Scandinavian journal of psychology最新文献

{"title":"Co-worker phubbing: A qualitative exploration of smartphone use during work breaks.","authors":"Per Martinsson, Sara Thomée","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The present study qualitatively explores co-worker \"phubbing\" (from \"phone\" and \"snubbing\") during communal work breaks. Phubbing, or ignoring others by paying attention to one's phone, has been linked to a range of negative interpersonal and intrapersonal outcomes. Although most research has targeted private relationships, there are indications that lateral work relationships may be similarly affected, with potential consequences at the individual, group, and organizational levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Interviews were conducted with 25 Swedish employees in the electrical trade (n = 13) and health care (n = 12), groups that typically work alongside colleagues and regularly take communal breaks. The interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five main themes were identified: (1) phubbing as a social barrier, (2) the socially integrated smartphone, (3) intentional and unintentional phubbing, (4) navigating phubbing norms, and (5) generational differences in phubbing behavior and attitudes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicate that work break phubbing could potentially undermine interpersonal aspects of the psychosocial work environment. However, this was also seen as contingent on social norms and individual needs and preferences. Discussing phubbing in the workplace may be a way of mitigating negative effects by bridging disparate expectations.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Core self‐evaluations and perceived classmate support: Independent predictors of psychological adjustment","authors":"Carolina Yudes, María Teresa Chamizo‐Nieto, María Angeles Peláez‐Fernández, Natalio Extremera","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13072","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionThe main aim of this research was to explore the contribution of both core self‐evaluations (CSE) and classmate support as unique predictors of positive and negative psychological adjustment among adolescents.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional study, 2,293 Spanish adolescents (<jats:italic>M</jats:italic><jats:sub>age</jats:sub> = 14.07) completed the Core Self‐Evaluations Scale, the Classmate Support subscale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales and the Frequency of Suicidal Ideation Inventory. Pearson correlations among assessed variables were examined, and three hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine the predictive role of CSE and classmate support on life satisfaction, depressive symptomatology, and suicidal ideation.ResultsBoth CSE and classmate support were positively related to life satisfaction and negatively related to depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. Hierarchical regression analyses identified CSE and classmate support as independent predictors of both positive and negative psychological outcomes in this sample. These results indicated support for a comprehensive model involving CSE and classmate support as additive predictors of both positive and negative outcomes among adolescents.ConclusionThese findings underscore the unique and additive role of both individual (i.e., CSE) and, to a lower degree, social factors (i.e., classmate support) to augment the prediction model of positive and negative psychological adjustment among adolescents. Practical implications are discussed, focusing on preventive programs that include strategies to increase positive self‐appraisals and create a supportive classroom climate.","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142260302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretability and clinical utility of the strength and stressors in parenting questionnaire","authors":"Sara Burge, Anna Eva Hallin, Carmela Miniscalco, Anders Sand, Sofia Strömbergsson","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13073","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to enhance the interpretability and clinical utility of the strength and stressors in parenting (SSF) questionnaire, a parent‐reported questionnaire designed to assess strength, stress and associated risks of mental ill‐health in parents of children with developmental disabilities. Responses to the SSF and a demographic questionnaire were collected from 576 parents of children with (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 203) and without (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 373) developmental disabilities. To enhance the interpretability of the SSF, a subset of 129 parents were invited to complete an additional questionnaire consisting of three free‐text questions regarding recent help‐seeking behavior, experiences of mental ill‐health and experiences of parenthood. Parents' responses to the free‐text questions were then categorized as indicative of higher or lower degrees of stress and compared to their SSF score distribution to derive empirical cut‐offs for strength, stress and risk of mental ill‐health as measured by the SSF. The credibility of these cut‐offs was evaluated by comparing the cut‐offs with SSF scores collected from the other 447 parents. Finally, SSF scores from parents of children without developmental disabilities (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 373) were used to generate percentile values for the SSF to enable a standardized interpretation of SSF scores. To increase the utility of the SSF, we examined a recurring pattern of missing answers to items 23 and 33–38, noted in previous studies of the SSF and repeated in the present study. These items were excluded from further analysis since our examination revealed that they were not missing at random but rather constituted real differences in parental experiences, such as receiving a healthcare allowance, or caring for more than one child. The proposed empirical cut‐offs performed well in discriminating between the two groups and yielded a specificity of 77–89% and a