Scandinavian journal of psychology最新文献

{"title":"The Deep Cloze Test of Global Inferencing in Reading Comprehension: Structure and Validity Among Early Adolescents.","authors":"Essi Viertola, Eija Räikkönen, Pirjo Kulju, Annika M Svedholm-Häkkinen, Carsten Elbro, Carita Kiili","doi":"10.1111/sjop.70147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.70147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent declines in Finnish students' reading performance highlight the need for efficient assessment tools that identify specific processes underlying reading comprehension. This study aimed to adapt and validate the deep cloze test for Finnish sixth graders. The test is designed to measure the ability to draw global coherence inferences for reading comprehension and has previously been validated for adults. The test was adapted for Finnish-speaking early adolescents through a structured, two-phase process designed to ensure developmental and linguistic appropriateness while preserving the intended inference demands of the original measure. Students (N = 275, M_age = 12.72) completed the deep cloze test as well as tests of sentence verification, vocabulary, and reading comprehension. A confirmatory factor analysis supported the unidimensional structure of the deep cloze test. Consistent with the design of the task and previous research, the underlying dimension was interpreted as reading comprehension that requires readers to draw global coherence inferences. Item Response Theory (IRT) analyses showed that each item had reliable discriminatory power. Deep cloze test scores were associated with scores on a normed multiple-choice reading comprehension test, a vocabulary knowledge test, and a sentence verification test, providing evidence of convergent and concurrent validity. The results suggest that the deep cloze test is a promising measure for assessing reading comprehension processes that require readers to draw global coherence inferences.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personal Income Progression of Informal Family Caregivers of Children and Young Adults With Mental Disorders.","authors":"Johan Høy Jensen, Esben Meulengracht Flachs, Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup, Ingrid Alethe Sivesind Mehlum, Hannah Maimin Weil, Ulrik Gensby, Karen Albertsen","doi":"10.1111/sjop.70150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.70150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Informal family care for a child with a mental disorder may negatively impact work capacity and decrease income. We compare prolonged sex-specific personal income progression between informal family caregivers of children/young adults with and without mental disorders. We evaluate mediation via cumulated unemployment. This observational matched cohort study included register data on Danish residents between 2000 and 2018, analyzing personal income each year during a 10-year follow-up period (T1-T10) following incidence of children/young adults with mental disorders (T0). Case caregivers were matched 1:5 to control caregivers of children without mental disorders by age, sex, education, child's age, sex, and baseline (2000-2017) and follow-up calendar years (2001-2018). We analyzed sex-stratified income ratios between case and control caregivers using generalized estimating equations log-linear regression models. Both unadjusted and adjusted analyses were performed. Adjusted associations controlled for age, sex, and socio-demographic factors. Mediation was assessed by comparing ratio estimates of models with and without accounting for cumulated weeks of unemployment. We analyzed 2,339,240 case caregiver and 11,696,200 control caregiver observations based on 204,607 unique case (age: mean = 43.2, SD = 7.3) and 1,371,097 control caregiver (age: mean = 43.0, SD = 7.6) individuals. At T5, unadjusted analysis showed a lower income among case caregivers, females (Income Ratio = 0.956, 95% CI = 0.952-0.959) and males (Ratio = 0.933, 95% CI = 0.929-0.937), relative to controls (Ratios = 1.000). Adjusting for confounders attenuated the associations, although the income differences remained statistically robust (females: Ratio = 0.969, 95% CI = 0.965-0.972; males: Ratio = 0.962, 95% CI = 0.957-0.966). Accounting for cumulated weeks of unemployment reduced income-ratio estimates marginally, suggesting poor mediation. The present results underscore family costs of informal caregivers of children/young adults with mental disorders, who experience weaker personal income progression than caregivers of other children. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06441461.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who Is Most Vulnerable to Conspiracist Ideation? Mapping Conspiracy Belief Profiles and the Psychological Characteristics That Differentiate Them.","authors":"James Hoppe, Stjepan Sambol, Michelle Ball","doi":"10.1111/sjop.70149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.70149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conspiracy beliefs are consequential for politics, public health, and trust in science, yet less is known about the psychosocial characteristics associated with different patterns of endorsement across conspiracy domains. The aim was to identify latent profiles of conspiracy belief and test whether profiles differ on psychosocial characteristics. Adults (n = 252) recruited via Prolific completed the Generic Conspiracist Beliefs Scale and measures of grandiose and vulnerable narcissism, conservatism, loneliness, alienation, societal discontent, relative deprivation, and paranoid thoughts. Latent profile analysis supported four profiles: Low Conspiracy Endorsement, Low-to-Average Conspiracy Endorsement, Elevated Institution-Focused Conspiracy Endorsement, and High Conspiracy Endorsement. Conspiracy belief increased progressively across the four profiles, although the two highest-endorsing profiles did not differ on Government Malfeasance or Information Control. The High Conspiracy Endorsement profile was instead distinguished by greater endorsement of Malevolent Global, Extraterrestrial, and Personal Wellbeing conspiracies relative to the Elevated Institution-Focused Conspiracy Endorsement profile. ANOVAs revealed profile differences in societal discontent, grandiose narcissism, paranoid thoughts, vulnerable narcissism, and conservatism, with the High Conspiracy Endorsement profile scoring significantly higher than the Low Conspiracy