Journal of Clinical Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Can Interpersonal Trust Predict and Account for Symptom Change During Group Cognitive Processing Therapy for PTSD? An Investigation of the Iterated Trust Game.","authors":"M Wright Williams, Christopher Hunt, David P Graham, Matt Estey, Lia Smith, Katherine McCurry, Brooks King-Casas, Pearl Chiu","doi":"10.1002/jclp.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Group cognitive processing therapy (GCPT) is frequently utilized to treat PTSD within the VA healthcare system, but its mechanisms are not well understood. Interpersonal trust could be an important change process in GCPT given its relevance to group-based therapy and its role in CPT, but self-report measures are inadequate for capturing the dynamic interplay that defines interpersonal trust. Here, we examined the degree to which interpersonal could predict and account for PTSD symptom change in GCPT using the iterated trust game (ITG)-a behavioral task used to approximate real-world trust behavior.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were Veterans with PTSD who participated in an effectiveness trial comparing a 12-week course of GCPT (n = 37) to a treatment-as-usual (TAU) waitlist condition (n = 23) of equivalent length. Both groups completed the ITG and measures of PTSD before and after treatment as well as a pencil-paper measure of interpersonal trust before treatment. Participants in GCPT completed measures of PTSD severity, group relationship quality, and therapist relationship quality at each treatment session.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pre-post changes in ITG-measured trust behavior did not differ between GCPT and TAU (p = 0.075). However, improvements in ITG scores partially accounted for decreased PTSD symptoms in GCPT, as demonstrated by a more modest change in PTSD symptoms when ITG was in, b = -5.95, p = 0.032, versus not in the model, b = -9.05, p = 0.001. Additionally, higher ITG scores, but not self-reported trust, predicted steeper reductions in PTSD symptoms, b = -0.50, p = 0.042, and improvements in group relationship quality, b = 0.28, p = 0.037, across GCPT sessions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Interpersonal trust improvement may predict and account for symptom change in GCPT. Targeting interpersonal trust during GCPT could render the treatment more effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144690462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining Clinical Symptoms and Personological Traits in Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa: A Network Analysis Approach.","authors":"Catherine Lessard, Alexandra Bédard, Elsa Rousseau, Dominique Meilleur, Caroline Pesant, Danielle Taddeo, Nathalie Gingras, Giuseppina Di Meglio, Pierre-Olivier Nadeau, Richard Bélanger, Holly Agostino, Isabelle Thibault, Chantal Stheneur, Jean-Yves Frappier, Catherine Bégin","doi":"10.1002/jclp.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Despite advancements in treatment, research indicates that fewer than half of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) achieve full recovery by the end of their treatment. Network analysis provides a novel framework for understanding the central features of this complex psychopathology, potentially identifying critical elements that could enhance intervention strategies. While evidence suggests that personality traits play a significant role in the etiology, symptomatic expression, and maintenance of AN, no studies have yet utilized network analysis to explore the relationships among personality traits, eating disorder (ED) symptoms, and common psychiatric comorbidities in adolescents with AN. This study aims to fill this gap by applying network analysis to examine the interplay between ED symptoms, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and personality traits in a sample of 243 adolescents with AN (92.6% female), aged 12 to 17 years (M age = 14.7 ± 1.4), recruited from five University Health Centers across Quebec, Canada.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Upon admission, participants completed the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3), the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC), the Children's Depression Inventory 2 (CDI 2), and the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MACI). All variables were incorporated into a network analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed that submissive, conforming, self-demeaning, and inhibited personality traits were central nodes. Among ED symptoms, drive for thinness was the most prominent, with depressive symptoms exhibiting the highest centrality among comorbid conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results highlight the complex interplay between ED symptoms, psychiatric comorbidities, and personality traits in adolescents with AN. These findings suggest that interventions may benefit from focusing on emotional regulation and interpersonal dynamics, with particular attention to assertiveness training and strategies to help adolescents express and address their needs in relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Has COVID-19 Related Financial Stress Impacted Mental Health for Minoritized Americans?","authors":"Jesse H Walker, Amanda Venta","doi":"10.1002/jclp.