Behavioral Sciences最新文献_第2页

Teacher Violence and Student Wellbeing in Rural Sierra Leone: Longitudinal Dynamics Across Primary Schooling. 塞拉利昂农村地区的教师暴力与学生福祉：小学教育阶段的纵向动态。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.3390/bs14111106

Giulio D'Urso, Jennifer Symonds, Seaneen Sloan, Daniel Capistrano, Elena Samonova, Dympna Devine, Ciaran Sugrue

{"title":"Teacher Violence and Student Wellbeing in Rural Sierra Leone: Longitudinal Dynamics Across Primary Schooling.","authors":"Giulio D'Urso, Jennifer Symonds, Seaneen Sloan, Daniel Capistrano, Elena Samonova, Dympna Devine, Ciaran Sugrue","doi":"10.3390/bs14111106","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14111106","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored the longitudinal dynamics of teacher violence and student wellbeing in rural Sierra Leone, West Africa. The participants, totaling 3170 children with an age range of 5 years to 11 years, were cluster-sampled from a large geographic area to ensure gender balance and representation from diverse linguistic backgrounds and religious affiliations. They were drawn from the Safe Learning Study, which spanned over 5 years and involved 100 schools in rural Sierra Leone. Data collection took place in four waves from November 2018 to May 2021. Participants completed self-report questionnaires pertaining to psychological wellbeing and experiences of violence from teachers. The study employed a random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RICLPM) to examine the relationship between violence and mental health across waves. Across children, a relationship between teacher violence and student wellbeing was observed over time. However, for individual children, higher wellbeing predicted lower instances of violence, and vice versa, although to a weak extent. These findings highlight the complex interplay between violence and wellbeing within the cultural sample. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of the social dynamics surrounding violence and wellbeing, informing targeted interventions and policy initiatives aimed at creating safer and healthier environments for at-risk populations.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11591226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142725229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Self-Transcendence on Anxiety Among Chinese College Students: The Moderating Roles of Self-Enhancement and Dominant Self-Construal. 自我超越对中国大学生焦虑的影响：自我提升和主导性自我概念的调节作用

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.3390/bs14111105

Hong Wang, Tong Yue, Huajun Luo

引用次数: 0

Intensive Treatment of Chronic Pain and PTSD: The PATRIOT Program. 慢性疼痛和创伤后应激障碍的强化治疗：爱国者计划

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.3390/bs14111103

John D Otis, Jonathan S Comer, Terence M Keane, Erica Checko Scioli, Donna B Pincus

{"title":"Intensive Treatment of Chronic Pain and PTSD: The PATRIOT Program.","authors":"John D Otis, Jonathan S Comer, Terence M Keane, Erica Checko Scioli, Donna B Pincus","doi":"10.3390/bs14111103","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14111103","url":null,"abstract":"Military combat can result in the need for comprehensive care related to both physical and psychological trauma, most commonly chronic pain and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These conditions tend to co-occur and result in high levels of distress and interference in everyday life. Thus, it is imperative to develop effective, time-efficient treatments for these conditions before they become chronic and resistant to change. We developed and pilot-tested the Pain and Trauma Intensive Outpatient Treatment (PATRIOT) Program, a brief, intensive (3 weeks, six sessions) integrated chronic pain and PTSD treatment. An overview and session-by-session outline of the PATRIOT Program is provided, followed by results from the first pilot evaluation of the PATRIOT Program's feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy in a sample of eight participating Veterans with comorbid chronic pain and PTSD. There were no treatment dropouts. At post-treatment, there were significant reductions in PTSD symptoms based on the Clinician-Administered Assessment of PTSD (CAPS). Pain and catastrophic thinking also decreased from pre- to post-treatment. With continued investigations and support, the PATRIOT Program may offer a brief, cost-effective, and more easily accessible treatment option for individuals who could benefit from learning skills to manage pain and PTSD more effectively.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11591445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142725248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metacognition About Collaborative Learning: Students' Beliefs Are Inconsistent with Their Learning Preferences. 关于协作学习的元认知：学生的信念与他们的学习偏好不一致。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.3390/bs14111104

