Behavioral Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Landscape Characteristic Perception of Campus on College Students' Mental Restoration.","authors":"Wei Gao, Binglin Martin Tang, Bing Liu","doi":"10.3390/bs15040470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15040470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emerging evidence underscores the beneficial effects of campus green spaces (CGSs) on student well-being and recovery. Previous research has predominantly examined the independent roles of landscape characteristics and preferences in mental restoration. However, limited studies have explored the complex interrelationships among restorative effects, landscape characteristics, preferences, and place-bonding factors, particularly within the context of CGSs. To address this gap, this study developed a validated campus landscape perception scale comprising three dimensions (perception of natural characteristics, perception of artificial characteristics, spatial perception) and 20 related indicators. In the second phase, the scale was used to investigate the influence mechanism of perceived campus landscape characteristics on mental restoration. A total of 36 CGSs across six higher education institutions in Nanjing were selected, representing diverse spatial types. The restoration experiences of 759 participants were measured using psychological indicators when viewing these landscapes. With the help of deep learning techniques, landscape elements were integrated with perceptual factors for partial least squares (PLS)-based statistical analysis. Our findings indicate that the natural and spatial dimensions significantly influence mental restoration, whereas the artificial dimension does not directly impact psychological health. Nevertheless, all dimensions indirectly enhance mental restoration through landscape preference and perceived restorativeness. The study also revealed the moderating effect of objective landscape elements on the relationship between the perception of landscape characteristics and landscape preference. This study confirms the positive role of perceived campus landscape characteristics in fostering mental restoration among students and elucidates the intricate pathway of influence, namely \"perception of landscape characteristics → landscape preference → perceived restorativeness → mental restoration\". These findings offer new insights into the complex processes of environmental restoration, where psychological and physical factors are intertwined. Finally, theoretical and managerial implications for improving landscape planning in restoration research are proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12024156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143969076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical Decision-Making in Education: A Comparative Study of Teachers and Artificial Intelligence in Ethical Dilemmas.","authors":"Neslihan Karakuş, Kerim Gedik, Semin Kazazoğlu","doi":"10.3390/bs15040469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15040469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in education supports long-term educational goals. AI enables learners to engage with ethical issues through simulations and virtual environments, allowing them to experience responsible decision-making in practice. Additionally, it assists administrators and educators in making data-driven decisions, contributing to the more effective formulation of educational policies. This study examines how teachers and AI address ethical educational dilemmas, comparing their decisions based on gender, experience, and education level. A total of 141 public school teachers in Turkey participated in the study, and their responses were compared with AI-generated decisions using Yin's nested multiple-case design. The scenarios were analyzed within the framework of five ethical perspectives: virtue ethics, deontological ethics, utilitarianism, social justice ethics, and situation ethics. AI aligned with teachers in five out of eight ethical dilemmas but differed in three cases, adopting a more analytical and outcome-oriented approach. In contrast, teachers placed greater emphasis on empathy and adherence to ethical principles. These findings highlight the differences in ethical decision-making between AI and teachers, emphasizing the role of AI in fostering ethical responsibility and awareness in education.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12024169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immersive Extended Reality (I-XR) in Medical and Nursing for Skill Competency and Knowledge Acquisition: A Systematic Review and Implications for Pedagogical Practices.","authors":"Jennifer M B Fugate, Michaela J Tonsager, Sheila L Macrine","doi":"10.3390/bs15040468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15040468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Simulation has evolved from basic practice to Immersive Extended Reality (I-XR). This systematic review examined 56 published studies on the impact of I-XR, including virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR), on the education of medical and nursing students, specifically their skill competency, and knowledge acquisition. The results demonstrate the significant potential of I-XR in healthcare education, with 42.5% of VR studies, 42.9% of AR studies, and the single MR study also demonstrating greater improvements in clinical skills and knowledge acquisition compared to non-immersive (non-I-XR) training