Scandinavian journal of psychology最新文献

{"title":"The Path to Loneliness for Psychiatric Patients: A Qualitative Study of a Journey Marked by Pain, Hopelessness, Prosocial Signaling Deficits, and Coping Strategies That Are Not Effective.","authors":"Rebecca Landquist, Caisa Öster, Martina Isaksson, Martina Wolf-Arehult","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13089","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sjop.13089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enduring loneliness has serious physical and mental health implications. Patients with mental health problems are at risk of experiencing problems related to loneliness. Therefore, it is important to increase knowledge about how loneliness is experienced and managed in this particular group. The aim of the study was to explore (1) psychiatric patients' experiences of different forms of loneliness, (2) associated problems, including difficulties with prosocial signaling, and (3) strategies used to combat loneliness, to better understand how loneliness affects psychiatric patients and how patients manage their loneliness. A total of 110 psychiatric patients were recruited at eight outpatient clinics in Region Stockholm for a larger study of loneliness. The first fifteen patients who also agreed to participate in the present substudy were invited to meet a trainee psychologist who conducted a semi-structured interview. A reflexive thematic analysis with a codebook approach was used to analyze the transcripts. The described experiences of loneliness were primarily examples of social and emotional loneliness with one prominent theme: \"Hopelessly lonely\". Associated problems were summarized in two themes: \"The inevitable road to loneliness\" and \"Social signals are confusing and push others away\". Regarding patients' strategies for combating loneliness, one theme emerged: \"Using strategies that focus on the current moment\". The results also included a total of sixteen subthemes. Loneliness was described as something painful that is inevitable and unchangeable, with a self-reinforcing loneliness loop leading to social and emotional loneliness, and as something that is intertwined with mental health problems. These results are in accordance with research. In addition, patients described a variety of prosocial signaling deficits and feelings of being disconnected from others. They also reported using strategies that primarily alleviated their immediate suffering when they were alone, rather than focusing on approaches with long-term effects on reducing loneliness, such as participating in social activities combined with effective social signaling. Future research should investigate whether increased awareness of social signaling, as well as social activities combined with improved prosocial signaling and strengthened self-belief, would constitute effective steps for patients to combat enduring loneliness. It also seems important to help patients reduce hopelessness related to loneliness.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":"399-410"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12042727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143010953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive-Emotional Impact of Negative Interpretations of Ambiguous Social Information and Fear of Negative Evaluation on the Association Between Intolerance of Uncertainty and Social Anxiety Subtypes: A Cross-Sectional Mediation Analysis.","authors":"Flavia I Spiroiu, Kathryn Amanda Maranzan","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated whether negative interpretations of ambiguous social information and fear of negative evaluation (FNE) mediate the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and social anxiety subtypes, specifically social interaction anxiety and performance anxiety. Sixty-six participants completed measures examining IU, social interaction anxiety, social performance anxiety, fear of negative evaluation, and negative interpretation bias in the context of ambiguous social scenarios. As expected, fear of negative evaluation mediated the association between IU and social interaction anxiety, and the relationship between IU and performance anxiety. Negative interpretation bias, as measured by a higher likelihood of having negative interpretations of ambiguous social content come to mind, mediated the association between IU and both social anxiety subtypes; however, participants' belief in those negative interpretations did not. Results of this study suggest that difficulty tolerating uncertainty about perceived negative evaluation and about the meaning and possible consequences of ambiguous social situations may be a critical element in the development, maintenance, and/or exacerbation of social anxiety. Future studies should incorporate longitudinal designs using serial moderation models to examine the complex causal relations between IU, FNE, negative appraisals of ambiguous social content, and social anxiety subtypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144161860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attachment, Power/Influence, Conflict Management Strategies, and Sexual Aggression in Emerging Adult Romantic Relationships.","authors":"Isabel Vicario-Molina, Andrés A Fernández-Fuertes, Antonio Fuertes, M Begoña Orgaz-Baz","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sexual aggression among young people is a public health concern. Although many episodes take place in a couple's relationship, few studies have explored the importance of relational variables in this interpersonal context. Of special interest may be the variables in a couple's functioning related to connectedness, power/influence, and conflict management. This dyadic longitudinal study aimed to examine the relationship between relational variables and sexual aggression in emerging adult romantic relationships. The sample consisted of 133 young heterosexual Spanish couples (mean age = 19.44; SD = 1.41) who completed an online questionnaire. At time 1 (T1), romantic attachment, partner's attempt to influence, perception of actual partner influence, conflict management strategies, and sexual aggression (perpetration and victimization) were assessed; 9 months later (T2), sexual aggression was assessed again. The data were analyzed following the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM). Males reported higher levels of perpetration than females, and females reported more victimization. Attachment-related anxiety predicted perpetration and victimization in both males and females (T1). In addition, males