Chemical Senses最新文献

The peri-ovulatory time period in humans is associated with increased taste sensitivity to glucose but not calorie-free sweeteners. 人类的排卵期与对葡萄糖的味觉敏感度增加有关，但与无热量甜味剂无关。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjaf033

Emily C Hanselman, Sarah M Sywanycz, Paul A S Breslin

{"title":"The peri-ovulatory time period in humans is associated with increased taste sensitivity to glucose but not calorie-free sweeteners.","authors":"Emily C Hanselman, Sarah M Sywanycz, Paul A S Breslin","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjaf033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaf033","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research has shown that KATP channels in mouse taste bud cells enhance glucose taste signaling by depolarizing the cell when ATP is present. Relatedly, estradiol has been shown to enhance glucose sensing in human pancreatic β cells via closure of KATP channels. Since taste tissue has estradiol receptors, we linked these two observations and tested whether elevated estradiol may also enhance taste sensitivity and liking for glucose in humans. We hypothesized that around the time of ovulation, when estrogen peaks during the menstrual cycle in female participants, oral taste detection thresholds for glucose (metabolizable monosaccharide) would decrease, but would not for sucralose or the glucose analog methyl-D-glucopyranoside (MDG) (both non-metabolizable sweeteners that do not close KATP channels). Fifteen healthy eumenorrheic females were asked to track their urinary estrogen metabolite estrone-3-glucuronide (E3G) via a fertility monitor. The participants were tested using oral detection thresholds for glucose, sucralose and MDG during the E3G nadir at menstruation and E3G peak (>100 ng/mL) at peri-ovulation. Seven male participants were also tested for glucose detection thresholds over the same two-week interval. Female participants were also asked to rate their liking for glucose solutions at mildly sweet (450 mM) and moderately sweet (900 mM) concentrations. Detection thresholds for glucose, but not sucralose or MDG, decreased peri-ovulation during estrogen peak (p<0.05), indicating enhanced sensitivity to glucose specifically. Males showed no change in glucose threshold over the two weeks. Liking ratings for 900 mM glucose tended to increase during ovulation (p=0.06). These observations are consistent with the idea that estrogen and/or other co-modulating hormones, such as luteinizing hormone and progesterone, enhance a metabolic signaling pathway during the peri-ovulatory phase.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145014003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Olfactory training enhances semantic verbal fluency in healthy older adults, but only for individuals with low baseline performance. 嗅觉训练可提高健康老年人语义语言流畅性，但仅适用于基线表现较低的个体。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjaf032

Marta Rokosz, Sabina Barszcz, Michał Pieniak, Łukasz Gargula, Daniel Marek, Paulina Nawrocka, Aleksandra Reichert, Barbara Żyżelewicz, Maciej Barański, Katarzyna Resler, Anna Oleszkiewicz

{"title":"Olfactory training enhances semantic verbal fluency in healthy older adults, but only for individuals with low baseline performance.","authors":"Marta Rokosz, Sabina Barszcz, Michał Pieniak, Łukasz Gargula, Daniel Marek, Paulina Nawrocka, Aleksandra Reichert, Barbara Żyżelewicz, Maciej Barański, Katarzyna Resler, Anna Oleszkiewicz","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjaf032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaf032","url":null,"abstract":"Olfactory training (OT), a structured exposure to odors, is commonly used by otorhinolaryngologists to treat olfactory dysfunction. However, OT has been shown to improve cognition of people with cognitive or olfactory impairments and slow the age-related cognitive decline. This study investigated whether OT could enhance cognitive functions in older adults with an intact sense of smell, compared to younger adults. We hypothesized that OT would improve semantic verbal fluency and working memory in the experimental group, with no significant changes in the placebo group. The final sample comprised 184 participants aged 24-94 years (Mage=51.84 ± 23.25 years), including 83 young adults (53% women, Mage=26.71 ± 2.62 years) and 101 older adults (88% women, Mage=72.49 ± 5.40 years). For the semantic verbal fluency task, they listed as many items as possible within one of two semantic categories: (1) grocery products or (2) fragrant items, within a 60-second time limit. To measure working memory, participants completed a digit span task where they repeated sequences of digits aloud. In older adults performing olfactory training, OT led to a marginal increase in semantic verbal fluency, regardless of semantic category, while no significant changes were observed in the older placebo group or in young adults. This effect was mainly driven by individuals with lower scores at baseline. Our findings suggest that OT can benefit semantic verbal fluency in the healthy geriatric population with lower baseline scores, but these results urge similar testing in clinical groups with compromised verbal functions.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144999788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soluble carrier proteins: from chemical communication to developmental biology and artificial sensing. 可溶性载体蛋白：从化学通讯到发育生物学和人工传感。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjaf025

