{"title":"Parental Incarceration, Attachment to Caregivers, and Young Children's Physiological Stress","authors":"Luke Muentner, Kerrie Fanning, Kaitlyn Pritzl, Amita Kapoor, Lindsay Weymouth, Chandni Anandha Krishnan, Julie Poehlmann","doi":"10.1002/dev.70076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70076","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Parental incarceration can be stressful for children, leading to less optimal development. Although parental incarceration typically takes place among other adversities, resilience processes occur in many families, for example, in instances of secure child–caregiver attachment relationships. Yet, it is not known how secure attachments are associated with stress processes in children with incarcerated parents, especially in the context of other risks. The current study analyzed data from 67 child–caregiver dyads, measuring cumulative stress hormones (cortisol and cortisone) through children's hair samples and assessing attachment security using the Attachment Q-sort. Results indicated that children with higher attachment security scores had lower levels of cortisone and the combined cortisol/cortisone variable, aligning with the Learning Theory of Attachment, which posits that secure attachments mitigate stress through consistent, supportive caregiving. Conversely, children with insecure attachments exhibited more extreme cortisone levels, suggesting dysregulated stress responses. These findings underscore the importance of attachment security as a resilience factor in children facing parental incarceration and other adversities. The study calls for targeted interventions to strengthen caregiver–child relationships, which could buffer the long-term negative impacts of chronic stress. These results highlight the need for family-related approaches to support the well-being of children affected by mass incarceration.</p>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dev.70076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144935020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annemieke M. Witte, Noor de Waal, Martine W. F. T. Verhees, Anna M. Lotz, Marinus H. van IJzendoorn, Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg
{"title":"Do Child Gender Stereotypes Mediate Associations Between Human Fathers’ Testosterone Levels and Paternal Involvement? Two Studies","authors":"Annemieke M. Witte, Noor de Waal, Martine W. F. T. Verhees, Anna M. Lotz, Marinus H. van IJzendoorn, Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg","doi":"10.1002/dev.70079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This preregistered study investigated whether human paternal testosterone levels predicted fathers’ time spent with their child and their involvement in childcare and household tasks. Additionally, we examined whether associations were mediated by fathers’ attitudes toward child gender stereotypes. Associations were tested in an exploratory sample (<i>n</i> = 70, <i>M</i> = 6.73 months postpartum, <i>SD</i> = 2.13) and a test sample (<i>n</i> = 80, <i>M</i> = 2.67 months postpartum, <i>SD</i> = 0.77). Testosterone was quantified from the 1-cm hair segments closest to the scalp. Fathers reported on the amount of time spent with their child and on their attitudes toward child gender stereotypes. Mothers and fathers reported on fathers’ involvement in childcare and household tasks. In the exploratory sample, testosterone levels were positively associated with involvement in childcare and household tasks but unrelated to the time spent with the child. In the test sample, testosterone levels did not predict the time spent with the child or involvement in childcare and household tasks. In both samples, no evidence was found for mediation by attitudes toward child gender stereotypes. In conclusion, testosterone levels are differently but not systematically associated with involvement in childcare and household tasks during the first year of fatherhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dev.70079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144935019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chase Antonacci, Jessica L. Buthmann, Jessica P. Uy, Parmis Khosravi, Yoonji Lee, Ian H. Gotlib
{"title":"Frontolimbic Connectivity and Threat-Related Psychopathology: A Data-Driven Test of Models of Early Adversity","authors":"Chase Antonacci, Jessica L. Buthmann, Jessica P. Uy, Parmis Khosravi, Yoonji Lee, Ian H. Gotlib","doi":"10.1002/dev.70080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70080","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early adversity is a well-established risk factor for psychopathology in youth. Contemporary taxonomies of adversity seek to distill the diverse stressors children face into meaningful categories of experience to enable more precise prediction of risk; however, few studies have tested these models using data-driven approaches in well-characterized, longitudinal samples. Here, we examined the latent structure of early stress across diverse domains of exposure, tested differential associations with psychopathology in