Journal of Clinical Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Deliberate Practice Supervision to Enhance the Effectiveness of Behavioral Activation for Depression: A Case Study.","authors":"Dan Sacks","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deliberate Practice (DP) is a model of behavioral skill acquisition structured by several key tasks. The past decade has shown a consistent growth in interest in this form of learning for psychotherapy skills, with promising research suggesting DP training is superior to traditional learning methods of psychotherapy. This paper presents a case study of a single practitioner's experience with Deliberate Practice. It follows a clinician treating a client diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) while learning Behavioral Activation under the guidance of a DP Supervisor. The main components of DP are presented: direct observation of performance, concrete feedback, defining learning goals, performing repeated behavioral rehearsal and the ongoing assessment of performance. Real case vignettes are used to demonstrate these components. The paper concludes with a discussion of challenges that DP supervisors commonly face, and some practical implications for clinicians.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Take a Look at Me Now: The Use of Virtual Reality in the Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder.","authors":"Katharina Meyerbröker, Paul Emmelkamp","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23782","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jclp.23782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In anxiety and related disorders, Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) was one of the first steps toward integrating technology into psychological treatments. In this article, we discuss crucial therapeutical skills and provide a case conceptualisation for the treatment of social anxiety disorder with VRET. The case conceptualisation is based on evidence-based cognitive-behavioural treatment approaches. Social anxiety can be very challenging to treat with exposure in vivo, and virtual reality exposure offers the added benefit of being able to create social situations and real-time interactions within the therapeutic context. The case conceptualisation presented is worked out for a 23-year-old female with social anxiety disorder who is increasingly hindered by her anxiety in her professional and personal life. The treatment rationale of VRET, homework assignments, and progress of therapy are presented. Additionally, this paper discusses what steps to take if the first exposure experiences are not successful and how to progress in such cases. Therapeutic pitfalls are illustrated within this case and potential solutions on how to avoid these pitfalls are addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological Interventions for Sleep Problems Among Medical and Paramedical Students: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Vijandran A Mariappan, Firdaus Mukhtar","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23781","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jclp.23781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep problems such as poor sleep quality and insomnia are common issues among medical and paramedical students, which may lead to mental health disorders and impaired academic performance. Despite the availability of different sleep programs and psychological interventions, as well as a few reviews exploring their effects on sleep variables in college students, a systematic review comparing their effectiveness in medical students is still lacking. This systematic review aims to investigate psychological interventions to improve sleep quality and address sleep problems in medical students. Four databases (PubMed, SciDirect, Scopus, and PsycNet) were searched to retrieve original research articles written in English and published from January 1, 2000, to September 30, 2023. Outcome measures were sleep quality, insomnia, sleep behavior, sleep quantity, and sleep-related problems. A total of 19 articles met the inclusion criteria, and 4 categories of interventions were identified (1) sleep hygiene, (2) cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), (3) a combination of sleep hygiene/CBT with other modalities, and (4) other psychotherapeutic interventions such as progressive muscle relaxation, hypnotherapy, aromatherapy yoga, and mindfulness. Ten studies were randomized control trials, two were quasi-experimental, and the remaining seven were pre- and post-intervention designs (one group only and no control). Overall, both individual CBT and sleep hygiene education led to significant improvement in sleep quality and sleep problems among medical students, but CBT was more effective with consistent positive effects on sleep quality. Nevertheless, significant improvements in sleep quality and sleep-related outcomes were observed in studies combining these psychological interventions. Effective comparisons were limited due to the substantial heterogeneity between the studies. Further research is required to elucidate the type of psychological intervention, optimal mode of delivery, duration, and number of contacts of these interventions, including the moderators to improve sleep quality among medical students.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endo Belly: A Mixed Methods Exploration of Body Image, Disordered Eating, and Psychopathology in Endometriosis.","authors":"Mia L Pellizzer, Katherine Robinson, Tracey D Wade","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>There is increasing interest in the impact of endometriosis on body image, however, there is minimal understanding of the presence and nature of disordered eating. As body image dissatisfaction is elevated in this population and a risk factor for eating disorders, it is likely that disordered eating is also elevated which has important clinical implications for prevention and intervention. The current study aimed to explore the relationships between endometriosis, body image flexibility, eating disorder psychopathology, negative affect, and self-criticism using a mixed-methods design.