Neuropsychobiology最新文献

{"title":"Identifying Neuro-inflammatory Biomarkers of Generalized Anxiety Disorder from Lymphocyte Subsets based on machine learning approaches.","authors":"Jingjing Lu, Weiwei Liang, Lijun Cui, Shaoqi Mou, Xuedan Pei, Xinhua Shen, Zhongxia Shen, Ping Shen","doi":"10.1159/000543646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Activation of the inflammatory response system is involved in the pathogenesis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize inflammatory biomarkers in the diagnosis of GAD based on machine learning algorithms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The evaluation of peripheral immune parameters and lymphocyte subsets was performed on patients with GAD. Multivariable linear regression was used to explore the association between lymphocyte subsets and the of severity GAD. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the predictive value of these immunological parameters for GAD. Machine learning technology was applied to classify the collected data from patients in the GAD and healthy control groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 340 patients enrolled, 171 were GAD patients and 169 were non-GAD patients as healthy control. The levels of neutrophil (NEU), monocytes (MON) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) were significantly elevated in GAD patients (P<0.01), and the count and proportion of immune cells, including CD3+CD4+ T cells, CD3+CD8+ T cells, CD19+ B cells and CD3-CD16+CD56+ NK cells (P<0.001) have undergone large changes. The classification analysis conducted by machine learning using a weighted ensemble-L2 algorithm demonstrated an accuracy of 95.00±2.04% in assessing the predictive value of these lymphocyte subsets in GAD. In addition, the feature importance analysis score is 0.255, which was much more predictive of GAD severity than for other lymphocyte subsets.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the presented work, we show the level of lymphocyte subsets altered in GAD. Lymphocyte subsets, specifically CD3+CD4+ T %, can serve as neuroinflammatory biomarkers for GAD diagnostics. Furthermore, the application of machine learning offers a highly efficient approach for investigating neuroinflammatory biomarkers and predicting GAD. Our research has provided novel insights into the involvement of cellular immunity in GAD and highlighted the potential predictive value and therapeutic targets of lymphocyte subsets in this disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Annotation of Bipolar Disorder 2 Risk Location Implicates Novel Susceptibility Genes.","authors":"Güneş Şayan Can, Ebru Bakır, Yavuz Oktay","doi":"10.1159/000543504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bipolar 2 disorder (BD2) is an independent disease with specific familial aggregation, significant functional impairment, specific treatment challenges and several distinctive clinical features. However, unlike bipolar 1 disorder, studies investigating causal and functional genes are lacking. This study aims to identify and prioritize causal genetic variants and genes for BD2 by analyzing brain-specific gene expression markers, to improve the understanding of its genetic underpinnings and support advancements in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used FUMA, a genome wide association study (GWAS) annotation tool, to pinpoint potential causal variants and genes from the largest BD2 GWAS data. Candidate causal variants most likely affecting brain gene expression were prioritized using the following criteria: (1) variants identified as eSNPs in any brain region within any brain expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) dataset; (2) variants annotated in the Regulome database with a score <5, indicating likely functional localization; (3) the most common 15-core chromatin state across all cell types in the Roadmap Epigenomics data being ≤7, reflecting an open chromatin state; (4) localization in genomic regions with evidence of 3D chromatin interactions, as such interactions mediate genetic effects on gene expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified AGRN, ORMDL3, SLC25A39, RUNDC3A, NOS2, C1orf159, RP11-5407.18, RP11-465B22.3, RP11-5407.17 as candidate causal genes. These genes are associated with important pathways such as synapse formation, mitochondrial and oxidative metabolism, intracellular transport, neurotransmission and lipid metabolism-related pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides a guide for further experimental validation of functional variants, BD2-associated genes and novel drug targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood Maltreatment and Somatic Symptoms in Adulthood: Establishing a New Research Pathway.","authors":"Antonia M Lüönd, Görkem Ayas, Rahel Bachem, Julia Carranza-Neira, David J Eberle, Natalia E Fares-Otero, Mohammad Hashim, Naved Iqbal, Dan Jenkins, Saman Kamari Songhorabadi, Katharina Ledermann, Nino Makhashvili, Chantal Martin Soelch, Ertaç Nebioğlu, Misari Oe, Juliet N Olayinka, Miranda Olff, Laura Picot, Soraya Seedat, Tanya Tandon, Dany L Wadji, Jacqueline S Womersley, Ulrich Schnyder, Vedat Sar, Monique C Pfaltz, Deniz Ceylan","doi":"10.1159/000543438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Somatic symptoms, such as chronic pain, fatigue, and gastrointestinal disturbances, are commonly reported in individuals with a history of childhood maltreatment (CM), which includes various forms of abuse and neglect experienced before age 18. Although CM is strongly associated with somatic symptoms, the specific relationships between CM subtypes and these symptoms, as well as the mechanisms connecting them, remain insufficiently understood. This review examines the complex interaction between CM and somatic symptoms, which often coexist with mental disorders and significantly impact quality of life and healthcare systems.