Journal of Clinical Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Internalized Stigma Is a Predictor of Mental Health Secrecy and Loneliness in Young People With Clinical Depression Symptoms: A Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Katie Prizeman, Ciara McCabe, Netta Weinstein","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Young people with depression experience loneliness and internalized stigma. Stigma might make disclosing depression to others difficult, thus increasing loneliness and reducing the opportunity for treatment. Knowing whether internalized stigma predicts loneliness and secrecy reinforces the need for stigma reduction efforts. The aim of this research was to examine the independent effects of internalized stigma and clinical depression on loneliness and mental health secrecy in young people with a range of depressive symptoms (Mood and Feelings Questionnaire score ≥ 27). A total of 275 young people (M_age = 20.53, SD = 2.17) were recruited and completed the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Inventory, the 5-Item Link's Secrecy Scale, and the UCLA Loneliness Scale at baseline and again at 1-month follow-up (N = 172, M_age = 20.40, SD = 2.00). Results showed that internalized stigma was associated with baseline loneliness (β = 0.57, 95% CI: 7.87-11.75, p < 0.001), baseline secrecy (β = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.23-0.45, p < 0.001), and secrecy over time (β = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.04-0.30, p = 0.009). This work highlights the need to develop targeted interventions to reduce stigma and encourage mental health disclosure and help-seeking behaviors among young people with depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Unique Associations of Thin-Ideal Internalization and Internalized Weight Stigma With Body Dissatisfaction Across Body Sizes.","authors":"Emma R Harris, Samantha L Hahn, K Jean Forney","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The internalization of socioculturally influenced body ideals, including thin-ideal internalization and internalized weight stigma, is consistently associated with body dissatisfaction. However, the independent contributions of thin-ideal internalization and internalized weight stigma to body dissatisfaction and the extent to which these two body ideals are distinct are unknown. The current study examined whether internalized weight stigma contributes to body dissatisfaction above and beyond the effects of thin-ideal internalization. To further investigate the independence of these two cultural processes, the current study also tested if body size moderates the association between thin-ideal internalization and internalized weight stigma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data come from 430 university students (80.7% female, 87.7% white) who completed surveys for partial course credit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both thin-ideal internalization (β = 0.202, p < 0.001) and internalized weight stigma (β = 0.638, p < 0.001) were associated with body dissatisfaction in a mutually adjusted regression model. However, the association between thin-ideal internalization and internalized weight stigma did not differ by body size (β = 0.054, p = 0.79).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thin-ideal internalization and internalized weight stigma are independent correlates of body dissatisfaction, regardless of weight status. As distinct constructs, both thin-ideal internalization and internalized weight stigma should be targeted in the prevention and treatment of body dissatisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescents: Psychometric Properties and Diagnostic Efficiency of a Juvenile Version of the Impulsivity and Emotion Dysregulation Scale (IES-27-J).","authors":"Maria Brede, Brigitte Dippold, Stephan Bender, Christoph Kröger, Maya Krischer","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The diagnostic efficiency of screening instruments for adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)-that are applicable to its new classification in DSM-5 and ICD-11-has not yet been sufficiently studied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined the reliability and diagnostic efficiency of the juvenile version of the Impulsivity and Emotion Dysregulation Scale (IES-27-J) in a German-speaking sample of inpatient 12-19-year-old adolescents (N = 220, including n = 88 with BPD and n = 132 with other mental disorders). Using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, optimal cutoff values were determined for this self-report instrument. Analyses were conducted for two different diagnostic thresholds with at least four and five BPD diagnostic criteria, respectively, in accordance with the semi-structured clinical interview International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results indicate that the IES-27-J is a reliable and valid instrument with moderate to high discriminative ability (areas under the curve [AUC] = 0.77 and 0.80, respectively). Using the preferred cutoff values, sensitivity (71% and 83%) and specificity (76% and 67%) turned out to be moderate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The application of the IES-27-J can be considered favorable in a two-stage approach, using a lower cutoff value in a first step to miss fewer patients with BPD, and conducting a clinical interview in a second step to confirm the diagnosis. More studies in different settings, including direct comparisons with other screening instruments, are necessary to further assess the clinical utility of the IES-27-J.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Intrinsic Association of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among Chinese Police Officers During COVID-19: Evidence From Network Perspective.","authors":"Jialu Jin, Yuanyuan An, Xiaohui Li, Di An","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23787","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The current study aimed to identify the core posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and to explore the longitudinal predictive relationships of these symptoms among Chinese police officers during COVID-19. Identifying the important symptoms of PTSS could help with informing future research to alleviate police officers' psychological problems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, a two-wave on-line investigation (4 months interval; T1 and T2) was conducted with a sample of 891 Chinese police officers who completed the Chinese version of PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Cross-sectional network and cross-lagged panel network (CLPN) analyses were adopted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that: (1) The most central nodes all belonged to the hyper-arousal and the negative cognition and emotion alteration clusters in both T1 and T2. (2) The strongest positive predictive paths were apparent from symptoms in hyper-arousal cluster to symptoms in negative cognition and emotion alteration cluster and intrusions cluster.