Jiao Zhu, Valeriia Zaremska, Wolfgang Knoll, Paolo Pelosi

{"title":"Soluble carrier proteins: from chemical communication to developmental biology and artificial sensing.","authors":"Jiao Zhu, Valeriia Zaremska, Wolfgang Knoll, Paolo Pelosi","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjaf025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaf025","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) at the early nineteen eighties raised a lot of interest being the first biochemical components of the olfactory system to be experimentally studied. About ten years later, the identification of odorant receptors attracted the attention of scientists, leaving OBPs in the background. A generally accepted role as carriers for odorants and pheromones reduced the interest in these soluble proteins, regarded as accessory elements in the process of olfactory transduction. More recently, however, OBPs have received new attention based on (1) the recognition that some proteins of this family can act directly as non-volatile pheromones, (2) the possibility of investigating the structures of pheromones in species extinct or difficult to approach adopting the method of reverse chemical ecology, and (3) the suitability of OBPs and their artificial mutants as sensing elements in electronic olfaction, as well as in other biotechnological applications. In this review, after summarising the main structural and functional aspects of OBPs and other soluble carrier proteins both in mammals and in arthropods, we focus on their most recent uses and their potential developments.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Olfaction and diabetes among older adults. 老年人的嗅觉和糖尿病。

IF 2.8 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjaf020

Jingjing Xia, Yaqun Yuan, Chenxi Li, Anna Kucharska-Newton, Qu Tian, Jayant M Pinto, Jiantao Ma, Eleanor M Simonsick, Honglei Chen

{"title":"Olfaction and diabetes among older adults.","authors":"Jingjing Xia, Yaqun Yuan, Chenxi Li, Anna Kucharska-Newton, Qu Tian, Jayant M Pinto, Jiantao Ma, Eleanor M Simonsick, Honglei Chen","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjaf020","DOIUrl":"10.1093/chemse/bjaf020","url":null,"abstract":"Both poor olfaction and diabetes are common in older adults. It is biologically plausible that they may be related and interact to affect the health of older adults. We examined the association between poor olfaction and diabetes and their joint associations with mortality among 2,416 older adults from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. Olfaction was assessed at year 3 (1999 to 2000) using the Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT). We used year 4 (2000 to 2001) as the study baseline and followed participants to year 11 (2007 to 2008) to identify incident diabetes and year 14 (2010 to 2011) to assess mortality. We used logistic regression to analyze the association of poor olfaction with prevalent diabetes and Cox proportional hazard models to assess its relationship to incident diabetes and its joint association with diabetes on mortality. Of the 2,416 participants, 611 (25.3%) had diabetes at baseline and 138 (7.6%) developed incident diabetes during 6.4 ± 1.7 yr of follow-up. Compared to those with good olfaction, the odds ratio of prevalent diabetes was 1.11 (95% confidence interval/CI: 0.87 to 1.42) for those with poor olfaction, and the corresponding hazard ratio (HR) for incident diabetes was 1.01 (95%CI: 0.66 to 1.57). During 8.2 ± 2.8 yr of follow-up, 1007 (41.7%) participants died. Compared with participants without poor olfaction and diabetes, those with both were twice likely to die during the follow-up (HR = 2.16, 95%CI: 1.71 to 2.73). However, we found no evidence for synergistic interaction (P = 0.97). In conclusion, poor olfaction is not associated with the risk of diabetes, and these two conditions independently predict mortality in older adults.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regularity, variability, and individuality: urine marking patterns of male mice toward stimuli representing varying degrees of kinship. 规律性、可变性和个体性：雄性小鼠对代表不同程度亲缘关系的刺激的尿标记模式。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjaf028

