Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy最新文献

{"title":"Validity of the Turkish version of the Short Form Expanded Posttraumatic Growth Inventory: Its relationships with psychological flexibility, sense of coherence, and meaning-based coping.","authors":"Bilal Kaya, Ahmet Keskin, Fulya Cenkseven Önder","doi":"10.1037/tra0002189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0002189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Measuring posttraumatic growth in a culturally sensitive manner is essential for identifying and accurately assessing the positive changes experienced after trauma. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Short Form of the Expanded Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Turkish version. It also aimed to examine the mediating roles of sense of coherence and meaning-based coping in the relationship between psychological flexibility and posttraumatic growth.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Study I examined factor structure and item properties using exploratory factor analysis and item response theory. Study II tested the structure and criterion validity via confirmatory factor and correlation analyses. Study III used PROCESS macro to examine serial mediation by sense of coherence and meaning-based coping.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exploratory factor analysis supported a 10-item, one-factor structure, and item response theory analyses indicated moderate to high item discrimination with appropriate difficulty levels. The Short Form of the Expanded Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Turkish version demonstrated high internal consistency. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the one-factor structure with good model fit, and correlation analyses supported criterion validity. Mediation analysis revealed that sense of coherence and meaning-based coping served as serial mediators in the relationship between psychological flexibility and posttraumatic growth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide initial evidence for the validity of the Short Form of the Expanded Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Turkish version. Furthermore, this study suggests that psychological flexibility may promote posttraumatic growth by enhancing a sense of coherence and meaning-based coping. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147841949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and initial validation of the Parent-Child War-Dialogue Scale (PACWAD).","authors":"Maayan Shorer, Lee Roded, Gal Rotblit, Adi Podoler, Oren Ron, Stav Bar Frid, Ofek Kloss, Ortal Buhnick Atzil, Lilac Lev-Ari","doi":"10.1037/tra0002190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0002190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study introduces the Parent-Child War-Dialogue Scale, which assesses parents' dialogue style, content, and frequency in the context of coexperienced ongoing war.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We employed an iterative, systematic mixed methods approach to scale development, including item generation guided by a literature review, expert review, qualitative analysis of open-ended questions, and a test pilot with 137 Israeli caregivers during an ongoing war. This was followed by creating an improved version of the Parent-Child War-Dialogue Scale and a second survey with 372 caregivers of children aged 6-12 years to assess its psychometric properties.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a three-factor model of war-related dialogue styles: modulated disclosure, silencing, and unfiltered speech. This structure demonstrated strong psychometric properties, including acceptable-to-good internal consistency for all subscales, robust convergent validity with theoretically related measures of parent-child communication, and significant correlations with the dialogue content scales and parental perceived stress.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Parent-Child War-Dialogue Scale is a feasible measure that promotes a more comprehensive and detailed understanding of parent-child conversations about war and supports further exploration of their contribution to children's adjustment during wartime. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147841957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimism and self-efficacy as mediators between social inclusion and posttraumatic growth following national trauma.","authors":"Vered Ne'eman-Haviv, Maya Kagan","doi":"10.1037/tra0002191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0002191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Mass terror attacks can psychologically impact entire societies. This study examined the relationship between social inclusion and posttraumatic growth (PTG) among a population experiencing national trauma and explored mediating roles of optimism and self-efficacy.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A structured questionnaire was administered to 500 adults in Israel following the October 7, 2023, Hamas terrorist attack.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A serial mediation model found that perceived social inclusion was positively associated with PTG, and optimism and self-efficacy acted as sequential mediators. Specifically, individuals who felt more socially included reported greater optimism, which was associated with greater self-efficacy and greater PTG.