Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy最新文献

{"title":"War, media, and emotion: Associations between posttraumatic stress symptoms, anxiety, and emotion regulation.","authors":"Yael Enav, Noga Shiffman, Ido Lurie, Yael Mayer","doi":"10.1037/tra0001826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Media coverage of violent conflict significantly impacts individuals' mental health. On October 7, 2023, a war erupted between Israel and Hamas, leading to pervasive and distressing media coverage. This brief report examines the relationship between media exposure, emotion regulation, posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and anxiety during armed political conflict.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Random sampling was employed, drawing participants from a representative sample of the Israeli population. Five hundred seventeen adult citizens were recruited through a virtual platform. The sample (<i>N</i> = 517) comprised 260 women (50.3%) and 257 men (49.7%), with a mean age of 40.50 years (<i>SD</i> = 14.55).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cognitive reappraisal was associated with protective effects against media exposure on participants' PTSS and anxiety levels compared to emotion suppression. However, in cases of intense exposure to violent media, emotion suppression was not linked to greater distress.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Emotion regulation skills play a role between exposure to violence in media and the development of PTSS and anxiety during times of war. Cognitive reappraisal is associated with a protective effect against media exposure, highlighting the importance of teaching individuals exposed to media during wartime to enhance their cognitive reappraisal skills. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to child sexual abuse materials among law enforcement investigative personnel: Exploring trauma and resilience profiles.","authors":"Kimberly J Mitchell, Ateret Gewirtz-Meydan, Jennifer E O'Brien, Tsachi Ein-Dor","doi":"10.1037/tra0001804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to identify distinct profiles of investigators based on their exposure to child sexual abuse material (CSAM) and associated mental health symptomatology. Specifically, the study seeks to differentiate resilient profiles from those exhibiting psychopathologies. Additionally, this research explores resilience as a transdiagnostic and distal factor, examining individual- and agency-level coping and resiliency factors.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An analytic sample of 500 police investigators and forensic examiners exposed to CSAM comprised the current sample. Latent profile analysis identified five profiles based on CSAM exposure and psychopathology. Profiles were compared across various individual- and agency-level factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Distinct profiles emerged, including low exposure and psychopathology, average exposure and low psychopathology, low exposure and high psychopathology, high exposure and low psychopathology (representing resilience), and high exposure and high psychopathology. Resilient profiles demonstrated higher scores in general resiliency, future orientations, and purpose in life. Noteworthy differences were found in individual- and agency-level factors, emphasizing the role of appreciation, support, and a positive work climate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study underscores the diversity of experiences among law enforcement professionals conducting CSAM investigations. Resilient profiles highlight the importance of factors like mattering, appreciation, support, and a positive work climate. These findings have implications for wellness training and agency practices to enhance the well-being of investigators dedicated to protecting children. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying predictors of long-term treatment outcomes using narratives from written exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy for PTSD.","authors":"Danielle R Shayani, Elizabeth Alpert, J Ben Barnes, Denise M Sloan, Adele M Hayes","doi":"10.1037/tra0001813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cognitive processing therapy (CPT), a 12-session, gold-standard treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and written exposure therapy (WET), a brief, five-session treatment, have similar treatment efficacy. The aim of the present study was to identify predictors of long-term treatment outcomes of WET and CPT using clients' written narratives.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Narratives from both treatments were coded with the Change and Growth Experiences Scale coding system to identify predictors of long-term PTSD symptom outcomes. Participants were 113 adults with PTSD randomly assigned to receive WET (<i>n</i> = 60) or CPT (<i>n</i> = 53).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In WET, higher average levels of accommodated (balanced, healthy) beliefs predicted lower PTSD symptoms at the 60-week endpoint, as well as a decrease in symptoms over the follow-up symptom slope. In CPT, higher average negative emotions and positive view of self predicted better 60-week PTSD symptom outcomes, as did lower hopelessness, which also predicted a decrease in PTSD symptoms over the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Even without direct cognitive change techniques, adaptive processing of traumatic experiences occurred in WET and predicted PTSD long-term symptom improvement. Both emotional engagement and cognitive change might help to sustain treatment gains in CPT. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global trends and regional differences in the burden of HIV/AIDS attributed to intimate partner violence among females in 204 countries and territories, 1999-2019: An analysis of the global burden of disease study.","authors":"Chenlu Hong, Wanwei Dai, Ming Xu, Yanan Luo","doi":"10.1037/tra0001814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the temporal and spatial trends in the burden of HIV/AIDS related to intimate partner violence (IPV) on global, regional, and country scales among females.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data were from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study. We assessed the global disability-adjusted life years (DALYs; per 100,000 population) and death of HIV/AIDS attributable to IPV by age and geographical location. The estimated annual percentage change across 204 countries and territories was used to present the temporal and spatial trends. Furthermore, we examined the relationship between the sociodemographic index (SDI) and the burden of HIV/AIDS attributable to IPV and its spatial and temporal characteristics globally.