Nature Human Behaviour最新文献

{"title":"Unlearning research microbehaviours from authoritarian backgrounds.","authors":"Myint Thu","doi":"10.1038/s41562-026-02440-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-026-02440-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147599427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of the global and regional estimates of the prevalence of sexual violence against children.","authors":"Xiangming Fang,Jingru Ren,Jian Kang,Daniela Ligiéro,Deborah Fry,Francis B Annor,Stephanie Burrows,Robert Alexander Butchart,Katherine Jaramillo Diaz,Zuyi Fang,Begoña Fernandez,David Finkelhor,Constanza Ginestra,Xudong Gong,Ashleigh L Howard,Wuwenhao Jin,Anna Krzeczkowska,Zain Kurdi,Jingxin Liu,Wei Liu,María Paula Marmolejo Lozano,Mengyao Lu,Yaoyue Lu,Greta M Massetti,James A Mercy,Louis Olié,Cheng Qin,Arturo Harker Roa,Sabina Savadova,Dongdong Shu,Hanqing Zhu,Yuchen Zhu,Inga Vermeulen","doi":"10.1038/s41562-026-02436-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-026-02436-1","url":null,"abstract":"Sexual violence against children (SVAC) is a critical global public health issue. Nonetheless, the availability of robust and comparable global and regional prevalence estimates remains limited. To address this gap, we aimed to provide current and refined estimates of SVAC to enhance understanding of its magnitude worldwide. We conducted comprehensive literature searches in the six official United Nations languages across 10 English-language databases, 23 non-English databases and more than 20 grey literature sources for records published between 1 January 2010 and 1 August 2024. Eligible studies included children under the age of 18 or adults retrospectively reporting SVAC. Studies were double-screened and extracted by two authors independently, with risk of bias assessed. A Bayesian hierarchical model was used to estimate lifetime and past-year prevalence, accounting for methodological and definitional variations across studies. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024495116). Of 64,393 records found and screened, 1,412 studies across 147 countries were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis, encompassing responses from 4,070,693 females and 2,910,973 males. Globally, 20.1% (95% uncertainty interval (UI), 19.8-20.4) of women and 16.8% (95% UI, 16.5-17.1) of men aged 18 years and older reported experiencing at least one form of SVAC (including both contact and non-contact forms) prior to age 18. Within this broader category, 12.4% (95% UI, 12.2-12.6) of women and 10.0% (95% UI, 9.8-10.2) of men experienced contact childhood sexual violence. In 2024 alone, an estimated 72.6 million girls and 60.9 million boys experienced at least one form of sexual violence, including 43.3 million girls and 34.8 million boys subjected to rape or sexual assault. In most regions, the estimated prevalence is somewhat higher for girls than for boys, although the global difference is smaller than reported in previous meta-analyses. Our findings highlight the alarming global burden of SVAC and the urgent need for evidence-based, multi-sectoral prevention strategies and intervention programmes to safeguard children worldwide. More well-designed research using a standardized approach to data collection is also needed, especially in regions under-represented by the current data.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147599426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of praise from peers on empathy and political inclusion towards racial or ethnic outgroups","authors":"Adeline Lo, Jonathan Renshon, Lotem Bassan-Nygate","doi":"10.1038/s41562-026-02413-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-026-02413-8","url":null,"abstract":"Outgroup bias is well documented and pernicious, manifesting in negative attitudes and behaviour towards outgroups. Addressing it is a first-order priority for Diversity, Equity and Inclusion programmes, as well as society more generally. Empathy—taking the perspective and understanding the experiences of others—holds promise for attenuating outgroup bias, but existing methods are expensive. Through seven pilots, we develop a low-cost, easily scalable ‘peer praise’ intervention that encourages empathy. In this report, we experimentally test (N = 5,303) whether our intervention promotes empathy and inclusive behaviour/attitudes among White US respondents towards Black and Latino/a Americans, a context where outgroup bias is particularly durable. We measure costly choices to engage in empathy, test whether peer praise promotes political (an index of letter writing and donations) and attitudinal (an index of social distance and thermometer ratings) inclusion, and, in a separate experiment (N = 4,404), test whether praise specifically from co-partisans can also promote inclusion. We find that peer praise for empathy neither motivates White participants to engage in empathy for racial outgroups, nor changes their attitudes or self-reported empathy towards outgroups. However, peer praise for empathy does encourage politically inclusive behaviour towards racial outgroups in the form of writing letters on behalf of racial equality to the government. Other registered analyses show that peer praise for empathy can change attitudes both in the short term (Wave 1) and over time (in our longitudinal Wave 2) but only for certain subgroups. Overall, this study provides an examination of a treatment to promote outgroup empathy. That treatment is demonstrated to be effective for behavioural outcomes related to political inclusion across all respondents and can even change attitudes, although only for some demographics. Broadly, our study suggests the importance of targeting empathy-promoting interventions towards receptive groups as well as the difficulty in promoting outgroup empathy, particularly when group identity is highlighted.