Psychological Science最新文献

The Anticipated Relational Effects of Confronting Bias (or not) in Interracial Friendships. 种族间友谊中面对（或不面对）偏见的预期关系效应。

IF 5.1 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251372125

Ashley L Berkebile-Weinberg, Riana M Brown, Casey E McMahon, Maureen A Craig

{"title":"The Anticipated Relational Effects of Confronting Bias (or not) in Interracial Friendships.","authors":"Ashley L Berkebile-Weinberg, Riana M Brown, Casey E McMahon, Maureen A Craig","doi":"10.1177/09567976251372125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976251372125","url":null,"abstract":"Most biased comments people experience are from friends. However, little is known about how people process experiences in which a friend expresses bias and how the relationship might be affected. The current research examines the anticipated relational effects of confronting (vs. not confronting) a friend's bias, using adult participants in the United States. Asian participants who imagined confronting a White friend's biased comment (or a stranger's: see Study 1) anticipated higher friendship or relationship quality compared with those who imagined not having that confrontation. This effect remained regardless of whether bias was directed toward participants' in-group or toward an out-group (see Study 2). The closer people felt to their friend, the more confronting (vs. not confronting) elicited higher friendship quality. Experimentally testing for mechanism demonstrated that the effect of confronting is driven by greater anticipated understanding (see Study 3). This work reveals that Asian people expect that confronting a friend's bias will elicit greater understanding and buffer against negative interpersonal effects.[Box: see text].","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"9567976251372125"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pseudo Effects: How Method Biases Can Produce Spurious Findings About Close Relationships. 伪效应：方法偏差如何产生关于亲密关系的虚假发现。

IF 5.1 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251370262

Samantha Joel, John K Sakaluk, James J Kim, Devinder Khera, Helena Yuchen Qin, Sarah C E Stanton

{"title":"Pseudo Effects: How Method Biases Can Produce Spurious Findings About Close Relationships.","authors":"Samantha Joel, John K Sakaluk, James J Kim, Devinder Khera, Helena Yuchen Qin, Sarah C E Stanton","doi":"10.1177/09567976251370262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976251370262","url":null,"abstract":"Research on interpersonal relationships frequently relies on accurate self-reporting across various relationship facets (e.g., conflict, trust, appreciation). Yet shared method biases-which may greatly inflate associations between measures-are rarely accounted for during measurement validation or hypothesis testing. To examine how method biases can affect relationship research, we embarked on the ironic exploration of a new construct-Pseudo-comprised of irrelevant relationship evaluations (e.g., \"My relationship has very good Saturn\"). Pseudo was moderately associated with common relationship measures (e.g., satisfaction, commitment) and predicted those measures 3 weeks later. Results of a dyadic longitudinal study suggested that Pseudo taps into method biases, particularly sentiment override (i.e., people's tendency to project their global relationship sentiments onto every relationship evaluation). We conclude that psychometric standards must be sufficiently rigorous to distinguish genuine constructs and associations from methodological artifacts that can otherwise pose a serious validity threat.","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"9567976251370262"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sexual Identity Development Milestones, Latent Profiles, and Proximal Minority Stressors in Australia's Generation Z. 澳大利亚Z世代的性认同发展里程碑、潜在概况和近端少数民族压力源。

IF 5.1 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251372130

William Warton, Michelle L Byrne, Kelly-Ann Allen

{"title":"Sexual Identity Development Milestones, Latent Profiles, and Proximal Minority Stressors in Australia's Generation Z.","authors":"William Warton, Michelle L Byrne, Kelly-Ann Allen","doi":"10.1177/09567976251372130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976251372130","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the sequence and timing of sexual identity development (SID) milestones among Generation Z LGBTQ+ Australians, focusing on variations across subgroups and their relationship with minority stressors. The study included 490 Australian LGBTQ+ individuals aged 16 to 26, predominantly White (n = 389) and assigned female at birth (n = 402), with a balanced distribution between cisgender and gender-diverse participants. Demographic differences in the timing and achievement of SID milestones were found for sexual and gender identity. Latent profile analysis identified four distinct profiles, highlighting identity-centered and sex-centered sequences. Differences in rejection sensitivity, emotion dysregulation, and self-acceptance of sexual identity were noted across these profiles, but not for internalized homonegativity. Our findings indicate that SID trajectories do not strictly conform to discrete sexual or gender identity categories. The cross-sectional design limits causality inference, and findings are not generalizable to all LGBTQ+ young people or Generation Z more broadly.","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"9567976251372130"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assortative Mating Is a Natural Consequence of Heritable Variation in Preferences and Preferred Traits. 选择性交配是偏好和偏好特征遗传变异的自然结果。

IF 5.1 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251365900

Kaitlyn T Harper, Brendan P Zietsch

引用次数: 0

Are There Really People With No Inner Voice? Commentary on Nedergaard and Lupyan (2024). 真的有没有内心声音的人吗？尼德高与卢普扬评注（2024）。

IF 5.1 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251335583

Andreas Lind

引用次数: 0

Reward Association With Mental States Shapes Empathy and Prosocial Behavior. 奖励与心理状态的关联影响移情和亲社会行为。

