Grace Wallsinger, Maeve R. Boylan, Jessica Sanches Braga Figueira, Ryan Barry-Anwar, Gabriella Silva, Andreas Keil, Lisa S. Scott
{"title":"Experience With Face Groups Impacts Face Processing, but Not Face Differentiation in 6- and 9-Month-Old Infants","authors":"Grace Wallsinger, Maeve R. Boylan, Jessica Sanches Braga Figueira, Ryan Barry-Anwar, Gabriella Silva, Andreas Keil, Lisa S. Scott","doi":"10.1002/dev.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study examined neural differentiation of faces from familiar and unfamiliar race groups at 6 and 9 months of age. Two of four face groups (one familiar and one unfamiliar) were shown to infants based on parent reports of infant face experience. Infants completed a fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS) EEG task in which separate blocks of familiar and unfamiliar face groups, equated for low-level visual differences, were presented at a rate of 6 Hz. Within each block, a different individual was presented at 1.2 Hz (every fifth face). A medial occipital 6 Hz neural response was greater for faces from the familiar compared to the unfamiliar group, which was primarily driven by the 6-month-old age group. A robust occipital 1.2 Hz response was present for both ages and for both familiar and unfamiliar face groups, suggesting individual-level face differentiation. However, the topography of the 1.2 Hz response differed for 6- and 9-month-olds and suggests that face differentiation becomes increasingly right lateralized with age. The present results highlight the importance of face experience on visuocortical brain responses associated with face processing (6 Hz) and suggest that face differentiation (1.2 Hz) is present by 6 months of age and not impacted by face familiarity.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. J. Hamers, D. C. Bouter, S. Dieleman, W. J. G. Hoogendijk, N. H. Grootendorst - van Mil
{"title":"The Association Between Childhood Impaired Motor Development and Adolescent Psychotic Experiences","authors":"P. J. Hamers, D. C. Bouter, S. Dieleman, W. J. G. Hoogendijk, N. H. Grootendorst - van Mil","doi":"10.1002/dev.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Increasing evidence indicates that psychosis spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental disorders linked to early life. Motor impairments are proposed as a key early marker of risk for psychosis spectrum disorders. Here, we explored the association between childhood impaired motor development and psychotic experiences (PE) in adolescents. Participants were 658 adolescents from a cohort oversampled on their self-reported emotional and behavioral problems. Parents reported retrospectively on childhood motor development, including onset of walking, aptitude in ballgames, balance, and smoothness of movement. Adolescents completed the Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16) to assess PE at two time points (mean age 14.73 at first measurement and 17.78 at follow-up). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to assess associations between childhood impaired motor development and adolescent PE. Childhood impaired motor development was associated with higher levels of adolescent PE (<i>β</i> = 0.23, 95% CI 0.08; 0.38) at age 17, but not at age 15. In addition, motor impairments were associated with an increase in PE between the two time points. This association was especially apparent in hallucinatory experiences (<i>β</i> = 0.26, 95% CI 0.13; 0.39), but not in delusional experiences. Childhood impaired motor development may signal an increased risk for adolescent PE, emphasizing the need for precise assessment tools and further research into these associations. This study supports the notion of psychosis spectrum disorders as neurodevelopmental in nature and highlights the role of early risk markers in identifying these disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dev.70049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143950012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Georgia F. Celestin, Lara J. Pierce, Viviane Valdes, Saúl A. Urbina-Johanson, Alejandra Barrero-Castillero, Chirag M. Vyas, Steven Senese, Immaculata De Vivo, Charles A. Nelson
