Nature Human Behaviour最新文献

{"title":"Combating China’s retraction crisis","authors":"Shaoxiong Brian Xu, Guangwei Hu","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02099-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02099-w","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of China as a global leader in scientific output is being overshadowed by a growing crisis of confidence in its research integrity. In addition to existing efforts, we propose five actionable initiatives to bolster the fight against China’s retraction crisis.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First farmers of Central Europe do not show family-related inequality","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02044-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02044-x","url":null,"abstract":"Extensive genetic and anthropological evidence shows that the first farmers of Central Europe were genetically diverse, and their societies were probably not stratified.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare use in 12–18-year-old adolescents vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 versus unvaccinated in a national register-based Danish cohort","authors":"Selina Kikkenborg Berg, Helle Wallach-Kildemoes, Line Ryberg Rasmussen, Ulrikka Nygaard, Nina Marie Birk, Henning Bundgaard, Annette Kjær Ersbøll, Lau Caspar Thygesen, Susanne Dam Nielsen, Anne Vinggaard Christensen","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02097-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02097-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Healthcare use among adolescents after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is unknown. In a real-life register-based cohort study (trial NCT04786353), healthcare use was compared among Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccinated and unvaccinated 12–18-year-olds. First-dose-vaccinated (between 1 May and 30 September 2021) adolescents were sex and age matched 1:1 with unvaccinated adolescents. Outcomes were visits to emergency rooms, hospitalization, and visits to general practitioners and specialist practitioners. The prior event rate ratio (PERR) was applied. The study finds that boys had fewer visits to general practitioners (PERR 0.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.89–0.99) after the first vaccine. Up to 56 days after the second dose, vaccinated boys had lower rates of visits to specialist practitioners (0.88, 95% CI 0.79–0.99); after 57–182 days, vaccinated girls and boys had higher rates of visits to emergency rooms (1.22, 95% CI 1.08–1.39; 1.17, 95% CI 1.07–1.31) and to general practitioners (1.17, 95% CI 1.12–1.21; 1.17, 95% CI 1.13–1.22). Furthermore, vaccinated boys had higher rates of visits to specialist practitioners (1.23, 95% CI 1.08–1.39). Estimates were close to one and do not indicate that BNT162b2 leads to a practically meaningful increase in healthcare use among vaccinated adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trust in scientists and their role in society across 68 countries","authors":"Viktoria Cologna, Niels G. Mede, Sebastian Berger, John Besley, Cameron Brick, Marina Joubert, Edward W. Maibach, Sabina Mihelj, Naomi Oreskes, Mike S. Schäfer, Sander van der Linden, Nor Izzatina Abdul Aziz, Suleiman Abdulsalam, Nurulaini Abu Shamsi, Balazs Aczel, Indro Adinugroho, Eleonora Alabrese, Alaa Aldoh, Mark Alfano, Innocent Mbulli Ali, Mohammed Alsobay, Marlene Altenmüller, R. Michael Alvarez, Richard Amoako, Tabitha Amollo, Patrick Ansah, Denisa Apriliawati, Flavio Azevedo, Ani Bajrami, Ronita Bardhan, Keagile Bati, Eri Bertsou, Cornelia Betsch, Apurav Yash Bhatiya, Rahul Bhui, Olga Białobrzeska, Michał Bilewicz, Ayoub Bouguettaya, Katherine Breeden, Amélie Bret, Ondrej Buchel, Pablo Cabrera-Álvarez, Federica Cagnoli, André Calero Valdez, Timothy Callaghan, Rizza Kaye Cases, Sami Çoksan, Gabriela Czarnek, Steven De Peuter, Ramit Debnath, Sylvain Delouvée, Lucia Di Stefano, Celia Díaz-Catalán, Kimberly C. Doell, Simone Dohle, Karen M. Douglas, Charlotte Dries, Dmitrii Dubrov, Małgorzata Dzimińska, Ullrich K. H. Ecker, Christian T. Elbaek, Mahmoud Elsherif, Benjamin Enke, Tom W. Etienne, Matthew Facciani, Antoinette Fage-Butler, Md. Zaki