Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy最新文献

{"title":"Impact of self-reported cannabis use on veterans' intensive PTSD treatment outcomes.","authors":"Ryan A Schubert, Cailan C Splaine, Mauricio M Montes, Sarah A Pridgen, Debra L Kaysen, Philip Held","doi":"10.1037/tra0001842","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The impact of cannabis use on evidence-based posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment outcomes remains inconclusive. Further, few studies to date have examined these relationships in intensive PTSD treatment settings, with existing literature being similarly inconclusive. The present study assessed the role of cannabis use frequency prior to and concurrent with treatment on self-reported PTSD and depressive symptoms in two samples of veterans undergoing distinct (3-week and 2-week) Cognitive Processing Therapy-based intensive treatment programs (ITPs; <i>N</i>_3-week = 488; <i>N</i>_2-week = 253).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Cannabis use frequency over the past 2 weeks was self-reported by veterans. PTSD and depression symptoms were assessed before, during, and following the ITP using the PTSD Checklist for the <i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition</i> and Patient Health Questionnaire-9, respectively. Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze the effect of cannabis use frequency prior to and concurrent with treatment on PTSD and depressive symptom change over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals in the 3- and 2-week ITPs reported low rates of cannabis use prior to and concurrent with treatment. Across models, frequency of cannabis use was not significantly related to PTSD symptoms over time. Findings surrounding the impact of cannabis use on depressive symptom severity were only found in the 2-week ITP and not replicated in the 3-week ITP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Infrequent and/or recreational cannabis use frequency prior to or concurrent with treatment did not meaningfully impact intensive PTSD treatment outcomes. Findings associated with concurrent use need to be interpreted with caution due to the small subsample. Future research should explore whether more frequent cannabis use and the dosage differentially impact PTSD treatment outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"628-637"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Institutional courage attenuates the association between institutional betrayal and trauma symptoms among campus sexual assault survivors.","authors":"Alexis A Adams-Clark, Melissa L Barnes, Monika N Lind, Alec Smidt, Jennifer J Freyd","doi":"10.1037/tra0001812","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>When an institution fails to fulfill its obligations to prevent violence from occurring or to respond adequately to violence, it commits institutional betrayal, which can compound a survivor's distress. One proposed strategy to reduce the harm caused by institutional betrayal is <i>institutional courage</i>, which involves supportive and transparent institutional actions that prioritize the needs of institutional members. The objective of the present study is to examine the unique relationships between the theoretical constructs of institutional betrayal, institutional courage, and trauma-related mental health outcomes among campus sexual assault survivors within one university institution.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Self-report questionnaire data were collected from a sample of campus sexual assault survivors enrolled at a large, public university in the Pacific Northwest (<i>N</i> = 85).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no statistically significant bivariate relationships among institutional betrayal, institutional courage, and trauma symptoms. Consistent with hypotheses, institutional courage moderated the relationship between institutional betrayal and trauma symptoms. Institutional betrayal was positively related to trauma symptoms among students who reported low and moderate levels of institutional courage, but institutional betrayal was no longer linked to trauma symptoms among students who reported high levels of institutional courage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This finding suggests that institutional courage may attenuate the negative influence of institutional betrayal. Overall, institutional courage may be a helpful approach to combat the harms of both sexual violence and institutional betrayal. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"681-690"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The bidirectional relationship of PTSD and psychosis: Conceptualization of prevention of comorbidity and intervention for bidirectionality.","authors":"Erika R Carr","doi":"10.1037/tra0002060","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0002060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The research on posttraumatic stress disorder and psychosis has now shown that these experiences can be bidirectional and actually potentiate each other. This scientific knowledge provides the field invaluable insight about points of prevention for either condition so that the risk for onset of the other mental health challenge does not occur, as well as diverse information for when the experiences are fully comorbid. In this article, a conceptual model is provided outlining practical conceptual and clinical applications.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>By using an innovative conceptual model, this article provides more insight about understanding and using the literature we know to inform prevention of co-occurrence and a diverse approach when both disorders are present in comorbidity, actually potentiating each other, and how to then address the situation holistically, rather than in silos.