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hyperarousal is the core symptom cluster among police officers during COVID-19, and it positively predict negative cognition and emotion alteration symptoms and intrusions symptoms over time. Future research could focus more on these symptoms and examine their role in the onset and development of PTSS in police officers following traumatic events.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Body Image in Chronic Pain: A Case Study Utilizing Virtual Reality.","authors":"Victor Navarro Moreno, Rocío Herrero, Ángel Zamora, Marta Miragall, Rosa M Baños","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This case study aims to provide data regarding the acceptability of CLEVER, a positive body image-based intervention supported by the use of virtual reality to improve body image and other pain-related variables in people with chronic low back pain.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The intervention consists of four sessions: Psychoeducation about pain and its impact on the body, Body Awareness, Acceptance of the body with pain, and Appreciation and gratitude toward the body. A daily monitoring and an interview were conducted to assess the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>John (fictitious name) is a 48-year-old man who has been suffering from low back pain for 5 years as a result of an accident at work. Before starting the intervention, the patient presented a considerable level of kinesiophobia, fear of pain, and emotional distress and he also reported body image problems due to pain. After the intervention, data showed a moderate effect on pain interference, kinesiophobia, a reduction of emotional distress and a questionable effect on pain catastrophizing and pain intensity. Regarding Positive Body Image variables, results showed a moderate improvement in Appreciation of Body Functionality and a questionable effect on Pain Acceptance and Body Awareness. The patient also showed good adherence to the treatment and good acceptability of the intervention and the virtual environments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CLEVER-BODY is the first positive body image-based intervention using Virtual Reality that has shown improvements in variables related to pain and body image. Nonetheless, further studies will be necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention in a larger sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deliberate Practice Supervision in Action: The Sentio Supervision Model.","authors":"Jason Brand, Madeleine Miller-Bottome, Alexandre Vaz, Tony Rousmaniere","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deliberate Practice (DP) is gaining consensus by researchers as a potentially promising method to increase therapist's effectiveness. While many clinicians and trainers now support DP's potential benefits, there is still a lack of guidelines, research, and training on implementing DP in clinical supervision. Recently, Vaz and Rousmaniere have proposed the Sentio Supervision Model as a method to integrate three major supervision-enhancing contributions: the use of routine outcome monitoring, the use of therapy recordings, and the use of DP skills training. We present a case study focusing on one client's treatment progress and their therapist's engagement in weekly supervision following the Sentio Supervision Model. The client had been identified by the outcome measure as being at risk of deterioration, and after DP supervision showed recovery and became on track for a good treatment outcome. Annotated transcripts provide a closer look into the clinical and supervisory process and how the latter influenced the former. We highlight the potential benefits and challenges inherent to this novel Supervision Model.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alexithymia in Schizophrenia and Psychosis Vulnerability: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Ercan Ozdemir, Zhuoni Xiao, Helen Griffiths, Angus MacBeth","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Disturbances involving impairments in experience and expression of affect are frequently identified in schizophrenia samples. Alexithymia underlies cognitive impairments in identification and expression of affect, further implicated in affect dysregulation. The current review aimed to systematically review the literature and estimate the strength of associations between alexithymia and schizophrenia phenomenology.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis identified 67 studies involving measures of alexithymia in psychosis. All studies were assessed for quality and publication bias. Overall, data from 47 studies were suitable for meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Alexithymia and schizophrenia were consistently positively associated with a large effect size (k = 11). Compared to control groups, a schizophrenia diagnosis was positively associated with large magnitude effects for difficulties in identifying feelings (k = 18) and moderate effect sizes for difficulties in describing feelings (k = 17) and externally oriented thinking (k = 11). Data from community samples indicated moderate associations between subclinical negative symptoms and difficulties in identifying and describing feelings (k = 4) and a small association between positive symptoms and difficulties in identifying feelings (k = 5).