference. 为什么五大人格特征是复合的，而不是共同的原因：对测量、预测和因果推理的影响。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-07-06 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000637

Michael P Grosz

{"title":"Why the Big Five personality traits are composites, not common causes: Implications for measurement, prediction, and causal inference.","authors":"Michael P Grosz","doi":"10.1037/rev0000637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000637","url":null,"abstract":"The Big Five personality traits are often treated as common causes of the Big Five items in reflective measurement models such as factor analysis models and item response theory models. For example, extraversion items are modeled as reflective indicators influenced by the latent variable extraversion (i.e., the common cause). However, the Big Five do not correspond to five biological, environmental, or mental entities that could serve as common causes. The notion that the Big Five are common causes is furthermore challenged by direct causal effects, semantic overlap, and logical connections among the Big Five items. Despite these concerns, researchers continue to use methods and theories that implicitly or explicitly assume that the Big Five are common causes. I argue for three shifts: (a) Ontological shift: The Big Five are best understood as composites of personality items-not as real entities that cause item responses. (b) Methodological shift: For descriptive and predictive research, the composite-formative measurement model offers a more appropriate modeling approach than the reflective measurement model, with item retest reliabilities replacing Cronbach's α or McDonald's ω for reliability estimation. (c) Conceptual shift: For researchers interested in causal inference-which is essential for building theories and designing interventions-I recommend moving beyond the Big Five toward narrower personality traits grounded in clear theoretical conceptualizations and assessed multimodally (e.g., self-reported talkativeness, other-reported talkativeness, audio recordings). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148388787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reverse engineering the centered self. 逆向工程中心自我。

IF 5.7 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000623

L A Paul, Tracey Mills, Tomer D Ullman, Julian De Freitas, Cédric Colas, Joshua B Tenenbaum

{"title":"Reverse engineering the centered self.","authors":"L A Paul, Tracey Mills, Tomer D Ullman, Julian De Freitas, Cédric Colas, Joshua B Tenenbaum","doi":"10.1037/rev0000623","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rev0000623","url":null,"abstract":"In certain problem-solving contexts, people organize their domain through treating themselves as the perceptual and cognitive center of their world. They identify and solve a particular problem from their perspective as a particular agent, with a particular location, at a particular time, in a particular environment. When they do this, they engage in a distinctive kind of agent-centered problem-solving. For many contexts involving intelligent agents, partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs), a framework for modeling decision-making in uncertain environments unfolding over time, have effectively become a \"standard model.\" Yet, as these models are ordinarily interpreted, they do not explicitly represent agent-centered problem-solving. Accordingly, to model this type of problem-solving, we begin by extending the standard POMDP framework to define \"ePOMDPs.\" This formalism models how an agent, once it centers itself on a particular self-and-world representation, plans and acts rationally from its own perspective. To capture the way that such agents choose which problem to solve, we build on our ePOMDPs to develop a \"meta-ePOMDP\" agent within a hierarchical Bayesian framework. We implement meta-ePOMDP agents for two different suites of \"centering game\" tasks that highlight different aspects of our theory. We find that our models explain signatures of agent-centered problem-solving not captured by alternative models, in particular, the difficulty of navigating spaces of possible problem representations. We close by suggesting that our model could provide the beginnings of a computational framework for how a person could have a self. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":"133 4","pages":"919-956"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147869505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The theory of mind hypothesis of autism: A critical evaluation of the status quo. 自闭症心理理论假说：对现状的批判性评价。

IF 5.8 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000532

Emily L Long, Caroline Catmur, Geoffrey Bird

引用次数: 0

Perception and action as one: Re-integrating research on human action through event files. 知觉与行动合一：透过事件档案重新整合人类行动的研究。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-06-25 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000634

Christian Frings,Christian Beste

引用次数: 0

A reciprocal model of practice and skill: Navigating between dropout and expertise. 实践和技能的互惠模式：在辍学和专业知识之间导航。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-06-22 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000627

Pritam Laskar,Raoul P P P Grasman,Maartje E J Raijmakers,Ale Jan Homburg,Brenda R J Jansen,Han L J van der Maas