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147496833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The overlooked threat of democratic neutrality in the USA","authors":"Matthew E. K. Hall, B. Tyler Leigh, Brittany C. Solomon","doi":"10.1038/s41562-026-02430-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-026-02430-7","url":null,"abstract":"Despite increasing concerns about American democracy, recent studies find little public support for undemocratic practices. However, these studies ignore democratic neutrality—that is, expressing neither agreement nor disagreement with undemocratic practices. Here, integrating research on uncertainty, indifference, ambivalence, conditionality and socially desirable responding, we argue that democratic neutrality poses an overlooked threat to democracy. Reanalysing prominent survey data (N = 45,095) and conducting two original surveys (N = 3,039; including a candidate-choice experiment), we document democratic neutrality as (a) prevalent (half of Americans express neutrality towards one or more undemocratic practices), (b) reflecting substantively meaningful attitudes (versus inattention), (c) correlated with theoretically related constructs, (d) distinct from opposition to undemocratic practices, and (e) as consequential as outright support for undemocratic practices in shaping preferences for anti-democratic candidates. Our findings challenge optimistic empirical accounts of Americans’ attitudes towards democracy. Democratic neutrality may help explain, and be targeted to ameliorate, democratic backsliding.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147496832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable neuroscience through open science","authors":"Lara M. C. Puhlmann, Alina Koppold, Gordon B. Feld, Tina B. Lonsdorf, Kirsten Hilger, Susanne Vogel, Çağatay Gürsoy, Alexandros Kastrinogiannis, Louisa Kulke, Alexander Lischke, Anett Müller-Alcazar, Julian Packheiser, Matthias F. J. Sperl, Yu-Fang Yang, Laura Bechtold, Sebastian Ocklenburg, Helena Hartmann","doi":"10.1038/s41562-026-02426-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41562-026-02426-3","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroscience is crucial for understanding human behaviour. Yet, its resource-intensive methods contribute to the climate crisis. We call on neuroscientists to align their research with ecological sustainability goals across the research cycle and propose three key steps: replace unfocused data collection, reduce excessive emissions and refine imprecise methods.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"10 4","pages":"639-642"},"PeriodicalIF":15.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147504402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring thresholds for individual change can improve social change interventions.","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41562-026-02418-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-026-02418-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147478900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating behavioural experimental findings into dynamical models to inform social change interventions","authors":"Radu Tănase, René Algesheimer, Manuel S. Mariani","doi":"10.1038/s41562-026-02417-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-026-02417-4","url":null,"abstract":"Addressing global challenges often involves stimulating the large-scale adoption of new products or behaviours. Research traditions that focus on individual decision-making suggest that achieving this objective requires identifying the drivers of individual discrete adoption choices. However, computational approaches rooted in complexity science focus on maximizing the propagation of a given product or behaviour throughout social networks of interconnected adopters. Here, by integrating discrete-choice modelling into the complex contagion theory, we propose a method to estimate individual-level thresholds to adoption. We validate the predictive power of this approach in two choice experiments. By integrating the estimated thresholds into computational simulations, we show that state-of-the-art seeding policies for initiating large-scale behavioural change might be suboptimal if they neglect individual-level behavioural drivers, which can be corrected through the proposed experimental method.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147465594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of living systematic reviews","authors":"Ingebjørg A. Iversen, Daniel S. Quintana","doi":"10.1038/s41562-026-02428-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41562-026-02428-1","url":null,"abstract":"Living systematic reviews continuously integrate new research and can provide timely evidence for policy and practice. This format adds value beyond traditional systematic reviews, and we recommend its wider adoption.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"10 4","pages":"647-649"},"PeriodicalIF":15.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147465595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized feature gains explain and predict successes and failures of human selective listening","authors":"Ian M. Griffith, R. Preston Hess, Josh H. McDermott","doi":"10.1038/s41562-026-02414-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-026-02414-7","url":null,"abstract":"Attention facilitates communication by enabling selective listening to sound sources of interest. However, little is known about why attentional selection succeeds in some conditions but fails in others. While neurophysiology implicates multiplicative feature gains in selective attention, it is unclear whether such gains can explain real-world attention-driven behaviour. Here we optimized an artificial neural network with stimulus-computable feature gains to recognize a cued talker’s speech from binaural audio in ‘cocktail party’ scenarios. Though not trained to mimic humans, the model produced human-like performance across diverse real-world conditions, exhibiting selection based both on voice qualities and on spatial location as well as selection failures in conditions where humans tended to fail. It also predicted novel attentional effects that we confirmed in human experiments, and exhibited signatures of ‘late selection’ like those seen in human auditory cortex. The results suggest that human-like attentional strategies naturally arise from the optimization of feature gains for selective listening.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147454753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioural genetics must prioritize communication","authors":"Shoumita Dasgupta","doi":"10.1038/s41562-026-02422-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41562-026-02422-7","url":null,"abstract":"Behavioural genetics is prone to harmful misinterpretation. To counter this and its consequences, behavioural geneticists must engage with the communities that they serve, and communicate clearly, responsibly and frequently to build and retain trust. It is crucial that this growing field promotes ethical, inclusive discovery.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"10 4","pages":"643-646"},"PeriodicalIF":15.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147365999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}