Nature Human Behaviour最新文献_第2页

Microdelays disrupt online learning. 微延迟扰乱了在线学习。

IF 17.5 1区心理学

Nature Human Behaviour Pub Date : 2026-10-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-026-02598-y

Asaf Mazar, Geoff Tomaino, Abubakir Siedahmed, Ahmad Abdolsaheb, Neil T Heffernan, Ziv Carmon, Angela L Duckworth

引用次数: 0

Algorithm-assisted personalized risk communication to encourage flu vaccination in the USA: three randomized field trials 在美国，算法辅助的个性化风险沟通鼓励流感疫苗接种：三个随机现场试验

IF 29.9 1区心理学

Nature Human Behaviour Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-026-02603-4

Gail M. Rosenbaum, Amir Goren, Maheen Shermohammed, Donna M. Wolk, Ann Marie Tice, Joseph J. Doyle Jr., Michelle N. Meyer, Christopher F. Chabris

{"title":"Algorithm-assisted personalized risk communication to encourage flu vaccination in the USA: three randomized field trials","authors":"Gail M. Rosenbaum, Amir Goren, Maheen Shermohammed, Donna M. Wolk, Ann Marie Tice, Joseph J. Doyle Jr., Michelle N. Meyer, Christopher F. Chabris","doi":"10.1038/s41562-026-02603-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-026-02603-4","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in healthcare to identify high-risk patients. Laboratory studies are mixed regarding patient attitudes towards AI use. Here we field-tested whether informing patients of their risk for influenza and its complications can serve as an effective behaviour-change intervention to increase vaccination, and whether disclosing AI use in the risk determination or providing personalized reasons for the algorithm’s prediction (a form of explainable AI) influence message effectiveness. We ran three preregistered randomized controlled trials with over 90,000 unique healthcare system patients in the USA (ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT04323137, NCT05009251 and NCT05509283). Patients identified by a previously validated machine learning algorithm as being at high risk for influenza and related complications were randomized to be sent no message or one of several different messages encouraging influenza vaccination (the primary outcome). High-risk nudges increased vaccination: among patients informed of their high risk, vaccination was 1.1–1.4 percentage points (3.3–5.4%) higher than those simply reminded to get a vaccine, and 1.7–3.5 percentage points (3.3–14.7%) higher than non-messaged patients. Vaccination was similar across message arms that did versus did not disclose ‘algorithm’ involvement or its risk explanations, indicating that patients are neither averse to nor appreciative of algorithm use or explainability in this realistic health application. This work was partially funded by the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health under award number P30AG034532.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"404 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149087862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contract incentives and behaviours of medical consultants in Ireland 爱尔兰医疗顾问的合同激励与行为

IF 29.9 1区心理学

Nature Human Behaviour Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-026-02592-4

Xidong Guo (郭锡栋), Eóin T. Flaherty, Huihui Li (黎晖晖), Jiming Zhu (朱纪明)

引用次数: 0

Gendered motives for group formidability among children and adults 儿童和成人群体强大性的性别动机

IF 29.9 1区心理学

Nature Human Behaviour Pub Date : 2026-10-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-026-02606-1

Erik K. Fonn, Joakim H. Zahl, Bjørn D. Kristensen, Lotte Thomsen

引用次数: 0

Intrinsic rewards guide visual resource allocation via reinforcement learning 内在奖励通过强化学习引导视觉资源分配

IF 29.9 1区心理学

Nature Human Behaviour Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-026-02573-7

Ivan Tomić, Rodrigo Raimundo, Paul M. Bays

{"title":"Intrinsic rewards guide visual resource allocation via reinforcement learning","authors":"Ivan Tomić, Rodrigo Raimundo, Paul M. Bays","doi":"10.1038/s41562-026-02573-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-026-02573-7","url":null,"abstract":"Humans and other animals prioritize visual processing of stimuli that signal rewards. While previous research has focused on tangible incentives (for example, money or food), the effects of intrinsic incentives—such as perceived competence—are less well understood. Here, across a series of visual estimation experiments, we manipulated observers’ subjective sense of confidence in their judgements using either deceptive trial-by-trial feedback or real discrepancies in stimulus reliability. We found that observers prioritized encoding of stimuli associated with lower uncertainty or error, benefiting performance for stimuli already estimated accurately, while further impairing performance for those estimated poorly. These reward-driven biases, while potentially adaptive, impaired overall accuracy in the present tasks by causing resource allocation to deviate from the error-minimizing strategy. To account for these findings, we supplemented a normalization model of neural resource allocation with a simple reinforcement learning rule. Intrinsic and external rewards cumulatively shaped the values assigned to different stimuli by the model, and the resulting discrepancies biased resource allocation and thereby estimation error, quantitatively matching the data. These findings reveal how intrinsic reward signals can shape resource allocation in ways that are both adaptive and counterproductive, offering a computational basis for the motivational biases underlying cognitive performance.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149087838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selfish and prosocial individuals both distort their actions’ impact, but selfish distortions can be more contagious 自私和亲社会的人都会扭曲他们行为的影响，但自私的扭曲更具传染性

IF 29.9 1区心理学

Nature Human Behaviour Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-026-02585-3

Marius C. Vollberg, Jörg Gross

{"title":"Selfish and prosocial individuals both distort their actions’ impact, but selfish distortions can be more contagious","authors":"Marius C. Vollberg, Jörg Gross","doi":"10.1038/s41562-026-02585-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-026-02585-3","url":null,"abstract":"People often act without knowing exactly how their actions impact others. Here, across nine preregistered online experiments (N = 8,769 adults, predominantly US residents), we tested whether people exploit this ambiguity to make themselves look good. On average, selfish individuals inflated the social benefit of their choice while downplaying that of the alternative, reporting the two options as more similar than prosocial individuals did (experiment 1a: b = 0.24, 95% confidence interval 0.14–0.34). Prosocial individuals portrayed their choice as comparatively more socially beneficial; they also inflated their implied relative sacrifice, although less consistently. We observed distortions even before people made a choice and when choices were forced, consistent with distortions reflecting social preferences rather than mere justification. While people differed in whether and how they distorted, distortions favouring selfishness showed evidence of contagion: others adopted them and became more selfish (experiment 6, selfish-serving versus no-distortion: b = 0.49, 95% confidence interval 0.10–0.88). These findings offer a psychological foundation for why polarized positions about the social impact of one’s actions may emerge. When social consequences are open to interpretation, people may predictably form divergent interpretations.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149087595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introducing AI to an online petition platform changed outputs but not outcomes 将人工智能引入在线请愿平台改变了产出，但没有改变结果

IF 29.9 1区心理学

Nature Human Behaviour Pub Date : 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-026-02580-8

Isabel Corpus, Eric Gilbert, Allison Koenecke, Mor Naaman

引用次数: 0

AI amplifies experts, not expertise. 人工智能放大了专家，而不是专业知识。

IF 17.5 1区心理学

Nature Human Behaviour Pub Date : 2026-09-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-026-02604-3

Sheng-Tun Li

引用次数: 0

Effects of land acknowledgements on non-Indigenous audiences in Australia and the USA 土地承认对澳大利亚和美国非土著听众的影响