Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior最新文献

Sources of Stimulus Control in Tests for Emergent Stimulus Relations 紧急刺激关系测试中刺激控制的来源

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.70050

Reagan E. McGee, Anna Ingeborg Petursdottir, Cullen Westerfield, Ethan Rohm, Eliana M. Buss

{"title":"Sources of Stimulus Control in Tests for Emergent Stimulus Relations","authors":"Reagan E. McGee, Anna Ingeborg Petursdottir, Cullen Westerfield, Ethan Rohm, Eliana M. Buss","doi":"10.1002/jeab.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.70050","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of interfering with verbal and visual mediation in groups that received different training sequences in the intraverbal naming task. Experiment 1 examined the effects of disrupting verbal mediation during the image-matching test. Participants were assigned to one of four groups. Two groups received tact instruction prior to intraverbal instruction (TI groups) and the other two received the opposite training sequence (IT groups). One TI and one IT group were instructed to engage in a task intended to disrupt verbal mediation during test. The disruption task did not differentially affect the groups based on instruction sequence. Experiment 2 examined the effects of disrupting visual imagery during intraverbal training. Participants were assigned to one of four groups, two TI and two IT. One TI and one IT group were instructed to engage in a task intended to disrupt visualization during intraverbal training. This disruption task differentially affected response speed during test for the IT group. Results indicate that verbal behavior at test may contribute to correct responding yet also point to the availability of an additional source of stimulus control when names are acquired prior to intraverbal training.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":"124 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The extinction burst: Effects of alternative reinforcement magnitude 消光爆发：不同强化强度的影响

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.70045

Timothy A. Shahan, Matias Avellaneda

{"title":"The extinction burst: Effects of alternative reinforcement magnitude","authors":"Timothy A. Shahan, Matias Avellaneda","doi":"10.1002/jeab.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.70045","url":null,"abstract":"Discontinuing reinforcement for an operant behavior sometimes produces a transient increase in responding (i.e., an extinction burst). A matching-law-based quantitative model posits that the extinction burst results from the elimination of competition from reinforcement-related behavior with the onset of extinction. Consistent with this suggestion, retrospective case reviews in applied settings suggest reduced prevalence of the extinction burst when alternative reinforcement is available, but there has been no relevant prospective research. The present experiment used rats and methods approximating conditions in applied settings to examine the effects of alternative reinforcement magnitude on the extinction burst. Lever pressing in baseline produced a one-pellet reinforcer on a variable-interval 1.5-s schedule before a within-session transition to extinction that included no alternative reinforcement, one pellet, or six pellets of alternative reinforcement. A robust extinction burst was obtained when no alternative reinforcement was available, but the prevalence and magnitude of the extinction burst was reduced with an alternative reinforcer available, more so with the larger alternative reinforcer. The data were well described by the model. Similar prospective studies directly examining related effects in basic and applied settings could strengthen the empirical basis of current practice and further evaluate the utility of the present theoretical approach.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":"124 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Select and reject conditional control on matching to sample and stimulus equivalence 选择和拒绝对样本匹配和刺激等效的条件控制

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.70051

Elberto A. Plazas, Juan Carlos Forigua

{"title":"Select and reject conditional control on matching to sample and stimulus equivalence","authors":"Elberto A. Plazas, Juan Carlos Forigua","doi":"10.1002/jeab.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.70051","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to test Carrigan and Sidman's (1992) hypothesis that the emergence of equivalence relations from the standard matching-to-sample (MTS) procedure is due to the exclusive acquisition of select conditional relations during training. Four groups were compared on tests of the properties of equivalence relations (reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity/equivalence) and on trials with novel stimuli replacing S+ or S− on these tests: standard MTS training; exclusive-select-relations training; exclusive-reject-relations training; and detached-MTS training, which included training on both select and reject relations. Equivalence emergence occurred more frequently in the detached-MTS group. Those in the standard-MTS group who showed equivalence emergence had test results with novel stimuli that were more similar to those in the detached-MTS group than to those in the exclusive-select group. The results suggest that compliance with the criteria for equivalence relations may mask at least two different processes. The first is pseudoequivalence, which is associated with exclusive select control. The second is the authentic formation of equivalence classes, which depends on joint select and reject control. The standard-MTS procedure seems to more frequently promote the second process.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":"124 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeab.70051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rule following as choice: The role of reinforcement rate and rule accuracy on rule-following behavior 作为选择的规则遵循：强化率和规则准确性对规则遵循行为的作用