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Somatic symptoms, frequently a mix of \"explained\" and \"unexplained\" conditions, are associated with personal distress and pose diagnostic challenges. CM has been linked to these symptoms through neurobiological mechanisms, such as HPA axis dysregulation and allostatic load, while theoretical models emphasize the roles of hyperawareness, cultural factors, and vulnerability in symptom development. However, existing research often fails to account for specific CM subtypes, the full range of somatic symptoms, and cultural and situational factors, leading to inconsistencies in findings.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Bridging gaps in literature requires adopting the World Health Organization's CM subtype definitions and ICD-11 codes (MA00-MH2Y) to encompass a broader spectrum of somatic symptoms. Employing rigorous methodologies, such as systematic reviews and meta-analyses, is essential for advancing understanding. These approaches can enhance diagnostic accuracy, support tailored interventions, and promote a biopsychosocial framework for CM research, ultimately improving patient outcomes and alleviating societal burdens.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The St. Göran project - a multi-pronged strategy for longitudinal studies for bipolar disorders.","authors":"Mikael Landén, Lina Jonsson, Anna Luisa Klahn, Mathias Kardell, Andreas Göteson, Christoph Abé, Andreas Aspholmer, Benny Liberg, Aurimantas Pelanis, Timea Sparding, Erik Pålsson","doi":"10.1159/000543335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The St. Göran Bipolar Project (SBP) is a longitudinal outpatient study investigation aimed at identifying predictive factors associated with long-term outcomes in individuals with bipolar disorder. These outcomes include cognitive function, relapse rate, treatment responses, and functional outcomes. The study employs a multifaceted approach, integrating brain imaging, biochemical analyses of cerebrospinal fluid and blood, and genetics. This paper aims to provide an overview of the research methods used in the SBP, along with a summary of the main findings to date.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SBP is a collaborative effort between academia and healthcare, enrolling study participants from bipolar outpatient clinics in Stockholm (SBP-S) and Gothenburg (SBP-G), Sweden. Healthy controls were recruited through Statistics Sweden. Data and samples were collected using structured interviews, self-rated questionnaires, blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples, magnetic resonance imaging, and neuropsychological tests. Follow-up visits are conducted 7 and 14 years after baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SBP has generated numerous original findings and has contributed to advancing knowledge on cognitive function, personality, cerebrospinal and blood biomarkers, neuroimaging, and genetics. Further, as data collection nears completion, new research questions can be addressed. The study's strengths include detailed, multimodal information from each study visit and a long follow-up period. The naturalistic setting ensures that findings are relevant to real-world scenarios. However, variability in data completeness can introduce selection bias. Additionally, the control population, while randomly selected, may not be fully representative due to the voluntary nature of participation. Future projects will focus on longitudinal analyses and novel methods to exploit the study's multifaceted approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142921627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography in Bipolar Disorder - A Scoping Review.","authors":"Elena Md Schönthaler, Haleh Aminfar, Nina Dalkner, Frederike T Fellendorf, Johanna Georgi, Melanie Lenger, Andreas Wedrich, Eva Z Reininghaus","doi":"10.1159/000543290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bipolar disorder (BD) is a psychiatric condition with significant health implications due to its comorbidities, premature mortality, and functional impairments. Despite extensive research on treatment and rehabilitation, gaps remain in diagnosis and monitoring. Therefore, there is a need for biomarkers to identify individuals at risk for disease progression or excacerbation. Developmentally part of the central nervous system, the retina represents a possible marker for observing BD-related structural and functional alterations in the brain.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>The retina's structure can be assessed through optical coherence tomography (OCT), a non-invasive and cost-effective method. Retinal alterations, particularly in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL), have been associated with neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders in cross-sectional OCT studies. This scoping review discusses findings on retinal changes in BD as well as their association with disease characteristics like symptom severity and illness duration, and highlights OCT as a potential diagnostic tool in BD treatment.