Eitan Yisraeli, Yifat Elizera, Yoram Ben-Shaul

{"title":"Regularity, variability, and individuality: urine marking patterns of male mice toward stimuli representing varying degrees of kinship.","authors":"Eitan Yisraeli, Yifat Elizera, Yoram Ben-Shaul","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjaf028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaf028","url":null,"abstract":"Successful social interactions require the identification of conspecifics and their traits. Often, individuals do not directly interact with conspecifics, but rather with their secretions. Among bodily secretions, urine plays a primary role in social communication across species. Urine provides a wealth of social information, and accordingly, several species, including mice, use it to advertise and mark territories. Here, we asked if kinship relations are reflected by the subject's marking patterns. Specifically, we studied counter-marking patterns of outbred ICR male mice following presentation of urinary cues from conspecifics with varying degrees of kinship. Examination of more than 1000 individual marking patterns from 10 mice reveals a high degree of variability. Variability is apparent across different mice and across single marking bouts of any given individual. Yet, we identify consistent effects of stimulus kinship, and, somewhat unexpectedly, even more robust differences among individuals. Individual-specific marking patterns are also evident in an empty arena, prior to the introduction of an external stimulus. Stimulus presentation gives rise to further changes in marking patterns, reflecting the relationship between the subject and donor mice. Notably, while stimuli representing highly distinct kinship relations induce robust differences at the population level, finer distinctions, including discrimination of same-strain conspecifics and self-urine, are only displayed by a subset of mice. Thus, while counter marking patterns are determined by a variety of factors, some of which cannot be easily controlled or measured, they ultimately reflect the identity of the marker and the kinship relation with the stimulus donor.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":"50 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144944655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A deep learning and digital archaeology approach for mosquito repellent discovery. 驱蚊剂发现的深度学习和数字考古方法。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjaf021

Jennifer N Wei, Carlos Ruiz, Marnix Vlot, Benjamin Sanchez-Lengeling, Brian K Lee, Luuk Berning, Martijn W Vos, Rob W M Henderson, Wesley W Qian, Jacob N Sanders, D Michael Ando, Kurt M Groetsch, Richard C Gerkin, Alexander B Wiltschko, Jeffrey A Riffell, Koen J Dechering

{"title":"A deep learning and digital archaeology approach for mosquito repellent discovery.","authors":"Jennifer N Wei, Carlos Ruiz, Marnix Vlot, Benjamin Sanchez-Lengeling, Brian K Lee, Luuk Berning, Martijn W Vos, Rob W M Henderson, Wesley W Qian, Jacob N Sanders, D Michael Ando, Kurt M Groetsch, Richard C Gerkin, Alexander B Wiltschko, Jeffrey A Riffell, Koen J Dechering","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjaf021","DOIUrl":"10.1093/chemse/bjaf021","url":null,"abstract":"Insect-borne diseases kill > 0.5 million people annually. Currently available repellents for personal or household protection are limited in their efficacy, applicability, and safety profile. Here, we describe a machine-learning-driven high-throughput method for the discovery of novel repellent molecules. To achieve this, we digitized a large, historic dataset containing ~19,000 mosquito repellency measurements. We then trained a graph neural network (GNN) to map molecular structure and repellency. We applied this model to select 317 candidate molecules to test in parallelizable behavioral assays, quantifying repellency in multiple insect vectors of the pathogens of disease and in follow-up trials with human volunteers. The GNN approach outperformed a chemoinformatic model and produced a hit rate that increased with training data size, suggesting that both model innovation and novel data collection were integral to predictive accuracy. We identified > 10 molecules with repellency similar to or greater than the most widely used repellents. We analyzed the neural responses from the mosquito antennal (olfactory) lobe to selected repellents and found strong responses to many of the tested compounds, including those predicted to be strong repellents. Results from the antennal lobe recordings also demonstrated a correlation between the evoked responses to strong repellents and our GNN representation. This approach enables computational screening of billions of possible molecules to identify empirically tractable numbers of candidate repellents, leading to accelerated progress towards solving a global health challenge.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12342189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Worldwide study of the taste of bitter medicines and their modifiers. 世界范围内对苦药及其改进剂味道的研究。

