Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior最新文献

Assessing differential personal information value with social discounting and hypothetical payment tasks with university students.

IF 1.4 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.4231

Jacob Battaglia, Yusuke Hayashi, Paul Romanowich

{"title":"Assessing differential personal information value with social discounting and hypothetical payment tasks with university students.","authors":"Jacob Battaglia, Yusuke Hayashi, Paul Romanowich","doi":"10.1002/jeab.4231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.4231","url":null,"abstract":"Different personal information types are shared at different rates during a social-discounting task. However, it is unclear whether differences in social-discounting rates between different personal information types are related to differences in valuing personal information. To assess the value of personal information more directly, 160 university student participants completed four hypothetical purchase tasks (HPT) for protecting identification, health, security, and financial personal information at 17 ascending price points and a social-discounting task for one of those four different personal information types. The results for social discounting partially replicated those of a previous study where discounting rates for health information were higher than those for financial information. The results for the HPT largely mirrored those for the social-discounting task. The demand for protecting financial information was significantly higher relative to the that for the other three types of personal information for most demand indices such as the highest price participants were willing to pay for the protection of personal information (break point) and the price where consumption for personal information protection became elastic (Pmax). However, there were no significant relations between social-discounting rate and HPT demand indices. These results show that value may play a role in the observed differences in social-discounting rate for personal information, but additional factors likely contribute to these differences.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discrimination of highly similar stimuli as members of different equivalence classes. 将高度相似的刺激物识别为不同等价类的成员。

IF 1.4 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.4230

Vanessa Ayres-Pereira, Deisy de Souza, Erik Arntzen

{"title":"Discrimination of highly similar stimuli as members of different equivalence classes.","authors":"Vanessa Ayres-Pereira, Deisy de Souza, Erik Arntzen","doi":"10.1002/jeab.4230","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeab.4230","url":null,"abstract":"Learning to discriminate between physically similar stimuli as members of different classes can be relevant in certain situations. This study investigated effective methods of displaying two pairs of quasi-identical stimuli, as samples and/or comparisons, during the training of baseline conditional discriminations. The goal was to enable participants to form three 3-member equivalence classes and discriminate similar stimuli as members of distinct equivalence classes. Eighteen adults underwent arbitrary relations (AB/AC) training. A multiple-probe design assessed maintenance and emergence of stimulus relations. Participants were randomly assigned to one of six training conditions across three experiments. Conditions 1, 2, and 5 presented quasi-identical stimuli successively as samples during training. Condition 3 presented quasi-identical stimuli successively as comparisons, whereas Condition 4 presented quasi-identical stimuli simultaneously as comparisons. Condition 6 presented each pair of quasi-identical stimuli simultaneously as a sample and a comparison. Condition 4 uniquely resulted in successful equivalence class formation for all participants. Conditions 3 and 6 failed to form equivalence classes, whereas Conditions 1, 2, and 5 did not yield baseline learning. These findings highlight the relevance of presenting quasi-identical stimuli as simultaneous comparisons (Condition 4) to foster equivalence class formation. Understanding optimal training conditions has implications for discussions on the acquisition of simple discriminations required in training simultaneous conditional discriminations.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of simultaneous point gains and losses on human persistence. 同时获得和失去积分对人类持久性的影响。

IF 1.4 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.4228

André Connor de Méo Luiz, Myenne Mieko Ayres Tsutsumi, Luis Humbert Andrade de Lemos, José Martins da Silva Neto, Vinícius Kojicowski da Silva, Juliana Suemi Gomes Shirakwa, Julia Rocker Dos Santos, Guilherme Alcantara Ramos

{"title":"The effects of simultaneous point gains and losses on human persistence.","authors":"André Connor de Méo Luiz, Myenne Mieko Ayres Tsutsumi, Luis Humbert Andrade de Lemos, José Martins da Silva Neto, Vinícius Kojicowski da Silva, Juliana Suemi Gomes Shirakwa, Julia Rocker Dos Santos, Guilherme Alcantara Ramos","doi":"10.1002/jeab.4228","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeab.4228","url":null,"abstract":"Four experiments assessed the effects of simultaneous point gains and losses on human responding on a moving response button. Experiments 1 and 2 examined the effects of point loss arranged in variable-time (VT) and variable-interval (VI) schedules on persistence. For that purpose, a multiple schedule was in force. One component had point gains only, and the other had point gains and losses. The net reinforcement rate was equated across components by arranging greater point gains in the gains-plus-losses component. Increases in the speed of the moving response button disrupted responding during test sessions. No differential persistence between point-gains and point-gains-and-loss conditions was observed during Experiments 1 and 2. To ensure that point losses could function as punishers, Experiments 3 and 4 compared the effects of point loss arranged in fixed-ratio (FR) or VI schedules on response rate and persistence. The FR and VI point loss decreased the response rate during Experiment 3 but did not produce differential persistence in Experiment 4. These results suggest that point loss decreases response rate but does not weaken persistence more than gains strengthen persistence.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reward deprivation is associated with elevated alcohol demand in emerging adults. 奖励剥夺与新兴成人对酒精的需求增加有关。