conditions. In contrast, only 2.5% of VR studies and 7.14% of AR studies favored non-I-XR methods. It is important, however, to acknowledge the 26.8% of studies that showed mixed results (some evidence for the I-XR methods on some outcomes, but also some evidence for the non-I-XR methods, on other outcomes). Notably, the review also identified a critical gap in the theoretical foundations of I-XR learning, highlighting the urgent need for research to inform the effective pedagogical implementation of these powerful tools. We offer a preliminary framework to address the lack of learning theory in healthcare I-XR training, with implications for pedagogical practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12024058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of Responses, Attitudes, and Utilization Behaviors on Generative AI for Teaching and Learning in Higher Education.","authors":"Fan Wu, Yang Dang, Manli Li","doi":"10.3390/bs15040467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15040467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The utilization of Generative AI (GenAI) in higher education classrooms has significantly increased in recent years. Studies show that GenAI holds promise in impacting the learning experiences of both students and teachers, offering personalized learning and assessment opportunities. This study conducts a systematic review of the responses, attitudes, and behaviors related to the application of GenAI within higher education classrooms. To this end, we synthesized 99 papers published between 2020 and August 2024, focusing on the utilization of GenAI in higher education settings. The analysis addresses three key inquiries: responses, attitudes, and behaviors. This systematic review provides an updated understanding from psychological perspectives of GenAI's role in the teaching and learning processes of higher education, with a particular emphasis on GenAI technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12023922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143969522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abrahamic Family or Start-Up Nation?: Competing Messages of Common Identity and Their Effects on Intergroup Prejudice.","authors":"Tsafrir Goldberg, Laila Abo Elhija Sliman","doi":"10.3390/bs15040460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15040460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Just as Israel brands itself as a progressive \"Start-Up Nation\", Israeli citizens increasingly identify as religious. Religion plays an increasing role in intergroup tensions in Israel. Negative effects of religion and its public representations on intergroup attitudes are well researched, but little is known of its positive effects. We ask whether religion can also play a role in improving intergroup attitudes. This study explores the effects of three different public and media representations of shared identity and tolerance on interreligious prejudice among Israeli Muslim adolescents and young adults. The interventions included an interfaith similarities-based common ingroup identity (focusing on shared aspects of Judaism and Islam), a modern national universalistic approach (focusing on religious tolerance), and a modern academic technological identity (highlighting Israel as a \"Start-Up Nation\"). Findings indicate that the interfaith similarities-based intervention had the most substantial impact in reducing prejudice, specifically by decreasing stereotypes and increasing willingness for social encounters. In contrast, the national universalistic and technological identity interventions were less effective, and in some cases even increased perceived threat or failed to mitigate stereotypes. These findings highlight the potential for leveraging interfaith commonalities as a foundation for intergroup prejudice reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12024129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Muñoz-Aucapiña et al. (2025). Psychometric Validation of the Dating Violence Questionnaire (DVQ-R) in Ecuadorians. <i>Behavioral Sciences</i>, <i>15</i>(1), 68.","authors":"Miriam Jacqueline Muñoz-Aucapiña, Rosa Elvira Muñoz-Aucapiña, Inmaculada García-García, María Adelaida Álvarez-Serrano, Ana María Antolí-Jover, Encarnación Martínez-García","doi":"10.3390/bs15040461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15040461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Updating Affiliation</b> [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12024404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Double-Edged Sword Effect of Empathic Concern on Mental Health and Behavioral Outcomes: The Mediating Role of Excessive Adaptation.","authors":"Rui Wang, Xuanyu Zhang, Lixin Zhu, Huina Teng, Dengdeng Zhang, Boyu Qiu","doi":"10.3390/bs15040463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15040463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the complex effects of empathic concern on mental health and behavioral manifestations and the potential indirect paths through excessive adaptation. A cross-sectional design with 1355 participants was employed. Empathic concern, excessive adaptation, prosocial behaviors, reactive aggression, depression, and positive mental health were assessed using established scales. Structural equation modeling and Bayesian linear regression were applied to analyze the paths. For direct paths, empathic concern positively predicted prosocial behaviors and positive mental health, whereas it was negatively