Behavioral Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Physical Activity and Negative Emotional States Among Female College Students: A Three-Wave Cross-Lagged Study.","authors":"Xinyi Chen, Wen Zhang, Chang Hu, Yuqing Yuan, Joston Gary","doi":"10.3390/bs16091706","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs16091706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drawing on embodied emotion theory, this study investigated the longitudinal interplay between physical activity and negative emotional states among female college students across three waves of assessment. Female college students from five universities in Jiangxi Province, China, were assessed at three-month intervals over six months, with 1321 participants completing all three measurement waves. Physical activity was measured using the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3), whereas negative emotional states were assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21). Descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and common method bias testing were performed using SPSS 26.0, while observed-variable and latent-variable cross-lagged panel models, together with multi-group analyses, were conducted using Mplus 8.3. Physical activity was significantly and negatively correlated with negative emotional states across all three measurement occasions (<i>r</i> = -0.363 to -0.249, all <i>p</i> < 0.01). After accounting for autoregressive effects and within-wave correlations, higher physical activity at T1 was associated with lower negative emotional states at T2 (<i>β</i> = -0.102, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and higher physical activity at T2 was associated with lower negative emotional states at T3 (<i>β</i> = -0.185, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Conversely, higher negative emotional states at T1 were associated with lower physical activity at T2 (<i>β</i> = -0.131, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and higher negative emotional states at T2 were associated with lower physical activity at T3 (<i>β</i> = -0.153, <i>p</i> < 0.001). An additional latent-variable cross-lagged panel model, in which negative emotional states were represented as a latent construct indicated by depression, anxiety, and stress, yielded the same direction and statistical significance for all four cross-lagged associations, although the standardized coefficients differed modestly in magnitude. Multi-group analyses indicated that these cross-lagged associations did not differ significantly across family residence or academic year groups. Overall, the findings point to a bidirectional pattern of longitudinal associations between physical activity and negative emotional states among female college students, in line with the embodied emotion perspective that bodily activity and emotional experiences may be interconnected over time. University mental health initiatives may therefore consider addressing both physical activity and negative emotional states, while recognizing that their longitudinal association appears to be bidirectional.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The \"Bright Side\" of Identity Fusion: Promoting Intentions to Engage in Intergroup Prosocial Behavior.","authors":"Jielin Shen, Sicen Shen, Yuchang Jin, Ping Zhang, Junxiu An, Peixuan Zheng","doi":"10.3390/bs16091701","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs16091701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In increasingly diverse societies, intergroup prosocial behavior is crucial for improving intergroup relations and facilitating cross-group cooperation. Guided by the Fusion-Secure Base Hypothesis, the present research uses the North-South cultural divide in China as a meaningful intergroup boundary and examines whether identity fusion among Southern Chinese young adults is associated with intergroup prosocial behavior and through which psychological pathways. Study 1 employed a cross-sectional survey (<i>N</i> = 609) and showed that identity fusion was positively associated with intergroup prosocial behavior; group efficacy and empathy displayed parallel indirect effects linking identity fusion to intergroup prosocial behavior. Study 2 used a one-factor, three-level between-subjects experiment (<i>N</i> = 72) in which participants completed a Southern regional social self-reflection task, a personal self-reflection task, or a control task describing the laboratory setting. Results indicated that both activation groups reported higher intergroup prosocial intention than the control group, whereas the difference between the two activation groups was not significant. Exploratory mediation analyses suggested that group efficacy showed relatively more consistent preliminary evidence than empathy. Overall, the findings offer preliminary evidence that identity fusion is associated with intergroup prosocial behavior, while also suggesting that the underlying psychological pathways require further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Algorithmic Management and Gig-Worker Sentiment over Time: A Comparative Analysis of Literature and Computational Evidence.","authors":"Nurettin Mert Batu, Hale Alan, Güray Tonguç, Neylan Kaya, Halil Özekicioğlu, Seda Sönmez, Hüseyin