Behavioral Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Relationship Between Sleep Duration and Psychosocial Well-Being in Healthcare Personnel: Identification of Predictors and Vulnerability Patterns.","authors":"Eva Urbón, Carlos Salavera, José M López-Chamorro, Almudena F Diaz-Carrasco","doi":"10.3390/bs15091290","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study examined the relationship between sleep duration and eating behaviours, stress symptoms, and burnout in healthcare professionals.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aimed to examine whether sleep duration influenced the psychosocial well-being of healthcare personnel, as well as to identify possible predictors and patterns of vulnerability in this population.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 194 public healthcare workers (mainly women and nursing staff). Validated questionnaires were used: the EAT-40, the EDI, the MBI, and a stress symptom scale. The participants were classified into two groups according to their sleep duration (fewer than six hours of sleep and six hours or more of sleep).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A sleep duration of fewer than six hours was associated with higher levels of depersonalisation (burnout), physical and emotional symptoms of stress (fatigue, tachycardia, memory loss, crying easily), dysfunctional coping strategies (self-medication, isolation), and more restrictive eating behaviours. A regression analysis identified seven predictors of sleep duration: allergies, marital status, hours worked, depersonalisation, alcohol consumption, interpersonal distrust, and skipping meals, which together explained 18% of the variance. A network analysis showed positive correlations between these variables in the group with a shorter sleep duration, indicating a pattern of cumulative psychosocial vulnerability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the cross-sectional design limits causal inference, the results underscore the importance of sleep as a key factor in the emotional and functional well-being of healthcare personnel. Organisational interventions focused on promoting rest, emotional management, and stress prevention are suggested, considering sleep not only as a biological need, but also as a relevant indicator of psychosocial health for healthcare quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145173005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotion Regulation Modulates Affective Responses Without Altering Memory Traces: A Study of Negative Social Feedback from Acquaintances.","authors":"Peng Liu, Xin Cheng, Mengyao Fan, Zhichao Huang, Chao Zhang","doi":"10.3390/bs15091294","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Negative social feedback can cause social pain and may damage physical and mental health. In particular, negative social feedback from acquaintances deeply activates the social pain brain network between the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), the anterior insula, and the amygdala, inducing stronger emotional responses and memories. This study used a social appraisal paradigm to investigate the potential benefits of emotional regulation in the face of negative social feedback from acquaintances, as measured by emotional responses and memories. The results showed that negative social feedback sent by acquaintances induced stronger emotional experiences and deeper negative memories than those sent by strangers. Cognitive reappraisal and distraction could reduce the negative emotions induced by negative social feedback sent by acquaintances; however, they did not affect the forgetting of memories of negative social feedback. Further analyses revealed that the emotion regulation strategy was more effective in alleviating negative emotions in the group with self-reported low-depressive symptoms compared to the group with self-reported high-depressive symptoms. Thus, the study suggests that the effectiveness of emotional regulation strategies varies across different relational contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Attachment-Related Factors and Psychopathic Traits: A Systematic Review Focused on Women.","authors":"Marina Leonor Pinheiro, Ana Beatriz Machado, Rui Abrunhosa Gonçalves, Sónia Caridade, Olga Cunha","doi":"10.3390/bs15091293","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychopathy in women remains understudied, particularly regarding the role of early relational experiences such as attachment. This systematic review aims to synthesize the current evidence on the association between attachment-related factors and psychopathic traits in women. A structured search following PRISMA guidelines across multidisciplinary databases (Scopus-Elsevier^®, ESBCO^®, Pubmed^®, Sage Publishing^®, B-On, and Web of Science-Core Collection^®) yielded 147 articles, of which eight met the inclusion criteria. The majority of the studies met three to four out of the five methodological quality criteria. Findings indicate that insecure attachment styles are differentially associated with psychopathy. Avoidant attachment is positively linked to callous-unemotional traits, whereas the role of anxious attachment appears more heterogeneous. Some studies associate it with higher levels of affective traits and secondary psychopathy, while others identify it as a negative predictor of callous-unemotional features in women. Avoidant attachment was also negatively correlated with empathy and positively related to maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, particularly among women with secondary psychopathic traits. Negative maternal parenting was associated with elevated psychopathic traits, whereas positive parental involvement acted as a protective factor. Additional predictors included early maladaptive schemas and childhood risk factors such as parental