Nature Human Behaviour最新文献

{"title":"Political ideology and trust in scientists in the USA","authors":"Vukašin Gligorić, Gerben A. van Kleef, Bastiaan T. Rutjens","doi":"10.1038/s41562-025-02147-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-025-02147-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Trust in scientists is a key predictor of compliance with science-based solutions to societal challenges. Although liberals in the USA generally trust scientists more than conservatives do, it is not clear how these ideological differences vary across different scientific occupations and whether they can be mitigated. Here, in this Registered Report (including 7,800 US participants), we demonstrate that, even though the strength of the relationship between political ideology and trust varies across scientific occupations, liberals (compared with conservatives) show higher trust in most scientists. Moreover, following motivational accounts of scientist distrust, the study tested five theoretically grounded intervention strategies to improve conservatives’ trust in scientists. None of the interventions were successful, suggesting that trust in scientists reflects relatively stable attitudes that require more elaborate and time-intensive interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143827132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A meta-analysis of technology use and cognitive aging","authors":"Jared F. Benge, Michael K. Scullin","doi":"10.1038/s41562-025-02159-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-025-02159-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The first generation who engaged with digital technologies has reached the age where risks of dementia emerge. Has technological exposure helped or harmed cognition in digital pioneers? The digital dementia hypothesis predicts that a lifetime of technology exposure worsens cognitive abilities. An alternative hypothesis is that such exposures lead to technological reserve, wherein digital technologies promote behaviours that preserve cognition. We tested these hypotheses in a meta-analysis and systematic review of studies published in Medline, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Science Direct, Scopus, Cochrane Library, ProQuest and Web of Science. Studies were included if they were observational or cohort studies focused on general digital technology use in older adults (over age 50) and included either a cognitive or dementia diagnosis outcome. We identified 136 papers that met inclusion criteria, of which 57 were compatible with odds ratio or hazard ratio meta-analysis. These studies included 411,430 adults (baseline age M = 68.7 years; 53.5% female) from cross-sectional and longitudinal observational studies (range: 1–18 years, M = 6.2 years). Use of digital technologies was associated with reduced risk of cognitive impairment (OR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.35–0.52) and reduced time-dependent rates of cognitive decline (HR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.66–0.84). Effects remained significant when accounting for demographic, socioeconomic, health and cognitive reserve proxies. All studies were evaluated for quality on the basis of a standardized checklist; the primary outcomes replicated when limiting analyses to the highest-quality studies. Additional work is needed to test bidirectional causal interpretations, understand mechanisms that underpin technological reserve, and identify how types and timings of technology exposures influence cognitive health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polygenic overlap between subjective well-being and psychiatric disorders and cross-ancestry validation","authors":"Jin Young Jung, Yeeun Ahn, Jung-Wook Park, Kyeongmin Jung, Soyeon Kim, Soohyun Lim, Sang-Hyuk Jung, Hyejin Kim, Beomsu Kim, Mi Yeong Hwang, Young Jin Kim , Woong-Yang Park, Aysu Okbay, Kevin S. O’Connell, Ole A. Andreassen, Woojae Myung, Hong-Hee Won","doi":"10.1038/s41562-025-02155-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-025-02155-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Subjective well-being (SWB) is important for understanding human behaviour and health. Although the connection between SWB and psychiatric disorders has been studied, common genetic mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the genetic relationship between SWB and psychiatric disorders. Bivariate causal mixture modelling (MiXeR), polygenic risk score (PRS) and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses showed substantial polygenic overlap and associations between SWB and the psychiatric disorders. Subsequent replication studies in East Asian populations confirmed the polygenic overlap between schizophrenia and SWB. The conditional and conjunctional false discovery rate analyses identified additional or shared genetic loci associated with SWB or psychiatric disorders. Functional annotation revealed enrichment of specific brain tissues and genes associated with SWB. The identified genetic loci showed cross-ancestry transferability between the European and Korean populations. Our findings provide valuable insights into the common