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Alexithymia and schizophrenia are strongly associated. However, methodological issues limit the establishment of directionality in these associations. The majority of studies use cross-sectional designs reliant on self-report assessments which may result in over-estimation of the reported effect sizes. Future research could conceptualize alexithymia as a stress-reactive multidimensional construct, and modeling dynamic relationships between alexithymia, psychological distress, and schizophrenia phenomenology should incorporate confounders such as gender, age, and neurocognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mentalizing Oneself and Others in Anorexia Nervosa: From Subjective Evaluation to Performance.","authors":"Emilie Auger, Jean-Louis Nandrino, Karyn Doba","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23791","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study examined impairment in two main dimensions of mentalizing (self-other and emotional-cognitive) in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) by combining self-reported measures with performance-based tasks.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Forty-five patients with AN recruited from an eating disorder unit and 45 healthy controls (HCs) recruited from the general population completed the Mentalization Scale and the Movie for Assessment of Social Cognition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that in self-reported evaluations of their mentalization process, patients with AN hypo-mentalized about themselves and others' mental states. However, they used more hyper-mentalizing than HCs when mentalizing others' emotional and cognitive mental states in performance-based tasks. Finally, the severity of eating symptoms in patients with AN was associated with higher levels of perceived hypo-mentalizing about their own mental states and lower levels of perceived hypo-mentalizing of others' mental states. No associations were found between the severity of eating symptoms and mentalizing performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study emphasizes the importance of mentalizing impairment in patients with AN, which should be considered via a multidimensional approach that considers both emotional and cognitive dimensions and the ability to assess patients' competences.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Virtual Reality Social Environments to Promote Outcomes' Generalization of AVATAR Therapy for Distressing Voices: A Case Study.","authors":"Mar Rus-Calafell, Nils Ehrbar, Tobias Teismann, Silvia Schneider, Ekincan Tas, Simon Schuster, Clementine Edwards, Mark Huckvale, Thomas Craig, Philippa Garety, Thomas Ward","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AVATAR therapy (AT) works by facilitating a 'face-to-face' dialog between the person and a digital representation (avatar) of their persecutory voice. Although there is cumulative evidence of this way of working with voices, enhancing the therapeutic focus on improved confidence and a sense of control of the voices in social situations represents a promising way to boost the generalization of therapy gains into social contexts. This paper presents a descriptive clinical case example of AVATAR_VRSocial therapy, a new augmented version of AT incorporating immersive Virtual Reality to help the person deal better with their voices in daily situations. \"Laura\" is a woman who was hearing a very distressing, threatening voice. She felt anxious and distressed when anticipating hearing it and would engage in safety-seeking behaviors to prevent hearing the voice. Laura was supported to stand up to her avatar and regain power over it by using assertive responses, both in active avatar dialog and when exposed to the avatar voice in VR scenarios, which turned into reduced distress when hearing the voice in her everyday life. Laura's dialog with her avatar evolved into a more explicit exploration of the meaning and the purpose of the voice in relation to previous trauma and personal relationships. The additional work in VR appeared to facilitate exposure to social situations while hearing the distressing voice, without performing seeking-safety behaviors, and to allow for practicing strategies to reduce the voice's interference, which evolved from the dialogic sessions with the personalized avatar.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Autistic Young Adults' Perceptions and Experiences of Traumatic and Stressful Events.","authors":"Alliyza Lim, Robyn L Young","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to explore how young autistic adults experience and respond to stressful life events, and the relationship between autistic characteristics and symptoms of stress associated with these events.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using an exploratory sequential mixed-methods approach, an online qualitative survey was first administered to 50 autistic young adults asking about their perceptions of trauma and the role that autistic behaviours may play in their perceptions of and responses to traumatic events. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. To examine the generalisability of these findings, a quantitative survey was developed based on the themes generated and then administered to 150 autistic and 149 non-autistic young adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Autistic and non-autistic participants described similar perceptions of trauma. Autistic participants reported greater interpersonal trauma exposure and more symptoms of stress than non-autistic comparisons. Among participants who experienced a DSM-5-TR traumatic event, autistic traits (as measured by select items of the Social Responsiveness Scale [SRS-2]) accounted for a combined 16.2% of the variance in PTSD symptoms (as measured by the PTSD Checklist [PCL-5]). Autistic participants highlighted that a significant factor that sets their experience apart from that of non-autistic individuals is that autism is already a challenging condition to manage. Participants identified four main ways that autism and trauma interact: (1) autism increases one's vulnerability to experiencing a stressful event, (2) autism amplifies the impact of the trauma, (3) autistic behaviours can serve as healthy or unhealthy coping mechanisms, and (4) autism compounds barriers to receiving support.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An overarching theme that permeated the narratives of autistic young adults was, \"The autistic experience of trauma is fundamentally different.\" There is thus a need for clinicians to develop thorough case conceptualisations that consider the interaction between autism and trauma when working with an autistic population.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}