Behavioral Sciences最新文献_第10页

Lookism, a Leak in the Career Pipeline? Career Perspective Consequences of Lookism Climate and Workplace Incivility. 外貌歧视，职业管道中的一个漏洞？从职业角度看外貌协会氛围和工作场所不礼貌行为的后果。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.3390/bs14100883

Miren Chenevert, Cristian Balducci, Michela Vignoli

{"title":"Lookism, a Leak in the Career Pipeline? Career Perspective Consequences of Lookism Climate and Workplace Incivility.","authors":"Miren Chenevert, Cristian Balducci, Michela Vignoli","doi":"10.3390/bs14100883","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14100883","url":null,"abstract":"Despite strides toward gender equality in the workforce, women continue to face significant challenges, including the \"glass ceiling\" and the \"leaky pipeline\", partially stemming from low occupational self-confidence. This study examined whether a climate of lookism leads to workplace mistreatment, undermining employees' perceptions of job competence and career potential, with a focus on gender differences. Using a cross-sectional design, data from 699 Italian workers (42.8% male, 56.3% female) were analyzed through multi-group structural equation modeling. The model explored relationships between lookism climate, workplace incivility, imposter syndrome, and perceived employability. The results revealed a full serial mediation for women; lookism climate was positively related to workplace incivility, which in turn was related to imposter syndrome, negatively impacting perceived employability. For men, no serial mediation was found; lookism climate was directly related to both incivility and imposter syndrome, with no significant relationship between the two. Like women, men experienced a negative relationship between imposter syndrome and perceived employability, yet this relationship was stronger for men. This study highlights that identifying and addressing workplace climates that foster subtle mistreatment can prevent larger issues like the leaky pipeline, suggesting targeted organizational-level intervention and prevention strategies can enhance job competence perceptions and career potential for both genders.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11504073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Workplace Spirituality and Psychological Capital on Elementary School Teachers' Motivation. 职场灵性和心理资本对小学教师工作动力的影响》。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.3390/bs14100881

Shwu-Ming Wu

{"title":"The Impact of Workplace Spirituality and Psychological Capital on Elementary School Teachers' Motivation.","authors":"Shwu-Ming Wu","doi":"10.3390/bs14100881","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14100881","url":null,"abstract":"To improve school quality, it is essential for teachers to play a central role. Teacher efficacy largely depends on strong work motivation, which can be enhanced by fostering workplace spirituality and psychological capital. This study aimed to analyze the demographic differences among elementary school teachers regarding workplace spirituality, psychological capital, and teacher motivation. It also sought to examine the relationships between workplace spirituality, psychological capital, and teacher motivation. Particularly, it aimed to explore the impact of workplace spirituality and psychological capital on teacher motivation. This study included 348 teachers from various elementary schools across Taiwan. Its findings confirmed that the assessments of workplace spirituality, psychological capital, and teacher motivation were both reliable and valid. Male teachers exhibited greater efficacy and resilience in terms of psychological capital compared to their female counterparts. Teachers with more years of experience demonstrated greater efficacy, hope, and psychological capital, while those with fewer years of experience reported higher workplace spirituality. Moreover, workplace spirituality and psychological capital were significantly correlated with teacher motivation. The most influential predictors of teacher motivation were identified as workplace spirituality and psychological capital. As a result, the implication of this study is that school organizations can enhance teacher motivation by promoting workplace spirituality and psychological capital.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11505289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conceptions of Consensual versus Non-Consensual Sexual Activity among Young People from Colombia. 哥伦比亚年轻人对自愿与非自愿性活动的看法。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.3390/bs14100884