genetic mechanisms underlying SWB and psychiatric disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143827133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sources of organizational variability in fatal police shootings in the USA","authors":"Roland Neil, John M. MacDonald, Anthony A. Braga","doi":"10.1038/s41562-025-02169-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-025-02169-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rate of fatal shootings by officers is highly variable across American police agencies, yet the reasons for this variability remain unclear. This study uses Bayesian multilevel models to partition the variation in fatal police shooting rates across 2,727 police agencies between 2015 and 2020 into 3 sources of variability: randomness, differences in social context, and outlier agencies that have exceptionally higher or lower rates than is predicted by observed factors. The results indicate that variation in police shooting rates across agencies is far from random and is primarily associated with differences in social contexts, especially differences in crime rates, 911 call rates, officers per capita and the prevalence of guns. However, even after accounting for extensive differences in contexts, several police agencies consistently have lower or higher police shooting rates than predicted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the effect of retractions on publishing careers","authors":"Shahan Ali Memon, Kinga Makovi, Bedoor AlShebli","doi":"10.1038/s41562-025-02154-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-025-02154-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Retracting academic papers is a fundamental tool of quality control, but it may have far-reaching consequences for retracted authors and their careers. Previous studies have highlighted the adverse effects of retractions on citation counts and the citations of co-authors; however, the broader impacts beyond these have not been fully explored. Here we address this gap by leveraging Retraction Watch, the most extensive dataset on retractions and link it to Microsoft Academic Graph and Altmetric. Retracted authors, particularly those with less experience, often leave scientific publishing in the aftermath of a retraction, especially if their retractions attract widespread attention. However, retracted authors who remain active in publishing maintain and establish more collaborations compared with their similar non-retracted counterparts. Nevertheless, retracted authors generally retain less senior and less productive co-authors, but gain more impactful co-authors post-retraction. Our findings suggest that retractions may impose a disproportionate impact on early career authors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why I value peer review","authors":"Patricia L. Lockwood","doi":"10.1038/s41562-025-02188-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-025-02188-4","url":null,"abstract":"Patricia Lockwood discusses why she values peer review and participating in the peer review process, despite some of the challenges.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The health effects associated with physical, sexual and psychological gender-based violence against men and women: a Burden of Proof study","authors":"Caroline Stein, Luisa S. Flor, Gabriela F. Gil, Mariam Khalil, Molly Herbert, Aleksandr Y. Aravkin, Alejandra Arrieta, María Jose Baeza de Robba, Flavia Bustreo, Jack Cagney, Renzo J. C. Calderon-Anyosa, Sinclair Carr, Jaidev Kaur Chandan, Joht Singh Chandan, Carolina V. N. Coll, Fabiana Martins Dias de Andrade, Gisele N. de Andrade, Alexandra N. Debure, Erin DeGraw, Ben Hammond, Simon I. Hay, Felicia M. Knaul, Rachel Q. H. Lim, Susan A. McLaughlin, Nicholas Metheny, Sonica Minhas, Jasleen K. Mohr, Erin C. Mullany, Christopher J. L. Murray, Erin M. O’Connell, Vedavati Patwardhan, Sofia Reinach, Dalton Scott, Cory N. Spencer, Reed J. D. Sorensen, Heidi Stöckl, Aisha Twalibu, Aiganym Valikhanova, Nádia Vasconcelos, Peng Zheng, Emmanuela Gakidou","doi":"10.1038/s41562-025-02144-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-025-02144-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The health impacts of exposure to physical, sexual or psychological gender-based violence (GBV) against men and women are substantial yet not well delineated. We systematically reviewed and meta-analysed 40 studies to evaluate the associations between GBV (including but not limited to intimate partner violence) and eight health outcomes: sexually transmitted infections excluding HIV, maternal abortion and miscarriage, HIV/AIDS, major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, drug use disorders, alcohol use disorders and self-harm. Using the Burden of Proof methods, we generated conservative metrics of association—including star ratings from one to five—reflecting both effect size and evidence strength. Sexual violence was associated with six outcomes, with moderate, three-star evidence of association for sexually transmitted infections, maternal abortion and miscarriage, and major depressive disorder—increasing the risk by at least 104%, 101% and 50%, respectively. Seven