Faisal, Xiaoli Fan, Christina Farhart, Christoph Feldhaus, Marinus Ferreira, Stefan Feuerriegel, Helen Fischer, Jana Freundt, Malte Friese, Simon Fuglsang, Albina Gallyamova, Patricia Garrido-Vásquez, Mauricio E. Garrido Vásquez, Winfred Gatua, Oliver Genschow, Omid Ghasemi, Theofilos Gkinopoulos, Jamie L. Gloor, Ellen Goddard, Mario Gollwitzer, Claudia González-Brambila, Hazel Gordon, Dmitry Grigoryev, Gina M. Grimshaw, Lars Guenther, Håvard Haarstad, Dana Harari, Lelia N. Hawkins, Przemysław Hensel, Alma Cristal Hernández-Mondragón, Atar Herziger, Guanxiong Huang, Markus Huff, Mairéad Hurley, Nygmet Ibadildin, Maho Ishibashi, Mohammad Tarikul Islam, Younes Jeddi, Tao Jin, Charlotte A. Jones, Sebastian Jungkunz, Dominika Jurgiel, Zhangir Kabdulkair, Jo-Ju Kao, Sarah Kavassalis, John R. Kerr, Mariana Kitsa, Tereza Klabíková Rábová, Olivier Klein, Hoyoun Koh, Aki Koivula, Lilian Kojan, Elizaveta Komyaginskaya, Laura König, Lina Koppel, Kochav Koren Nobre Cavalcante, Alexandra Kosachenko, John Kotcher, Laura S. Kranz, Pradeep Krishnan, Silje Kristiansen, André Krouwel, Toon Kuppens, Eleni A. Kyza, Claus Lamm, Anthony Lantian, Aleksandra Lazić, Oscar Lecuona, Jean-Baptiste Légal, Zoe Leviston, Neil Levy, Amanda M. Lindkvist, Grégoire Lits, Andreas Löschel, Alberto López Ortega, Carlos Lopez-Villavicencio, Nigel Mantou Lou, Chloe H. Lucas, Kristin Lunz-Trujillo, Mathew D. Marques, Sabrina J. Mayer, Ryan McKay, Hugo Mercier, Julia Metag, Taciano L. Milfont, Joanne M. Miller, Panagiotis Mitkidis, Fredy Monge-Rodríguez, Matt Motta, Iryna Mudra, Zarja Muršič, Jennifer Namutebi, Eryn J. Newman, Jonas P. Nitschke, Ntui-Njock Vincent Ntui, Daniel Nwogwugwu, Thomas Ostermann, Tobias Otterbring, Jaime Palmer-Hague, Myrto Pantazi, Philip Pärnamets, Paolo Parra Saiani, Mariola Paruzel-Czachura, Michal Parzuchowski, Yuri G. Pavlov, Adam R. Pearson, Myron A. Penner, Charlotte R. Pennington, Katerina Petkanopoulou, Marija B. Petrović, Jan Pfänder, Dinara Pisareva, Adam Ploszaj, Karolína Poliaková, Ekaterina Pronizius, Katarzyna Pypno-Blajda, Diwa Malaya A. Quiñones, Pekka Räsänen, Adrian Rauchfleisch, Felix G. Rebitschek, Cintia Refojo Seronero, Gabriel Rêgo, James P. Reynolds, Joseph Roche, Simone Rödder, Jan Philipp Röer, Robert M. Ross, Isabelle Ruin, Osvaldo Santos, Ricardo R. Santos, Philipp Schmid, Stefan Schulreich, Bermond Scoggins, Amena Sharaf, Justin Sheria Nfundiko, Emily Shuckburgh, Johan Six, Nevin Solak, Leonhard Späth, Bram Spruyt, Olivier Standaert, Samantha K. Stanley, Gert Storms, Noel Strahm, Stylianos Syropoulos, Barnabas Szaszi, Ewa Szumowska, Mikihito Tanaka, Claudia Teran-Escobar, Boryana Todorova, Abdoul Kafid Toko, Renata Tokrri, Daniel Toribio-Florez, Manos Tsakiris, Michael Tyrala, Özden Melis Uluğ, Ijeoma Chinwe Uzoma, Jochem van Noord, Christiana Varda, Steven Verheyen, Iris Vilares, Madalina Vlasceanu, Andreas von Bubnoff, Iain Walker, Izabela Warwas, Marcel Weber, Tim Weninger, Mareike Westfal, Florian Wintterlin, Adrian Dominik Wojcik, Ziqian Xia, Jinliang Xie, Ewa Zegler-Poleska, Amber Zenklusen, Rolf A. Zwaan","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02090-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02090-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Science is crucial for evidence-based decision-making. Public trust in scientists can help decision makers act on the basis of the best available evidence, especially during crises. However, in recent years the epistemic authority of science has been challenged, causing concerns about low public trust in scientists. We interrogated these concerns with a preregistered 68-country survey of 71,922 respondents and found that in most countries, most people trust scientists and agree that scientists should engage more in society and policymaking. We found variations between and within countries, which we explain with individual- and country-level variables, including political orientation. While there is no widespread lack of trust in scientists, we cannot discount the concern that lack of trust in scientists by even a small minority may affect considerations of scientific evidence in policymaking. These findings have implications for scientists and policymakers seeking to maintain and increase trust in scientists.