Luis Enrique Prieto, Nieves Moyano

{"title":"Conceptions of Consensual versus Non-Consensual Sexual Activity among Young People from Colombia.","authors":"Luis Enrique Prieto, Nieves Moyano","doi":"10.3390/bs14100884","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14100884","url":null,"abstract":"Conceptions or ideas that couples hold about sexual consent could be a key factor in their communication, mutual respect, and the prevention of sexual violence. The multifaceted nature of sexual consent makes it a complex concept. The aim of the present study was to explore individuals' ideas and understanding of sexual intercourse in two distinct contexts: consensual and non-consensual. We used a qualitative approach, adopting the methodology of thematic analysis. In total, 113 surveys obtained from the general population (76.1% women and 23.9% men aged 18 to 59 years) were studied. Two open-ended questions were asked about the general topic of sexual consent, where we distinguished sexual activity in which there is sexual consent vs. no consent. The phases of the thematic analysis approach were applied. For the consensual context, the following themes emerged: mutual reciprocity and respect; open, clear communication and agreements; and awareness and emotional well-being. For the non-consensual context, the following themes emerged: violence and sexual assault, absence and ambiguity of sexual consent, and lack of communication. All of these aspects should be considered in couples' communication and sexual education to facilitate and improve sexual relationships and, in turn, prevent violence and sexual aggression.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11504636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Work-Family Interface Profiles and Their Associations with Personal and Social Factors among South Korean Dual-Earner Parents. 韩国双职工父母的工作-家庭界面特征及其与个人和社会因素的关联。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.3390/bs14100887

Yangmi Lim

{"title":"Work-Family Interface Profiles and Their Associations with Personal and Social Factors among South Korean Dual-Earner Parents.","authors":"Yangmi Lim","doi":"10.3390/bs14100887","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14100887","url":null,"abstract":"The work-family interface literature has focused on a variable-centered approach, and few studies have used a person-centered approach to investigate work-family interface types and their associations with psychosocial factors. This study explored whether distinct work-family interface types could be identified at a dyadic level in dual-earner couples by combining work-family conflict (WFC) and enrichment (WFE) for both parents. It also examined how these couples' comprehensive types of work-family interface were related to psychosocial outcomes. Conducting a latent profile analysis in a sample of 558 dual-earner couples (Mage: 40.43 ± 4.07 years for fathers, 37.97 ± 3.57 years for mothers) with first-grade children in elementary schools participating in the Panel Study on Korean Children, this study identified three work-family interface profiles: Beneficial fathers/Moderate active mothers (fathers reporting low WFC and high WFE/mothers reporting moderate WFC and WFE), Beneficial (both parents reporting low conflict and high enrichment), and Harmful (both parents reporting high conflict and low enrichment). Fathers' education, household income, and social support influenced their membership in work-family interface profiles. Overall, members with Beneficial fathers/Moderate active mothers and Beneficial profiles showed more positive personal and family outcomes than those with Harmful profiles.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11505012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Educational Expectations and Academic Persistence among Rural Adolescents: The Protective Role of High Self-Esteem. 农村青少年的教育期望与学业坚持：高自尊心的保护作用》。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.3390/bs14100888

Feng Zhang, Xiaodan Xu, Wei Peng, Cheng Guo

{"title":"Educational Expectations and Academic Persistence among Rural Adolescents: The Protective Role of High Self-Esteem.","authors":"Feng Zhang, Xiaodan Xu, Wei Peng, Cheng Guo","doi":"10.3390/bs14100888","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14100888","url":null,"abstract":"Rural adolescents are at higher risk of reduced academic persistence due to socioeconomic barriers. Educational expectations are theoretically viewed as important for adolescents' learning behaviors, and cross-sectional research has supported this assumption. However, few longitudinal studies have investigated the influence of educational expectations on adolescents' academic persistence. In addition, research has not clearly identified whether self-esteem moderates this link among adolescents who experience greater economic risk. Using data from two time points (i.e., six months apart), this study aims to provide a more complete understanding of whether, and under what conditions, rural adolescents' educational expectations influence academic persistence. The participants consist of 631 adolescents (Mage = 13.34 years at T1), and all the adolescents are from families with rural household registrations. The results show that the interaction term of educational expectations and self-esteem significantly predicts academic persistence. Specifically, after controlling for baseline academic persistence, educational expectations positively predict later academic persistence for rural adolescents with lower self-esteem, and educational expectations do not significantly predict later academic persistence for those with higher self-esteem. This study reveals the protective role of self-esteem in rural adolescents. High self-esteem benefits rural adolescents by protecting them from the effects of lower educational expectations on academic persistence. This finding also emphasizes the importance of developing self-esteem interventions for rural adolescents with low educational expectations to prevent them from experiencing weaker academic persistence.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11504127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Why Are Young People Willing to Pay for Health? Chained Mediation Effect of Negative Emotions and Information Seeking on Health Risk Perception and Health Consumption Behavior. 为什么年轻人愿意为健康买单？负面情绪和信息寻求对健康风险认知和健康消费行为的连锁中介效应》。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.3390/bs14100879