related to depression and reactive aggression. For indirect paths, excessive adaptation was found to mediate the relationship between empathic concern and the outcome variables with the exception of positive mental health. By elucidating the mediating role of excessive adaptation, the results herein not only deepen our understanding of the dual effect of empathic concern on mental health and behavioral manifestations but also offer important insights for the medical and educational fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12024002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disappearing Integrative Motivation: A Validated Scale of Motivation for Learners of Southeast Asian Languages.","authors":"Xiaobin Ren, Lin Wang","doi":"10.3390/bs15040464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15040464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to develop and validate a motivation scale specifically designed for university students enrolled in Southeast Asian language programs. Utilizing a thematic analysis of interviews with 28 students, five key motivational dimensions were identified: institutional environment, proficiency demand, self-development planning, social responsibilities, and intrinsic interest. These dimensions informed the construction of an initial scale, which was empirically tested and refined through two rounds of validation. The final 19-item scale covers four core dimensions, excluding intrinsic interest, reflecting the dominance of instrumental motivations in this context. Results highlighted the practical and goal-oriented nature of these motivations, differing from the integrative motivations observed in learners of global languages like English. This study fills a research gap by offering a validated tool for assessing language learning motivation in smaller, regionally significant language programs and provides insights into the unique motivational factors driving these learners.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12024407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Seniors-An Exploratory Semi-Randomized Examination of Decentering Effects on Cognitive Functions and Psychological Distress.","authors":"Ophir Katzenelenbogen, Daniela Aisenberg-Shafran","doi":"10.3390/bs15040466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15040466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The need for psychological treatment in the community, specifically in times of crisis and for those in isolation, calls for finding suitable interventions, especially for older adults. The present study examined the effect of a short mindfulness-based intervention emphasizing a 'decentering' component and an equivalent guided-imagery intervention on cognitive and emotional measures in seniors living in the community. Thirty community seniors (<i>M</i>_age = 74.7) performed either 'decentering' or matched guided-imagery intervention, or care as usual as a control. The 8-week interventions included weekly 20 min sessions and daily 10 min home practice. Participants underwent a cognitive and emotional assessment before and after the interventions, which included filling out questionnaires and performing the cognitive Simon task. The results showed improvements only for intervention groups: cognitively, reduced response time and improved accuracy rate were found in the Simon task. Emotionally, reported depression levels were decreased and an increase in reported positive relationships was found. Our study, hence, introduces two intervention protocols, with promising positive effects on psychological and cognitive status. This contributes evidence-based treatments, easy to deliver in nursing homes or retirement communities, for improving the life quality of older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12024281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Remaining Vigilant\" While \"Enjoying Prosperity\": How Artificial Intelligence Usage Impacts Employees' Innovative Behavior and Proactive Skill Development.","authors":"Jin Qian, Jiaxi Chen, Shuming Zhao","doi":"10.3390/bs15040465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15040465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a crucial element in the competitive advantage of enterprises, it is important to understand how to stimulate employees' creativity and initiative to cope with AI-driven changes. Drawing from the traditional Chinese wisdom of \"remaining vigilant while enjoying prosperity\" and based on the Conservation of Resources Theory, this study explored the impact of AI usage on employees' innovative behavior and proactive skill development. The results of a three-stage survey of 350 questionnaires showed that (1) AI usage positively influences employees' innovative behavior and proactive skill development; (2) job absorption partially mediates the relationship between AI usage and employees' innovative behavior; (3) AI job replacement anxiety partially mediates the relationship between AI usage and proactive skill development; and (4) employees' learning goal orientation positively moderates the impact of AI usage on innovative behavior through job absorption and on proactive skill development through AI job replacement anxiety. This study provides insights into how individuals respond to AI-driven changes and offers a novel perspective for developing research on AI usage at the individual level.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12024141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}