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1990 to 2019, the global DALY and death rates of HIV/AIDS attributable to IPV decreased by 0.26% and 0.21%, respectively. Across the 21 GBD regions, the top three highest age-standardized rates of IPV-related DALY for HIV/AIDS were in Southern, Eastern, and Central Sub-Saharan Africa. From 1990 to 2019, the study found the estimated annual percentage change of 15 out of 21 regions significantly increased with the largest three in Oceania, Eastern Europe, and South Asia with the EAPC of 17.81%, 9.46%, and 8.81%, respectively, while a decreasing trend could be found in six regions (Western Europe, High-Income North America, Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa, Central Sub-Saharan Africa, Australasia, and Caribbean). This study found the inverted U-curve patterns were common across all levels of SDI, although progress has stalled in some regions. The burden of death by 21 GBD regions is similar to DALY's.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The burden of HIV/AIDS attributable to IPV has significantly increased in females in many countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Marked geographical variations were observed with different patterns. Considering the vast variations in the burden by SDI and geographic location, future actions should be designed and implemented based on the specific development status, cultural, and regional characteristics of each country. The most robust synergy is achieved by intervening on multiple levels in the promotion of community engagement, gender equality, women empowerment, and human rights. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of war-related PTSD symptoms with sleep disturbance: The explanatory roles of emotion regulation difficulties and intolerance of uncertainty.","authors":"Mehdi Zemestani, Sarchya R Hasan, Pegah A M Seidi, Jafar Bakhshaie, Gordon J G Asmundson","doi":"10.1037/tra0001808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although associations between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and sleep disturbance are well-established, relatively little work has examined mechanisms that may underlie this association. This study aimed to examine the explanatory role of emotion regulation difficulties and intolerance of uncertainty (IU) in associations between PTSD symptoms and sleep disturbance among a sample of war-exposed Iraqi individuals.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used structural equation modeling in a war-exposed nonclinical sample (<i>N</i> = 617; <i>M</i>_age = 27.63; <i>SD</i> = 4.81; 46.03% females) to model indirect effects from PTSD symptoms to the sleep disturbance via emotion regulation difficulties and IU. Participants completed PTSD symptoms, sleep disturbance, difficulties in emotion regulation, and IU scales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant correlations were found between PTSD symptoms and sleep disturbance. Those who reported higher levels of PTSD symptoms also reported higher levels of sleep disturbance. The structural model was an excellent fit to the data (χ² = 166.03; degrees of freedom = 32; comparative fit index = .960; goodness-of-fit index = .954; Tucker-Lewis index = .943; root-mean-square error of approximation = .082), and all hypothesized indirect effects were significant (<i>p</i>s < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings add to the emerging body of literature examining potential mechanisms that may help to explain the maintenance or even escalation of PTSD-related sleep disturbance. Findings have clinical implications in designing specialized treatments for individuals with PTSD and suggest focusing on emotion regulation difficulties and IU as potential therapeutic targets that putatively underlie PTSD-related sleep disturbance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Institutional courage attenuates the association between institutional betrayal and trauma symptoms among campus sexual assault survivors.","authors":"Alexis A Adams-Clark, Melissa L Barnes, Monika N Lind, Alec Smidt, Jennifer J Freyd","doi":"10.1037/tra0001812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>When an institution fails to fulfill its obligations to prevent violence from occurring or to respond adequately to violence, it commits institutional betrayal, which can compound a survivor's distress. One proposed strategy to reduce the harm caused by institutional betrayal is <i>institutional courage</i>, which involves supportive and transparent institutional actions that prioritize the needs of institutional members. The objective of the present study is to examine the unique relationships between the theoretical constructs of institutional betrayal, institutional courage, and trauma-related mental health outcomes among campus sexual assault survivors within one university institution.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Self-report questionnaire data were collected from a sample of campus sexual assault survivors enrolled at a large, public university in the Pacific Northwest (<i>N</i> = 85).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no statistically significant bivariate relationships among institutional betrayal, institutional courage, and trauma symptoms. Consistent with hypotheses, institutional courage moderated the relationship between institutional betrayal and trauma symptoms. Institutional betrayal was positively related to trauma symptoms among students who reported low and moderate levels of institutional courage, but institutional betrayal was no longer linked to trauma symptoms among students who reported high levels of institutional courage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This finding suggests that institutional courage may attenuate the negative influence of institutional betrayal. Overall, institutional courage may be a helpful approach to combat the harms of both sexual violence and institutional betrayal. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intergenerational transmission of combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: The offspring's lived experience.","authors":"Moshe Bensimon, Eynav Afota Assaf","doi":"10.1037/tra0001825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The literature points to a wide spectrum of potential symptoms in different life dimensions caused by intergenerational transmission of war trauma. However, qualitative research on intergenerational transmission of combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) from the perspective of adult offspring is scarce. The aim of the present study was to examine Israeli adults' lived experience of growing up with a father coping with combat-related PTSD, including relationship characteristics and consequences.