{"title":"Telomere Length and Change Among Infants Growing up in Low- to Mid-Income Households","authors":"Georgia F. Celestin, Lara J. Pierce, Viviane Valdes, Saúl A. Urbina-Johanson, Alejandra Barrero-Castillero, Chirag M. Vyas, Steven Senese, Immaculata De Vivo, Charles A. Nelson","doi":"10.1002/dev.70047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Telomere biology is a molecular mechanism that may underlie relationships between stress and health outcomes and has been shown to vary across racial and ethnic groups. Telomere length may also be susceptible to the deleterious impacts of stress during early development. However, limited research has examined these associations in diverse samples using repeated measures in infancy. This study assessed longitudinal change in telomere length across three time points in the first year of life (<i>n</i> = 90) in a diverse sample of infants (53.3% female, 30% Black, and 35.6% Hispanic) from low- to middle-income backgrounds. We also examined associations between maternal psychological stress, sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19 pandemic onset, and infant telomere length. In this sample, female infants had longer telomeres than male infants. Additionally, visit timepoint significantly predicted infant telomere length, showing nonlinear patterns of change over time. Maternal psychological distress, sociodemographic characteristics, and the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic were not associated with infant telomere length. Overall, these findings suggest that infant telomere length is dynamic in the first year of life, although larger and more socioeconomically heterogeneous samples may be needed to detect the effects of stress on infant telomere length.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parent-Reported Toddler Dysregulation and Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Predict Trajectories of Childhood Externalizing Behaviors","authors":"Michelle L. Ramos, Anna M. Zhou, Kristin A. Buss","doi":"10.1002/dev.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Externalizing behaviors (e.g., aggression, oppositionality, conduct problems) typically peak then decrease across early childhood (ages 2–5). However, some children continue to exhibit elevated levels of externalizing behavior throughout childhood, which can have implications for later socioemotional difficulties. Emotion regulation (ER) is an early predictor of continuity in externalizing behaviors. Toddlers with poor ER are more likely to exhibit externalizing behaviors during childhood. Additionally, individual differences in resting autonomic nervous system activity (respiratory sinus arrhythmia; RSA) reflect the capacity for physiological regulation and therefore may moderate associations between early dysregulation and later externalizing behaviors. Therefore, the current study (<i>n</i> = 174) examined the interaction between 18-month toddler behavioral dysregulation and resting RSA in the prediction of externalizing behaviors across early childhood (ages 4–6). Toddlers high in behavioral dysregulation and with lower RSA showed increased levels of externalizing behaviors across early childhood. Toddlers with higher RSA showed decreasing levels of externalizing behaviors across early childhood. These results highlight the importance of using multimethod approaches that capture different dimensions of regulation when examining the role of regulation in externalizing behaviors as the capacity for early physiological regulation may interfere with behavioral regulation to influence the express of later problematic behavior.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Childhood Evolved Developmental Niche History and Autonomic Regulation in Women","authors":"Mary S. Tarsha, Darcia Narvaez","doi":"10.1002/dev.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Early life adversity has been studied widely, but still understudied is the impact of positive early life experiences. Emerging evidence suggests that humanity's millions-year-old evolved developmental niche (EDN) supports healthy biopsychosocial development. The EDN includes positive touch, responsive relationships, a welcoming social climate, social embeddedness, and self-directed free play. We examined the relation between EDN components and cardiac vagal regulation, the online biomarker for psychopathology, health, and a correlate of positive parenting behaviors.</p><p>Women (<i>N</i> = 78; 84% white/Euro-American) self-reported their childhood EDN history, and their respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) was assessed across non-stimulating and stressful conditions, providing indexes of both cardiac vagal tone and cardiac vagal flexibility. Three latent growth curve models demonstrated that childhood history of social embeddedness and positive home climate outperformed the other EDN components. A higher positive home climate predicted higher cardiac vagal tone, whereas greater social embeddedness predicted vagal flexibility, buffering against stress and supporting faster rates of recovery from stress.</p><p>EDN-consistent childhoods, specifically experiencing a positive home climate and social embeddedness, may promote overall cardiac vagal tone and vagal flexibility in women years later. Ecological contexts that support EDN provision may support physiological adaptations that protect against stress and promote stress resilience in adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dev.70046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frances H. Li, Nicole M. Froidevaux, Margaret L. Kerr, Patricia A. Smiley, Paul D. Hastings, Jessica L. Borelli