adolescence, and investigated frontolimbic functional connectivity as a potential mediator. In a sample of 168 youth (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 11.36), factor analyses identified two latent stress factors at baseline—“Parenting” and “Deprivation & Unpredictability”—and a single “Psychopathology” factor extracted from measures of mental health obtained 2 years later. While adverse parenting predicted greater psychopathology, exposure to threat emerged as the strongest predictor of adolescent mental health problems. High-dimensional regularized mediation analyses revealed that frontolimbic functional connectivity mediated the association between Threat and Psychopathology in girls but not in boys. These findings suggest that widely used dimensional models overlook key aspects of adversity, including sex-linked asymmetries across neurodevelopment and the distinct role of parenting-related stress. Refining adversity taxonomies across diverse samples and stress domains is crucial to advancing targeted interventions for youth mental health.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144935068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marisa N. Lytle, Anna M. Zhou, Elizabeth Youatt, Centia Thomas, Dawn Witherspoon, Vanessa LoBue, Kristin A. Buss, Koraly Pérez-Edgar
{"title":"The Influence of Neighborhood on Infant Parasympathetic Nervous System Development","authors":"Marisa N. Lytle, Anna M. Zhou, Elizabeth Youatt, Centia Thomas, Dawn Witherspoon, Vanessa LoBue, Kristin A. Buss, Koraly Pérez-Edgar","doi":"10.1002/dev.70074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70074","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The adaptive calibration model (ACM) asserts that the stress response system, including the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS), conditionally adapts to one's environment. In infancy, the proximal context of parental influences (e.g., maternal depression/anxiety) affects the development of the infant stress response system. In contrast, the relation between broader contexts, such as neighborhood environment, and infant PNS development is less well understood, despite the impact neighborhoods may have on maternal mental health and youth outcomes. The present study bridges prior research examining relations between neighborhood and maternal depression, and maternal depression and infant PNS development. Latent growth curve analysis with mother–infant dyads (<i>N</i> = 320), assessed when infants were 4, 8, 12, 18, and 24 months old, indicated that maternal depressive symptoms showed global decreases across infancy and that infant resting RSA showed global increases, as well as variability across the sample in these trajectories. Moderated mediation modeling showed significant direct effects of neighborhood structural disadvantage on initial levels of infant resting RSA. However, there were no significant indirect effects of neighborhood through maternal depressive symptoms on RSA levels or trajectories. These findings suggest that the broader environment impacts infant stress response system development, but this may occur through other mechanisms beyond proximal maternal depressive symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dev.70074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144929480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Autonomic Psychophysiology of Preadolescent Anxiety: Within- and Cross-System Interactions Between Measures of Autonomic Nervous System Reactivity to Social Stress","authors":"Alexander K. Kaeppler, Stephen A. Erath","doi":"10.1002/dev.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study sought to build on prior research by examining within-system (sympathetic nervous system [SNS] × SNS) and cross-system (SNS × parasympathetic nervous system [PNS]) interactions between measures of autonomic reactivity to social stress as predictors of anxiety. The physiological responses (respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA], skin conductance level [SCL], and pre-ejection period [PEP]) of 123 preadolescents (<i>M</i>age = 12.03 years) were measured continuously during a lab protocol designed to simulate common peer evaluation experiences. Preadolescents completed measures of global anxiety and real-time, context-specific anxiety during the social-evaluative stress protocol. The within-system interaction between PEP reactivity (PEPR) and SCL reactivity (SCLR) was associated with context-specific anxiety, such that a significant positive association was observed between SCLR and context-specific anxiety at higher levels of PEPR but not lower levels of PEPR. In addition, the cross-system interaction between RSA reactivity (RSAR) and PEPR was a significant predictor of global anxiety, such that a significant negative association was observed between RSAR and global anxiety at higher levels of PEPR, but not lower levels of PEPR. An increase in SCL coupled with shortening of PEP may reflect SNS hyperreactivity to social-evaluative stress and contribute to concurrent anxiety, whereas blunted RSAR to social stress combined with a shortening of PEP may reflect a nonreciprocal cardiac response and contribute to global anxiety.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144935021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marlen Z. Gonzalez, Rikki S. Laser, Sara Catalina Carrillo, Xinyi Deng, Elizabeth Riley, Riesa Y. Cassano-Coleman, Zahra Baninameh, Nora H Prior, Gloria Chen, Mary K. MacMillan, Genevieve M Wager, Sanaea Z. Bhagwagar, Lisa Morton, Samantha De Leon Sautu, Sará Y. King, Maureen Dunne, Kuricheses Bone-Alexander, Frances Colón, Eve De Rosa, Senegal Alfred Mabry