IF 1.4 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.4229

James G Murphy, Samuel F Acuff, Avery C Buck, Kevin W Campbell, James MacKillop

引用次数: 0

Time perception and delay discounting in the FMR1 knockout rat. FMR1基因敲除大鼠的时间知觉和延迟折现。

IF 1.4 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.4227

Adam E Fox, Abbie R Cooper, Amelia L Pape, Hannah M Tobias-Wallingford, William E DeCoteau

{"title":"Time perception and delay discounting in the FMR1 knockout rat.","authors":"Adam E Fox, Abbie R Cooper, Amelia L Pape, Hannah M Tobias-Wallingford, William E DeCoteau","doi":"10.1002/jeab.4227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.4227","url":null,"abstract":"There is substantial evidence for timing (time perception) abnormalities related to developmental disabilities, particularly autism spectrum disorder. These findings have been reported in humans and nonhuman preclinical models. Our research objective was to extend that work to a genetic knockout (KO) model of fragile X/developmental disability, the FMR1 KO rat. We also sought to test delay discounting in the model and assess potential relations between timing and choice behavior. Consistent with previous human and nonhuman work, we found reduced timing precision in the FMR1 KO rats. We also discovered significantly increased smaller, sooner reward choice in the FMR1 KO rats. Performance on the timing task appeared to be unrelated to performance on the choice task for both model and control rats. These results add to what has become increasingly clear: timing is disrupted in humans diagnosed with developmental disabilities and in nonhuman models designed to model developmental disabilities. Our findings are consistent with those of previous work and the first to our knowledge to show such effects in the FMR1 KO rat. We discuss the potential clinical implications and future directions surrounding potential \"timing interventions\" for individuals diagnosed with developmental disabilities.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142605233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resurgence in a discrete-trial procedure in rats. 大鼠离散试验程序中的复发。

IF 1.4 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.4226

Shun Fujimaki, Natsumi Goto, Takayuki Sakagami

{"title":"Resurgence in a discrete-trial procedure in rats.","authors":"Shun Fujimaki, Natsumi Goto, Takayuki Sakagami","doi":"10.1002/jeab.4226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.4226","url":null,"abstract":"Resurgence is a transient recovery of a previously extinguished target response following a worsening of reinforcement conditions for an alternative response. Laboratory studies with nonhuman animals typically assess resurgence in free-operant situations where subjects can freely emit responses. The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether resurgence would be observed in a discrete-trial procedure where only a single response could occur in each trial, using rats as subjects. The experiment consisted of three phases, and each session ended after 200 trials. All trials began with the insertion of target and alternative levers and ended once a response was emitted. In Phase 1, both target and alternative responses were reinforced with a probability of .25. In Phase 2, the target response was extinguished while still reinforcing the alternative response with a probability of .25. Finally, resurgence was tested by placing the alternative response on extinction. All rats showed robust resurgence in this highly constrained discrete-trial situation. We also found that the latencies of resurged target responses differed from those in Phase 1. Overall, the present discrete-trial procedure could produce reliable resurgence as with typical free-operant procedures and has several potential benefits for studying resurgence.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142605232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using sign tracking to experimentally increase self-control in rats. 利用手势追踪实验增强大鼠的自我控制能力。

IF 1.4 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.4211

Saba Mahmoudi, Gregory J Madden

{"title":"Using sign tracking to experimentally increase self-control in rats.","authors":"Saba Mahmoudi, Gregory J Madden","doi":"10.1002/jeab.4211","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeab.4211","url":null,"abstract":"Impulsive choice describes a preference for a smaller-sooner reward (SSR) over a larger-later reward (LLR). A large body of research has examined different procedures for decreasing impulsive choice in nonhuman subjects. One limitation of these procedures is the extensive training duration required to achieve the desired results. To address this limitation, the current experiment examined the effects of a brief course of Pavlovian training, designed to establish a conditioned stimulus (CS) that could be strategically used to encourage LLR choices. Forty male Long-Evans rats were randomly assigned to appetitive Pavlovian or unpaired training. A lever insertion signaled an upcoming unconditioned stimulus (i.e., food presentation) for Pavlovian rats and it acquired CS properties. The lever was uncorrelated with the US in the unpaired group, and it did not acquire CS properties. In the subsequent impulsive-choice assessment, the lever from the training phase served as the lever rats pressed to choose the LLR. After an LLR choice, the lever remained in the chamber during the delay to the LLR, just as the SSR lever remained in the chamber until that reward was delivered. Pavlovian-trained rats sign tracked toward the lever CS and made significantly fewer impulsive choices than did rats in the unpaired group.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":" ","pages":"270-281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeab.4211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142468618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experience with reduced-nicotine cigarettes and whether this decreases smoking and substitution for full-nicotine cigarettes. 使用低尼古丁香烟的经验，以及这种香烟是否会减少吸烟量和对全尼古丁香烟的替代。