criminality and poor supervision. These findings highlight the relevance of early intervention and attachment-informed approaches in forensic risk assessment, trauma-informed care, and prevention programs targeting women with psychopathic traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coaching Bilingual Speech-Language Student Clinicians and Spanish-Speaking Caregivers to Use Culturally Adapted NDBI Techniques with Autistic Preschoolers.","authors":"Richelle McGuire, Jessica Nico, Naomi Nattress, Carlos Irizarry-Pérez, Cindy Gevarter","doi":"10.3390/bs15091292","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A cascading coaching model was used to teach bilingual speech-language pathology (SLP) graduate student clinicians and Spanish-speaking caregivers to implement naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention (NDBI) techniques with autistic preschoolers. Two triads (each consisting of a graduate student clinician, a minimally vocal child diagnosed with autism, and a caregiver) participated in the study. Following the cascading approach, a lead instructor (with limited Spanish conversational skills) coached bilingual student clinicians (in English) to apply culturally adapted NDBI with child participants. Following additional instruction in coaching, student clinicians coached caregivers in Spanish. Effects were evaluated using a multiple methods approach consisting of multiple probes across participants single case experimental design and a qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with adult participants. All adult participants increased their use of targeted NDBI skills including elicitation techniques (creating communication temptations, using wait time, and prompting) and response techniques (reinforcing children's communication with natural consequences and providing a contextually relevant vocal model), demonstrating large to very large effect sizes. Although qualitative findings indicated areas for improvement (e.g., additional Spanish supports for clinicians), thematic analysis revealed additional benefits in terms of positive changes across adult learning, behavior, and perspectives; child communication; and child-caregiver relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Controlled Feedback and Behavioral Outcomes in Motor Skill Learning: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Biye Wang, Tao Tao, Yuchen Yuan, Wei Guo","doi":"10.3390/bs15091291","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Providing feedback is a key instructional strategy in motor learning. Recently, interest has grown in self-controlled (SC) feedback, which allows learners to choose when to receive feedback. However, evidence on its effectiveness remains mixed, and its impact across different learning phases and populations is unclear. This meta-analysis assessed the effect of SC feedback on motor skill learning during acquisition, retention, and transfer phases, compared to passively received (PR) feedback and Yoked (YK) feedback groups. A comprehensive search of three datasets identified 29 studies comprising 1147 participants. Although SC feedback did not bring a significant advantage in the acquisition phase, it facilitated motor skill learning in both the retention and transfer phases. Moderator analyses revealed that cognitive status influenced SC feedback efficacy during the acquisition phase, with significant effects observed only in cognitively impaired individuals. Additionally, skill type moderated outcomes in the transfer phase, with series skills showing greater benefits than discrete skills, and this effect was significant only when compared to the YK group. In summary, SC feedback-enhanced motor skill learning in the retention and transfer phases, supporting its role in the consolidation and generalization of learning. Additionally, cognitively impaired individuals showed greater benefits during the acquisition phase, and series skills demonstrated more substantial gains in the transfer phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Profiles and Variables Related to Burnout Amongst School Mental Health Providers.","authors":"Ashley Rila, Gerta Bardhoshi, Derek Rodgers, Allison Bruhn, Duhita Mahatmya","doi":"10.3390/bs15091289","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine burnout profiles and organizational variables that impact burnout in school mental health providers, such as school counselors, school psychologists, social workers, and interventionists. We disseminated a survey to a large sample of school personnel across a Midwestern state. From the larger sample, we analyzed responses from school mental health providers (n = 120), as there are severe shortages of these professionals within the state and across the country. When shortages occur, caseloads are higher, thus increasing the work demands and the propensity for burnout. With burnout leading to attrition from the field, this creates a vicious cycle that could be prevented through the awareness and implementation of strategies to counteract the factors contributing to burnout. Results indicate school mental health providers (n = 120) in this state endure high levels of emotional exhaustion, while still maintaining a sense of personal accomplishment. Further, higher levels of perceived organizational support and job satisfaction appeared to lower burnout, whereas respondents who worked in schools implementing a multi-tiered system of support experienced higher burnout. Key findings, implications for practice, limitations, and future directions are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Father-Adolescent Life Satisfaction Relationship in Light of Fathers' Personality Traits and Satisfaction with Life: A Transgenerational Perspective.","authors":"Tatjana Krstić, Ilija Milovanović, Aleksandra Stojadinović, Željka