Topuz","doi":"10.3390/bs16091709","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs16091709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Algorithmic management increasingly shapes how gig work is organised, evaluated, and experienced, yet its implications for workers' affective responses remain fragmented across the literature. This study integrates a systematic review with computational analysis to examine how algorithmically mediated work is represented in research and expressed in online gig-worker discourse. The systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and synthesised evidence on autonomy, fairness, transparency, evaluation, resource insecurity, and worker experience. The computational component analysed a corpus of 10,000 online texts collected over 12 consecutive months in 2025 from gig-worker-related digital communities and platforms. Sentiment and emotion were examined using NLP-based classification and term extraction, with temporal and contextual patterns assessed across the corpus. The computational analysis found that negative sentiment was more prevalent than neutral and positive sentiment, with frustration, anxiety, and anger among the most prominent expressed emotions. These patterns broadly corresponded with themes identified in the systematic review, particularly concerns regarding fairness, uncertainty, autonomy, transparency, and algorithmic control. However, the temporal findings represent changes in aggregate online discourse rather than within-person emotional trajectories or causal effects. The study concludes that computational analysis provides complementary evidence of how algorithmically mediated work is discussed and affectively expressed online, while individual lived experiences, psychological outcomes, and causal mechanisms require further investigation through longitudinal and mixed-method research.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing the Prevalence of PTSD Tendencies on Social Media During Emergencies.","authors":"Jingfang Liu, Chengyang Fu, Dingyun Lou","doi":"10.3390/bs16091702","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs16091702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychological condition that may develop after exposure to severe traumatic events, particularly in unexpected situations characterized by high uncertainty and stress. As social media has become an integral part of daily life, it serves as a platform for sharing personal experiences, emotional expressions, and public responses during emergencies. Grounded in Protection Motivation Theory, this study explores the factors associated with PTSD tendencies expressed on social media during emergencies. Using large-scale user-generated data from social media, posts exhibiting PTSD tendencies were identified through a machine-learning classifier based on semantic embeddings, and the Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic model was applied to extract relevant themes. A multiple linear regression model with Newey-West standard errors was then constructed to examine the factors related to the prevalence of PTSD tendencies. The results indicate that epidemic containment, protective measures, and health concern are negatively associated with the prevalence of PTSD tendencies on social media, whereas expressive negativity is positively associated with trauma-related expression. Focusing on the context of COVID-19, this study highlights the factors associated with PTSD tendencies on social media and underscores the importance of well-organized epidemic prevention and control measures and balanced information dissemination in mitigating the psychological impact during emergencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Evaluation of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) in Peruvian Psychology Undergraduates: Factor Structure, Reliability, and Measurement Invariance Across Sex.","authors":"Natalia Mavila Guzmán Rodríguez, Jacqueline Roxana Romero Reyna, Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García, Patricia Ibeth Tirado Bocanegra, Carlos Miguel Perez Lara","doi":"10.3390/bs16091711","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs16091711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence for the original adult Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) in Peruvian university populations remains limited, particularly regarding score comparability across sex. This cross-sectional psychometric study evaluated the factor structure, internal consistency, and sex-related measurement invariance of the original 10-item ERQ and an exploratory nine-item configuration in 414 psychology undergraduates from a private university in Trujillo, Peru. The correlated two-factor ERQ-10 showed a mixed but viable fit (χ²(34) = 84.56, CFI = 0.933, RMSEA = 0.060, 90% CI [0.044, 0.076], SRMR = 0.057), with positive loadings ranging from 0.381 to 0.806. Post hoc exclusion of Item 1 produced a stronger approximate fit (χ²(26) = 46.03, CFI = 0.971, RMSEA = 0.043, 90% CI [0.021, 0.063], SRMR = 0.045), but reliability changed negligibly. For the nine-item configuration, full metric invariance was not supported; partial metric, partial scalar, and partial strict invariance were supported after freeing the Item 5 loading across sex. The ERQ-10 therefore remains viable for group-level research in this sample, whereas the alternative configuration should be regarded as a sample-derived hypothesis requiring independent replication, broader samples, and evidence based on external variables.