sensitivity of 68–76% for the strength, stress and risk of mental ill‐health subscales of the SSF. This study also presents a conversion chart associating each SSF score with a corresponding percentile value. We propose modifications to the SSF, whereby items 23 and 33–38 are excluded, which will enable a more reliable assessment of parental experiences. This will, together with the empirical cut‐offs and percentile values, enhance the interpretability and clinical utility of the SSF.","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142260303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex workers' professional agency, quality of life, and problematic substance use in Finland","authors":"Annika Gunst, Mimmi Uusitalo, Petra Pölönen, Štefan Petrík, Jan Antfolk","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13070","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionSex workers suffer considerable marginalization that limits their choices and exposes them to various types of harm. Hence, it is important to examine sex workers' professional agency and its association with quality of life. In the current study, we investigated professional agency, quality of life, and problematic substance use among sex workers in Finland.MethodsUsing an online survey, we collected data from 136 sex workers contacted through Finnish sex work organizations and social media platforms. We conducted correlational analyses between the study variables and linear regression analyses with professional agency as the independent variable and quality of life and problematic alcohol and drug use as dependent variables.ResultsAs expected, in the regression analyses, professional agency was strongly positively associated with quality of life (β = 0.86, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and negatively associated with problematic alcohol (β = −0.38, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.002) and drug (β = −0.69, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) use. Professional agency explained as much as 73% of the variance in quality of life. Most sex workers rated their quality of life as either good or very good.ConclusionOur results underscore the importance of professional agency to sex workers' well‐being, explaining a substantial proportion of the variance in quality of life. Promoting agency should therefore be at the heart of sex work policymaking. However, as most of the respondents were Finnish‐born cis women, our results might not generalize to foreign‐born, male, and gender diverse sex workers. Future studies should prioritize reaching these populations to ensure broader representativeness.","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142260305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Not exactly twins: Authoritarians and populists differ in their attitudes toward trust in government, elitism, pluralism, political identification, and identity fusion","authors":"Waleed A. Jami","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13068","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionAuthoritarianism and populism are used regularly to describe the individuals responsible for anti‐democratic action. These two constructs share some similarities with regard to how they hinder democracy and at times have been used interchangeably to describe such issues. However, authoritarians and populists may differ with regard to their political identification, as well as how they view the government and the existing establishment.ObjectivesWith a US college sample, this study's goal was to examine how authoritarianism and populist attitudes influence views on pluralism, elitism, trust in government, identity fusion, and political identification (identification with American political parties).ResultsThe findings indicated that right‐wing authoritarians trusted the government, endorsed elitist attitudes, but were low on pluralism; this pattern was the opposite for those high on populist attitudes. Left‐wing authoritarianism was related only to low pluralism. Moreover, low trust in the government partially mediated the link between populist attitudes and pluralism. Results also indicated that right‐wing and left‐wing authoritarians identified with the Republican and Democratic parties, respectively, whereas political identification was unrelated to populist attitudes. Furthermore, identity fusion partially mediated the link between right‐wing authoritarianism and identification with the Republican Party.ConclusionAuthoritarianism and populist attitudes may explain different motivations for anti‐democratic thought and behaviors. This study contributes to ongoing debates found in contemporary populism and authoritarianism research as well as different solutions to addressing their rise in mainstream politics.","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When fMRI came to Bergen and Norway - as I remember it.","authors":"Kenneth Hugdahl","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this personal recollection, I review the beginning of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research in Norway, i.e., at the University of Bergen and the Haukeland University Hospital in Bergen. Research with fMRI had already started in Bergen in 1993, and the small group of researchers involved were the first to take up this new method for studies of the brain and brain-behavior relationships. This article is a recollection of the early years of how the field started and developed in Bergen, Norway over the years, including basic as well as clinical research, and how the research also led to successful innovation and commercialization through the establishment of a MedTech company, NordicNeuroLab (NNL), that has delivered products to more than 2,000 university hospitals worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily within-fluctuations in need frustration and implications for employee recovery and well-being: A mixed-methods study.","authors":"Anja H Olafsen, Miika Kujanpää, Marte Bentzen","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Daily variations in frustration of basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) have received limited attention. This mixed-methods study examines such daily variations and their relations to recovery from work and employee well-being.