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Thirty Israeli adult offspring (19 females and 11 males) of combat-related PTSD fathers participated in the study. Data were collected via semistructured interviews and analyzed according to the interpretative phenomenological analysis approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis yielded five themes: (a) <i>Intergenerational transmission of combat-related PTSD symptoms</i> relates to posttraumatic symptoms reported by participants in connection with their fathers' combat-related PTSD; (b) <i>emotional instability in father-offspring relationship</i> relates to participants' caution around their father and fear of his reactions; (c) <i>parent-child role reversal</i> describes excessive responsibility taken by offspring toward their father, leading to overdependence on the father's part; (d) <i>threat to family integrity</i> relates to participants' sense of financial insecurity and the disintegrative effect of their parents' marital problems on their own family; (e) <i>personal development</i> indicates posttraumatic growth experienced by the participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Interventions should address the emotional instability in father-offspring relationship, the possibility of a parent-child role reversal, and family disintegration. Interventions should also encourage secondary posttraumatic growth among offspring. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self and body representation among women survivors of childhood abuse and its relation to their infant's temperament.","authors":"Karni Ginzburg, Anat Talmon, Inbal Brenner, Ido Lurie, Roni Tomashev, Ayelet Golan, May Shir Igawa, Moshe Betser, Anna Padoa","doi":"10.1037/tra0001820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Studies have suggested that women's history of childhood abuse is associated with the temperament of their children, as indicated by increased negative emotionality and decreased regulatory capacity. The aim of this study was to examine a model according to which the association between maternal childhood abuse and infant temperament would be mediated by women's self-objectification and sense of disrupted body boundaries.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Four hundred forty women were recruited on a maternity ward within 48 hr of giving birth (Time 1). Of them, 295 (67.05%) participated in the second assessment, 3 months postpartum (Time 2). Participants' self-objectification and sense of body boundaries were assessed at Time 1. Maternal history of childhood abuse and infant temperament were assessed at Time 2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Structural equation modeling yielded two significant mediation effects: (a) the association between maternal history of childhood abuse and infant's negative emotionality was mediated by self-objectification, and (b) the association between maternal history of childhood abuse and infant's orienting/regulatory capacity was mediated by a sense of disrupted body boundaries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the significant influence of maternal self and body representations on infant temperament, suggesting that these factors may be relevant for clinical interventions with mothers with a history of childhood abuse to support their children's well-being. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traumatic stress, social support, resilience, and posttraumatic growth: Comparison of LBGT+ and heterosexual individuals in a developing country.","authors":"Hilal Özden Çon, Nihan Osmanağaoğlu","doi":"10.1037/tra0001833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Posttraumatic growth (PTG) is a concept that may emerge after a traumatic experience and describes an experience that includes reaching a higher level of development in various areas of life compared to pretrauma. Although everyone is at risk for traumatic experiences, some populations such as minorities may be at more risk for stress, crisis, and trauma. However, there are limited studies that examine the difference between minority and majority groups in terms of variables related to trauma and PTG. The present study aims to investigate these variables between lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT+), which is considered a minority group, and heterosexual individuals in a developing country like Turkey.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were 40 LGBT+ and 73 heterosexual individuals aged between 18 and 60 (26.88 ± 8.21). PTG, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, psychological resilience, social connectedness, perceived available support, and psychological inflexibility were measured using self-report questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All questionnaires were internally consistent (αs from .87 to .96). PTG showed a significant correlation only with the perceived available support both for all participants and for LGBT+ and heterosexual groups separately. All variables except PTG differed significantly between LGBT+ and heterosexual individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results have implications regarding an LGBT+ community in a developing country, as they appear to have clinically significant traumatic symptoms. In addition, LGBT+ individuals also appear to have less social and individual resources, which should be considered for delivering treatments and providing support for this group. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The worst of times: Using a transformative mixed-methods study to name and describe school-based adverse racialized experiences (AREs) in the K-12 retrospective accounts of university students.","authors":"Dawn X Henderson, Charity Brown Griffin, Isha W Metzger, Christen Edwards, Kierra Jenkins, Krishanna Prince, Kirstyn McLeod, Jesha Jones","doi":"10.1037/tra0001818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This transformative multiphase mixed-methods study aimed to identify the thematic structure of school-based adverse racialized experiences (AREs), their prevalence, and perpetrators in the retrospective K-12 accounts of a sample of racially diverse undergraduate students aged 17-22.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Interpretative analysis of interviews in Phase I informed the design of a vignette survey in Phase II. Qualitative and quantitative methods identified convergent patterns of school-based AREs under the three themes: racial discrimination, racial microaggressions, and racial harassment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results reveal that participants' school-based AREs mainly fell under the broad theme of racial discrimination and referenced high school and peers more frequently.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study names school-based AREs and discusses the implications of school-based and clinical-based interventions supporting racially marginalized youth navigating the U.S. education system. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142688654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}