Endorsement profile. However, no significant differences were observed between profiles for relative deprivation, loneliness, or alienation. These findings identify societal discontent, narcissism, conservatism, and paranoid thoughts as psychosocial characteristics associated with current conspiracy belief profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waste Bin Design Matters: Evidence From a Controlled Experiment With a Waste Separation Task.","authors":"Anna Högberg, Camilla Grane, Patrik Sörqvist","doi":"10.1111/sjop.70152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.70152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Waste separation prevents material contamination, which is key to sustainable recycling. Evidence suggests that waste bin design can influence the way people separate waste when recycling. However, this evidence comes from field studies with relatively low internal validity. We report results from a controlled experiment (N = 100) using a novel waste sorting task to isolate the effect of bin design on recycling behavior. We focused on whether participants accurately placed refundable bottles/cans in special waste bins (called \"deposit collection tubes\"). Results showed that a blue/experimental deposit collection tube improved sorting of refundable bottles/cans compared to a gray/conventional version. This effect was quite large (odds ratio = 2.25), remained consistent after statistical control of individual differences (e.g., recycling norms, habits), and was explained by the blue tube's superior noticeability. These results show that waste bin design really matters to recycling behavior and that an appropriate design can guide people to a desirable outcome. Design and policy implications are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Envisioning a Hopeful Future Despite Schizophrenia: The Role of Self-Concept Clarity and Narrative Identity.","authors":"Majse Lind, Ragnhild Svendsen, Kristina Flesjø, Kristine Kahr Nilsson","doi":"10.1111/sjop.70113","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sjop.70113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schizophrenia (SZ) has been linked with a pessimistic future outlook but the specific factors influencing such outlook are still to be mapped out. SZ is often referred to as a self-disorder and sense of self has been suggested to be a crucial factor influencing future view. Using a mixed-measurement approach, the present study examined two aspects of temporal sense of self in SZ-self-concept clarity and narrative identity-and tested whether each uniquely contributed to predicting future outlook (i.e., levels of future hope and the perceived influence of diagnosis on one's future). A total of 130 adults with SZ participated in the study (M_age = 34.58, SD = 10.22). Self-concept clarity was assessed through self-report and narrative identity through open-ended elaborations on the future that were content coded following gold-standard procedures. Hope for the future was assessed using self-report and perceived influence of diagnosis in the future was assessed through content coded, open-ended elaborations. Both self-concept clarity and narrative identity contributed independently to a more hopeful future outlook while self-concept clarity alone impacted whether diagnosis was expected to influence the future. Distinct dimensions of the temporal sense of self were associated with future outlook in schizophrenia, and their potential role in the recovery process was discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1327-1336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived Social Isolation and Conspiracy Mentality: Exploring Pathways to Anti-LGBTQ+ Conspiracy Beliefs.","authors":"Sara Panerati, Barbara Barcaccia, Muslumogullari Yunus Emre, Marco Salvati","doi":"10.1111/sjop.70111","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sjop.70111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conspiracy beliefs have long been a recurring feature of human society; however, when they target disadvantaged groups, such as the LGBTQ+ people, they represent a particularly harmful phenomenon with detrimental consequences. Despite the increasing interest in the phenomenon, research to date has often overlooked the influence of an individual social environment. Indeed, recent evidence highlighted that individuals who experience limited social integration might be more vulnerable to adopting a conspiratorial mentality. In this regard, social isolation may represent a possible trigger, fuelling epistemic uncertainty and existential anxiety, and enhancing susceptibility to anti-LGBTQ+ conspiracy beliefs. Hence, the current study (N = 820) investigated whether individuals who experience heightened levels of perceived social isolation are more likely to report high levels of anti-LGBTQ+ conspiracy beliefs endorsement via an enhanced conspiratorial mentality. Results were in line with our expectations, pointing out positive associations between perceived social isolation and conspiracy beliefs, both directly and indirectly, as a function of greater levels of conspiracy mentality. Therefore, an individual's social isolation may represent a promising approach to highlighting the factors that produce fertile ground for the endorsement of anti-LGBTQ+ conspiracy beliefs and may represent a promising aspect for identifying potential pathways for intervention and prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1267-1277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subjective Cognitive Complaints and Hearing Loss in Older Adults-A Cross-Sectional Study on the Possible Association.","authors":"Asmus Vogel, Rebecca K Hendel, Mie Jørgensen, Abigail Anne Kressner","doi":"10.1111/sjop.70115","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sjop.70115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An association between hearing loss and cognitive decline has been found in many epidemiological and clinical studies but few studies have investigated if objectively measured hearing loss is associated with subjective cognitive complaints. Both factors increase with age and are linked to future cognitive decline/dementia. The aim was to investigate if the degree of subjective cognitive complaints was significantly associated with the level of hearing in older adults. Moreover, to what extent this relationship would persist if factors such as age, cognitive dysfunction, and depression were