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>People (n = 179) with endometriosis, over the age of 18 years, and living in Australia were recruited using social media. Quantitative measures included the Body Image Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire 7-item Short Form, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales, and the Inadequate Self subscale of the Forms of Self-Criticising/Attacking and Self-Reassuring Scale. Participants were also asked two open-ended questions that enabled reflexive thematic analysis of the impact endometriosis has on body image and eating, using Braun and Clarke's six phase process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were mostly female, heterosexual, White, and had a mean age of 30. The sample demonstrated high levels of eating disorder psychopathology, negative affect, and self-criticism, and low body image flexibility. Thematic analysis yielded three main themes, that were highly consistent with quantitative findings: Body disappointment, Food as an enemy, and Stolen identity and joy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the need for prevention and intervention efforts focused on reducing eating disorder psychopathology and body image concerns experienced by individuals with endometriosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Mindfulness to Manage Moral Injury in Veterans: Feasibility and Satisfaction of a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Michelle L Kelley, Adrian J Bravo, Elizabeth E Burgin, Susan A Gaylord, Christine Vinci, Megan Strowger, Jeffrey M Gabelmann, Joseph M Currier","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study assessed program feasibility and satisfaction among recent-era veterans who participated in Mindfulness to Manage Moral Injury (MMMI), a live facilitated web-based 7-week mindfulness-based program targeting moral injury among veterans.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In total, 56 post-9/11 veterans were recruited with 28 randomized to the MMMI condition and 28 to the Education and Support (ES) condition. Most participants identified as being White (71.4%), male (66.1%), and had a reported mean age of 41.50 years (Median = 39.50, SD = 9.26).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 56 participants, 82.1% attended at least one treatment session and 44.6% completed all seven sessions. There were no significant differences in the average number of sessions attended between the MMMI (M = 4.79, SD = 2.70) and the ES (M = 4.68, SD = 2.84) conditions, t(54) = 0.145, p = 0.87. Regarding randomization, there were no statistically significant differences on almost all demographic (i.e., years in military, gender, ethnicity) characteristics and baseline scores on all outcomes across treatment conditions, thus ensuring randomization was adequately met. Of the 56 who consented, 41 (73.21%) completed most study components (i.e., completed baseline and follow-up surveys, at least 1 weekly survey, and attended at least one treatment session). Regarding treatment satisfaction, individuals in the MMMI condition reported higher treatment satisfaction (Cohen's d = 0.66).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Preliminary findings suggest MMMI is feasible and acceptable and may be able to reach veterans who may not seek traditional Veterans Affairs Medical Center care or who prefer a web-based program. Given its promise for the treatment of moral injury among veterans, MMMI warrants additional large-scale clinical-trial testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Deliberate Practice Into Group Supervision: A Case Illustration.","authors":"Elisabet Rosén","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of many challenges in group supervision is the question of how to keep every participant engaged and fully available for learning. This paper describes a group supervision structure that uses Deliberate Practice (DP) to involve every participant in the group through the development of therapeutic skills intended to enhance the effectiveness of their work with clients. A case example illustrates how this process unfolded in the context of therapy with a specific client, conducted by a psychiatrist undergoing psychotherapy training in a deliberate practice supervision group. Analysis of video recordings of group supervision sessions and notes on solitary deliberate practice are used to illustrate how a DP structure engaged all participants in the group, while also facilitating the clinical development of the supervised psychiatrist and enhancing patient outcomes. A DP approach to group supervision enables participants to learn from each other's cases, through the deployment of flexible activities that engage all members of the group while also providing personalized skills training.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking Psychotherapy Training and Supervision: The Case for Deliberate Practice.","authors":"Alexandre Vaz, Julia McLeod, Helene A Nissen-Lie","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychotherapy supervision research has led to mixed, often disappointing results as to its effects on clinicians' skills acquisition and final treatment outcomes. Put simply, it is unclear if traditional supervision methods reliably increase therapist effectiveness. To answer this longstanding challenge, Deliberate Practice (DP) is now increasingly being recognized by leading authors and researchers as an effective method for enhancing therapists' skills. Despite this growing agreement about the potential advantages of DP methods, there remains a shortage of research, guidelines and real-world case presentations for their implementation in clinical supervision. In this introductory paper, we present an issue of the Journal of Clinical Psychology: In Session that showcases diverse modalities and approaches through which DP can be integrated into clinical supervision. To set the stage, this paper presents the major definitions, research evidence, and potential benefits and