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results support the social contextual framework and highlight the importance of fostering social inclusion and psychological resources during national crises. Strengthening social inclusion may be a key strategy for promoting resilience and PTG following collective traumatic events. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147820099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trauma appraisals in the first month after sexual trauma differentially predict subsequent mental and physical health sequelae.","authors":"Mariel Emrich, Zachary E Magin, Katherine E Gnall, Crystal L Park","doi":"10.1037/tra0001881","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Sexual trauma is highly prevalent, particularly in women. Cognitions play a critical role in trauma recovery and may predict chronic mental and physical health difficulties. However, existing studies of cognitions following trauma have focused largely on global meanings (i.e., general beliefs, values, and goals) rather than on situational appraisals (i.e., understanding of the trauma or its impact). We aimed to determine the extent to which situational appraisals within the first month of experiencing sexual trauma differentially predict subsequent mental and physical health.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Women (<i>N</i> = 203) who experienced sexual trauma within the past month were recruited from an online platform and completed questionnaires within 30 days of trauma and 4 weeks later assessing trauma appraisals (self-blame, threat, self and life impact), mental health (posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD] symptoms, depression symptoms), and physical health (sleep disturbance, pain interference). As these mental and physical health difficulties are often comorbid, structural equation modeling was used to examine these relationships simultaneously.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Trauma appraisals were differentially related to mental and physical health 1 month later in the acute aftermath of sexual trauma. Specifically, self-blame significantly predicted PTSD symptoms, sleep disturbance, and pain interference. Threat appraisals significantly predicted PTSD symptoms and sleep disturbance. Self and life impact appraisals significantly predicted PTSD symptoms (as well as worsening symptoms over time) and depression symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings can elucidate targets for early assessment tools and interventions in the recent aftermath of sexual trauma to help alleviate the downstream mental and physical health impacts of experiencing sexual trauma. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"818-829"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agency as a buffer against trauma and psychological difficulties in children affected by war: The mediating role of life satisfaction and hope in a two-wave study in Palestine.","authors":"Guido Veronese, Hania Obaid, Fayez Mahamid, Dana Bdier, Federica Cavazzoni","doi":"10.1037/tra0001982","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Children's mental well-being in Palestine is undermined by decades of military and political violence. Children are at risk of developing trauma-related syndromes and psychological distress after potentially traumatic experiences. Our two-wave study sought to explore how agency and potentially traumatic events can affect children's mental health and trauma symptoms via hope and life satisfaction as mediators.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Nine hundred sixty-five children recruited in Palestine were administered with self-reported measures (Trauma Checklist, War Child Agency Assessment Scale-Pal, Children Hope Scale, Brief Multidimensional Student Life Satisfaction Scale, Strengths and Difficulties Scale) at T1 and T2 after 1 year. Cross-lagged structural equation modeling was run to detect the mediation effect of life satisfaction and hope in the relationship between traumatic events and agency with trauma symptoms and psychological difficulties.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings revealed the mediating power of those variables over the time and the buffering effect of life agency on children's mental functioning. Our results confirm that the cumulative effects of potentially traumatic experiences might undermine children's functioning, while agency increases life satisfaction and hope that in turn can control traumatic reactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Defending children's agency, hope, and life satisfaction is urgently needed to protect children's well-being in war-affected zones. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"794-807"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144776098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder and susceptibility to misinformation for an analogue trauma event.","authors":"Prerika R Sharma, Kimberley A Wade, Laura Jobson","doi":"10.1037/tra0002063","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0002063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>There is a dearth of research on the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and memory distortions that result from external, suggestive influences. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate the relationship between PTSD symptoms and susceptibility to misinformation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>To address this aim, we used the trauma film paradigm and misinformation paradigm. One hundred community participants (22-65 years, 72 women, 25 men, three gender diverse) completed measures assessing PTSD symptoms and trauma exposure. Participants then viewed a film about a car accident, received verbal misinformation along with repeated and no repeated information, then completed cued recall, recognition, and source memory tests (immediate retrieval). Ninety participants completed the same memory tasks 1 week later (delayed retrieval).