Behavioral Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Perceptions and Technostress in Staff Radiologists: The Mediating Role of Artificial Intelligence Acceptance and the Moderating Role of Self-Efficacy.","authors":"Giovanni Di Stefano, Sergio Salerno, Domenica Matranga, Manuela Lodico, Dario Monzani, Valeria Seidita, Roberto Cannella, Laura Maniscalco, Silvana Miceli","doi":"10.3390/bs15091276","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined how perceptions of artificial intelligence (AI) relate to technostress in healthcare professionals, testing whether AI acceptance mediates this relationship and whether self-efficacy moderates the formation of acceptance. Seventy-one participants completed measures of Perceptions of AI (Shinners), AI Acceptance (UTAUT), Self-Efficacy, and four technostress outcomes: Technostress Overall, Techno-Overload, Techno-Complexity/Insecurity, and Techno-Uncertainty. Conditional process analyses (PROCESS Model 7; 5000 bootstrap samples) were performed controlling for sex, age (years), and professional role (radiology residents, attending radiologists, PhD researchers). Perceptions of AI were directly and positively associated with Technostress Overall (b = 0.57, <i>p</i> = 0.003), Techno-Overload (b = 0.58, <i>p</i> = 0.008), and Techno-Complexity/Insecurity (b = 0.83, <i>p</i> < 0.001), but not with Techno-Uncertainty (b = -0.02, <i>p</i> = 0.930). AI Acceptance negatively predicted the same three outcomes (e.g., Technostress Overall b = -0.55, <i>p</i> = 0.004), and conditional indirect effects indicated significant negative mediation at low, mean, and high self-efficacy for these three outcomes. Self-efficacy moderated the Perceptions → Acceptance path (interaction b = -0.165, <i>p</i> = 0.028), with a stronger X→M effect at lower self-efficacy, but indices of moderated mediation were not significant for any outcome. The results suggest that perceptions of AI exert both demand-like direct effects and buffering indirect effects via acceptance; implementation should therefore foster acceptance, build competence, and address workload and organizational clarity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships Between Psychological Health and Academic Performance Among Undergraduate Students in the Third Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ram Lakhan, Maribel Vergara, Zoe Moore, Manoj Sharma","doi":"10.3390/bs15091281","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic increased mental health issues and heavily affected the academic performance of college students. The study aimed to assess the association of psychological health and behavioral factors with academic performance among undergraduate students during the third year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was conducted at a small liberal arts undergraduate college in rural Appalachia. A cross-sectional research design was followed. Data was collected online using Qualtrics in person in July 2021. Participants were selected randomly. World Health Organization-5, Perceived Stress Scale 4, The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and Patient Health Questionnaire scales for well-being, stress, sleep quality, anxiety, and depression were used, respectively. Spearman's correlation, <i>t</i>-test, analysis of variance, and multiple regression were conducted. Overall well-being, perceived stress, generalized anxiety, depression, and sleep quality were found to be significantly different by gender and exercise. The Grade Point Average (GPA) was found to be negatively associated with depression and positively associated with Sleep quality. Findings suggest that students who have scored higher on the depression and sleep quality scale may be affected more during this COVID-19 pandemic in maintaining a good GPA. The findings of this study can help generate hypotheses for further research and guide interventions to address poor academic performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145173052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational Deviance Among University Counselors in China: The Negative Predictive Role of Professional Identity and the Moderating Effect of Self-Control.","authors":"Tiantian Chen, Xianjun Luan, Shenghong Dong","doi":"10.3390/bs15091278","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>University counselors in China are anticipated to demonstrate professional conduct as an integral aspect of their vocational responsibilities. Although the existing literature primarily emphasizes normative professional behaviors, there is a notable scarcity of research examining occupational deviance, which is largely attributed to inadequate external regulatory mechanisms. Consequently, a significant gap persists in comprehending the subjective perspectives of counselors within this framework. This study seeks to explore the negative predictive influence of professional identity on occupational deviance among university counselors, as well as to assess the moderating role of self-control in this relationship. In October 2024, a total of 363 full-time undergraduate counselors were recruited using the convenience cluster sampling method. Validated scales assessing occupational deviance, professional identity, and self-control were utilized in this study. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed using the PROCESS macro to test the moderating effect. The mean score for occupational deviance was 2.553 ± 1.230, and the detection rate was 14.05%. A significant negative correlation was observed between professional identity and occupational deviance (r = -0.599, <i>p</i> < 0.01). After adjusting for demographic variables, professional identity was identified as a predictor of a decrease in deviance (<i>β</i> = -0.477, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Furthermore, self-control was found to negatively moderate the relationship between professional identity and occupational deviance (<i>β</i> = -0.171, <i>p</i> < 0.001), explaining 2.8% of the variance in occupational deviance (Δ<i>R</i>² = 0.028). Occupational deviance among counselors is observed to occur at relatively low levels. Professional identity significantly and negatively predicts occupational deviance, while