{"title":"Science Democratization for Rigor, Relevance, and Resilience","authors":"Marlen Z. Gonzalez, Rikki S. Laser, Sara Catalina Carrillo, Xinyi Deng, Elizabeth Riley, Riesa Y. Cassano-Coleman, Zahra Baninameh, Nora H Prior, Gloria Chen, Mary K. MacMillan, Genevieve M Wager, Sanaea Z. Bhagwagar, Lisa Morton, Samantha De Leon Sautu, Sará Y. King, Maureen Dunne, Kuricheses Bone-Alexander, Frances Colón, Eve De Rosa, Senegal Alfred Mabry","doi":"10.1002/dev.70075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Developmental psychobiology and neuroscience hold the promise to improve children's lives but also the peril to entrench marginalization when insights are misapplied or stripped of context. Diversification tilts us towards promise, but as political forces threaten inclusive research practices and public trust in science, developmental researchers face a critical moment. This paper argues that science democratization—grounded in care, inclusivity, and shared authority—can make our science more rigorous, relevant, and resilient. We begin by reviewing how gender, ethnoracial, and cognitive diversity among researchers and participants has expanded the field's reach and sharpened its questions. We then turn to democratization as a relational stance centering care and agency, with the enhancement of our science as a consequence. To ground this approach, we describe an illustrative gender-inclusion event led by the Community Neuroscience Initiative (CNI), which brought together scientists and community members for dialogue, shared learning, and collaboration. Finally, we offer readings, practical recommendations, and open questions for readers interested in applying these ideas to their own work. Written collaboratively with input from all stakeholders involved, this manuscript offers a timely vision for a more ethical, inclusive, and impactful developmental psychobiology and neuroscience.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144885324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Helena J. V. Rutherford, Kathy Ayala, Lissa Falcioni, Jeff Eilbott, Kristin Voegtline
{"title":"A Role for Fetal Movement in Shaping Maternal Neurodevelopment","authors":"Helena J. V. Rutherford, Kathy Ayala, Lissa Falcioni, Jeff Eilbott, Kristin Voegtline","doi":"10.1002/dev.70073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70073","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Emerging evidence suggests that the maternal brain undergoes significant change during pregnancy, which may serve to prepare the individual for caregiving, including increased maternal responsiveness. It has been proposed that fetal movement may play a role in shaping maternal neurodevelopment during pregnancy, including increasing responsiveness to infant cues. In the current study, we examined links between fetal movement and neural responses to infant cues in 22 primiparous pregnant women. We recorded fetal movement via Doppler-based actocardiography, assessing the total number and duration of fetal movements. We also recorded high-density-array EEG while women viewed distress and neutral infant faces and examined the P300 (attentional processing) and N170 (perceptual processing) ERP amplitudes elicited by those faces. For the P300, we found that higher fetal movement counts and longer durations of fetal movement were associated with greater P300 responses to distress, but not neutral, infant faces. Our findings were comparable when adjusting for gestational weeks, time between lab visits, psychological risk, and fetal sex. For the N170, there were no associations between fetal movement and N170 amplitudes. Our results provide the first evidence that fetal movement activity may contribute to maternal neurodevelopment; specifically, women with more active fetuses evidence heightened neural responding to infant distress consistent with greater allocation of attention to these salient infant cues.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144885323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John Colombo, D. Jill Shaddy, Nicole Mathis, Danielle N. Christifano, Alexandra R. Brown, Byron J. Gajewski, Susan E. Carlson, Kathleen M. Gustafson