Jia Li, Yingyi Li

{"title":"Why Are Young People Willing to Pay for Health? Chained Mediation Effect of Negative Emotions and Information Seeking on Health Risk Perception and Health Consumption Behavior.","authors":"Jia Li, Yingyi Li","doi":"10.3390/bs14100879","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14100879","url":null,"abstract":"The perception of health risks can influence people's health behaviors. However, in the context of modern consumer society, few people delve into in-depth discussions on health consumption as a form of health protection behavior. Inspired by the Health Belief Model and Protection Motivation Theory, this study interprets health consumption behavior as a new form of health protection behavior. A survey was conducted on a sample of Chinese youth (N = 885) to explore the mechanisms of action between health risk perception and health consumption behavior using structural equation modeling. The study found that: (1) health risk perception has a significant positive impact on the health consumption behavior of young people; (2) negative emotions and information seeking play mediating roles respectively in the mechanism of the impact of health risk perception on health consumption behavior; and (3) in addition to their individual mediating roles, negative emotions and information seeking behavior collectively play a chained mediation role in this process. Implications of these results, both theoretical and practical, are further discussed.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11504275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Relationship between Resiliency, Psychological Empowerment, and Teacher Burnout across Different Genders: A Psychological Network Analysis. 不同性别教师的复原力、心理授权和职业倦怠之间的关系：心理网络分析

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.3390/bs14100878

Danni Xue, Binghai Sun, Weijian Li, Xinwei Li, Weilong Xiao

{"title":"The Relationship between Resiliency, Psychological Empowerment, and Teacher Burnout across Different Genders: A Psychological Network Analysis.","authors":"Danni Xue, Binghai Sun, Weijian Li, Xinwei Li, Weilong Xiao","doi":"10.3390/bs14100878","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14100878","url":null,"abstract":"Teacher burnout is one of the main reasons leading to decreased teaching performance and occupational mental health issues among teachers, drawing widespread global attention. Previous research has found that both resiliency and psychological empowerment can alleviate teacher burnout, yet there is no study simultaneously examining the relationships between resiliency, PE, and teacher burnout. Furthermore, previous studies have found gender differences in teacher burnout but have not examined the moderating effects of resiliency and psychological empowerment by gender group. Additionally, traditional analytical methods may overlook the compositional connections between these variables. To bridge this gap, we employed psychological network analysis to evaluate the psychological network of teachers with burnout across different genders. Findings indicate: (1) Female teachers exhibit a stronger link between their sense of departmental control and burnout, while male teachers show a stronger connection between solving instructional challenges and burnout. (2) Patience in male teachers' approach to teaching may enhance connections with their environment, and mastering job-relevant skills can boost male teachers' job happiness. (3) Female teachers' \"I feel connected to others\" demonstrates higher bridge centrality. In comparison, male teachers' \"My work is vital to me\" shows higher bridge centrality, indicating deeper connections with other symptom clusters. This study reveals the complex interactions among the factors of teacher burnout and investigates how gender differences influence the associations between these factors and burnout, by not only filling gaps in previous research but also offering new perspectives and strategies for understanding and intervening in teacher burnout, especially in the context of gender differences.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11505325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can Gratitude Help to Craft Your Career? The Role of Prosocial Motivation and Intrinsic Motivation. 感恩能帮助你开创事业吗？亲社会动机和内在动机的作用。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.3390/bs14100877