IF 1.4 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.4223

Gideon P Naudé, Justin C Strickland, Meredith S Berry, Sean B Dolan, David J Cox, Matthew W Johnson

{"title":"Experience with reduced-nicotine cigarettes and whether this decreases smoking and substitution for full-nicotine cigarettes.","authors":"Gideon P Naudé, Justin C Strickland, Meredith S Berry, Sean B Dolan, David J Cox, Matthew W Johnson","doi":"10.1002/jeab.4223","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeab.4223","url":null,"abstract":"Studies suggest that reduced-nicotine cigarettes decrease nicotine intake and dependence. However, questions remain about reduced-nicotine cigarette abuse liability, whether reduced-nicotine cigarette exposure lowers reduced- and full-nicotine cigarette use, and whether reduced-nicotine cigarettes substitute for full-nicotine cigarettes. This randomized, double-blind laboratory study used operant behavioral economics to examine abuse liability of cigarettes with varying nicotine content. Non-treatment-seeking smokers (N = 43) self-administered reduced- (5.2, 2.4, or 1.3 mg/g) and full-nicotine (15.8 mg/g) cigarettes before and after 3 weeks of at-home exposure. Participants were randomized to full-nicotine or one of the reduced-nicotine cigarettes to determine the effect of exposure on abuse liability and substitutability. Abuse liability was assessed in single-commodity sessions, and substitutability was measured in concurrent-commodity sessions. In the self-administration sessions, concurrently available reduced-nicotine cigarettes attenuated full-nicotine cigarette demand and rendered reduced-nicotine cigarettes partial substitutes for full-nicotine cigarettes. Exposure to study cigarettes for 3 weeks marginally reduced demand for reduced- and full-nicotine cigarettes irrespective of nicotine content. Results suggest a limited influence of nicotine content on smoking behavior in established smokers and highlight the role of nonpharmacological factors (e.g., taste/smell) on the maintenance of smoking. These results should be considered in determining whether a nicotine-reduction standard is a feasible path for reducing cigarette demand.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":" ","pages":"282-296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Zoographics in the Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior: Increasing inclusion of female animals 行为实验分析期刊》上的动物图谱：增加雌性动物。

IF 1.4 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.4220

Amy L. Odum, Kiernan T. Callister, Mariah E. Willis-Moore, Daniel S. Da Silva, David N. Legaspi, Lucy N. Scribner, Josephine N. Hannah

{"title":"Zoographics in the Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior: Increasing inclusion of female animals","authors":"Amy L. Odum, Kiernan T. Callister, Mariah E. Willis-Moore, Daniel S. Da Silva, David N. Legaspi, Lucy N. Scribner, Josephine N. Hannah","doi":"10.1002/jeab.4220","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeab.4220","url":null,"abstract":"We examined the zoographics, or the characteristics of nonhuman animal subjects, reported for the entirety of the Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior (JEAB) through the most recent complete year (1958–2023). Animal sex in particular was evaluated to determine whether the lack of inclusion of female subjects in other disciplines extends to JEAB. Through systematic coding of all nonhuman empirical articles, we found consistent underreporting of most zoographics and a disproportionate use of male subjects relative to female subjects. Additionally, animal sex was commonly unreported and the inclusion of both male and female subjects was sparse. Recent years show some improvement, but greater inclusion is required. Lack of female subjects in research as well as underreporting of zoographics can generate unrepresentative results and hamper replication, generalization, and translation. We provide resources to guide future research and reporting suggestions such as equal inclusion and disaggregation of data by sex. We also clarify misunderstandings about the use of both sexes in research such as beliefs that it necessarily increases the cost of research.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":"122 3","pages":"392-407"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of resurgence following differential reinforcement of alternative behavior with and without extinction in a human operant model 在人类操作性模型中，评估对替代行为进行有消退和无消退的不同强化后的复发情况。

IF 1.4 3区心理学

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.4222

Skylar DeWitt, Adam M. Briggs

{"title":"Evaluation of resurgence following differential reinforcement of alternative behavior with and without extinction in a human operant model","authors":"Skylar DeWitt, Adam M. Briggs","doi":"10.1002/jeab.4222","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeab.4222","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most common treatments for severe challenging behavior involves placing the challenging behavior on extinction and differentially reinforcing an alternative response (DRA). However, extinction is not always feasible and may be unsafe or impractical to implement in some circumstances. Thus, implementing a DRA without extinction intervention may be necessary for some cases. Currently, the extent to which DRA without extinction produces durable treatment outcomes, particularly as it relates to the resurgence of challenging behavior, is unclear. The present study investigated resurgence following DRA with and without extinction using a three-phase resurgence evaluation in a translational human operant model with college students as participants. All participants demonstrated resurgence across both experimental groups. Although there were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence, magnitude, or persistence of resurgence between groups, levels of resurgence magnitude were relatively higher in the DRA-without-extinction group than in the DRA-with-extinction group. Clinical implications of these findings and directions for future human operant investigations of resurgence are discussed.","PeriodicalId":17411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","volume":"122 3","pages":"351-361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0