{"title":"Maternal Emotion Regulation and Parenting: A Physiological Perspective","authors":"Frances H. Li, Nicole M. Froidevaux, Margaret L. Kerr, Patricia A. Smiley, Paul D. Hastings, Jessica L. Borelli","doi":"10.1002/dev.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The psychological capacity for emotion regulation (ER) facilitates sensitive caregiving and fosters positive child outcomes. Parasympathetic regulation, indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), is an important physiological component of ER. While growing evidence supports the link between parents’ physiological ER and parenting behaviors, few studies distinguish parents’ global ER capacity from ER in parenting-specific contexts, which can provide important insights for intervention. The current study examines the links between parenting behaviors, global ER (operationalized as resting RSA, measured during a baseline task), and parenting-specific ER (operationalized as phasic RSA change, measured during responses to the child-related questions for the Adult Attachment Interview [AAI]). Mothers (<i>N</i> = 169) and their toddlers participated in this study. Parenting behaviors were assessed through a standardized parent–child interaction task, yielding scores for overall parenting behaviors, overall parenting contingency, and specific parenting behaviors. Regression models suggested that resting RSA was positively associated with overall parenting behaviors and contingency, sensitivity to cues, and cognitive growth-fostering. Positive phasic RSA change (i.e., RSA augmentation) was significantly associated with overall parenting behaviors and social–emotional growth-fostering over and above resting RSA. Both global ER and parenting-specific ER may be promising targets for interventions to improve parenting behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dev.70044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brandon L. Goldstein, Olivia Arciero, Samantha Santos, Damion J. Grasso, Inge-Marie Eigsti, Fumiko Hoeft, Charles J. Williams, Anusha Mohan, Emily Mohler, Kimberly J. McCarthy, Margaret J. Briggs-Gowan
{"title":"Neurophysiological Differences in Auditory Threat Processing in Young Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence: a Pilot Study","authors":"Brandon L. Goldstein, Olivia Arciero, Samantha Santos, Damion J. Grasso, Inge-Marie Eigsti, Fumiko Hoeft, Charles J. Williams, Anusha Mohan, Emily Mohler, Kimberly J. McCarthy, Margaret J. Briggs-Gowan","doi":"10.1002/dev.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Threat reactivity is a mechanism linking children's exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health outcomes. Most studies focus on visual threats, with few examining auditory threat—a salient aspect of IPV exposure. This pilot study examines auditory threats in IPV-exposed children with event-related brain potentials (ERPs) elicited during an auditory affective oddball task. Children (<i>N</i> = 37, ages 4–7) were presented with four auditory cues: (1) standard cues with neutral prosody (<i>dada</i>; 70% of trials), (2) deviant or oddball cues with neutral prosody (<i>baba</i>; 10% of trials), (3) happy prosody deviant cues (<i>dada</i>; 10% of trials), and (4) angry prosody deviant cues (<i>dada</i>; 10% of trails). We analyzed the P3, an ERP index of emotionally salient or novel stimuli occurring 250–350 ms post-stimulus onset. Compared to non-exposed children, IPV-exposed children had smaller mean differences between P3 amplitudes than angry and standard cues, suggesting an altered appraisal and blunted emotional response to auditory threat. This blunted response was significantly associated with mother-reported child posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. These findings provide preliminary evidence of neurophysiological distinctions in auditory threat processing in children exposed to IPV, underscoring the need for further research examining auditory threat.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA) Reactivity and Developmental Delay in the Preschool Years","authors":"Jane Jiyoun Lee, Eirini Flouri, Yo Jackson","doi":"10.1002/dev.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Children with developmental delay are more likely than their typically developing peers to experience emotional dysregulation. Given that there is evidence that respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) reactivity indexes emotion regulation, which in turn tracks motor, language, and cognitive development across the early years, RSA reactivity should develop accordingly in that period and differ by developmental status. The present study therefore compared those with and without developmental delay (across adaptive, personal–social, and motor domains) on the growth in RSA reactivity in the preschool years (ages 3–5 years) across three time points. Results showed that those with global developmental delay exhibited atypical RSA reactivity progression (e.g., excessive or insufficient vagal withdrawal) across the preschool years. Follow-up is needed to determine whether this pattern of RSA reactivity persists later in childhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dev.70042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephanie Thompson, Natasha Moini, Lisa Shimomaeda, Lindsey Green, Dannielle Whiley, Liliana J. Lengua