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>First, a clear misinformation effect was found. Second, PTSD symptom severity was not uniquely associated with the misinformation effect. However, for those with past exposure to a transportation accident, PTSD symptom severity was associated with a smaller misinformation effect on recognition and source memory tests. For those without past exposure, PTSD symptom severity was associated with a larger misinformation effect on the same tests.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The relationship between PTSD and the misinformation effect warrants the consideration of event relevance. If findings are replicated, legal and clinical professionals should enact extra caution in avoiding suggestive language when working with individuals with PTSD who have witnessed a novel type of stressful event. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"876-888"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145542276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The roles of adult attachment and complex trauma in sex trafficking-related coercive bonding: Entry, entrapment, and the challenges of exiting.","authors":"Paola M Contreras, Niko Wilson, Akyla Joseph, Shay Valentine, John Minahan, Stacy Reed-Barnes, Heather Wightman, Jennifer Dockery, Jessica Stahl, Diya Kallivayalil, Nikki Kirsch, Beth Waterman, Samantha Wilson, Richard M Greenberg, Chantha Carter, Siham Eid, Maria L Ayala-Conesa, Alejandra Sanchez, Lauren Herlihy","doi":"10.1037/tra0001951","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>One theory about sex trafficking (ST) is that people who stay with or return to traffickers do so in part due to trauma coercive bonding (TCB). Attachment theory posits that children form an internal working model with caregivers, which carries into adult relationships. Previous research with victims trafficked as minors found they struggled with attachments, making them more vulnerable to commercial sex (CS). This study contributes a direct analysis of the attachment patterns in ST and CS, which adds to the theory about the possible role of attachment patterns in TCB in ST and CS.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 45 participants, used a mixed method, and administered the Adult Attachment Interview.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings include the following: (a) Traumas previous to CS likely contributed to irresolution (unresolved/cannot classify) and insecure (dismissing and preoccupied) attachment; (b) qualitative analyses identified TCB was used by pimps/traffickers to exploit participants' attachment vulnerabilities; (c) pimp/trafficker use of TCB was manipulative and violent enough to ensnare even those with secure attachment; (d) findings support consideration of complex trauma presence for sex-trafficked adults; and (e) traits of participants with secure attachment can help providers identify supports for initial exit.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Participants of all attachment patterns were vulnerable to TCB in ST, even those with attachment security. However, participants with attachment insecurity and irresolution may be more vulnerable to TCB in ST and can help providers understand the role of these attachment patterns in ST entry and entrapment; participants with attachment security can help understand desirable support for initial exit from CS and ST. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"773-782"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trauma type influences women's health care-related trust and engagement.","authors":"Emma C Lathan, Hannah Sawyer, Séba Bakoyema, Caitlin Wolford Clevenger, Candice N Selwyn","doi":"10.1037/tra0002006","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0002006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Despite having greater health service needs, trauma survivors often report reduced health care engagement. This association can be, at least in part, explained by survivors' mistrust of providers. To date, the differential impact of specific trauma types on health care-related trust and engagement remains unknown. This study examines the unique influence of various trauma types on trust in doctors and health care underutilization in a community sample of women.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants (<i>N</i> = 150 women, 66.7% White; <i>M</i>_age = 41.5 years, <i>SD</i>_age = 11.8 years) recruited via an online crowdsourcing platform completed survey measures assessing traumatic experiences, trust in doctors, health care underutilization, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In regression models controlling for all other trauma types and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, experiencing other unwanted sexual experiences, <i>B</i> = -7.34, <i>p</i> < .001, predicted trust in doctors, <i>F</i>(19, 127) = 2.94, <i>p</i> < .001, <i>R</i>² = .31, and experiencing other unwanted sexual experiences, <i>B</i> = 1.01, <i>p</i> = .002; assault with a weapon, <i>B</i> = 1.31, <i>p</i> = .011; and exposure to toxic substances, B = 1.60, <i>p</i> = .014, predicted health care underutilization, <i>F</i>(19, 127) = 4.14, <i>p</i> < .001, <i>R</i>² = .38. There was a significant indirect effect from other unwanted sexual experiences to health care underutilization via trust in doctors when accounting for other trauma types and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, <i>F</i>(20, 126) = 5.76, <i>p</i> < .001, <i>R</i>² = .48. Findings remained significant when race was included in models post hoc.