challenges of a DP-informed psychotherapy supervision. We highlight that while available research is promising, much is still needed to elevate the promise of DP into an evidence-based learning method that reliable increases therapist's skills and outcomes. As such, we conclude with a call encouraging clinicians, trainers and researchers alike to experiment with the methods here described and contribute to this exciting new development in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychologists' Diagnostic Accuracy and Treatment Recommendations for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.","authors":"Leah Weinberg, Luci A Martin, Kristina M Post, Emily J Ricketts","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating condition prevalent in up to 2.3% of the population, yet obsessive-compulsive symptoms are commonly misidentified by mental health professionals, adversely impacting treatment recommendations. This study examined OCD misidentification rates across two different types of obsessions, the influence of misidentification on treatment recommendation, and attitudes associated with clinicians' decisions surrounding the diagnosis of OCD and treatment recommendations in a sample of 110 licensed psychologists. Results showed that over one-third (35.0%) of participants incorrectly diagnosed two vignettes, representing symptoms of sexual orientation OCD (SO-OCD) and symmetry. Of those who correctly diagnosed the vignettes, about half of participants (symmetry = 55.4%; SO-OCD = 47.1%) recommended exposure and response prevention (ERP) as the primary treatment choice. Participants who endorsed greater client empowerment were more likely to misdiagnose the SO-OCD vignette (t(108) = 2.97, p = 0.004). Less experience with evidence-based practice and negative attitudes toward evidence-based practice were associated with the choice of treatment other than ERP (t(71) = -2.98, p = 0.004 and t(72) = 3.40, p < 0.001, respectively). Elevated OCD misdiagnosis and its adverse impact on treatment recommendations, as well as knowledge of factors contributing to misdiagnosis and mistreatment, imply the need for greater education and training.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenge and Support: Scaffolding the Practicing Therapist in DP Supervision.","authors":"Vidar M Husby","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While consensus on the importance of deliberate practice (DP) in psychotherapy increases, clarification of key elements in DP supervision is yet to be seen. An international collaboration between researchers, authors, supervisors, and therapists has proposed a method for DP supervision and created a training program for DP supervisors. This has led to a six-step overview model for DP and the DP Supervisor Competency Rating Scale (Vaz, Rousmaniere and Husby, 2023). DP in the context of supervision has concrete steps and requires specific supervisor skills. This article illustrates these with a case study consisting of twelve sessions with a trained DP supervisor and a supervisee that is a seasoned clinical psychologist. Annotated session transcripts provide a step-by-step qualitative representation of the collaborative process in identifying client challenge, therapist deficit and actionable learning goals as well as the in-session behavioral rehearsal. The article presents the DP-supervision overall trajectory, as well as both supervisee's and supervisor's input on the process. It discusses the importance of integrating conceptual, conditional, and procedural knowledge in therapist development, and claims that the same is true for DP-supervisor development. Finally, the need for empirical investigation of the proposed key elements in DP supervision is emphasized.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143408091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Negative Body Experience in a Clinical Sample of Mental Disorders: Associations With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Mood Disorders, and Personality Disorders.","authors":"Minke M van de Kamp, Mia Scheffers, Claudia Emck, Pim Cuijpers, Peter J Beek","doi":"10.1002/jclp.23776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While body experience is a key focus of treatment in psychomotor therapy (PMT), research has largely overlooked this important topic. In this study we explored three domains of body experience-body satisfaction, body attitude, and interoceptive awareness-in individuals with mental disorders in a clinical sample receiving PMT. We expected these patients to have a more negative body experience than nonclinical controls, with PTSD, mood disorders, personality disorders, and sex negatively affecting all three domains of body experience. The study involved 235 participants aged 18-59 with various mental disorders that were referred to PMT between 2008 and 2017 at a mental health center in the Netherlands. They completed questionnaires on all three of the body experience domains of interest. One sample t-tests revealed that patients had significantly greater negative body satisfaction and body attitude than nonclinical control samples obtained from the literature, with no significant difference in interoceptive awareness. Regression analyses within the patient sample revealed that female patients and patients with mood disorders or PTSD, displayed more negative body satisfaction than patients with other mental disorders. Additionally, female patients and patients with mood disorders displayed more negative body attitude. Although the total patient group and controls had comparable interoceptive awareness, only PTSD had significantly lower interoceptive awareness. Age and personality disorders did not predict differences on any domain of body experience. This research demonstrates that body experience is disturbed in patients with mental disorders who received PMT, and that there are disorder-specific disturbances on domains of body experience domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":15395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143408075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}