{"title":"Effects of Prenatal DHA Dose on Infant Visual Attention","authors":"John Colombo, D. Jill Shaddy, Nicole Mathis, Danielle N. Christifano, Alexandra R. Brown, Byron J. Gajewski, Susan E. Carlson, Kathleen M. Gustafson","doi":"10.1002/dev.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prenatal supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been reported to improve cognitive outcomes in infancy and early childhood in some studies. Existent studies have examined the effects of some dose of DHA against a true placebo; this report is the first to describe the effects of different doses of prenatal DHA on infant visual attention at 4 and 6 months of age. In a follow-up to a Phase III registered clinical trial (NCT02709239) designed to evaluate the effects of two prenatal doses of DHA supplementation (200 or 800 mg daily) on maternal physiology and fetal neurodevelopment, we assessed 215 infants delivered to these mothers at 4 and 6 months on a visual habituation task augmented with heart rate (HR) to assess visual stimulus processing, and a gap–overlap task to assess engagement and disengagement of attention. Infants of mothers supplemented with 800 mg/day of DHA had shorter look durations (indicative of more rapid visual learning) during habituation at both ages and a somewhat more mature pattern of HR-defined phases of attention. However, DHA dose did not affect infant HR, nor did it affect infant performance in the gap–overlap attention task. Results are consistent with positive effects of prenatal DHA supplementation on later outcomes, with higher benefit seen for a higher dose.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah Nazzari, Miriam Paola Pili, Ekin Çelik, Samuele Lucchin, Livio Provenzi
{"title":"Infrared Thermal Imaging (ITI), a Non-invasive Window Into Early Emotion Regulation: A Systematic Review","authors":"Sarah Nazzari, Miriam Paola Pili, Ekin Çelik, Samuele Lucchin, Livio Provenzi","doi":"10.1002/dev.70071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Investigating early emotion regulation abilities is crucial as they are key predictors of future socio-emotional development. Infrared thermal imaging (ITI) is a promising non-invasive technique for studying physiological regulation of socio-emotional states in children in both ecological and controlled settings. Despite its potential, no review has summarized the current evidence in the field. We performed a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines to analyze temperature changes in response to socio-emotional stimuli in children aged 0–12 years. The search yielded 15 records, published between 1959 and 2023, including typically developing children (<i>n</i> = 13) and children with neurodevelopmental conditions (<i>n</i> = 2). The reviewed studies showed mixed results, with methodological quality ranging from weak to moderate. Temperature increases and decreases were reported across regions of interest, particularly in the face and hands, in response to negative and positive emotions elicited by face-to-face interactions and audio–visual stimuli. The limited evidence and methodological variability across studies prevent the identification of clear patterns in children's thermal responses to socio-emotional stimuli. Further rigorous research is needed to validate ITI as a reliable tool for exploring socio-emotional regulation in children with typical and atypical development.</p>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dev.70071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thiago F. A. França, Isis A. Segura, Natália M. Dias, Mônica C. Miranda, Sabine Pompeia
{"title":"The Effect of Pubertal Status on Self-Regulation of Behavior and Executive Functions—A Systematic Review","authors":"Thiago F. A. França, Isis A. Segura, Natália M. Dias, Mônica C. Miranda, Sabine Pompeia","doi":"10.1002/dev.70069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Behavioral self-regulation (SR) refers to a set of abilities that enable flexible, adaptive, and goal-directed behavior, including the abilities known as hot (emotional regulation) and cool (e.g., controlled attention) executive functions (EFs). Such abilities mature during adolescence, a period marked by developmental brain changes due to learning/experience as individuals grow older, and by changes in sex hormone levels due to puberty, which influence brain maturation and can affect cognition. However, it is unclear to what extent the maturation of SR/EF is determined by adolescents’ stage of pubertal development—that is, their pubertal status—irrespective of their age. We investigate this issue through a systematic review of the literature. Searching PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO, we found 125 studies about the relationship between pubertal status and SR/EF. However, only 28 of these included results about pubertal status adjusted for the confounding effects of age. These studies were heterogeneous in their methods and reported mixed results with no clear patterns. The literature was also fraught with conceptual and methodological shortcomings. As a result, current evidence is inconclusive about pubertal status effects on SR/EF. We discuss the implications of these findings for current theories of adolescent cognitive development.</p>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"67 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dev.70069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}