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.70048

David Ruiz, Adam Fox, Raúl Narayanam Rodriguez

{"title":"Rule following as choice: The role of reinforcement rate and rule accuracy on rule-following behavior","authors":"David Ruiz, Adam Fox, Raúl Narayanam Rodriguez","doi":"10.1002/jeab.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.70048","url":null,"abstract":"Rules can control the listener's behavior, yet few studies have examined variables that quantitatively determine the extent of this control relative to other rules and contingencies. To explore these variables, we employed a novel procedure that required a choice between rules. Participants clicked two buttons on a computer screen to earn points exchangeable for money. During training, participants were exposed to rules from two simulated individuals. Rule compliance was measured using free-operant choice periods. In the test phase, both simulated individuals appeared simultaneously, providing different rules, followed by a free-operant period of extinction to assess participants' preferences. Experiment 1 varied the reinforcement rate associated with each rule provider, showing that participants systematically preferred the rule provider with the highest reinforcement rate. In the control condition without rules, participants' preferences tended toward indifference. Experiment 2 varied rule accuracy. This time, participants' preferences favored the icon correlated with accurate rules. However, preferences were not exclusive to the alternatives instructed by this rule provider and tended to match the reinforcement rate obtained for this rule provider during training. These findings suggest that rule-following behavior is a form of choice governed by the relative distribution of reinforcement available in the listener's environment.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":"124 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeab.70048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perceived reward certainty in the assessment of delay discounting 延迟折扣评估中的感知奖励确定性

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.70044

Haylee Downey, Alicia Alvarez, Wenyan Ji, Alicia Lozano, Alexandra Hanlon, Jeffrey S. Stein

{"title":"Perceived reward certainty in the assessment of delay discounting","authors":"Haylee Downey, Alicia Alvarez, Wenyan Ji, Alicia Lozano, Alexandra Hanlon, Jeffrey S. Stein","doi":"10.1002/jeab.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.70044","url":null,"abstract":"Reward delays are often associated with reduced probability of reward, although standard assessments of delay discounting do not specify degree of reward certainty. Thus, the extent to which estimates of delay discounting are influenced by uncontrolled variance in perceived reward certainty remains unclear. Here we examine 370 participants who were randomly assigned to complete a delay discounting task when reward certainty was either unspecified (n=184) or specified as 100% (n = 186) in the task trials and task instructions. We examined potential group differences in (a) perceived reward certainty across a range of delays, (b) delay discounting, and (c) associations between perceived reward certainty and delay discounting. Delay significantly reduced perceived reward certainty in both groups, although delay did not significantly interact with group to affect perceived certainty. Despite higher perceived reward certainty in the specified group, no significant group difference in delay discounting was observed. Higher perceived reward certainty was associated with lower delay discounting in both groups. However, we found no evidence that specifying reward certainty influences estimates of delay discounting. Future research should examine whether perceived reward certainty moderates associations between delay discounting and health behavior and whether perceived reward certainty is impacted by interventions that change delay discounting.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":"124 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeab.70044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polydrug abuse: Choice between drugs as a function of concurrent nonindependent ratio sizes 多种药物滥用：药物之间的选择作为并发非独立比率大小的函数