Nikolašević","doi":"10.3390/bs15091286","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines how life satisfaction and personality traits are intergenerationally transmitted from fathers to their adolescent children. The sample comprised 144 father-child dyads (mean child age = 13.65; 55.9% male; mean father age = 43.06). The data were obtained via questionnaires. The Satisfaction With Life Scale served as the measure of life satisfaction. Fathers also completed a brief version of the NEO Personality Inventory. The results showed that fathers' life satisfaction significantly positively correlated with their children's life satisfaction, supporting the theory of intergenerational transmission. Unexpectedly, fathers' high neuroticism positively correlated with adolescents' life satisfaction, contradicting previous studies suggesting a negative association. Additionally, fathers' high agreeableness was significantly associated with higher life satisfaction in their children, indicating that agreeable fathers contribute to a supportive and nurturing family environment, enhancing adolescents' well-being. In conclusion, this study emphasizes how fathers' personality traits, particularly agreeableness and neuroticism, notably contribute to the psychological and emotional well-being of their adolescent children.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Open Trial for Transdiagnostic Behavior Therapy for Primary Care (TBT-PC) in Veterans with Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety.","authors":"Daniel F Gros, Stephanie Hart, Michelle Pompei, Ron Acierno","doi":"10.3390/bs15091287","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transdiagnostic psychotherapies were developed to address multiple diagnostic presentations via a single, easier-to-implement protocol. However, despite advances, these protocols are largely limited to longer formats designed for mental health settings. The present study investigated a version of Transdiagnostic Behavior Therapy (TBT-PC) that was adapted for primary care settings. Forty-one participants with emotional disorders received 6 sessions of TBT-PC, with symptoms of depression and anxiety assessed at baseline, immediate post-treatment, and at 3-month follow-up. Medium treatment effects for symptoms of depression and anxiety were evidenced at post-treatment and sustained at follow-up. Treatment feasibility was supported by excellent attendance, treatment completion, and patient satisfaction scores. Together, the present findings provide initial support for TBT-PC in primary care patients with emotional disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Design Factors on Drivers' and Non-Drivers' Comprehension of Variable Message Signs.","authors":"Ana Hernando, Antonio Lucas-Alba, Andrés S Lombas, Maria Teresa Blanch","doi":"10.3390/bs15091288","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines differences in comprehension between drivers and non-drivers when interpreting variable message signs (VMSs) combining three elements-a pictogram, an arrow, and a city name-to indicate temporary traffic events (e.g., \"congestion before Lyon\"). A total of 101 participants (51 non-drivers) were shown VMS displays reporting an event associated with one of four cities and were asked to identify the event's location (before or after the city). The experiment employed a mixed factorial design. Two between-subject factors were included: Driving License (present vs. absent) and Route Listing (present vs. absent). Four within-subject factors were manipulated: Complementary Message (present vs. absent), Landmark Order (bottom-up vs. top-down), Event Location (before vs. after), and Arrow Function (explicit vs. generic). The dependent variable was the accuracy of location identification. The results showed that, for drivers, the most effective combination was bottom-up order with an explicit arrow, followed by bottom-up with a generic arrow, and then top-down with an explicit arrow. For non-drivers, no significant differences were found between these combinations. However, comprehension decreased across both groups when the message used a top-down order and a generic arrow. Overall, the data suggest that the G1c template from the 1968 Convention is not effective for either group. Prior driving experience seems to favor one specific design, the bottom-up order with explicit arrow, while non-drivers perceive all functionally viable options-including that one-as equally valid.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treating Young Refugees with a Grief-Focused Group Therapy-A Feasibility Trial.","authors":"Anna-Maria Rummel, Anna Vogel, Ruth Rossi, Melanie Jacob, Michael Achtner, Julia Schnauder, Rita Rosner, Hannah Comtesse","doi":"10.3390/bs15091285","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The death of a loved one has been identified as one of the most commonly reported traumatic experiences among refugees. This phenomenon can lead to the development of prolonged grief disorder (PGD), for which particularly elevated PGD rates were observed among refugees. Currently, there is no treatment specifically designed for refugees with PGD. Therefore, this study investigates the feasibility of a newly developed grief-focused cognitive behavioral group therapy (G-CBT) for this population. Four young refugees aged 16 to 18 and suffering from PGD were assessed pre, during and after treatment. We found a high comorbidity of PGD, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression at baseline. Among completers, clinician-rated PGD symptom severity decreased clinically significantly at posttreatment and remained stable at the three- and six-month follow-ups. The results indicate good feasibility in an outpatient setting with therapists providing positive feedback. However, larger and controlled studies are needed to prove its efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}