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>The majority of studies indicate RNFL and GCL thinning in BD patients, which was found to correlate with clinical characteristics in some studies. Although the data is currently limited, there is a possibility that retinal biomarkers could facilitate monitoring of BD, but more research needs to be conducted to observe the relationship between these parameters and BD. Moreover, other factors (e.g., treatment, metabolic and inflammatory conditions) may impact retinal changes, which highlights the need for longitudinal studies to clarify these relationships. Further research should focus on replicating current findings, understanding the role of inflammation, and differentiating between retinal regions affected by BD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of central nervous system inflammation predict cortical decline in bipolar disorder and ventricular enlargement in healthy controls.","authors":"Tobias Bellaagh Johansson, Anna Luisa Klahn, Andreas Göteson, Christoph Abé, Carl M Sellgren, Mikael Landén","doi":"10.1159/000542888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000542888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bipolar disorder has been associated with significant structural brain changes, potentially driven by central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between inflammation biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and longitudinal structural brain changes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 29 individuals with bipolar disorder and 34 healthy controls, analyzing three selected inflammation-related biomarkers - interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40) - in both blood serum and CSF. Structural brain changes were assessed through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at two time points, focusing on cortical thickness of the middle temporal cortex and inferior frontal gyrus, as well as ventricular volume.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In healthy controls, baseline CSF levels of YKL-40 predicted ventricular enlargement in both hemispheres. Among individuals with bipolar disorder, higher baseline levels of IL-8 were associated with a decline in cortical thickness in the right and left middle temporal cortex, as well as the right inferior frontal gyrus. No significant associations were observed with serum biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that CSF IL-8 may contribute to cortical decline in bipolar disorder. The lack of association between serum biomarkers and brain changes highlights the specificity of CNS inflammation in these processes. Additionally, the observed link between CSF YKL-40 and ventricular enlargement in healthy controls may indicate a role of CNS inflammation processes in normal brain aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological Mediators of the Association between Obesity and Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress.","authors":"Joana Henriques, Vera Afreixo, Human Unterrainer, Hugo Senra","doi":"10.1159/000542767","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is still paucity of knowledge about which factors can mediate the link between obesity and mental health problems. This study aimed to investigate psychological mediators of the association between different weight profiles (healthy, overweight, and obesity) and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 407 adults (≥18 years old) with different weight profiles recruited from general population was assessed for symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, and dimensions of emotion regulation and body investment/body image. Robust regression and robust mediation analyses were employed to investigate predictors and mediators of mental health outcomes in relation to different weight profiles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Body investment difficulties in relation to body image and body care, and emotion regulation difficulties related to a tendency towards negative secondary responses to negative emotions, and/or denial of distress, significantly mediated the association between obesity and symptoms of depression. The association between obesity and symptoms of anxiety and stress was significantly mediated by body investment difficulties related to body image concerns.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current study brings evidence on specific dimensions of emotion regulation and body image that play a key role for the co-occurrence of mental health problems in individuals with obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Childhood Trauma and Anxiety on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Chronic Subjective Tinnitus with Distress.","authors":"Laura Lucia Maria Cassiers, Filip Van Den Eede, Koen Schruers, Annick Gilles, Vincent Van Rompaey, Bernard G C Sabbe","doi":"10.1159/000542066","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is some evidence for hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hypofunction in chronic tinnitus, but findings are contradicting possibly due to clinical heterogeneity. This study aimed to assess differential effects of childhood trauma and anxiety on HPA-axis functioning in adults suffering from chronic subjective tinnitus with distress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Salivary cortisol data were collected in 22 chronic subjective tinnitus sufferers (without major depression) and 29 healthy controls after awakening, at baseline, and after a low-dose (0.5 mg) dexamethasone challenge. A factorial ANCOVA was conducted to compare the main effects of group (tinnitus versus. controls), trauma, and their interaction effect on the cortisol awakening response (CAR). Linear mixed models were fitted for baseline and post-dexamethasone cortisol levels with group, sampling time, trauma, and their interactions as fixed factors and subject as the random effect. The Beck Anxiety Index, Anxiety Sensitivity Index, and Panic Disorder Severity Scale were included to investigate effects of anxiety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant interaction between group and trauma (F [1, 47] = 6.9755, p = 0.0112) was found, with the tinnitus group showing lower CARs (M = 5.1808, SD = 0.5821) than the comparison group (M = 5.9974, SD = 0.5251) in traumatized individuals only. No effects were found for baseline or post-dexamethasone cortisol. Anxiety scores had no effects on any of the outcome variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A differential effect of childhood trauma, but not anxiety, on the HPA-axis function in chronic subjective tinnitus was partly confirmed by the finding of