Yunfeng Wei, Nicholas C Soderstrom, Michelle L Meade, Brandon G Scott

{"title":"Metacognition About Collaborative Learning: Students' Beliefs Are Inconsistent with Their Learning Preferences.","authors":"Yunfeng Wei, Nicholas C Soderstrom, Michelle L Meade, Brandon G Scott","doi":"10.3390/bs14111104","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14111104","url":null,"abstract":"Collaboration plays an important role in educational contexts. However, little is known about students' metacognitive beliefs about collaboration. The present study used an online survey to investigate students' beliefs toward group study/recall, their studying preferences, strategies they use when studying individually and in groups, and important characteristics of their group members. Results indicate that, although students generally perceive collaboration as beneficial, they prefer individual study, indicating that their beliefs are inconsistent with their learning preferences. Students report social learning as the primary reason for collaborative benefits but prefer to study alone to minimize distraction and increase personal accountability. Further, they use different strategies when studying individually or in a group. When studying individually, students most frequently report re-reading their notes. However, when studying in groups, students most frequently use strategies emphasizing collaboration and interaction, such as quizzing each other. Also, students prefer to work with group members who are focused, motivated, and hard working. Students' beliefs, preferences, and favored characteristics of group members are related to their frequency of using study groups. Students' metacognitive beliefs about collaboration have implications for theories of self-regulated learning and better use of collaboration in educational contexts.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11591187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142725298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Teachers' Roles in Coping with School Violence from the Perspectives of Prospective Teachers: A Q Methodological Approach. 从未来教师的角度看教师在应对校园暴力中的角色：一种 Q 方法。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.3390/bs14111099

Taeeun Shim, Cheolhae Ye

{"title":"Teachers' Roles in Coping with School Violence from the Perspectives of Prospective Teachers: A Q Methodological Approach.","authors":"Taeeun Shim, Cheolhae Ye","doi":"10.3390/bs14111099","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14111099","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores prospective teachers' perceptions of school violence and their role in addressing it. Using a mixed method called Q methodology, we quantitatively analyzed the subjective views of 37 prospective teachers. Based on 33 statements, the study categorizes teachers' roles in managing school violence and analyzes the characteristics of each role type. The research results provide basic data for prospective teachers to develop their capabilities as experts in dealing with school violence. The study identifies the following three types of teachers: prevention-oriented (Type 1), reality-avoiding (Type 2), and legal-regulation-oriented (Type 3). Type 1 emphasizes that teachers can significantly prevent school violence and believes that trusting relationships between teachers and students are key to reducing school violence. Type 2 teachers tend to ignore school violence out of fear of harm, even though they acknowledge its seriousness. Type 3 emphasizes the strict enforcement of legal responsibilities and rules, believing that clear regulations and punishments are essential for reducing school violence. This study highlights the need for customized educational programs that reflect the characteristics of different teacher types in handling school violence. It suggests incorporating practical strategies for preventing and responding to school violence in teacher training, expanding mental-health education, and promoting cooperative conflict-resolution methods between students and teachers.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11591252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142725231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Father-Love Absence on Subjective Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Hope. 父爱缺失对主观幸福感的影响：希望的中介作用

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.3390/bs14111097

Wang Peng, Rui Hu, Yanhui Xiang

{"title":"Effect of Father-Love Absence on Subjective Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Hope.","authors":"Wang Peng, Rui Hu, Yanhui Xiang","doi":"10.3390/bs14111097","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14111097","url":null,"abstract":"Father love is recognized as an important factor in personal development. While previous research has extensively examined the adverse effects of father-love absence on subjective well-being, it is important to note that these studies often treated subjective well-being as a singular, overarching construct, potentially limiting validity and comprehensiveness compared to a bi-factor model. Consequently, this study aimed to establish a bi-factor model of subjective well-being and investigate its association with father-love absence, considering the mediating role of hope within the theoretical framework of resilience. The study employed a weekly diary method to explore the dynamic adverse effects of father-love absence on weekly subjective well-being, highlighting hope's role in mitigating these negative impacts. Utilizing a weekly survey method with 470 participants over seven consecutive weeks, multilevel regression modeling revealed that father-love absence significantly and negatively impacts subjective well-being. Further, multilevel mediation modeling demonstrated the mediating role of hope within the resilience framework. This research has significant theoretical and practical implications for enhancing adolescent well-being through increased father involvement in parenting.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11591120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142725329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Matching Is Best: Enhancing Effects of Future Orientation and Construal Level on Green Consumption. 匹配是最好的：未来导向和构想水平对绿色消费的增强效应。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.3390/bs14111100

Yidi Chen, Qinxin Liu, Shuyu Shan, Cancan Jin

{"title":"Matching Is Best: Enhancing Effects of Future Orientation and Construal Level on Green Consumption.","authors":"Yidi Chen, Qinxin Liu, Shuyu Shan, Cancan Jin","doi":"10.3390/bs14111100","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14111100","url":null,"abstract":"The 2024 Report on the Work of the Chinese Government promotes trade in consumer goods and green consumption. Therefore, better understanding is needed of consumer attitudes and behaviors toward environmental protection and sustainable development. The relationships among future orientation, construal level, and green consumption were explored using a delayed-effect design to conduct two surveys at one-month intervals with 160 participants (100 women and 60 men). The results showed that (1) future orientation positively predicted green consumption intention and green consumption behavior, and (2) the construal level significantly moderated the influence of future orientation on green consumption. Specifically, a high construal level and high future orientation predicted the greatest green consumption intention, green consumption behavior, and green consumption decisions, while at a high construal level, future orientation positively predicted green consumption intention and behavior, with a greater tendency to purchase environmentally friendly rather than hedonic products. At a low construal level, future orientation had no significant effect on green consumption intention, behavior, and intention to purchase environmentally friendly products. This study is important for promoting public awareness of the importance of green consumption and encouraging green consumption behaviors to achieve the goals of sustainable development and protect the environment and social well-being.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11591503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142725297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effects of Post-Warm-Up Active and Passive Rest Periods on a Vigilance Task in Karate Athletes. 热身后主动和被动休息时间对空手道运动员警觉性任务的影响