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic had damaging effects on the US economy and mental health. Evidence suggests members of minoritized groups were particularly susceptible to mental health problems and COVID-19 related financial hardships. However, there is evidence such groups may have been resilient to these stressors. To examine relations between COVID-19 related financial stress and mental health across demographic lines, the current study computed a cross-sectional multivariate model using nationally representative data from the US Census Bureau's Household Pulse Survey (n = 60,826) investigating COVID-19 impacts. Models demonstrated significant main effects of financial stress and race/ethnicity, and a significant interaction of both variables on mental health, with increased financial stress associated with poorer mental health, and identification as Black, Asian, or Hispanic related to fewer mental health difficulties. The interaction effect revealed Black and Hispanic participants reported greater financial stress with lower anxiety and depression. Findings support that the relations between COVID-19 related financial stress and mental health may depend on demographic differences. Identification as Black or Hispanic appeared to increase risk for COVID-19 related financial stress but not mental health difficulties, suggesting participants who identified as Black or Hispanic showed relative protection from the deleterious mental health effects of financial stress. No such findings were observed for sexual orientation nor gender identity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attachment Anxiety, Avoidance, and Disorganization: Latent Profiles of Attachment and Their Associations With Hypomentalization, Depressive Symptoms, and Suicidality.","authors":"Marcin M Sekowski, Małgorzata Gambin","doi":"10.1002/jclp.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Disorganized attachment is an important concept in contemporary attachment theory, where it plays a significant role in understanding vulnerability to distress and psychopathology. Although latent class analysis of attachment has been conducted several times, disorganization has not been included in them as a dimension of attachment alongside anxiety and avoidance. The study aimed to: identify latent profiles of attachment, including attachment disorganization; and examine differences between attachment profiles in levels of mentalization difficulties, depressive symptoms and suicidality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Polish adults (N = 498) completed two scales measuring adult attachment (a shortened version of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised and the Adult Disorganized Attachment Scale) and the measures of hypomentalization, depressive symptoms, and suicidality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Factor analysis of attachment scales revealed three factors: anxiety, avoidance, and disorganization. Latent Profile Analysis identified four attachment profiles: \"generalized insecure\" (high anxiety, avoidance, and disorganization; 7.8% of the sample); \"secure\" (low attachment factors scores; 53.6%); \"anxious with disorganized features\" (high anxiety, moderate disorganization, low avoidance; 28.1%); and \"avoidant\" (high avoidance, low anxiety, low disorganization; 10.4%). Generalized insecure and anxious profiles had higher levels of hypomentalization compared to secure and avoidant profiles. Generalized insecure profile had higher levels of depressive symptoms than all other groups and a higher level of suicidality than the secure group. The secure group reported lower depression and suicidality than the anxious group, which in turn had higher suicidality than the avoidant group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results seem to be a step towards integrating dimensional and categorical, as well as personality-social and developmental-clinical approaches in research on attachment in adulthood. The study underscores the significance of more thoroughly integrating disorganized attachment into the broader framework of attachment research, emphasizing its implications for the comprehension and perhaps also the treatment of psychopathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144649604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief Versions of the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Spanish Primary Care Service: Results of a Feasibility Pilot Study.","authors":"Óscar Peris-Baquero, Alba Fadrique-Jiménez, Iván Prieto-Rollan, Laura Camacho-Guerrero, Selene Martínez-Lluesma, Jorge Osma","doi":"10.1002/jclp.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In recent years, there has been a growing interest in integrating psychological treatments in primary care (PC) for individuals with emotional disorders (EDs), as an alternative to the pharmacological treatments typically offered. Transdiagnostic interventions, such as the Unified Protocol for the Treatment of EDs (UP), in brief group format, have emerged as a viable option for treating EDs in PC services. The aim of the present study was to compare the preliminary clinical utility and feasibility (adherence, quality, usefulness, satisfaction of the intervention, among others) of the UP applied in two group formats of 5 and 8 sessions in a PC setting.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The sample consisted of 43 individuals (72.1% women) with a mean age of 40.7 years (SD = 10.77) treated in PC of the Spanish public health system who had a diagnosis of EDss and who were randomized to two treatment conditions: the 8-session (n = 28) or the 5-session (n = 15) UP group. The variables assessed pre- and posttreatment and at 1-, 3- and 6-month follow-up were anxiety, depression, transdiagnostic emotional regulation dimensions, interference and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over time, statistically significant changes were observed in all variables assessed in both conditions (except for positive temperament and social anxiety). No statistically significant differences were found between the two study conditions (except for traumatic re-experiencing, with higher scores found in the 5-session group), neither in adherence, quality, usefulness, satisfaction, or other feasibility variables, showing high scores in all of them.