</p>","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to evaluate the cognitive abilities of LLMs","authors":"Anna A. Ivanova","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02096-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02096-z","url":null,"abstract":"Language models have become an essential part of the burgeoning field of artificial intelligence (AI) psychology. I discuss 14 methodological considerations that can be used to design more robust, generalizable studies that evaluate the cognitive abilities of language-based AI systems, as well as to accurately interpret the results of these studies.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do not blame ‘queen bees’ for gender inequality in academia","authors":"Belle Derks, Francesca Manzi, Colette Van Laar, Naomi Ellemers, Klea Faniko","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02100-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02100-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Women in academia face a double bind. To be successful, they must embrace a highly competitive and individualistic work culture, and turn a blind eye to the systemic disparities that have historically disadvantaged them^1,2. Yet, at the same time, women academics are expected to pave the way for gender equality by actively helping other women to achieve their goals³.</p><p>The ‘queen bee phenomenon’ (QBP) describes the behaviour of some women in organizations dominated by men, who — rather than challenging the status quo — make deliberate efforts to fit in⁴. Although representation of women in academia has increased in the past decades, recent research shows that the QBP remains just as prevalent and visible as it was 15 years ago⁵. The persistence of the QBP is not surprising — academia remains a prime example of an organization in which men are the default. Women academics receive less recognition, support and resources (for example, research funding, salary and promotions)⁶. Moreover, behaviours associated with men and masculinity (for example, competition and self-promotion) are rewarded over behaviours associated with women and femininity (for example, teamwork and mentoring)⁷. Although all are expected to play by these masculine rules, women must also defy gender stereotypes that depict them as less competitive, driven and brilliant than men⁸ and demonstrate that they do not fit the stereotype — that, unlike other women, they have what it takes to be successful.</p>","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author Correction: Stable isotope evidence for pre-colonial maize agriculture and animal management in the Bolivian Amazon","authors":"Tiago Hermenegildo, Heiko Prümers, Carla Jaimes Betancourt, Patrick Roberts, Tamsin C. O’Connell","doi":"10.1038/s41562-025-02101-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-025-02101-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Correction to: <i>Nature Human Behaviour</i> https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02070-9, published online 23 December 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142936911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma proteomic signatures of social isolation and loneliness associated with morbidity and mortality","authors":"Chun Shen, Ruohan Zhang, Jintai Yu, Barbara J. Sahakian, Wei Cheng, Jianfeng Feng","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02078-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02078-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The biology underlying the connection between social relationships and health is largely unknown. Here, leveraging data from 42,062 participants across 2,920 plasma proteins in the UK Biobank, we characterized the proteomic signatures of social isolation and loneliness through proteome-wide association study and protein co-expression network analysis. Proteins linked to these constructs were implicated in inflammation, antiviral responses and complement systems. More than half of these proteins were prospectively linked to cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, stroke and mortality during a 14 year follow-up. Moreover, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis suggested causal