accounted for. Cognitive Function Instrument (CFI) and Cognitive Change Index (CCI) were applied in 60 community-dwelling adults and 83 audiology clinic patients. Participants were 55 years or older and were assessed with Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA), Geriatric Depression Scale, the Logical Memory Test, and Symbol Digit Modalities Test. Persons with moderate-to-severe hearing loss had significantly higher scores than persons with normal hearing on CFI and CCI. Significant group differences were also found for tests of episodic memory and processing speed. PTA results were significantly correlated to both CCI (rho = 0.21) and CFI (rho = 0.25). Regression-based models did not show an independent and significant effect of hearing on subjective cognitive complaints when age, sex, depressive symptoms, and cognitive test scores were also included in the analysis. In conclusion, subjective cognitive complaints increase with decreased hearing (as measured by tone detection) but the association seems to be moderated by other factors such as depressive symptoms and neuropsychological test performances.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1351-1358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147932826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Appearance Anxiety and Eating Disorders Symptomatology: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Manuel Alcaraz-Ibáñez, Adrian Paterna, Almudena F Diaz-Carrasco, Alvaro Sicilia, Mark D Griffiths","doi":"10.1111/sjop.70097","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sjop.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aimed to assess the link between physical appearance anxiety (PAA) and eating disorder (ED) symptomatology by a meta-analysis of existing literature. Eligible studies were searched across six electronic databases up until November 20, 2025. Pooled effect sizes (r) were calculated using random-effects models. Potential variables that influence effect heterogeneity were analyzed by univariable and multivariable meta-regressions. Influence analyses and a three-parameter selection model (3PSM) were used to assess robustness of the results and publication bias. Twenty-seven effect sizes from 21 studies (N = 5261) were obtained. The results indicated a strong association (i.e., r = 0.559) between the two variables under consideration, which was notably stronger (i) among females compared to males; and (ii) for overall eating disorder symptoms rather than bulimic symptoms. The results of this study advocate for further investigation into the effectiveness of addressing anxiety responses related to personal body traits, particularly among females, within the context of preventing and treating eating disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1169-1182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships Between Leader's Humor and Subordinate Perceptions of Leader Warmth and Competence: The Role of Relationship Harmony.","authors":"Chih-Chieh Chu, Shu-Cheng Steve Chi, Hsi-Fang Lai, Inju Yang, Raymond A Friedman","doi":"10.1111/sjop.70105","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sjop.70105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We proposed that in a Chinese context, rather than in the U.S. context, subordinates' experience of relationship harmony is a culturally grounded mediating mechanism, beyond leader-member exchange, linking leader's humor to subordinates' perceptions of leadership warmth and competence. We collected a two-wave sample in Taiwan (n = 166) and in the U.S. (n = 202) through internet platforms. Structural equation modeling and bootstrapping were employed to test both direct and indirect effects, and measurement invariance was assessed to ensure sample comparability. We found that the mediating effects of relationship harmony at work only exist in the Taiwan data, not in the U.S. data. Our results of the Taiwan data showed that acts of humor are associated with perceptions of leadership warmth and competence via an elevated level of harmony. Our results suggest that both cultural-free construct (e.g., LMX) and cultural-specific construct (e.g., relationship harmony) could operate simultaneously within a given cultural context (in our case, in Chinese contexts).</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1217-1232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Self-Reference Diminishes in Competition: The Enduring Impact of Emotional Valence and Color.","authors":"Aiqing Nie, Shuo Sun, Xin Zhang, Jin Wang","doi":"10.1111/sjop.70109","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sjop.70109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prior research has established that individuals tend to preferentially remember self-relevant information-a phenomenon known as the self-reference effect. This effect is often modulated by the emotional valence of stimuli, typically manifesting as a self-positivity bias. Despite the focus on collaboration, competitive contexts remain a critical yet overlooked avenue for investigation. This study examined how self-referential memory processes operate in ongoing and post-competitive social environments. Participants encoded personality trait adjectives-displayed in different colors and with varying emotional valences-using either self-referential or other-referential encoding strategies. They subsequently performed recall tasks individually or under competitive conditions, followed by a final individual recall phase. The data revealed a self-reference effect in item memory (but not source memory) under nominal conditions, which was moderated by word color: the effect emerged for words presented in red but was reversed for those in green. Moreover, the self-positivity bias was contingent upon both color and recall session. Notably, these effects diminished during social competition and its aftermath, a finding that diverges sharply from previous reports in collaborative settings. This suggests that collaboration and competition engage fundamentally distinct cognitive and motivational mechanisms, and that the self/other-reference effect is not merely a function of social interaction per se. These findings challenge existing assumptions about the universality of self-referential memory advantages and highlight the need for context-sensitive models of memory.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1278-1297"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}