Journal of personality assessment最新文献

Examining Competing Factor Analysis Models of the PCL-5 Applied to the COVID-19 Pandemic. PCL-5竞争因子分析模型在COVID-19大流行中的应用

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of personality assessment Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-26 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2026.2669299

Andrew Lac

{"title":"Examining Competing Factor Analysis Models of the PCL-5 Applied to the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Andrew Lac","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2669299","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2669299","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation scrutinized various competing factor structures and psychometric properties for the COVID-19 version of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (COVID-19 PCL-5) to understand stress reactions to the pandemic. Participants (N = 985) completed this measure with instructions modified to exclusively refer to the COVID-19 pandemic as the stressful index event. Descriptive data showed that 76% of participants experienced at least one COVID-19 traumatic stress symptom. Confirmatory factor analysis evaluated various competing factor structures of the COVID-19 PCL-5: (a) one-factor model, (b) DSM-5 model, (c) dysphoria model, (d) dysphoric arousal model, (e) externalizing behaviors model, (f) anhedonia model, and (g) hybrid model. The factor structure exhibiting the strongest fit indexes was the hybrid model comprising seven factors: reexperiencing, avoidance, negative affect, anhedonia, externalizing behaviors, anxious arousal, and dysphoric arousal. In multiple regression analyses, six of the seven subscales from the COVID-19 PCL-5 hybrid factor structure variously predicted outcomes of depression, anxiety, stress, and coronavirus anxiety. These findings offer insights to researchers and mental health professionals for assessing, conceptualizing, and understanding the multifaceted traumatic stress symptoms attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"771-781"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148031604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leveraging Personality Assessment to Better Understand Traumatic Stress and Discrimination in Daily Life. 利用人格评估来更好地理解日常生活中的创伤压力和歧视。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of personality assessment Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-26 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2026.2712441

Michael J Roche, Audrey L Stephenson, Michelle M L Yoong, Michelle B Stein, Mark A Blais

引用次数: 0

Assessing Trauma-Related Symptoms Among Military Personnel Using the MMPI-3. 使用MMPI-3评估军事人员创伤相关症状

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of personality assessment Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2025.2593480

Jacy G Murdock, Lauren Baroni, Dustin B Wygant, Jaime L Anderson

{"title":"Assessing Trauma-Related Symptoms Among Military Personnel Using the MMPI-3.","authors":"Jacy G Murdock, Lauren Baroni, Dustin B Wygant, Jaime L Anderson","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2025.2593480","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00223891.2025.2593480","url":null,"abstract":"Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are heterogeneous, and the psychological impact of trauma varies. This underlines the need for better understanding the impact of trauma on the development of psychopathology, especially in populations where traumatic stressors are prevalent. Although there is myriad research supporting the use of MMPI measures (e.g., MMPI-2-RF) in the assessment of trauma-related psychopathology in military populations, there is limited research using the MMPI-3. In this study we aimed to address this need in a military sample (N = 190). Specifically, we evaluated how the MMPI-3 measures psychopathology among those who have been exposed to military trauma (i.e., active combat exposure and military sexual trauma) and have symptoms of PTSD. Findings reveal significant increases in psychopathology on the MMPI-3 when exposed to military traumas, with associated increased risk of elevating scores. Specifically, results highlight other areas of psychopathology that may be relevant to military experience including broad internalizing distress, cognitive/somatic difficulties, and interpersonal distancing. The MMPI-3 also demonstrated significant overlap with the PCL-5 in its ability to measure PTSD symptoms. These results support the use of the MMPI-3 as a useful tool for understanding the complex symptomology of trauma in post-9/11 military personnel.","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"799-809"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145708023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Breaking the Silence: Using Therapeutic Assessment to Give Voice to Shame and Trauma. A Single-Case Repeated-Measures Design. 打破沉默：用治疗性评估为羞耻和创伤发声。单例重复测量设计。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of personality assessment Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2026.2649229

Donna Kelley, Julie Cradock O'Leary, Filippo Aschieri, Stephen E Finn

{"title":"Breaking the Silence: Using Therapeutic Assessment to Give Voice to Shame and Trauma. A Single-Case Repeated-Measures Design.","authors":"Donna Kelley, Julie Cradock O'Leary, Filippo Aschieri, Stephen E Finn","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2649229","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2649229","url":null,"abstract":"While case studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Therapeutic Assessment (TA) with clients with unresolved trauma, the precise mechanisms of change remain untested. This study investigates predictions about how TA helps clients resolve trauma. The first part of the article details the TA for Mei, a woman with severe PTSD, C-PTSD and shame. The second part of the article includes a single-case time-series design experiment using Mei's daily self-reports from before the TA through 25 days post-TA, along with pre-, mid-, and post-TA administrations of the Trauma Symptom Inventory - 2 (TSI-2) and Symptom Checklist - 90 - Revised (SCL-90-R). Simulation Modeling Analysis was used to evaluate level-change and the trajectory of change in Mei's daily ratings. A Repeated Measures ANOVA, Reliable Change Index and clinically significant change were used to measure the effectiveness of the TA according to TSI-2 and SCL-90-R data. Results demonstrated clear overall progress, with moments of symptom deterioration related to specific elements of the assessment (e.g., administrations of the Adult Attachment Projective Picture System and Thurston Cradock Test of Shame) and Mei's daily life followed by sharp improvements after the assessor helped Mei process the re-elicited trauma and build self-compassion.","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"848-860"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring Associations Between the MMPI-3 and Measures of Borderline Personality Disorder, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Dissociation in a Sample of Incarcerated Women. 探讨MMPI-3与监禁女性样本中边缘性人格障碍、创伤后应激障碍和分离的关系。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of personality assessment Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-25 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2026.2732053