IF 2.8 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjaf003

Ha Nguyen, Cailu Lin, Katherine Bell, Amy Huang, Mackenzie Hannum, Vicente Ramirez, Carol Christensen, Nancy E Rawson, Lauren Colquitt, Paul Domanico, Ivona Sasimovich, Riley Herriman, Paule Joseph, Oghogho Braimah, Danielle R Reed

{"title":"Worldwide study of the taste of bitter medicines and their modifiers.","authors":"Ha Nguyen, Cailu Lin, Katherine Bell, Amy Huang, Mackenzie Hannum, Vicente Ramirez, Carol Christensen, Nancy E Rawson, Lauren Colquitt, Paul Domanico, Ivona Sasimovich, Riley Herriman, Paule Joseph, Oghogho Braimah, Danielle R Reed","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjaf003","DOIUrl":"10.1093/chemse/bjaf003","url":null,"abstract":"The bitter taste of medicines hinders patient compliance, but not everyone experiences these difficulties because people worldwide differ in their bitterness perception. To better understand how people from diverse ancestries perceive medicines and taste modifiers, 338 adults, European and recent US and Canadian immigrants from Asia, South Asia, and Africa, rated the bitterness intensity of taste solutions on a 100-point generalized visual analog scale and provided a saliva sample for genotyping. The taste solutions were 5 medicines, tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), moxifloxacin, praziquantel, amodiaquine, and propylthiouracil (PROP), and 4 other solutions, TAF mixed with sucralose (sweet, reduces bitterness) or 6-methylflavone (tasteless, reduces bitterness), sucralose alone, and sodium chloride alone. Bitterness ratings differed by ancestry for 2 of the 5 drugs (amodiaquine and PROP) and for TAF mixed with sucralose. Genetic analysis showed that people with variants in 1 bitter receptor variant gene (TAS2R38) reported PROP was more bitter than did those with a different variant (P = 7.6e-19) and that people with either an RIMS2 or a THSD4 genotype found sucralose more bitter than did others (P = 2.6e-8, P = 7.9e-11, respectively). Our findings may help guide the formulation of bad-tasting medicines to meet the needs of those most sensitive to them.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143187777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Innate liking and disgust reactions elicited by intraoral capsaicin in male mice. 雄性小鼠口服辣椒素引起的先天喜爱和厌恶反应。

IF 2.8 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjaf006

Yibin Han, Daisuke H Tanaka, Naofumi Uesaka

{"title":"Innate liking and disgust reactions elicited by intraoral capsaicin in male mice.","authors":"Yibin Han, Daisuke H Tanaka, Naofumi Uesaka","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjaf006","DOIUrl":"10.1093/chemse/bjaf006","url":null,"abstract":"Liking and disgust are the primary positive and negative emotions, respectively, and are crucial for nutrient intake and toxin avoidance. These emotions are induced by multimodal stimuli, such as taste, olfactory, and somatosensory inputs, and their dysregulation is evident in various psychiatric disorders. To understand the biological basis of liking and disgust, it is crucial to establish an animal model that allows for quantitative estimation of liking and disgust in response to multimodal stimuli. The only readout shared by many species, including humans, for liking and disgust, has been taste reactivity. However, readouts of non-taste stimuli-induced emotions remain unestablished. Here, we show that intraoral administration of capsaicin, a chemosomatosensory stimulus, elicits orofacial and bodily reactions in male mice similar to those observed in taste reactivity. Capsaicin-induced liking reactions at low concentrations and disgust reactions at high concentrations. Capsaicin-induced disgust reactions consisted of various reactions, including gape and forelimb flail, with the proportion of each reaction among the disgust reactions being similar to that induced by bitter and sour stimuli. These findings indicate that orofacial and bodily reactions, defined as taste reactivity, are elicited not only by taste stimuli but also by intraoral chemosomatosensory stimuli. Understanding the biological basis of capsaicin-induced orofacial and bodily reactions will advance our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underlying liking and disgust across sensory modalities.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical features of taste disorders in Cronkhite-Canada syndrome: a report of 10 cases. cronkite - canada综合征味觉障碍的临床特征（附10例报告）