reported more perpetration when they perceived their partners as attempting to gain power in the relationship (T1) or having more actual influence in the romantic relationship (T2); whereas in females, victimization was more likely when they perceived more partner influence (T1 and T2), and their partners reported more female attempts at influence (T2). Negative conflict management strategies also explained male perpetration (T1 and T2) and female victimization (T1 and T2). These findings suggest the need to develop interventions aimed at promoting equity and relationship skills for emerging adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptoms of Psychological Stress and Sickness Absence Among Healthcare Workers During a Persistent Crisis.","authors":"Sophia Appelbom, Anna Finnes, Rikard K Wicksell, Aleksandra Bujacz","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Elevated psychological stress reactions among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a need to better understand their possible impact on sickness absence (SA). The study aimed to describe the relation between SA related to mental health problems and symptoms of psychological stress among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. We further aimed to identify whether latent profiles of psychological stress reactions exist within the same population. In this observational registry-based study, survey data between May 2020 and March 2021 and SA register data between May 2019 and February 2023 were collected from 1245 Swedish healthcare workers. Differences between symptoms of burnout, depression, anxiety, PTSD, sleep disturbance, lack of detachment, and lack of recovery among groups with no, few (< 90), or many (≥ 90) SA days were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis tests. Interrelations between symptoms of psychological stress were identified using latent profile analysis. Compared to healthy participants, participants with SA days (in total 6.3%) reported more severe symptoms of psychological stress, were younger, and more likely to work as assistant nurses. Furthermore, they displayed a higher degree of previous SA (prior to the pandemic). No statistically significant differences between groups with few (< 90) and many (≥ 90) days of SA in symptoms were noted. Four latent profiles of psychological stress were identified, but they differed only in the level of experienced symptoms. We conclude that different symptoms of psychological stress are highly interrelated among healthcare workers during a crisis. Although many healthcare workers may experience elevated symptoms in relation to the crisis, it will not necessarily lead to serious mental health problems requiring SA.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Working Memory Predicts Long-Term Recognition of Auditory Sequences: Dissociation Between Confirmed Predictions and Prediction Errors.","authors":"L Bonetti, E Risgaard Olsen, F Carlomagno, E Serra, S A Szabó, M Klarlund, M H Andersen, L Frausing, P Vuust, E Brattico, M L Kringelbach, G Fernández-Rubio","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Memory is a crucial cognitive process involving several subsystems: sensory memory (SM), short-term memory (STM), working memory (WM), and long-term memory (LTM). While each has been extensively studied, the interaction between subsystems, particularly in relation to predicting temporal sequences, remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the association between WM and LTM, and how these relate to aging and musical training. Using three datasets with a total of 243 healthy volunteers across various age groups, we examined the impact of WM, age, and musical training on LTM recognition of novel and previously memorized musical sequences. Our results show that WM abilities are positively associated with the identification of novel sequences, but not with the recognition of memorized sequences. Additionally, musical training has a similar positive impact on the identification of novel sequences, while increasing age is associated with reduced memory performance. Different cognitive processes are involved in handling prediction errors compared to confirmatory predictions, and WM contributes to these processes differently. Future research should extend our investigation to populations with memory impairments and explore the underlying neural substrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144120809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minority Stress, General Stress, and Family Support: Associations With Mental Health and Quality of Life in LGBTQ+ Young Adults During the Covid-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Matilda Wurm, Sofia Bergbom, Guendalina Di Luigi, Veronica Della Casa, Anna Malmquist","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>By simultaneously examining minority-related stressors and general stressors experienced by the whole population, the study's aim was to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the health and well-being of LGBTQ+ young adults in Sweden during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study explored differences in mental health and quality of life between subgroups of young LGBTQ+ adults. Further, it explored how distal and proximal minority stressors, as well as stress related to the Covid-19 pandemic, and family support were associated with mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety, and quality of life) using linear regression analyses in a sample of 245 young LGBTQ+ Swedish individuals. The results showed increased mental distress in transgender and nonbinary (TNB) young adults and that minority stress influences health in LGBTQ+ young adults above and beyond the general stress of living through a pandemic. Nevertheless, different predictors were significant for different outcomes. For all outcomes, family support was highlighted as an important protective factor for LGBTQ+ young adults. Findings support the minority stress model and highlight the need for interventions aimed at reducing minority stress as well as tailored support and resources for TNB individuals during times of general high stressor load. This may include support aimed at their close families.