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Social-Emotional Learning Skills and Learning Motivation Among University Students: Exploring the Roles of Emotional Intelligence and Emotion Regulation.","authors":"Fatih Mutlu Özbilen, Alper Aytaç","doi":"10.3390/bs16091707","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs16091707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the relationships among university students' social-emotional learning (SEL) skills, emotional intelligence, emotion regulation, and learning motivation, with particular attention to a proposed serial indirect relationship through emotional intelligence and emotion regulation. A cross-sectional correlational design was employed with 372 students from the Faculties of Education and Arts and Sciences at a university in Türkiye, selected through stratified random cluster sampling. Data were analyzed using observed-variable path analysis in AMOS; the specific serial indirect effect in the original theoretical model was additionally estimated with PROCESS using bootstrap confidence intervals. SEL skills were positively related to learning motivation and emotional intelligence, emotional intelligence was positively related to emotion regulation, and emotion regulation was positively related to learning motivation. However, the direct relationships between SEL skills and emotion regulation and between emotional intelligence and learning motivation were not statistically significant. In the original theoretical model, the specific serial indirect relationship from SEL skills to learning motivation through emotional intelligence and emotion regulation was small and not statistically significant (β = 0.036, 95% CI [-0.0003, 0.0750]); therefore, the hypothesized serial indirect relationship was not supported. A post hoc parsimonious model excluding the two nonsignificant direct paths revealed a small but statistically significant serial indirect relationship (β = 0.043, 95% CI [0.005, 0.082]). This exploratory pattern should be interpreted cautiously and requires replication through longitudinal or experimental research. The findings may also inform curriculum developers by identifying social-emotional dimensions that warrant consideration in needs analysis and future curriculum-design and intervention studies in higher education, particularly in teacher education.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opportunity and Threat in Parallel: How Artificial Intelligence Application Predicts Employees' Proactive Learning Behavior Through Parallel Primary Appraisals.","authors":"Yixun Lu, Long Ye, Shaojun Shen","doi":"10.3390/bs16091713","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs16091713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As organizations embed artificial intelligence (AI) in everyday work, understanding how employees respond has become a pressing question for human resource management. Drawing on the cognitive appraisal theory of stress, this study examines how AI application relates to employees' proactive learning behavior through two parallel primary appraisals: opportunity perception and threat perception. It also tests proactive personality both as a direct predictor and as a moderator at two theoretically distinct locations: the formation of appraisals and the translation of appraisals into behavior. Using a four-wave panel design among employees from multiple industries, we find that AI application is positively associated with proactive learning behavior overall. This association operates through two opposing pathways: opportunity perception strengthens proactive learning, whereas threat perception suppresses it. Additional analyses indicate that the opportunity pathway is the more robust of the two across longitudinal specifications. The two appraisals are statistically separable and jointly elevated in a subgroup of employees, indicating parallel rather than strictly bipolar appraisal. Proactive personality is positively associated with opportunity perception and proactive learning, negatively associated with threat perception, and moderates the appraisal-formation stage rather than the appraisal-to-behavior stage. These findings extend the cognitive appraisal theory of stress to the AI context and suggest that dispositional proactivity operates mainly by shaping how employees read AI, rather than by changing how they act on an appraisal once it has formed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI Dependence and Self-Reported Creativity Among Chinese College Students: The Roles of Motivation for AI Use and Perceived AI Literacy.","authors":"Jie Hou, Yanhong Huang, Qing Wang, Xiaoxue Yao, Peizheng Zhang, Fengqing Zhao","doi":"10.3390/bs16091712","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs16091712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Creativity is a critical higher-order cognitive capacity for college students in the age of artificial intelligence. This study examined the relationship between AI dependence and self-reported creativity among Chinese college