IF 2.8 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjae044

Tomomi Nin, Koji Kamikozuru, Tetsuya Takagawa, Shinichiro Shinzaki, Kenzo Tsuzuki

{"title":"Clinical features of taste disorders in Cronkhite-Canada syndrome: a report of 10 cases.","authors":"Tomomi Nin, Koji Kamikozuru, Tetsuya Takagawa, Shinichiro Shinzaki, Kenzo Tsuzuki","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjae044","DOIUrl":"10.1093/chemse/bjae044","url":null,"abstract":"Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) is a very rare gastrointestinal disorder with ectodermal abnormalities. Taste abnormalities appear in more than 80% of cases. Our objective was to investigate the characteristics of CCS. Ten patients with taste abnormalities who were diagnosed with CCS were included. A medical interview, examination of the tongue findings, and blood tests were performed, and taste functions were assessed using an electrogustometry (EGM) and a filter paper disc (FPD) before and after treatment. There was nail atrophy in all cases, weight loss in 8 cases, hair loss in 6 cases, skin hyperpigmentation in 5 cases, gastrointestinal symptoms in 4 cases, and atrophy of the lingual papillae in at least 8 cases. Zinc therapy for taste disorders by the previous physicians was ineffective in all cases. The results of the FPD at the first examination showed a severe decrease in taste function of the anterior tongue, whereas taste function tended to be preserved in the posterior tongue (P < 0.01, Wilcoxon). In all cases, subjective symptoms improved within 3 mo after treatment of CCS. Taste function improved significantly after treatment (FPD in anterior tongue, P < 0.05, EGM in posterior tongue, P < 0.01, Wilcoxon). Taste disorder in CCS tended to be severe in the anterior tongue with findings of tongue papillary atrophy, which appears to be an ectodermal abnormality. Their taste function improved along with symptoms after treatment. The taste tests were useful for determining the effect of treatment for CCS.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Common scents? A review of potentially shared chemical signals in the order Carnivora. 共同的气味吗?食肉目潜在的共同化学信号的综述。

IF 2.8 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjaf019

Holly Root-Gutteridge, Neil de Kock, Madeleine Young, Andrew C Gill, Jake A Penny, Thomas W Pike, Daniel S Mills

{"title":"Common scents? A review of potentially shared chemical signals in the order Carnivora.","authors":"Holly Root-Gutteridge, Neil de Kock, Madeleine Young, Andrew C Gill, Jake A Penny, Thomas W Pike, Daniel S Mills","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjaf019","DOIUrl":"10.1093/chemse/bjaf019","url":null,"abstract":"Many animals transmit information in the form of chemical signals to modify behavior or induce physiological change in receivers. For some taxa, such as species in the order Carnivora, chemical signals are known to provide a critical mode of communication, although they are still poorly understood compared to other signal modalities. Here, we review the literature to identify and categorize potential chemical signals within the Carnivora with a view to determining commonalities based on sex, taxon, and function. Data were drawn from 112 publications, dating from 1896 to 2021. Of the 1,532 discrete chemicals identified, 169 were detected in > 5 species, with 58 found in ≥ 10 species. However, multiple different names were often used to report the same compound, reducing the transparency of the literature. Two hundred and fifty-two chemicals were identified as biomarkers, i.e. associated with specific behavioral contexts (dominance hierarchy, appeasement, agonistic, etc.) or specific demographic traits (age, sex, etc.). Few studies established a causal link between these biomarkers and behavioral or physiological changes, so only a few could be definitively described as behaviorally functional bioactive signals. We found high variability concerning which species, chemicals, and sources were represented in the literature, which could potentially lead to a perceptual bias in the relative importance of certain chemicals. Finally, we propose a method for standardized reporting of chemical signals and suggest that future work should focus on a more consistent expansion of the range of species, products, and chemical types analyzed so that the phylogenetic relationship of chemical signals across taxa can be determined.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0