Qing Zhang, Haibo Yu, Rui Xiong, Xiaolin Ge, Lei Gao

{"title":"Can Gratitude Help to Craft Your Career? The Role of Prosocial Motivation and Intrinsic Motivation.","authors":"Qing Zhang, Haibo Yu, Rui Xiong, Xiaolin Ge, Lei Gao","doi":"10.3390/bs14100877","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14100877","url":null,"abstract":"Career crafting offers a new approach for individuals to cope with changing career situations. However, few studies have focused on personality-related antecedents that stably predict career proactivity. Additionally, as individuals' careers are embedded in various social relationships, career crafting involves significant social interaction. Our study focuses on gratitude, which is related to social interaction, suggesting that gratitude fosters an appreciation for interpersonal relationships, providing a beneficial impetus for career crafting. A quantitative approach was adopted with a three-wave survey with 825 responses, and SPSS 26 and Mplus 8.3 were used as the analytical software for confirmatory factor analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, and path analysis. We conducted an empirical examination employing a moderated mediation model grounded in the framework of proactive motivation. The results revealed a positive correlation between gratitude and career crafting, with prosocial motivation mediating this relationship. Simultaneously, intrinsic motivation moderated the relationship between prosocial motivation and career crafting. Our study emphasizes gratitude's role in career crafting and explores how it, along with prosocial motivations, drives proactive behaviors, responding to calls for relational work redesign and examining interactions between intrinsic and prosocial motivations in careers. It has important practical implications for individuals, organizations, and career counselors.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11504681/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining the Role of Neuroticism Polygenic Risk in Late Life Cognitive Change: A UK Biobank Study. 研究神经质多基因风险在晚年认知变化中的作用：英国生物数据库研究

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-29 DOI: 10.3390/bs14100876

Niki Akbarian, Mahbod Ebrahimi, Fernanda C Dos Santos, Sara Sadat Afjeh, Mohamed Abdelhack, Marcos Sanches, Andreea O Diaconescu, Tarek K Rajji, Daniel Felsky, Clement C Zai, James L Kennedy

{"title":"Examining the Role of Neuroticism Polygenic Risk in Late Life Cognitive Change: A UK Biobank Study.","authors":"Niki Akbarian, Mahbod Ebrahimi, Fernanda C Dos Santos, Sara Sadat Afjeh, Mohamed Abdelhack, Marcos Sanches, Andreea O Diaconescu, Tarek K Rajji, Daniel Felsky, Clement C Zai, James L Kennedy","doi":"10.3390/bs14100876","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14100876","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive decline is a public health concern affecting about 50 million individuals worldwide. Neuroticism, defined as the trait disposition to experience intense and frequent negative emotions, has been associated with an increased risk of late-life cognitive decline. However, the underlying biological mechanisms of this association remain unknown. This study investigated the relationship between genetic predisposition to neuroticism, computed by polygenic risk score (PRS), and performance in cognitive domains of reasoning, processing speed, visual attention, and memory in individuals over age 60. The sample consisted of UK Biobank participants with genetic and cognitive data available (N = 10,737, 4686 females; mean age = 63.4 ± 2.71). The cognitive domains were assessed at baseline for all participants and seven years later for a subset (N = 645, 262 females; mean age = 62.9 ± 2.44). Neuroticism PRS was not associated cross-sectionally with cognitive measures (p > 0.05). However, the trajectory of change for processing speed (β = 0.020; 95% CI = [0.006, 0.035], adjusted p = 0.0148), visual attention (β = -0.077; 95% CI = [-0.0985, -0.0553], adjusted p = 1.412 × 10-11), and memory (β = -0.033; 95% CI = [-0.0535, -0.0131], adjusted p = 0.005) was significantly associated with neuroticism PRS. Specifically, a higher genetic predisposition to neuroticism was associated with less decline in these cognitive domains. This trend persisted after sensitivity analysis using complete cases, although it only remained nominally significant for visual attention.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11504883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perception Matters: The Influence of School Ethnic Racial Context on Ethnic Racial Identity Development for Black Adolescents. 认知很重要：学校种族民族背景对黑人青少年种族民族认同感发展的影响》（The Influence of School Ethnic Racial Context on Ethnic Racial Identity Development for Black Adolescents）。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.3390/bs14100872

Amirah Saafir, Sandra Graham

引用次数: 0