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.70054

Richard A. Meisch, Thomas H. Gomez, Scott D. Lane

{"title":"Polydrug abuse: Choice between drugs as a function of concurrent nonindependent ratio sizes","authors":"Richard A. Meisch, Thomas H. Gomez, Scott D. Lane","doi":"10.1002/jeab.70054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.70054","url":null,"abstract":"Polydrug abuse is the persistent self-administration of more than one reinforcing drug. The present study provided rhesus monkeys concurrent access to two drugs: 8% alcohol and solutions of either cocaine or methadone. The liquids were available under concurrent nonindependent fixed-ratio (FR) schedules across increasing and then decreasing ratio sizes. These schedules generate high rates of changeover responses and yield a dependent variable of responses per delivery that is not rigidly tied to the ratio-schedule value. The programmed schedule size was equal for both liquids and increased in the sequence 8, 16, 32, and so on until responding decreased, whereupon the schedule size was decreased in reversed order to the original steps. Eight percent alcohol was strongly preferred at the nonindependent FR 8 FR 8 baseline. As schedule size increased, intake of the 8% alcohol solution decreased and intake of the alternative liquid increased. Consumption of the alternative liquid generally remained elevated over initial values when schedule size decreased. The data can be analyzed in several ways, including consumption as a function of price (behavioral economics) and log of relative response rates as a function of log of relative deliveries (matching), thereby providing an interface between behavioral economics and matching analyses.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":"124 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeab.70054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

I'm Not Like the Others: Atypical Research Subjects in JEAB Publications 我不像其他人：JEAB出版物中的非典型研究对象

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.70047

Eduardo J. Fernandez, Kennon A. Lattal

引用次数: 0

Extinction in Free-Ranging Aves in Competition with Sciurus carolinensis 自由放养鸟类在与卡罗林山雀竞争中的灭绝

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.70053

David J. Cox

引用次数: 0

The go/no-go successive matching task and the emergence of arbitrary relational responding: A review go/no-go连续匹配任务与任意关系响应的出现：综述

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.70049

Vanessa Ayres-Pereira, Erik Arntzen

{"title":"The go/no-go successive matching task and the emergence of arbitrary relational responding: A review","authors":"Vanessa Ayres-Pereira, Erik Arntzen","doi":"10.1002/jeab.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.70049","url":null,"abstract":"Go/no-go successive matching (GNG-matching) tasks are one of several procedures used to establish conditional discriminations. This study presents a systematic review aimed at comparing procedures and outcomes of empirical studies using GNG-matching tasks for the emergence of symmetry, transitive, and global equivalence relations in humans and non-humans. A total of 22 articles were analyzed—nine with nonhumans and thirteen with humans. Procedural variables, including trial parameters, stimulus characteristics, and training and testing conditions, were documented alongside the number of participants meeting baseline, symmetry, and global equivalence criteria per experiment. Results showed that 87.5% of human participants demonstrated symmetry, while 58.81% passed global equivalence tests. Among nonhumans, 41.22% demonstrated symmetry, while transitivity was minimally explored, with a 34.83% success rate. A meta-analysis revealed correlations between trial structure, training/testing parameters, and the immediate emergence of symmetry relations in humans. Variability in outcomes across species may stem from differences in prerequisite skills or procedural inconsistencies. Standardizing parameters is essential to distinguish phylogenetic from procedural influences, as current cross-species inconsistencies confound results. These findings provide a framework for refining experimental methods, identifying research gaps, and informing discussions on the critical conditions for equivalence-class formation.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":"124 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A discounting framework for trade-offs between risk and delay 在风险和延迟之间进行权衡的贴现框架

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.70052

Yu-Hua Yeh, Leonard Green, Joel Myerson, Meghan Sheldon, Abhishek Basu

{"title":"A discounting framework for trade-offs between risk and delay","authors":"Yu-Hua Yeh, Leonard Green, Joel Myerson, Meghan Sheldon, Abhishek Basu","doi":"10.1002/jeab.70052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.70052","url":null,"abstract":"Every day we encounter situations in which decisions require trade-offs between the delay to one reward and the likelihood of receiving another reward. The current study was designed to extend a general discounting framework to gain insights into this fundamental trade-off process. Forty-three undergraduates adjusted the probability of receiving an immediate hypothetical monetary reward (either $200 or $10,000) until that probabilistic reward was judged subjectively equal in value to the same reward received with certainty after a delay (ranging from 1 month to 25 years). We replicated previous findings that demonstrated a linear relation between log(delay) and log(odds-against), derived from the subjective probabilistic values. This linear relation was predicted when these choices were analyzed with the hyperboloid functions that describe simple delay and probability discounting in human decision making. Additionally, we extended the discounting framework and showed that the trade-off between risk and delay was well described by a modified hyperboloid discounting model (R2s = .99). These findings suggest that the discounting framework provides a valuable approach for capturing complexities of human decision making.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":"124 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0