Psychological Reports最新文献

{"title":"An fNIRS Study of the Effects of Sound in Real Scenes on Joint Attention among Individuals With Autistic Traits in China.","authors":"Linfei Su, Youyuan Li, Mingyu Wen, Yaqian Zhao, Fu Yang, Ling Wei","doi":"10.1177/00332941251323260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941251323260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is no consensus on whether adult with autistic traits joint attention (JA) deficits. Additionally, previous studies have mostly been conducted in traditional laboratory settings, lacking ecological validity. This study aimed to address these limitations by using real-life scenarios and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) techniques to investigate the impact of sound cues on JA among individuals with Autistic Traits in China. 23 high autistic trait and 26 low autistic trait adult participated, which examined brain activation during JA in real-life scenarios. The results revealed that high autistic trait adult showed stronger brain activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal regions during JA compared to non-joint attention, and stronger than that of low autistic trait. <b>Conclusion:</b> Sound cues were found to enhance the performance of high AQ adult during JA tasks in real-life scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941251323260"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disentangling Attachment, Parental Bonding, and Depression Symptoms in Young Adults.","authors":"Rick Ingram, Melissa Van Veldhuizen","doi":"10.1177/00332941251323240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941251323240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Irregularities in parental attachment and parental bonding are both linked to depressive symptoms in young adults. Although these two constructs are associated with each other, they are also distinct. Bonding and attachment are often studied separately, with little research comparing them in their ability to uniquely predict depressive symptoms. The current study examined these constructs in the same study to further elucidate their relationship with depressive symptomatology, as well as examine whether they are indeed separate constructs in their linkage to these symptoms. Measures of parental bonding, attachment, and depression were administered to determine if they could predict scores on a measure of depression. Results suggested that attachment and bonding are in fact unique constructs that are both associated with depressive symptoms. In a combined model, the anxious dimension of attachment was significant. As anxious attachment increased, so did depressive symptoms. The bonding factors of mother and father care were both shown to be protective factors in the combined model as well. As each parental care factor increased, depressive symptoms decreased. This study helps bridge the gap between research on attachment and bonding in depression. It also presents evidence that they uniquely predict depressive symptoms, even when examined concurrently.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941251323240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher Precision of Memory for Time Using Verbal-Numerical Versus Visuospatial Reports.","authors":"Monica Di Ghionno, Matteo Frisoni, Annalisa Tosoni, Giorgia Committeri, Carlo Sestieri","doi":"10.1177/00332941251323244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941251323244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A reliable method for exploring the temporal representation of past events is to assess the time of occurrence of discrete stimuli extracted from the original experience on a horizontal timeline representing the event duration. Previous studies using a visual analog scale (VAS) indicate that temporal judgments about movie segments from a commercial movie can be very precise, even when using long audiovisual material at encoding. This result might reflect the benefit of relying on an explicit visuospatial representation of the encoded material when making temporal judgments. To test this hypothesis, the present study compared the temporal memory performance when human observers reported their judgments using either a visual analog scale or verbal-numerical reports, using both a between-subject and a within-subject design. Participants encoded a ∼90 min movie and the next day provided time-of-occurrence judgments on a series of video clips extracted from the movie. In both the within- and the between-subject design, we observed a higher memory precision in the verbal-numeral compared to the visuospatial VAS condition. The results do not align with the idea of a spatial representational bias for temporal memory judgments and suggest a previously unknown memory facilitation effect when temporal memory is assessed using verbal-numerical reports.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941251323244"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Health, Mentalising and Empathy in Australian Healthcare Workers During COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Maria V Soloveva, Joshua Ravindran, Ayse Sakar","doi":"10.1177/00332941251322375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941251322375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the outbreak of a Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), healthcare workers have consistently exhibited increased stress, anxiety and depression. However, no study to date, has yet examined whether these symptoms are associated with social cognitive skills, known to be paramount in delivering high quality patient care. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether the symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression were related to both empathy and mentalising in healthcare workers who worked during the COVID-19 outbreak in Australia. Participants were healthcare workers with an average age of 31.9 years (<i>N</i> = 177). Participants completed the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and the Reading the Mind in The Eyes Test (RMET) between May 24th and June 21st, 2021. We found that higher stress levels in healthcare workers were associated with improved abilities in understanding others' emotions and mental states, showing affective empathy and engaging in imaginative thinking. Conversely, increased anxiety was linked to reduced understanding of others' emotions and mental states in this cohort. No other significant associations were observed. Our findings suggest that organisational initiatives are needed to deliver targeted interventions and specialised programs to support social cognitive skills in healthcare workers. Future studies with longitudinal designs are needed to better characterise mental health-social cognition associations and disentangle its directionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941251322375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Role of Avoidance Expectancies and Metacognitions About Social Compensation Through SNSs in the Pathway From Psychological Distress to Problematic Social Networking Sites Use.","authors":"Silvia Casale, Giulia Fioravanti, Alessio Gori, Francesco Nigro, Sara Bocci Benucci","doi":"10.1177/00332941251320309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941251320309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Problematic Social Networking Sites Use (PSNSU) develops along differential trajectories depending on different predisposing factors and motivations, one of which involves psychological distress. The present studies aimed at investigating (1) which distress dimension (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress) is more linked to PSNSU, and (2) whether metacognitions about social compensation through social networking sites (SNSs) use and avoidance expectancies mediate these links. Two independent cross-sectional studies were conducted. Study 1 involved 1.637 social networking site users (Mage = 25.07 + 11.70; %Females = 59.9%). Results showed that users who report PSNSU symptoms were more likely to present symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, which accurately classified 83.05% of individuals with PSNSU symptoms. Depression and stress - but not anxiety - significantly predict PSNSU. A small subgroup of individuals with PSNSU symptoms who obtained normal scores on depression, anxiety, and stress scales was also identifiable. Study 2 was conducted to address the second aim. We recruited a new sample of 510 social networking site users (Mage = 32.62 ± 11.83; %Females = 57.5%) and focused on depression and social anxiety as psychological distress dimensions. Through Structural Equation Modeling, we found that depressive symptoms predicted PSNSU directly and indirectly via both metacognitions about social compensation through SNSs use and avoidance expectancies. Social anxiety predicted PSNSU only indirectly. The model explained 68% of the variance in PSNSU levels. These studies show that assessment of psychological distress may require priority when treating clients presenting with PSNSU. Avoidance and metacognitions related to the usefulness of SNSs use for social compensation should be the focus of interventions, especially when it comes to individuals with social anxiety symptoms. Yet, our first study also encourages considering pathways that may be independent of depression and anxiety, as a form of PSNSU unrelated to psychological distress was identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941251320309"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Technologies Damage Our Personal Life? The Association of Technostress and Work-Life Fit for Employees' Psychological Well-Being: A Cross-Cultural Mediation Model.","authors":"Rossella Bottaro, Katya De Giovanni, Palmira Faraci","doi":"10.1177/00332941251320556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941251320556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> The integration of information and communication technologies (ICTs) into the daily and professional lives of individuals has a significant impact on their psychological well-being. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to gain novel insights into the relationships between technostress, psychological well-being and work-life fit, as well as the cultural differences between Maltese and Italian employees. <b>Methods:</b> The study sample consisted of 362 workers, with equal representation from both countries, who completed an online survey from March to April 2023. The mean age of the participants was 43.36 years (<i>SD</i> = 11.51). A series of psychometric self-report instruments were used to assess the study variables. t-tests and mediation analyses were conducted to compare the new theoretical model across groups. <b>Results:</b> The results indicated that the Maltese group scored higher on technostress, techno-invasion, and work-life interface than the Italian group. However, the Maltese group scored lower on work-life improvement, perceived social support from family and friends, life satisfaction, and self-esteem compared to the Italian group. Finally, our findings support the indirect effect of technostress on the indicators of psychological well-being mediated by work/personal life enhancement for both the whole and Maltese sample, but only partially for the Italian group. <b>Conclusions:</b> This paper provides further insight into the impact of ICTs on employees' work and personal lives, while highlighting the significant cultural differences between countries. It is crucial to promote the healthy use of ICTs in the workplace while ensuring an appropriate work-life fit. Finally, a culture-oriented perspective was emphasized.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941251320556"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Assessment of the Mental Health Self-Management Questionnaire in a Clinical Sample With Anxiety Disorders.","authors":"Natalia Muñoz Gómez, Simon Coulombe, Janie Houle, Nathalie Carrier, Martin D Provencher, Peter J Norton, Pasquale Roberge","doi":"10.1177/00332941251320305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941251320305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of self-management strategies plays an active role in the recovery process of individuals suffering from mental disorders. The Mental Health Self-Management Questionnaire (MHSQ) was developed to give empirical insight into the construct of self-management. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of this recent instrument in a sample of patients meeting DSM-5 criteria for anxiety disorders. Data were drawn from a randomized controlled trial examining transdiagnostic group cognitive-behavioural therapy compared to treatment-as-usual for anxiety disorders. Participants (<i>n</i> = 231) completed a structured interview for anxiety disorders and several self-reported measures, including the MHSQ. Confirmatory factor analysis for the initial three-factor structure showed adequate fit after adding covariances between certain items. The MHSQ had acceptable reliability for the <i>clinical</i> (α = .73, ω = .78), <i>empowerment</i> (α = .80, ω = .80) and <i>vitality</i> (α = .71, ω = .71) subscales. Results showed high correlations with measures of well-being and moderate correlations with measures of disability and depression, especially on the empowerment and vitality subscales. Lower correlations were found between the MHSQ and anxiety symptoms. The linear mixed model examining sensitivity to change showed that the MHSQ score at post-treatment was significantly greater for the experimental condition compared to the control condition for the clinical and empowerment subscales. The MHSQ is a promising measure, and research with other clinical populations and long-term follow-up is warranted to gather further evidence on the validity and fidelity of the instrument.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941251320305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Conceptual Relation Between the Need to Belong and Sense-of-Belongingness.","authors":"Saga Pardede, Velibor Bobo Kovač","doi":"10.1177/00332941251320281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941251320281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>All humans have a fundamental need to belong (NTB), that is, forming and maintaining social connections. However, having these positive social bonds does not necessarily equal one's <i>sense-of</i>-<i>belongingness</i> (SOB). Contemporary literature frequently uses NTB and SOB interchangeably, or SOB is seen as a by-product of NTB satisfaction. This conceptual paper aims to (1) provide the arguments that there exists a difference between the \"Need to Belong\" as a universal construct of fundamental psychological need and \"<i>sense-of-belongingness\"</i> as a sensation that arose from distinct belongingness conditions, and (2) argue that these differences bear on human action under specific situations and contexts. Two hypothetical life situations are presented to illustrate the divergence of one's motivational need to belong compared to the specific self-processes regarding one's <i>sense-of-belongingness</i>. We concluded that there are arguments to claim that NTB and SOB, under specific social conditions, might be conceptually and empirically opposed or unrelated to one another.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941251320281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mind or Body? What Mediates the Influence of Emotion-Specific Bodily Maps on Single Emotion Recognition?","authors":"Roland Neumann, Kim D Opdensteinen","doi":"10.1177/00332941251320555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941251320555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In two experiments, we examined if single emotion recognition is improved by a training to assign bodily maps (i.e., topographically distinct and culturally universal bodily sensations) to corresponding emotions. In Experiment 1, participants in the experimental group (<i>N</i> = 38) viewed emotion-arousing pictures eliciting predominantly one specific emotion (i.e., fear, anger, disgust, and sadness) and learned to assign emotions to emotion-specific bodily sensations. Control group participants (<i>N</i> = 36) were exposed to the same set of pictures and judged the content of the pictures on semantic dimensions (e.g., animals, people). Subsequently, a set of emotion-arousing pictures was presented, and all participants were asked to estimate the intensity of each emotion. Training of emotion-specific bodily maps improved single emotion recognition relative to the control group. Experiment 2 (<i>N</i> = 43) replicated the findings of Experiment 1 and suggests that the training effect is caused by semantic processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941251320555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Reliability Generalization Meta-Analysis of Children's Test Anxiety Scale.","authors":"Emre Tümtürk, Sedat Sen","doi":"10.1177/00332941251320284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941251320284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to estimate pooled reliability values for the total and sub-scales of the Children's Test Anxiety Scale (CTAS) and to investigate the sources for the heterogeneity between the reliability estimates of the studies using the scale. In line with this purpose, a reliability generalization meta-analysis was applied, with 34 studies reporting 38 alpha coefficients. We also examined the induction rates of the CTAS. The pooled reliability values were estimated as .915, .867, .795, and .740 for the total scale, thoughts, autonomic reactions, and off-task behaviors sub-scales, respectively. Results of the meta-analysis showed that heterogeneity was detected in the total and subscales, and moderator analyses were conducted to determine the source of heterogeneity. The analyses revealed the statistical significance of some categorical (school level, continent, country, scale type, language, publication type) and continuous (mean age and mean scale score) variables. Reliability induction rate was determined to be 11.21%. This study represents the first reliability generalization analysis of the CTAS. The generalized reliability of both the CTAS and its subscales was established. Our findings endorse the CTAS as reliable instruments for assessing test anxiety in children. The limitations of the scale were mentioned, and suggestions were made to the researchers. Recommendations are offered for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941251320284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}