a blunted CAR in tinnitus sufferers reporting early-life adversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse Childhood Experiences Are Associated with Mental Health Problems Later in Life: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Biruk Beletew Abate, Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie, Abebe Merchaw, Gebremeskel Kibret Abebe, Molla Azmeraw, Addis Wondmagegn Alamaw, Alemu Birara Zemariam, Tegene Atamenta Kitaw, Amare Kassaw, Tilahun Wodaynew, Ayelign Mengesha Kassie, Gizachew Yilak, Mulat Awoke Kassa","doi":"10.1159/000542392","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542392","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Evidence suggested a link between early adversity and mental health problems. However, it is unclear how much adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) contribute to mental health problems because researchers have produced inconsistent findings. Therefore, the objective of this umbrella review was to combine the contradictory data regarding the effect of ACEs on the development of mental health problems later in life in the global context.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, and Google Scholar which reported the effect of ACEs on the development of mental health problems was searched. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR). A weighted inverse variance random-effects model was applied to find the pooled estimates. The subgroup analysis, heterogeneity, publication bias, and sensitivity analysis were also assessed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Forty-three SRM with 14,707,614 study participants were included. The pooled effect of ACEs on the development of mental health problems later in life in the global context is found to be (AOR = 1.66 [1.46, 1.87]). Subgroup analysis based on country revealed (AOR = 1.67 [1.23, 2.11]) in UK, (AOR = 0.61 [0.41, 0.81]) in Canada, (AOR = 1.55 [1.40, 1.69]) in Brazil, (AOR = 5.65 [4.12, 7.18]) in Ethiopia, (AOR = 1.92 [1.45, 2.38]) in USA, (AOR = 2.30 [1.89, 2.72]) in Australia, and (AOR = 1.66 [1.46, 1.87]) in Ireland. While subgroup analysis based on types of adverse childhood adverse experience: domestic violence (AOR = 4.13 [1.96, 6.30]), maltreatment (AOR = 1.5 [0.79, 2.21]), physical abuse (AOR = 1.56 [1.43, 1.63]), sexual abuse (AOR = 2.07 [1.63, 2.51]), child abuse (AOR = 5.66 [4.12, 7.18]), parental mental health problem (AOR = 1.73 [1.39, 2.08]), bullying (AOR = 1.99 [1.69, 2.29], neglect (AOR = 2.11 [1.53, 2.69]), and parental divorce (AOR = 1.66 [1.46, 1.87]). Based on the type of mental health problem, the pooled effect size is 1.87 (1.45, 2.30) for depression and 1.67 (1.22, 2.13) for anxiety.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This umbrella review revealed that ACE is significantly associated (with 66% increased risk) with anxiety and depression later in life in a global context. This association is most noticeable when one is subjected to domestic violence, maltreatment, physical abuse, sexual abuse, child abuse, parental mental health problems, bullying, neglect, and parental divorce. Childhood periods are a critical window of opportunity for reducing the risk of developing mental illness in the future and for implementing intervention measures. Preventing childhood maltreatment and addressing psychiatric risk factors can prevent psychopathology. Longitudinal studies are needed to optimize healthcare responses to ACEs. Increased awareness and public health interventions are needed to prevent childhood adversity a","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut Microbiome in Impulsively Violent Female Convicts.","authors":"Michaela Langmajerová, Janet Ježková, Jakub Kreisinger, Jaroslav Semerád, Ivan Titov, Petra Procházková, Tomáš Cajthaml, Václav Jiřička, Jan Vevera, Radka Roubalová","doi":"10.1159/000542220","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Impulsivity and aggression are often interlinked behavioral traits that have major implications for our society. Therefore, the study of this phenomenon and derivative interventions that could lead to better control of impulsive aggression are of interest.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed the composition and diversity of the gut bacterial microbiome of 33 impulsively violent female convicts with dissocial personality disorder and 20 non-impulsive age-matched women. Further, levels of assorted neurotransmitters and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were analyzed in serum and stool samples. We also assessed all participants using a battery of psychological questionnaires and tested possible correlations between the collected clinical data and the composition and diversity of their microbiomes and metabolites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified four bacterial amplicon sequencing variants that were differentially abundant in non-impulsive versus impulsive women - the genera Bacteroides, Barnesiella, and the order Rhodospirillales were more abundant in impulsive women. In contrast, the genus Catenisphaera was more abundant in non-impulsive women. Fecal tryptophan levels were significantly higher in impulsive women. Association analysis revealed a strong positive intercorrelation between most fecal SCFAs in the entire dataset.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrated possible associations between gut microbiomes and their metabolites and impulsive behavior in a unique cohort of prisoners convicted of violent assaults and a matched group of non-impulsive women from the same prison. Genus Bacteroides, which was differentially abundant in the two groups, encoded enzymes that affect serotonin pathways and could contribute to this maladaptive behavior. Similarly, increased fecal tryptophan levels in impulsive individuals could affect neuronal circuits in the brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}