relationships from loneliness to five proteins, with two proteins (ADM and ASGR1) further supported by colocalization. These MR-identified proteins (GFRA1, ADM, FABP4, TNFRSF10A and ASGR1) exhibited broad associations with other blood biomarkers, as well as volumes in brain regions involved in interoception and emotional and social processes. Finally, the MR-identified proteins partly mediated the relationship between loneliness and cardiovascular diseases, stroke and mortality. The exploration of the peripheral physiology through which social relationships influence morbidity and mortality is timely and has potential implications for public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene-level analysis reveals the genetic aetiology and therapeutic targets of schizophrenia","authors":"Xinglun Dang, Zhaowei Teng, Yongfeng Yang, Wenqiang Li, Jiewei Liu, Li Hui, Dongsheng Zhou, Daohua Gong, Shan-Shan Dai, Yifan Li, Xingxing Li, Luxian Lv, Yong Zeng, Yonggui Yuan, Xiancang Ma, Zhongchun Liu, Tao Li, Xiong-Jian Luo","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02091-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02091-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have reported multiple risk loci for schizophrenia (SCZ). However, the majority of the associations were from populations of European ancestry. Here we conducted a large-scale GWAS in Eastern Asian populations (29,519 cases and 44,392 controls) and identified ten Eastern Asian-specific risk loci, two of which have not been previously reported. A further cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis (96,806 cases and 492,818 controls) including populations from diverse ancestries identified 61 previously unreported risk loci. Systematic variant-level analysis, including fine mapping, functional genomics and expression quantitative trait loci, prioritized potential causal variants. Gene-level analyses, including transcriptome-wide association study, proteome-wide association study and Mendelian randomization, nominated the potential causal genes. By integrating evidence from layers of different analyses, we prioritized the most plausible causal genes for SCZ, such as <i>ACE</i>, <i>CNNM2</i>, <i>SNAP91</i>, <i>ABCB9</i> and <i>GATAD2A</i>. Finally, drug repurposing showed that ACE, CA14, MAPK3 and MAPT are potential therapeutic targets for SCZ. Our study not only showed the power of cross-ancestry GWAS in deciphering the genetic aetiology of SCZ, but also uncovered new genetic risk loci, potential causal variants and genes and therapeutic targets for SCZ.</p>","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142917085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distractor-specific control adaptation in multidimensional environments","authors":"Davide Gheza, Wouter Kool","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02088-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02088-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Goal-directed behaviour requires humans to constantly manage and switch between multiple, independent and conflicting sources of information. Conventional cognitive control tasks, however, only feature one task and one source of distraction. Therefore, it is unclear how control is allocated in multidimensional environments. To address this question, we developed a multidimensional task-set interference paradigm, in which people need to manage distraction from three independent dimensions. We use this task to test whether people adapt to previous conflict by enhancing task-relevant information or suppressing task-irrelevant information. Three experiments provided strong evidence for the latter hypothesis. Moreover, control adaptation was highly dimension specific. Conflict from a given dimension only affected processing of that same dimension on subsequent trials, with no evidence for generalization. A new neural network model shows that our results can only be simulated when including multiple independent conflict-detector units. Our results call for an update to classic models of cognitive control and their neurocomputational underpinnings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142917046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}