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study uses multilevel modeling of repeated measures through daily surveys from a period of 8 working days across 2 consecutive weeks, combined with in-depth interviews. A sample of 54 Norwegian health-care workers completed a total of 242 daily surveys, and follow-up interviews were conducted with 10 participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Quantitative results showed that need frustration at work fluctuates from day to day, with competence frustration notably impairing recovery (i.e., lower psychological detachment and relaxation) and increasing ill-being (i.e., higher exhaustion and negative work affect). Autonomy frustration was related to increased exhaustion and sleep complaints, while relatedness frustration showed no significant relation to recovery, ill-being, or sleep. Qualitative findings corroborated and expanded on these results, offering deepened insights into how competence and, sometimes, relatedness need frustration hampered the recovery process and sleep.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the current study add to the scarce body of literature on daily fluctuations in need frustration at work and its adverse consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are profiles of job insecurity associated with health-related indicators among faculty in Swedish academia?","authors":"Anna S Tanimoto, Anne Richter, Aleksandra Bujacz, Petra Lindfors","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Job insecurity is a work stressor associated with various health-related impairments. As concerns about the ubiquity of job insecurity in academia have become increasingly prominent, the potential implications of job insecurity for the health and well-being of faculty require attention. Specifically, these implications may vary between groups within academia, yet little is known about such variations, particularly with respect to different indicators of health and well-being. This study aims to identify and examine profiles of job insecurity (including quantitative and qualitative dimensions) in relation to exhaustion, depressive symptoms, well-being, and work-family conflict among faculty in Sweden. Self-reports in questionnaires were collected in 2021 from a representative sample of faculty, with a doctoral degree, working in Swedish public higher education institutions (N = 2,729 respondents; 48% women; average age: 50 years; 82% born in Sweden). Latent profile analysis was conducted to identify profiles of job insecurity, followed by statistical comparisons on demographic covariates and health-related indicators across profiles. The latent profile analysis revealed five job insecurity profiles: the moderately insecure (n = 215), the secure (n = 1777), the secure; quality-concerned (n = 406), the insecure; employment-concerned (n = 177), and the insecure (n = 154). Twelve percent of the sample was identified as vulnerable, particularly the insecure profile, where these individuals may be most at a risk for exhaustion disorder and depression. Among faculty in Sweden, quantitative and qualitative dimensions of job insecurity appear to be closely connected, with the qualitative dimension seemingly more informative for health-related indicators.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142073810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do conservatives really have an advantage in mental health? An examination of measurement invariance.","authors":"Edward Dutton, Emil Kirkegaard","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many studies have found that conservatives show an advantage in mental health and happiness and various causes of this have been debated (e.g., religiousness, ideology, or genetics). However, not much attention has been given to examining whether this advantage is psychometrically real, or whether it is due to test bias. We analyzed data from two large Finnish surveys of adults (Ns = 848 and 4,978) from Lahtinen (2024), that measured general anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as a new wokeness scale. Using differential item functioning tests, we found no evidence for measurement bias in these scales. The correlation between index scores of wokeness and mental health (internalizing) was -0.36, which increased to -0.41 when measurement error was removed. The association between wokeness and anxiety (r = -0.33, adjusted r = 0.37) was stronger than wokeness and depression (r = 0.20, adjusted r = 0.22).</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142056373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of change communication and state motivation when adapting to changes.","authors":"Lukasz Stasielowicz","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Employees often work in dynamic environments requiring adaptive performance (e.g., emergencies, clients from other cultures). To optimize change management, employee training, and personnel selection in organizations, researchers have focused on trait-like predictors of adaption to change, such as personality traits or cognitive ability. The study (N = 300) shifts the focus to more proximal performance predictors - change communication and task-related state motivation. Adaptive performance was modeled using latent growth models. Providing two change-related hints, one at the beginning of the task and another directly after the change, mitigated performance impairment observed directly after the change. Moreover, this advantage largely persisted throughout the later stages of the task. In contrast, a single hint at the beginning of the task did not substantially facilitate adaption. Finally, task-related state motivation was linked to better performance on the subsequent measurement occasion. Organizations might minimize change-induced losses by deploying adequate change communication and maintaining employee motivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142005143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}