outcomes were associated with physical GBV with two- or one-star associations, reflecting weak associations and/or inconsistent evidence. Of the four health outcomes analysed in relation to psychological GBV, one, major depressive disorder, had a significant association with a one-star rating. These findings emphasize the serious health consequences of GBV for survivors and the necessity of additional data to further our understanding of this complex public health issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143813722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diverse and large-scale brain data in child development research","authors":"Liang Zhang, Gui Xue","doi":"10.1038/s41562-025-02186-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-025-02186-6","url":null,"abstract":"Postnatal brain development is important for individual and societal outcomes. We need large-scale cohort studies from diverse populations to generate generalizable insights into the factors that affect children’s brain development. Here we discuss the contribution of the Chinese Child Brain Development project.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143813721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health effects associated with exposure of children to physical violence, psychological violence and neglect: a Burden of Proof study","authors":"Luisa S. Flor, Caroline Stein, Gabriela F. Gil, Mariam Khalil, Molly Herbert, Aleksandr Y. Aravkin, Alejandra Arrieta, María Jose Baeza de Robba, Flavia Bustreo, Jack Cagney, Renzo J. C. Calderon-Anyosa, Sinclair Carr, Jaidev Kaur Chandan, Joht Singh Chandan, Carolina V. N. Coll, Fabiana Martins Dias de Andrade, Gisele N. de Andrade, Alexandra N. Debure, Erin DeGraw, Ben Hammond, Simon I. Hay, Felicia M. Knaul, Rachel Q. H. Lim, Susan A. McLaughlin, Nicholas Metheny, Sonica Minhas, Jasleen K. Mohr, Erin C. Mullany, Christopher J. L. Murray, Erin M. O’Connell, Vedavati Patwardhan, Sofia Reinach, Dalton Scott, Cory N. Spencer, Reed J. D. Sorensen, Heidi Stöckl, Aisha Twalibu, Aiganym Valikhanova, Nádia Vasconcelos, Peng Zheng, Emmanuela Gakidou","doi":"10.1038/s41562-025-02143-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-025-02143-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The health toll of child maltreatment or violence against children (VAC) has not yet been comprehensively evaluated. Here, in our systematic review and meta-analyses, we focused on the health impacts of physical violence, psychological violence and neglect during childhood. Utilizing the Burden of Proof methodology, which generates conservative measures of association while accounting for heterogeneity between input studies, we evaluated 35 associations between VAC and adverse health outcomes, identifying 27 statistically significant links. The associations between physical violence and major depressive disorder, ischaemic heart disease, alcohol use disorder, eating disorders and drug use disorders were rated as moderately weak, reflecting a small effect size and/or inconsistent evidence. The minimum increased risk ranged from 16% for depression to 2% for drug use disorders. Psychological violence showed similar moderately weak associations with drug use disorders (8% minimum risk increase), migraine (7%) and gynaecological diseases (2%). Neglect was linked to at least a 15% increased risk for anxiety disorders. The other 18 associations were weaker due to smaller effect sizes and/or less consistent evidence. Despite the limitations of the existing evidence, our analysis highlights substantial health impacts for VAC survivors, underscoring the need for health system prioritization and continued efforts to eliminate all forms of VAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143813723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational analysis of US congressional speeches reveals a shift from evidence to intuition","authors":"Segun T. Aroyehun, Almog Simchon, Fabio Carrella, Jana Lasser, Stephan Lewandowsky, David Garcia","doi":"10.1038/s41562-025-02136-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-025-02136-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pursuit of honest and truthful decision-making is crucial for governance and accountability in democracies. However, people sometimes take different perspectives of what it means to be honest and how to pursue truthfulness. Here we explore a continuum of perspectives from evidence-based reasoning, rooted in ascertainable facts and data, at one end, to intuitive decisions that are driven by feelings and subjective interpretations, at the other. We analyse the linguistic traces of those contrasting perspectives in congressional speeches from 1879 to 2022. We find that evidence-based language has continued to decline since the mid-1970s, together with a decline in legislative productivity. The decline was accompanied by increasing partisan polarization in Congress and rising income inequality in society. The results highlight the importance of evidence-based language in political decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143813538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}