IF 5.1 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251351304

Yi Zhang, Leor Hackel

引用次数: 0

Overconfidence Persists Despite Years of Accurate, Precise, Public, and Continuous Feedback: Two Studies of Tournament Chess Players. 尽管有多年准确、精确、公开和持续的反馈，过度自信仍然存在：对国际象棋锦标赛选手的两项研究。

IF 5.1 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251360747

Patrick R Heck, Daniel J Benjamin, Daniel J Simons, Christopher F Chabris

{"title":"Overconfidence Persists Despite Years of Accurate, Precise, Public, and Continuous Feedback: Two Studies of Tournament Chess Players.","authors":"Patrick R Heck, Daniel J Benjamin, Daniel J Simons, Christopher F Chabris","doi":"10.1177/09567976251360747","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976251360747","url":null,"abstract":"Overconfidence is thought to be a fundamental cognitive bias, but it is typically studied in environments where people lack accurate information about their abilities. We conducted a preregistered survey experiment and replication to learn whether overconfidence persists among tournament chess players who receive objective, precise, and public feedback about their skill. Our combined sample comprised 3,388 rated players aged 5 to 88 years from 22 countries with an average of 18.8 years of tournament experience. On average, participants asserted that their ability was 89 Elo rating points higher than their observed ratings indicated-expecting to outscore an equally rated opponent by nearly 2 to 1. One year later, only 11.3% of overconfident players achieved their asserted ability rating. Low-rated players overestimated their skill the most, and top-rated players were calibrated. Patterns consistent with overconfidence emerged in every sociodemographic subgroup we studied. We conclude that overconfidence persists in tournament chess, a real-world information environment that should be inhospitable to it.","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"732-745"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144848511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to "The Impact of Implicit-Bias-Oriented Diversity Training on Police Officers' Beliefs, Motivations, and Actions". “以内隐偏见为导向的多元化训练对警务人员信念、动机及行动的影响”的更正。

IF 5.1 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251362783

引用次数: 0

What Is Rationality, Whom Is It Ascribed To, and Why Does It Matter? Evidence From Internet Text for 66 Social Groups and 101 Occupations. 什么是理性，它属于谁，它为什么重要？66个社会群体和101个职业的互联网文本证据。

IF 5.1 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251362120

Charles A Dorison, Tessa E S Charlesworth

{"title":"What Is Rationality, Whom Is It Ascribed To, and Why Does It Matter? Evidence From Internet Text for 66 Social Groups and 101 Occupations.","authors":"Charles A Dorison, Tessa E S Charlesworth","doi":"10.1177/09567976251362120","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976251362120","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars have extolled the virtues of rationality for centuries while also debating what rationality is and who is rational. Advancing these debates, we used word embeddings trained on 840 billion words of internet text-and validated with Prolific workers in the United States-to uncover the representation, group stereotypes, and occupational correlates of rationality at scale in naturalistic language. Four results emerged. First, rather than being synonymous with competence, representations of rationality included both an analytic/logic component and an interpersonal/trust component. Second, irrationality was not merely the opposite of rationality but contained its own unique subcomponents (volatility and unfairness). Third, rationality was consistently ascribed to high-power targets across 66 social groups. Last, rationality (especially its analytic component) was consistently associated with both earnings and wage gaps across 101 occupations. Associations with demographic representation were less consistent. Complementing normative approaches, these descriptive findings advance canonical debates about rationality, extending understanding of its components, stereotypes, and correlates.","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"713-731"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144848512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Good Learners Are Poor Monitors: A Negative Relation Between Learning Ability and Monitoring Accuracy. 好的学习者是糟糕的监控者：学习能力与监控准确性的负相关关系。

IF 5.1 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251358838

Mengqi Hu, Wenbo Zhao, Anran Li, David R Shanks, Yadi Yu, Xiaofang Tian, Muyi Liu, Xiao Hu, Liang Luo, Chunliang Yang

{"title":"Good Learners Are Poor Monitors: A Negative Relation Between Learning Ability and Monitoring Accuracy.","authors":"Mengqi Hu, Wenbo Zhao, Anran Li, David R Shanks, Yadi Yu, Xiaofang Tian, Muyi Liu, Xiao Hu, Liang Luo, Chunliang Yang","doi":"10.1177/09567976251358838","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976251358838","url":null,"abstract":"Effective learning involves not only the ability to quickly acquire knowledge and skills, but also the capacity to accurately monitor one's ongoing learning progress. The present research probed the relation between learning ability and monitoring accuracy. A meta-analysis (Study 1, N = 2,406) counterintuitively found that individuals with superior learning ability exhibited slightly poorer monitoring accuracy (measured as the resolution of judgments of learning). Study 2 reanalyzed the meta-analysis data and observed that expert learners remembered more items they erroneously believed they would not remember, and this underconfidence in expert learners led to a negative association between learning ability and monitoring accuracy. Studies 3 (N = 102, adults aged 18-23) and 4 (N = 481, adults aged 18-59) conceptually replicated the findings of Studies 1 and 2 in controlled experiments. These findings challenge the conventional wisdom that good learners are also good monitors, suggesting instead that expert learners are actually the ones with monitoring deficits.","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"746-764"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0