{"title":"New Mothers’ Experiences of Childhood Adversity and Current Context of Economic Adversity Predict Parent and Infant RSA","authors":"Stephanie Thompson, Natasha Moini, Lisa Shimomaeda, Lindsey Green, Dannielle Whiley, Liliana J. Lengua","doi":"10.1002/dev.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined the pathways from mothers’ adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) to infants’ respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), testing potential mechanisms of current contextual risk, maternal RSA, and parenting in accounting for the intergenerational transmission of adversity. Participants were 200 first-time mothers and their infants living in low-income contexts. Mothers reported on ACEs and contextual risk (economic insecurity, cumulative risk) during their pregnancy (T1). Observed parenting behaviors and mothers’ and infants’ baseline RSA were obtained when the infants were 2–4 months of age (T2) and 4–6 months of age (T3). The results from path analyses showed that mothers’ experiences of ACEs were related to higher current economic insecurity and cumulative risk. Higher current economic insecurity predicted lower baseline RSA at T2 in infants but not in mothers, whereas mothers’ report of ACEs predicted lower maternal baseline RSA at T2. Higher maternal baseline RSA at T2 predicted relative increases in infant RSA from T2 to T3. Maternal responsiveness was unrelated to ACEs and current contextual risk but predicted relative increases in infant baseline RSA from T2 to T3, indicating an independent effect of parenting. The findings highlight potential pathways for the intergenerational transmission of experiences of adversity. Mothers’ own experiences of adversity as a child may impact a psychophysiological substrate of emotion regulation of infants through current economic insecurity and maternal emotional regulation, whereas maternal parenting appears to independently support a correlate of infant regulation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143809655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Childbirth Preparation Training with Yoga Support on Salivary Cortisol, Anxiety, Fear of Childbirth, and Readiness","authors":"Mehtap Uzun Aksoy, Elif Gürsoy","doi":"10.1002/dev.70040","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dev.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This quasi-experimental study was conducted to determine the effect of childbirth preparation training with yoga support on cortisol, anxiety, fear of childbirth, and readiness level. The research population consists of pregnant women who applied to the gynecology and obstetrics polyclinic of a university hospital, a city hospital, and 19 family practice centers in Türkiye. This study using the convenience sampling method was completed with 60 pregnant women. The study was conducted in three groups: yoga-supported childbirth preparation training (Yoga + CPT, <i>n</i> = 19), childbirth preparation training (CPT, <i>n</i> = 22), and control (<i>n</i> = 19). Trainings were given once a week from the 31st to the 34th week of pregnancy. Data were collected by the Pregnant Information Form, Saliva Collection Material, STAI-T, STAI-S, and fear and readiness for childbirth subdimensions of the PSAS between April and October 2019. Analyses were performed using repeated measures ANOVA, independent sample <i>t</i>-test, paired sample <i>t</i>-test, and one-way ANOVA (SPSS 25.0). While there was a significant decrease in salivary cortisol levels in the Yoga + CPT group (<i>p</i> < 0.001), but not among the groups. The state anxiety level was found to be significantly higher in the intervention groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001). There was a significant difference in fear of childbirth in the intervention groups between before and after the training (<i>p</i> < 0.05), but not among the groups. The childbirth readiness of the Yoga + CPT group was higher than that of the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.019). While the Yoga + CPT decreased pregnant women's saliva cortisol and fear of childbirth and increased their readiness for childbirth, the Yoga + CPT and the CPT increased the state anxiety level.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}