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.3390/bs14111102

Rui Miguel Silva, Francisco González-Fernández, Alba Rusillo-Magdaleno, Vânia Loureiro, Dinis Pires, Filipe Ferreira, Ana Filipa Silva

{"title":"The Effects of Post-Warm-Up Active and Passive Rest Periods on a Vigilance Task in Karate Athletes.","authors":"Rui Miguel Silva, Francisco González-Fernández, Alba Rusillo-Magdaleno, Vânia Loureiro, Dinis Pires, Filipe Ferreira, Ana Filipa Silva","doi":"10.3390/bs14111102","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14111102","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to analyze how active versus passive rest periods after a warm-up influence performance in psychomotor vigilance tasks (PVT). Twenty amateur karate athletes participated in a randomized cross-over study consisting of two sessions with either a 20 min active rest involving kata techniques or passive rest. PVT was administered before and after these conditions to assess the changes in reaction time. The results revealed that the active rest condition significantly improved reaction times compared to both the passive rest condition (F(1,31) = 5.34, p = 0.03, η2 partial = 0.14) and control condition (F(1,31) = 5.49, p = 0.02, η2 partial = 0.15). No significant time-on-task effects were observed, F(4,120) = 2.31, p = 0.06, and there were no significant interactions between effort condition and time-on-task, F(4,120) = 1.89, p = 0.11). Participating in an active rest period post-warm-up improves cognitive performance in karate athletes, as evidenced by quicker reaction times in the PVT. This finding supports the use of active rest strategies (involving kata techniques) to maintain and improve cognitive readiness in young karate athletes.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142725187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social Reintegration Experiences of Young Adult Cancer Survivors. 年轻的成年癌症幸存者重新融入社会的经历。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.3390/bs14111101

Ji Seong Yi, Song Yi Lee

{"title":"Social Reintegration Experiences of Young Adult Cancer Survivors.","authors":"Ji Seong Yi, Song Yi Lee","doi":"10.3390/bs14111101","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14111101","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses the Q methodology to investigate the subjective perceptions of social reintegration among cancer survivors in their 20s and 30s. We organised a Q population through a pilot study and interviews and finalised 40 Q sample items. For P sample representativeness, we used purposive sampling and selected 12 individuals by age and cancer type. After a Q sorting process, we conducted a key factor analysis using Ken-Q Analysis Desktop Edition. We identified four types of P samples based on their perceptions and noted the main characteristics of each type. We characterised Type 1 as \"recovery of presence through social reintegration seeking\", Type 2 as \"confusion in social reintegration due to social prejudices\", Type 3 as \"psychosocial support in the process of social reintegration\", and Type 4 as \"blessing in disguise for post-traumatic growth\". The results suggest a need for practical and institutional support reflecting cancer survivors' characteristics by type. This study provides basic data that researchers could use to develop coaching and counselling services to support the social reintegration of cancer survivors in their 20s and 30s.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting Eysenck: The Association Between Personality and Acute Stress Reactivity. 重新审视艾森克：人格与急性压力反应性之间的关联。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.3390/bs14111098

Max J Marshall, Katlyn Peck, Robin Hunter, Julia Totosy de Zepetnek, Alexandra J Fiocco

{"title":"Revisiting Eysenck: The Association Between Personality and Acute Stress Reactivity.","authors":"Max J Marshall, Katlyn Peck, Robin Hunter, Julia Totosy de Zepetnek, Alexandra J Fiocco","doi":"10.3390/bs14111098","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs14111098","url":null,"abstract":"Eysenck's biopsychological model of stress posits that the extraversion-introversion distinction is associated with different thresholds of arousal, which in turn moderate the stress response. Although higher thresholds of activation have been reported in the context of physiological stress induction, more contemporary research has resulted in mixed findings. The objective of the current study was to revisit Eysenck's biopsychological model of stress by examining associations between the two personality dimensions (extraversion-introversion and neuroticism-stability) and stress reactivity in response to the Trier Social Stress Test. A total of 122 participants aged 18 to 80 years were recruited. Participants completed a battery of questionnaires, including a personality questionnaire, and were exposed to the TSST, during which salivary cortisol and galvanic skin responses (GSR) were recorded. People scoring higher on extraversion displayed heightened GSR relative to people scoring lower on extraversion. Furthermore, sex-based analyses suggest that this association was driven by females. No significant associations were found for cortisol or with respect to the neuroticism-stability dimension of personality. These findings highlight the need to take a more nuanced approach to investigating the association between personality and stress reactivity, highlighting the importance of the stress induction protocol and the stress-sensitive system under investigation.","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11591114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142725324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0