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The UP in a brief and group format, whether via 5 or 8 group sessions, could be clinically useful and a feasible proposal for addressing EDs in Spanish PC settings.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>NCT06547450.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144642669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validating Self-Other Differentiation in a Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Context: Virtues, Emotion Regulation, and Well-Being.","authors":"Peter J Jankowski, Steven J Sandage, Don E Davis, Laura B Stein, Elise Ji Young Choe","doi":"10.1002/jclp.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We advanced the virtues of intellectual humility, gratitude, forgiveness, and emotion regulation as relevant to monitoring treatment progress. We did so by exploring the construct validity evidence for differentiation as an indicator of emotion regulation in a psychotherapy context.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The sample consisted of clients (N = 117; M_age = 37.96; 60.7% female; 69.2% White; 70.1% heterosexual; 70.9% religious identifying) receiving outpatient psychotherapy at a psychodynamic training clinic. First, we conducted exploratory factor analysis to examine the validity evidence for differentiation, as measured by widely used items. Second, we used the factor analytic results to measure differentiation as an indicator of emotion regulation. We modeled the virtues and differentiation as linear and curvilinear combinations predicting depression symptoms and well-being, using a series of polynomial regressions and response surface analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intra- and interpersonal aspects of differentiation, reactivity and emotional cutoff, respectively, showed evidence supporting their use as indicators of emotion regulation. Results also showed that the virtues and differentiation were curvilinear predictors of depression symptoms and well-being, with each of the virtues and reactivity combining to predict initial well-being, and intellectual humility and emotional cutoff combining to predict later treatment symptom levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our design limits inference about the directionality of associations, and we used a recently developed self-report measure of virtues. Nevertheless, our findings point to the use of intellectual humility, gratitude, forgiveness, and differentiation to monitor treatment effectiveness, and potentially guide psychotherapy processes to lower negative emotion (intra-personal differentiation) and increase positive emotion (gratitude, forgiveness) early in treatment, and enhance prosocial interpersonal responding (intellectual humility, interpersonal differentiation) later in treatment. We highlight that virtues can be indirectly addressed within alliance processes, and addressed via direct interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder: A Randomized Control Trial.","authors":"Hassan Soleimani-Rad, Leili Bahrami, Hanieh Goodarzi, Saeed Ariapooran","doi":"10.1002/jclp.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is common among children presenting to mental health clinics. DMDD symptoms are often persistent, which can cause severe functional impairment and many adverse consequences if left untreated. However, there are few evidence-based psychotherapeutic interventions for its treatment. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for children with DMDD. Fifty-three children with DMDD were randomized to the CBT group or wait-list control group. Those in the intervention condition were asked to complete a 3-month follow-up assessment. Children, their parents, and teachers answered the questionnaires before and after treatment and a 3-month follow-up. The experimental group was treated with CBT (individual with the child) during 15 weekly sessions. ANCOVA analyses showed a significant difference between the two groups regarding irritability, overt aggressive behaviors, and internalizing and externalizing problems (as reported by children, parents, and teachers). Based on the comparison of means, children in the CBT group showed less aggressive behavior, anger outbursts, and irritability than children in the WLC group after treatment. Also, based on the within-subjects differences, symptom improvements in the CBT group were largely maintained through the follow-up period, without evidence that symptoms significantly worsened. Our findings showed that CBT can be a useful treatment for improving the symptoms of anger, aggression, and irritability in children with DMDD, and it can be considered a suitable approach to the treatment of DMDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Repeated Finger Flexion Movements on Self-Reported Affect and Reward System Activation Are Weak and Inconsistent.","authors":"Marissa R Vander Missen, Annaleis K Giovanetti, Jerry S Fisher, Eyitayo Awe, Brian M Ram, Cerila C Rapadas, Connor T Shannon, Jane K Stallman, Gerald J Haeffel","doi":"10.1002/jclp.