{"title":"A reciprocal model of practice and skill: Navigating between dropout and expertise.","authors":"Pritam Laskar,Raoul P P P Grasman,Maartje E J Raijmakers,Ale Jan Homburg,Brenda R J Jansen,Han L J van der Maas","doi":"10.1037/rev0000627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000627","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the reciprocal relationship between practice and skill, or learning success, is essential for designing effective interventions to prevent dropout. Classical learning curves model the effect of practice on skill in the case of enforced learning, where dropout is not an option. However, in many learning contexts, such as learning a new hobby or taking an online course, learners can, and often do, drop out. Previous research in educational psychology has suggested a reciprocal relationship between motivation and practice, on the one hand, and achievement and skill, on the other. We provide a formal model of this relationship by integrating classical models of learning and forgetting into a model of the practice-success cycle. We show that in this reciprocal-practice-skill model of learning, long-term learning outcomes are particularly sensitive to the shape of the learning curve-the risk of dropping out is much higher, when the learning curves are sigmoid than when they are concave. Through bifurcation analysis of a simplified formulation of the model, we demonstrate how modifying the minimum practice rate and success sensitivity can mitigate attrition in cases where learning curves are sigmoid. In addition, we explore mechanisms to change the shape of the learning curve to minimize dropout. We also present extensions that incorporate spacing effects and temporal discounting to describe learning dynamics in more realistic contexts. Finally, we outline the empirical support for the model's key assumptions and predictions and illustrate its use with two data sets. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148298881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associative learning explains "intuitive statistics" in animals. 联想学习解释了动物的“直觉统计”。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-06-22 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000626

Stefano Ghirlanda,Janelle Mendoza

引用次数: 0

The relative psychometric function: A general analysis framework for relating psychological processes. 相对心理测量函数：有关心理过程的一般分析框架。

IF 5.7 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-06-15 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000625

Brian Maniscalco, Olenka Graham Castaneda, Brian Odegaard, Jorge Morales, Sivananda Rajananda, Rachel N Denison, Megan A K Peters

{"title":"The relative psychometric function: A general analysis framework for relating psychological processes.","authors":"Brian Maniscalco, Olenka Graham Castaneda, Brian Odegaard, Jorge Morales, Sivananda Rajananda, Rachel N Denison, Megan A K Peters","doi":"10.1037/rev0000625","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rev0000625","url":null,"abstract":"Psychophysics seeks to quantitatively characterize relationships between objective properties of the world and subjective properties of perception. However, traditional approaches fall short of identifying quantitative relationships among psychological processes. This latter goal is particularly important when certain processes may depend on each other, such as for subjective experience and task performance: Typically, better performance is accompanied by stronger subjective experiences of clarity, vividness, or confidence. But is the relationship between performance and subjective experience fixed, or can it vary, for example, by task or attentional demands? Such questions are key for better understanding psychological processes in general and subjective experience in particular. Here, we develop and showcase a new psychophysical method designed to answer such questions: relative psychometric function (RPF) analysis, which characterizes the nonlinear psychometric relationships between psychological processes and how these relationships change under different circumstances (e.g., experimental manipulations). We demonstrate the advantages of RPF analysis using a data set in which human subjects discriminated random dot kinematograms which varied in motion coherence and overall dot density (dots per visual degree) and rated confidence. RPF analysis revealed systematic changes in the relationship between performance and two subjective measures (confidence and metacognitive sensitivity) due to dot density and task design choices. These empirical results showcase how RPF analysis may reveal changes in quantitative relationships between any two psychological measures in future studies: performance, vividness, clarity, reaction time, confidence, and more. To enable the scientific community to use RPF analysis on their data, we also present our open-source RPF toolbox. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":21016,"journal":{"name":"Psychological review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A taxonomy of discriminatory behavior. 歧视行为的分类学。

IF 5.7 1区心理学

Psychological review Pub Date : 2026-06-08 DOI: 10.1037/rev0000636

Eric Hehman, Rebecca Neel, Lora E Park, N Keita Christophe

引用次数: 0