students, the mediating roles of motivation for AI use and the moderating role of AI literacy. A total of 5764 valid responses were collected from university students across multiple regions of China. Participants completed measures of AI dependence, perceived AI literacy, motivation for AI use, and self-reported creativity. The results showed that AI dependence was negatively associated with self-reported creativity. Parallel mediation analysis indicated significant negative indirect associations through escape and social motivation, whereas the indirect associations through instrumental and entertainment motivation were positive. In the primary moderated mediation analysis, perceived AI literacy significantly moderated the associations of AI dependence with escape, social, and entertainment motivation, but not with instrumental motivation. The interaction between AI dependence and perceived AI literacy in predicting self-reported creativity was not significant. The study contributes to research on AI use in higher education by identifying differentiated motivational pathways and clarifying the pathway-specific moderating role of perceived AI literacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Tool to Social Actor: A Systematic Review of the Psychological Mechanisms Through Which Conversational AI Reshapes the Employee Experience.","authors":"Li Liu, Ruijuan Zhang, Xin Su","doi":"10.3390/bs16091704","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs16091704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid workplace diffusion of conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) introduces a new social actor, yet existing reviews often neglect the intrapsychic processes through which employees construe these systems. This systematic review synthesizes the emerging psychological mechanisms suggested by the literature through which CAI reshapes the employee experience. Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched the Web of Science database (up to February 2026) and analyzed 84 SSCI-indexed studies based on the sociotechnical systems theory, the Computers as Social Actors paradigm, and the Job Demands-Resources model; the corpus quality was appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings reveal that while instrumental framing remains dominant, a meaningful theoretical turn has emerged among a minority of studies, where conversational artificial intelligence is increasingly conceptualized as a partner or supervisor fundamentally driven by anthropomorphic cues. The synthesis identifies a double-edged reshaping of work: cognitively, human intelligence augmentation competes with skill threat; emotionally, constant support contrasts with social fabric erosion; and career-wise, inclusion coexists with work alienation and generative AI loafing. These dimensions are psychologically coupled, with patterns indicating that cognitive threats co-occur with emotional anxiety and moral expediency. While limited by cross-sectional primary evidence, the review provides an integrated conceptual model illustrating proposed conceptual pathways that connect multi-layered antecedents to employee outcomes, which could be adopted to guide future longitudinal validation. By shifting the focus from productivity to psychological experience, this study offers theoretical foundations for human-AI collaboration and outlines a future research agenda on trust dynamics and algorithmic fairness.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Perceived Crowding Shapes Tourists' Impulsive Buying in Internet-Famous Supermarkets: The Roles of Bipolar Emotions and Brand Trust.","authors":"Yayan Lu, Xiaoyan Zhang, Yizhuo Xiao, Di Liu, Jianchao Xi","doi":"10.3390/bs16091710","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs16091710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the impact mechanism of perceived crowding on consumer impulsive buying in the context of internet-famous supermarkets. Based on environmental psychology, this study proposes a moderated mediation model. Survey data from 565 tourists, collected between December 2024 and January 2026, were analyzed using structural equation modeling with SPSS 27.0, AMOS 28.0, and PROCESS macro 4.1. The results reveal that perceived social and spatial crowding exert divergent effects on impulsive buying and positive and negative emotions. Positive emotions act as a significant mediator between spatial crowding and impulsive buying, whereas social crowding drives impulsive buying primarily through direct social contagion rather than emotional pathways. Furthermore, while brand trust was hypothesized to broadly moderate this process, results reveal a limited and counterintuitive moderating role. It significantly interacts only with perceived social crowding, unexpectedly dampening its positive effects on both impulsive buying and positive emotions, whereas all other moderation and moderated mediation hypotheses remain unsupported. This research clarifies the distinct emotional mechanisms of perceived crowding and the specific suppressing role of brand trust, enriching environmental psychology and cognitive appraisal theory while providing practical guidance for the sustainable development of internet-famous retail.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}