self-control enhances this negative relationship. This study provides novel theoretical perspectives and practical insights intended to standardize the management of occupational behaviors among university counselors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145173065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gaze and Evaluative Behavior of Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder in an Affective Priming Task.","authors":"Taavi Wenk, Michele Bartusch, Carolin Webelhorst, Anette Kersting, Charlott Maria Bodenschatz, Thomas Suslow","doi":"10.3390/bs15091268","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with alterations in emotion processing. To date, no study has tested automatic emotion perception under conditions of unawareness of emotion stimuli. We administered a priming paradigm based on facial expressions and measured judgmental and gaze behavior during an evaluation task. A total of 31 patients with BPD and 31 non-patients (NPs) viewed a briefly shown emotional (angry, fearful, sad, or happy) or neutral face followed by a neutral facial expression (target). Areas of interest (AOI) were the eyes and the mouth. All participants included in our analysis were subjectively unaware of the emotional primes. Concerning evaluative ratings, no prime effects were observed. For early dwell time, a significant interaction between prime category and AOI was found. Both BPD patients and NPs dwelled longer on the eyes after the presentation of angry and fearful primes than of happy primes and dwelled longer on the mouth after the presentation of happy primes than of sad and neutral primes. Patients rated target faces more negatively. BPD patients, when compared to NPs, seem not to show alterations in automatic attention orienting due to covert facial emotions. Regardless of primes, individuals with BPD seem to be characterized by an increased negative interpretation of neutral facial expressions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking the Cycle: How Coping and Flexibility Disrupt the Link Between Kinesiophobia and Rumination in Athletes.","authors":"Osman Pepe, Mehmet Behzat Turan, İbrahim Dalbudak, Berat Koçyiğit, Gül Bahar Bayıroğlu, Melih Balyan, Olcay Mülazımoğlu, Sevim Kır","doi":"10.3390/bs15091271","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to examine the relationship between Kinesiophobia and Rumination in athletes, and to reveal the mediating roles of Coping Responses and Psychological Flexibility in this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three hundred ninety licensed athletes, including 225 females and 165 males, voluntarily participated in the study. Participants were selected through simple random sampling from various sports clubs across Turkey. During the data collection, participants were contacted online. They completed the personal ınformation form, the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, the Sport Competition Rumination Scale, the Psychological Flexibility Scale, and the Coping Responses Inventory. IBM SPSS 26 and PROCESS Macro Model 4.0 were used for data analysis. In addition to descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, linear regression, and mediation analyses were conducted. The adequacy of the sample size was evaluated using G*Power (v 3.1). The Bootstrap method with 5000 resamples and a 95% confidence interval was applied in the mediation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study's findings indicated that kinesiophobia significantly predicted levels of rumination among athletes, and that both psychological flexibility and coping responses partially mediated this relationship. Although both variables were functional in reducing ruminative thinking, coping responses demonstrated a more potent effect. The results suggest that the tendency to avoid movement affects physical and cognitive processes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It was concluded that psychological flexibility and coping responses are protective factors in reducing repetitive negative thought patterns in athletes. In this regard, it is recommended that holistic intervention programs aimed at enhancing psychological resilience be developed to support mental health and athletic performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychotherapeutic Treatment of Attachment Trauma in Musicians with Severe Music Performance Anxiety.","authors":"Dianna Kenny","doi":"10.3390/bs15091270","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this paper is to contribute to the further development of a coherent theory of music performance anxiety (MPA) and its treatment. I have previously proposed three forms of MPA-focal, MPA with social anxiety, and MPA with panic and/or depression. An attachment disorder was proposed as a possible underlying psychopathology for this third type of MPA. Accordingly, open-ended in-depth assessment interviews of three professional musicians presenting with severe MPA that included panic attacks and depressed mood were analyzed from an attachment theory perspective. Two of these musicians participated in short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy. It was hypothesized that the musical performance setting re-triggers unprocessed feelings related to early attachment trauma, and that performance anxiety can be a manifestation of the emergence into consciousness of these powerful early feelings. As hypothesized, severely anxious musicians suffered both early and current relational trauma that was expressed through symptomatology in their MPA manifestations. The assessment interview of the first musician demonstrated how MPA can arise in the midst of other challenging current life circumstances that re-trigger feelings about early attachment failures and the importance of taking a full life history from severely performance-anxious musicians. Excerpts from the two musicians' short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy demonstrated resolution of their severe MPA. Failure to identify and treat underlying attachment disorders in severely anxious musicians may render other forms of treatment ineffective or short-lived.