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Specific trauma types-experiencing other unwanted sexual experiences, assault with a weapon, or exposure to toxic substances-were more predictive of trust in doctors and/or underutilization than others, pointing to the importance of providers incorporating patients' trauma histories into their understanding of the patient-provider relationship and women's health care behaviors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"847-855"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trauma and resilience among the survivors of conflict in Jammu and Kashmir.","authors":"Mohd Manshoor Ahmed, Jilly John","doi":"10.1037/tra0002008","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0002008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study explores the experiences of individuals affected by the Jammu and Kashmir conflict, focusing on trauma, coping mechanisms, resilience, displacement, family dynamics, access to resources, security concerns, and trauma processing. It aims to comprehensively understand the conflict's human impact and emphasize the need for support systems for affected populations.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data were collected through semistructured, in-depth interviews with a purposive sampling and snowball sampling of 33 participants, including shelling victims, family members of disappeared persons, and those affected by militant violence. Interviews were analyzed using grounded theory to identify critical patterns and qualitative thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants reported significant physical and psychological trauma, resulting in chronic distress and grief. Despite adversities, resilience was evident through coping strategies like community engagement, spiritual practices, and advocacy. Forced migration caused social and economic instability, complicating resettlement. Family dynamics were strained, with divided loyalties and violence causing familial trauma. The lack of health care facilities highlighted the need for better infrastructure and equitable health care access. Persistent insecurity underscored the need for a holistic approach to human security. Ongoing struggles with trauma processing highlighted the necessity for continuous mental health support.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study underscores the multifaceted impact of the Jammu and Kashmir conflict on individuals and communities, emphasizing the need for comprehensive support systems to address their varied needs. By highlighting the interconnectedness of trauma, resilience, displacement, and resource accessibility, the research provides valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners to enhance resilience and sustainable development in conflict-affected areas. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"712-721"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recalled parent-child interactions that characterize \"risky\" early family environments.","authors":"Christopher J Wendel, Jenny M Cundiff, Timothy W Smith, Julia E Mackaronis","doi":"10.1037/tra0002104","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0002104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Adverse childhood experiences have been associated with poor mental and physical health outcomes and occur predominantly within the family. Many widely used assessments of early adversities have significant psychometric limitations and have not been adequately integrated with established theories relating parent-child interactions to similar outcomes. To examine the behaviorally specific ratings of parent-child interactions in early childhood associated with concurrent adverse childhood experiences believed to confer risk for poor health.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In total, 180 young adult undergraduates (52% female, <i>M</i>_age = 21, <i>SD</i> = 6.2 years) enrolled at a large public university in the Southwestern United States. The majority of participants identified as White (73.6%; 10.7% Hispanic, and 7.9% Asian American), were full-time students (81.4%), employed (60.3%), and made less than $15,000 annually (66.0%). Linear regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between affiliation-hostility and autonomy-control in interactions between parents and children, and total early adverse experiences, subtypes of early adversity (e.g., abuse, neglect), and individual adverse experiences, separately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Greater hostility in interactions with fathers (β = -0.68, <i>p</i> < .001) and mothers (β = -0.48, <i>p</i> < .001), as well as greater autonomy with mothers (β = 0.14, <i>p</i> = .047) were significantly associated with total early adversities. Similarly, greater hostility was consistently associated with subcategories of adverse experiences (abuse, neglect, and household chaos), while associations with autonomy-control differed by subcategory.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results suggest that hostile and distant interpersonal processes in the early family environment may underlie and contribute to exposure to early adversities and associated outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"808-817"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145763655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}