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using the innovative conceptual model, this article is able to help systems and providers move toward more effective treatment of the bidirectionality of posttraumatic stress disorder and psychosis holistically and equally rather than treating either of the conditions solely, in silos, or treating one condition over the other, as this is a risk that is reductionistic and negates the true capabilities of our clinical interventions. Practical clinical applications are provided as part of this conceptual piece.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This conceptual model is innovative as common practice in many settings is to still prioritize one diagnosis, and this failure in treatment falls short of adequately targeting every element that makes up the complexity of experience for individuals who experience comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder and psychosis. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"464-472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145459810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pilot study of stellate ganglion block paired with exposure therapy: Feasibility and acceptability in combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder.","authors":"Christy Capone, Erica Eaton, M Tracie Shea, Matthew Borgia, Lauren DeMoss, Krista Tocco, Keith Fragoza, Afreen Siddiqui","doi":"10.1037/tra0001679","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is growing evidence that stellate ganglion block (SGB) combined with trauma-focused therapy may help veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) whose symptoms have not responded to traditional treatments. By combining SGB with in vivo exposure, veterans may be more able to fully engage in treatment and see improvement in their overall functioning.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The primary aim of this project was to conduct a nonrandomized pilot trial on the feasibility and acceptability of delivering SGB paired with individual psychotherapy to veterans with combat-related PTSD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eligible veterans (<i>N</i> = 14) constructed a hierarchy of in vivo exposure exercises, received the SGB procedure, and attended four additional weekly psychotherapy sessions with a focus on exposure exercises. Participants completed measures at baseline, weekly during treatment, and follow-up assessments immediately posttreatment and 1-month later.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The recruitment target was easily met, session attendance was strong, and dropout was relatively low (21.4%). SGB was well tolerated with only mild, transient side effects. Participants reported satisfaction with the treatment they received as measured by the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (<i>M</i> = 28.8). Paired <i>t</i> test analyses revealed a significant decrease in PTSD symptoms as measured by the PTSD Checklist for <i>DSM-5.</i> We also observed a significant reduction in PTSD symptoms as measured by the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for <i>DSM-5</i> in mixed models, <i>F</i>(2, 13) = 8.68, <i>p</i> = .004. There were no significant improvements in psychosocial functioning or quality of life.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SGB paired with psychotherapy is feasible and acceptable to veterans and holds promise for symptom reduction among veterans with combat-related PTSD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"610-618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140132396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood emotional and physical bullying in affective and nonaffective psychotic disorders.","authors":"Caitlin Ridgewell, Marguerite D Sears, Lena M D Stone, Ann K Shinn","doi":"10.1037/tra0001953","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Bullying is common in childhood. Identifying developmental periods most sensitive to bullying may improve understanding of the link between bullying and psychotic disorders.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Forty-six individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder; SZ), 53 with psychotic bipolar disorder (BP), and 51 healthy control (HC) participants completed the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposures questionnaire. We tested for differences in the rates and severity of emotional and physical bullying across diagnostic groups, and also calculated odds ratios (<i>OR</i>'s) for emotional and physical bullying in SZ and BP versus HC. As a primary goal of the study, we also examined associations between diagnosis, the timing of bullying in childhood, and bullying severity using nonlinear mixed effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with SZ (<i>OR</i> range = 3.41-21.88) and BP (<i>OR</i> range = 2.48-11.63) reported both emotional and physical bullying at higher rates than HC. In general, emotional bullying severity increased between ages 5-11 years, peaked at age 11, then decreased between ages 11-17. Notably, there was a Timing × Diagnosis interaction for both SZ (β = 0.09, <i>p</i>_FDR < .01) and BP (β = 0.09, <i>p</i>_FDR < .01) for the interval spanning ages 5-11. For physical bullying severity, only SZ patients showed a Timing × Diagnosis interaction for the period spanning 5-11 compared with HC (β = 0.05, <i>p</i>_FDR < .