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White Participants' Perceptions of Implicit Bias Interventions in U.S. Courts.","authors":"Megan L Lawrence, Kristen L Gittings, Sara N Thomas, Rose E Eerdmans, Valerie P Hans, John E Campbell, Jessica M Salerno","doi":"10.3390/bs15091269","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> U.S. courts have implemented interventions educating jurors about implicit bias, although evidence for their effectiveness remains limited. We explored public perceptions of these interventions that might influence their ability to improve trial fairness and identified psychological factors predicting such perceptions. <b>Hypotheses:</b> We hypothesized that certain psychological factors (i.e., political conservatism, psychological reactance, skepticism toward social scientists, implicit and explicit racial bias, advantaged-group identity management strategies) would predict support for implicit bias interventions in courts. <b>Method:</b> White participants (<i>N</i> = 1016)-some of whom watched an implicit bias intervention in one of two formats (educational video, judicial instructions)-provided their perceptions of implicit bias interventions, evaluated the intervention they watched (if applicable), and completed individual difference measures. <b>Results:</b> Overall, participants supported implicit bias interventions in both formats. However, political conservatism and other hypothesized individual difference measures were associated with less favorable perceptions. We further explored participants' perspectives via a thematic content analysis of open-ended impressions of the interventions. <b>Conclusions:</b> Courts are adopting implicit bias interventions despite mixed research regarding their effectiveness and a limited understanding of how they are perceived. Our findings suggest that White participants generally favor these interventions and offer insight into the nuances of their perceptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Impact of Blended Learning vs. Online Learning on Learners' Performance: Perspective of Self-Determination Theory.","authors":"Qing Yu, Kun Yu, Jiyao Wang","doi":"10.3390/bs15091263","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After the COVID-19 pandemic, online and blended learning (BL) have been very popular worldwide. They have become as important as face-to-face (F2F) learning. Previous meta-analyses examined the effects of BL and online learning (OL) compared to F2F learning. However, there is no meta-analytic evidence on the effects of BL vs. OL. Which is more effective: BL or OL? So, this study compares the impact of BL and OL based on 37 empirical articles (2000-2024) via meta-analysis. The results suggest that BL has a positive upper-medium effect on student learning outcomes (<i>SMD</i> = 0.611, <i>p</i> < 0.001), especially on cognitive outcomes (<i>SMD</i> = 0.698, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and affective outcomes (<i>SMD</i> = 0.533, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Moreover, moderator analysis finds that BL's effects are better than OL (1) for a class size of 0~50 students (2) for K-12 and university students (3) within 3 months of intervention (4) on non-STEM subjects (5) with different teachers (6) with 30%~69% proportion of OL (7) using mixed interaction (8) with mixed and group learning (9) on Asian students. Moreover, the results provide valuable suggestions for educators and researchers to improve BL's practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which Matters More: Intention or Outcome? The Asymmetry of Moral Blame and Moral Praise.","authors":"Zhi-Meng Li, Lin Xiao, Hong-Yue Sun","doi":"10.3390/bs15091265","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the asymmetrical effects of intentions and outcomes on moral blame and praise within scenarios involving harm and help. By manipulating self-other perspective differences and the severity of outcomes, it further explored their moderating roles in these asymmetrical effects. The key findings include the following: (1) Intention and outcome asymmetrically influenced moral blame and praise: moral blame prioritized intentions, whereas moral praise emphasized outcomes. (2) Self-other perspectives moderated the asymmetric effects of behavioural intentions and outcomes on moral blame but did not moderate the asymmetric effect on moral praise: from the perspective of others, blame tended to focus on intentions, while the self-perspective prioritized outcomes. (3) Outcome severity moderated the effect of behavioural intentions on moral blame and moral praise. Compared to severe outcomes, intention was a stronger predictor of blame and praise when the outcome was minor; however, this moderating effect was specifically observed for moral blame from others' perspectives and for moral praise from self-perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotional and Subsequent Behavioral Responses After Unethical Pro-Organizational Behavior: A Meta-Analysis Based Systematic Review.","authors":"Lemei Zou, Yixiang Wang, Chuanjun Liu","doi":"10.3390/bs15091266","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15091266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>UPB elicits various and heterogeneous subsequent behaviors through positive and negative emotions, a phenomenon that warrants a comprehensive meta-analysis. This study synthesized 34 studies from both English and Chinese databases (49 independent samples, <i>N</i> = 83,810), published between 2016 and 2024. The results reveal that positive emotions (e.g., pride, psychological entitlement) trigger the moral licensing effect of rationalizing further unethical conduct and the conscientiousness effect of enhancing organizational identification and promoting positive behaviors. Conversely, negative emotions (e.g., guilt, shame) drive the moral cleansing effect of motivating reparative moral behaviors. Additionally, negative emotions can also lead to the moral slippery slope effect of inducing unethical conduct. Moreover, moral disengagement was identified as a self-regulatory mechanism that permeates this entire process, enabling employees to navigate the moral conflicts arising from UPB. This study uncovers the dual nature of UPB from an emotional perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}