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent research has called into question the robustness and reliability of using body movements to activate motivational systems like approach-reward. The purpose of the current studies was to test the effect of a repeated flexion movement task on approach-reward system activation, positive and negative affect, and persistence on a difficult laboratory task. Results were highly inconsistent across two pre-registered studies-a direct and conceptual replication. In Study 1 (direct replication), undergraduates (n = 216) randomly assigned to the repeated flexion movement condition reported greater positive affect than those assigned to an active control condition. But there were no differences in approach-reward activation or persistence on a difficult laboratory task. In Study 2 (conceptual replication), adult participants (n = 246) randomly assigned to the repeated flexion movement condition reported approach-reward activation than those assigned to an active control condition. But there were no differences in affect or persistence on a laboratory task. Taken together, the effects of repeated flexion movements were inconsistent and weak. The results also highlight how it is possible to cherry-pick positive findings (due to multiple comparisons), culminating in a biased empirical literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variables Associated With Non-Response in Anxiety and Depression Among Patients Receiving Treatment in a Partial Hospitalization Program.","authors":"Douglas R Terrill, Troy Hubert, Grace Yun, Eric O Ingram, Kristy Dalrymple","doi":"10.1002/jclp.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A meaningful portion of patients receiving psychological treatment do not respond to treatment. Identifying variables associated with non-response may allow clinicians to better predict who is less likely to respond, and alter treatment procedures accordingly. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize patients who did not respond to treatment in a partial hospitalization program and identify baseline variables that are most predictive of non-response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Variables were compared between responders and non-responders using chi-square tests of independence and independent samples t-tests. Two logistic LASSO regression models were conducted to separately identify variables associated with treatment non-response in a sample of patients with elevated anxiety or depression, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>24.8% of patients with elevated anxiety symptoms were classified as anxiety non-responders (n = 315), while 36.3% of patients with elevated depression symptoms were classified as depression non-responders (n = 445). Non-responders in both groups were characterized by greater clinical severity at baseline and discharge. Non-response in both groups was predicted by more comorbid diagnoses, greater functional impairment at baseline at discharge, and a greater number of treatment days attended and missed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that patients with greater levels of clinical severity, more functional impairment, and a greater number of absences were less likely to respond to PHP treatment. It is important to replicate these findings in independent samples to further examine what variables may be associated with non-response in this treatment setting, and therefore identify clinical strategies to reduce this phenomenon.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Clients' Religion/Spirituality Into Practice: A Comparison Between Psychologists, Counselors, Marriage and Family Therapists, and Clinical Social Workers in Colorado.","authors":"Robinder P Bedi, Thomas B Douce, Virginia R Dreier, Betty Cardona","doi":"10.1002/jclp.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study sought to examine the attitudes and behaviors about integrating client religion/spirituality (RS) into clinical practice for four mental health professions in Colorado.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional design was used consisting of the Religious/Spiritually Integrated Practice Assessment Scale and background questions to survey 619 licensed professional counselors, clinical social workers, psychologists, and marriage and family therapists living in Colorado. About 77% of respondents were cisgendered white women who reported an average age of 50, and over 75% had a personal religious affiliation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Profession was significantly associated with clinicians' attitudes about integration of client RS (partial η² = 0.039), with psychologists showing significantly lower positive attitudes than the other professions and a significantly lower overall RS integration score than counselors and marriage and family therapists. Compared with counselors, psychologists also reported a lower frequency of implementing several specific RS integration behaviors. Our results did not replicate the findings of between profession differences from a prior study in Texas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The sampled psychologists in Colorado may have less favorable attitudes about integrating client RS into clinical practice compared with other mental health professionals. New education initiatives, especially those sharing the positive and growing evidence-base for R/S-integrative therapies and interventions, may be useful in promoting more positive attitudes amongst these Colorado psychologists if their negative attitudes can be overcome. Reviewing the results of this study in light of previous research conducted in Texas (Oxhandler and Parrish 2018) suggests geographic heterogeneity in integrating RS into practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}