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Retrospective reports of childhood bullying suggest that the developmental period spanning ages 5-11 years may be a vulnerable period when emotional and physical bullying are most severe for people with psychotic disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"497-508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family-involved interventions may offer unique benefits for Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experiencing high family strain.","authors":"Megan Shepherd-Banigan, Hope Salameh, Abigail Shapiro, Karen M Stechuchak, Stephanie Y Wells, Joseph H Neiman, Hollis J Weidenbacher, Madeleine R Eldridge, Tiera J Lanford-Davey, Barbara Bokhour, Shirley Glynn, Rachel Ruffin, Courtney H Van Houtven, David Edelman, Patrick S Calhoun, Cindy Swinkels, Eric Dedert, Princess E Ackland","doi":"10.1037/tra0001841","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Family strain, which reflects the overall function of the family system, could play an important role in routine posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) care. We examined how high/low family strain influences perceptions of a family-involved intervention for Veterans with PTSD to inform the design and implementation of family-centered interventions in routine PTSD care.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Sequential explanatory mixed methods study that analyzed qualitative exit interview data from a three-session family-involved pilot study stratified by Veteran baseline scores of family strain (Veteran <i>n</i> = 16; support partner [SP] <i>n</i> = 12). Themes were identified via rapid qualitative analysis of interview data categorized by high/low strain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven Veterans (nine associated SPs) were classified as experiencing high and five Veterans (three associated SPs) were classified as experiencing low family strain. While nearly 50% of Veterans reported belonging to a non-White racial group, all of the Veterans were men. Themes reflected preintervention expectations, intervention experiences, and postintervention changes. Differences in intervention experiences were observed with different family strain levels. Participants in the high strain group articulated concrete goals for the intervention and provided more details about benefits, including an enhanced understanding of PTSD, improved family communication, and increased social support. Participants in the high strain group reported more discomfort with the intervention process, especially the conjoint sessions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Family-involved interventions for Veterans with high family strain are feasible and may have even greater benefits than for Veterans reporting low family strain. Future research is needed to empirically test this hypothesis and to understand the experiences of female Veterans. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"619-627"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12335591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anger mediates the relationship between changes in alcohol use and violence: A longitudinal examination among Iraq/Afghanistan-era veterans.","authors":"Krista Miloslavich, Pallavi Aurora, Jean C Beckham, Eric B Elbogen, Kirsten H Dillon","doi":"10.1037/tra0001894","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Interpersonal violence is a common barrier to reintegration into civilian life in post-9/11 veterans. Alcohol use and anger, also common among veterans, are both risk factors for violence. The present study used longitudinal data to examine relationships between these factors.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Post-9/11-era veterans (<i>N</i> = 302) were assessed via clinical interviews and self-report questionnaires at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months on alcohol use, anger, violence, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity. Multilevel structural modeling was used to compare two different mediation models across the three waves of data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The indirect effect of changes in alcohol use on violence via changes in anger was significant (<i>p</i> = .046). When covarying for PTSD symptom severity, the effects of Path A and Path B were consistent; however, the indirect effect between alcohol use and violence was no longer significant (<i>p</i> = .076). The indirect effect of changes in anger on violence via changes in alcohol use was not significant (<i>p</i> = .074).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Alcohol use, anger, and violence are variables closely influencing one another. The association between changes in anger and subsequent violence was not mediated by changes in alcohol use. The association between changes in alcohol use and subsequent violence was mediated by changes in anger; however, this mediating effect disappeared when controlling for PTSD severity. These findings shed light on the importance of anger and PTSD as contributors to the relationship between alcohol use and violence. They suggest that assessing and treating anger may reduce violence among veterans with problematic alcohol use. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"542-548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reductions in PTSD severity precede reductions in pain intensity among veterans receiving intensive treatment.","authors":"Philip Held, Rhea S Mundle, Sarah Pridgen, Dale L Smith, Jennifer A Coleman, Brian J Klassen, John W Burns","doi":"10.1037/tra0001761","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Chronic pain often co-occurs with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The mutual maintenance hypothesis proposes that there may be shared underlying mechanisms of symptoms of pain exacerbating PTSD, and vice versa. The association between PTSD and pain intensity remains understudied. To elucidate the relationship, the present study examined the temporality of changes in PTSD severity and pain intensity in veterans undergoing intensive PTSD treatment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data from 332 veterans undergoing intensive 2-week cognitive processing therapy- (CPT-) based treatment (ITP) with adjunctive components (i.e., mindfulness, art therapy). Random intercepts cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPMs) were used to examine within-subjects relationships between pain intensity and PTSD severity over the course of the program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Veterans experienced large PTSD severity reductions (Essg = 1.20; <i>p</i> < .001) and small pain severity reductions (Essg = 0.21; <i>p</i> < .001) over the course of treatment, despite pain not being a treatment target. RI-CLPMs revealed that PTSD severity significantly predicted subsequent pain severity. Results indicate the absence of a bidirectional relationship in that changes in pain intensity did not predict later PTSD severity improvement during the ITP. Time trends for both PTSD severity and pain intensity were generally consistent with respect to baseline demographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings support the mutual maintenance regarding the association between PTSD and pain intensity. Future research should investigate temporal associations in other evidence-based PTSD treatments and formats and evaluate the long-term impacts of PTSD treatment on pain intensity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"650-658"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should the perpetration of or the failure to intervene with or report military sexual trauma be assessed?","authors":"Peter D Yeomans, Louis A Rivera","doi":"10.1037/tra0001859","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Military sexual trauma (MST) has gained national attention since the Navy Tailhook scandal, in which 90 service members reported being sexually assaulted and/or harassed by military personnel (Monteith et al., 2015). Screenings administered in the early 2000s revealed that approximately one in five women and one in 100 men seen in Veteran Affairs medical hospitals screen positive for MST (Schweitzer, 2013). The current literature has advanced our understanding of the prevalence of MST and the impact sexual trauma has on the overall health and well-being of MST survivors. Additionally, the literature on moral injury has expanded inquiry into how perpetration of and failure to prevent violence is associated with psychiatric distress and decreased functioning. However, there is a dearth of research on service members who perpetrate MST and those who fail to intervene or report sexual trauma, and the psychiatric effects of these actions or inactions on these individuals. This commentary explores the possible benefits and risks of expanding the assessment of MST to include perpetration and failing to intervene or report MST. We discuss this within the larger context of MST assessment, future research, and prevention and intervention efforts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"457-460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From adversity to strength: Examining pathways to resilience and well-being in Kosovo.","authors":"Kaltrina Kelmendi, Sherry Hamby, Victoria Banyard","doi":"10.1037/tra0002138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0002138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although much research focuses on the negative effects of trauma, it is vital to explore why some individuals thrive despite adversity, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Kosovo, a postconflict society in southeastern Europe, has received relatively little attention in trauma and resilience research. In this study, we examined potential benefits of 13 strengths: regulatory (coping, positive emotion regulation, humor), interpersonal (social support and social leisure), meaning-making (purpose, hope, collective hope, and moral meaning-making), and environmental (eco-connections and built environment). Five of these are newly developed scales, and two more are being used in Kosovo for the first time, including both measures for the new domain of environmental strengths. This is also the first quantitative study of institutional betrayal in Kosovo.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Our study surveyed 500 young adults (75% women). In addition to the data on strengths, participants reported on experiences of victimization and institutional betrayal, subjective well-being, posttraumatic growth, and trauma symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most (86.6%) participants experienced some form of adversity, including institutional betrayal. Blockwise logistic regressions demonstrated that higher levels of personal hope, moral meaning-making, positive emotion regulation, mindfulness, social leisure, social support received, eco-connections, and poly-strengths significantly predicted at least one outcome of posttraumatic growth, subjective well-being, and trauma symptoms. Some measures were also significant in the unexpected direction, indicating that not all strengths help people overcome trauma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings add global support for multidimensional approaches to resilience and suggest new measures for assessment of strengths. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147290832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}