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Symphony of Fire, Ice, and Fog: How Leaders' Interpersonal Styles Shape Psychological Needs and Motivation.","authors":"Leoni van der Vaart, Siw Tone Innstrand, Marit Christensen","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the socio-contextual factors associated with self-determined motivation is crucial for addressing work-related well-being challenges. Leadership behaviors that support, thwart, or neglect employees' psychological needs play a pivotal role in shaping these motivational dynamics. Building on this understanding, this study investigated how different need-oriented leadership behaviors-supportive, thwarting, and indifferent-relate to motivation through various pathways. The study sample surveyed 353 Norwegian employees using the Tripartite Measure of Interpersonal Behaviors-Supervisor (TMIB-S) scale, Psychological Need States at Work Scale (PNSW-S), and the Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale (MWMS). In the bright path, need-supportive behaviors were associated with psychological need fulfillment, aligning with self-determined motivation. In the dark pathway, results indicated need-thwarting behaviors associated with competence frustration, which corresponded with higher introjected regulation. In the dim pathway, need-indifferent behaviors were linked to external regulation and amotivation through need unfulfillment. Cross-path analyses suggested that need frustration may be less detrimental to motivation than need unfulfillment. Our research contributes to self-determination theory and leadership literature by clarifying how three distinct pathways relate to motivation. Practically, these findings underscore the importance of understanding and addressing the nuanced roles of different leader behaviors to effectively manage and foster motivation in organizational settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143981946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coworker Phubbing and Links to the Psychosocial Work Environment Among Electricians in Sweden.","authors":"Per Martinsson, Pernilla Larsman, Karin Allard, Mattias Gunnarsson, Maria Spante, Sara Thomée","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\"Phubbing\" (phone snubbing) has been consistently associated with negative intra- and interpersonal outcomes across various social contexts. However, the potential impact of phubbing on horizontal workplace relationships has not been extensively explored. The present study aimed to examine associations between coworker phubbing during breaks and social support and community, horizontal trust, and organizational commitment among electricians in Sweden. An auxiliary aim was to adapt and validate a coworker phubbing scale. In Studies 1a and 1b, confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess and validate the coworker phubbing scale in two samples. In Study 2, structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationship between phubbing and included psychosocial work environment measures. Exposure to phubbing from coworkers was associated with lower perceived support and community, trust, and commitment. The associations were stronger for more severe phubbing behaviors. Engaging in phubbing others was not considerably linked to the psychosocial measures. Younger participants reported engaging in more phubbing and lower perceived exposure to more severe phubbing. Smartphone habits at work may have implications for the psychosocial work environment and, by extension, important outcomes such as well-being, job satisfaction, performance, and turnover.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Unrealistic to Functional Optimism in Illness Perception: A Psychometric Comparison Across 10 Countries.","authors":"Elisa Kern de Castro, Oscar Lecuona, Maria João Figueiras, Cristina Quiñones, Kamlesh Singh, Shoshana Shiloh, Michaela Schippers, Ana Kinkead, Raquel Rodríguez-Carvajal","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People's perceptions of illness and its risks influence health behaviors, including risk management and precautionary measures. Illness perception often involves unrealistic optimism, reducing infection risk perception. However, crises disrupt self-regulation and optimism due to uncontrollable situations. This study examines optimism's link to risk and illness perception during the first COVID-19 wave in 10 countries, with 7254 participants (48.1% women, mean age = 40, SD = 14.8). We used Bayesian structural equation modeling for psychometric stability and one-way ANOVAs for country comparisons. Multiple regression analyses examined the impact of optimism and demographic variables on illness perception. Significant cross-country variations emerged in illness perception and optimism. In terms of the relationship between variables, optimism correlated with increased COVID-19 risk perception, especially for negative outcomes, concern, and consistency. During crises, optimism shifted from unrealistic to functional, promoting treatment adherence, personal control, and coherence. These dimensions represent individuals' beliefs in managing illness, highlighting optimism's adaptive role in crises.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leading From Higher Headquarters.","authors":"Jostein Mattingsdal, Roar Espevik","doi":"10.1111/sjop.13120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.13120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the relationship between self-efficacy, task acceptance, and goal setting among senior leaders operating in higher headquarters, particularly within the context of hybrid warfare. The aim is to describe the factors that influence the decision-making (DM) performance of police and military leaders involved in collaborative response efforts during wartime. Path analysis was utilized to investigate an original dataset comprising 102 participants from Norway's police and military (M = 44.4 years). It involved a realistic simulation exercise designed to replicate the challenges associated with hybrid warfare. The study was grounded in Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory. The results indicated that self-efficacy demonstrated a positive and significant indirect effect on DM performance through goal setting. Furthermore, high DM performance in peacetime and high goal setting were both positively associated with DM performance in wartime. This study enhances the understanding of the interplay between self-efficacy, task acceptance, and goal setting in crisis response settings. The findings underscore the significance of cultivating effective DM skills in senior leaders operating in higher headquarters, particularly in defense against hybrid warfare. These insights can be applied to leadership development and policy programs aimed at enhancing national DM frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":21435,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}