Tasha R Phillips, Megan R Whitman, Kaci F Holmes, Jacob R Brown, Yossef S Ben-Porath

{"title":"Exploring Associations Between the MMPI-3 and Measures of Borderline Personality Disorder, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Dissociation in a Sample of Incarcerated Women.","authors":"Tasha R Phillips, Megan R Whitman, Kaci F Holmes, Jacob R Brown, Yossef S Ben-Porath","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2732053","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2732053","url":null,"abstract":"Trauma is highly prevalent among women involved in the criminal justice system, many of whom experience posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Accurately diagnosing PTSD can be challenging for clinicians given its overlapping features and frequent co-occurrence with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and dissociative disorders. The present study examined associations between MMPI-3 scales and external measures of BPD, PTSD, and dissociation in a sample of 262 incarcerated women housed at a Midwestern state prison. Criterion measures included the Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale (HSNS), McLean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder (MSI-BPD), Personality Disorder Severity ICD-11 (PDS-ICD-11), PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) with Criterion A, Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 (LEC-5), and Dissociative Subtype of PTSD Scale (DSPS). As anticipated, measures of BPD, PTSD, and dissociation demonstrated overlapping patterns of associations with several MMPI-3 scales, particularly Emotional/Internalizing Dysfunction (EID), Dysfunctional Negative Emotions (RC7), Aberrant Experiences (RC8), Cognitive Complaints (COG), Suicidal/Death Ideation (SUI), and Anxiety-Related Experiences (ARX). These findings provide further support for the utility of the MMPI-3 in assessing clinically relevant features associated with BPD, PTSD, and dissociation. More broadly, they highlight the importance of careful differential diagnosis and the use of trauma-informed approaches to assessment and treatment among incarcerated women.","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"810-821"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149061896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applications of Personality Assessment to Traumatic Stress: Introduction to the Special Issue. 人格评估在创伤应激中的应用：特刊导论。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of personality assessment Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-17 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2026.2729284

Matthew M Yalch, Katie C Lewis

引用次数: 0

Case Studies with the Rorschach Test: A Systematic Literature Review. 罗夏测验个案研究：系统文献回顾。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of personality assessment Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2026.2691218

Aurora Milesi, Filippo Aschieri

{"title":"Case Studies with the Rorschach Test: A Systematic Literature Review.","authors":"Aurora Milesi, Filippo Aschieri","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2691218","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2691218","url":null,"abstract":"This systematic review provides the first comprehensive synthesis of Rorschach case reports published over the past 50 years. A total of 217 articles published between 1974 and 2025 were identified through searches in Scopus, PsycInfo, and PubMed, complemented by manual screening of the Journal of Personality Assessment, Rorschachiana, and the Therapeutic Assessment Bibliography. Publication volume increased steadily across decades. Exner's Comprehensive System was the most frequently used coding system, followed by the School of Paris and, more recently, R-PAS. Strong associations emerged between coding systems and language of publication: CS and R-PAS articles were published almost exclusively in English, whereas School of Paris contributions appeared predominantly in French. R-PAS case studies were more often published in higher-ranked journals, whereas School of Paris contributions appeared more frequently in non-indexed journals. Most case reports focused on children, adolescents, and young adults, although demographic variables such as ethnicity and cultural background were rarely reported. The Rorschach was used primarily in clinical settings, commonly within multimethod assessments integrating psychostructural and psychodynamic perspectives. Reporting transparency varied considerably, highlighting the need for clearer reporting standards and greater openness in future Rorschach case study publications.","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"861-874"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148368772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What Does the PCL-5 Measure? A Conjoint Hierarchical Analysis Using the MMPI-3. PCL-5测量的是什么？基于MMPI-3的联合层次分析。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of personality assessment Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2025.2592966

William H Menton, Paul A Arbisi, Melissa A Polusny, Craig A Marquardt

{"title":"What Does the PCL-5 Measure? A Conjoint Hierarchical Analysis Using the MMPI-3.","authors":"William H Menton, Paul A Arbisi, Melissa A Polusny, Craig A Marquardt","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2025.2592966","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00223891.2025.2592966","url":null,"abstract":"The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) is a widely used screening instrument for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. There is active debate about what the PCL-5 actually measures (i.e., PTSD specific symptoms vs general distress or other transdiagnostic factors), especially when positive screenings are observed using total sum scores. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3) is a broadband clinical instrument used to assess a wide array of self-reported psychological and behavioral difficulties within an established hierarchical structure. Examining the PCL-5 together with the MMPI-3 may clarify the nature of the factors underlying the PCL-5, which can separately contribute to elevated total scores on the instrument. Using a previously well-studied sample of United States veterans and their romantic partners (n = 386), we subjected the PCL-5 items and MMPI-3 scales to a series of conjoint exploratory factor analyses. In this sample, PCL-5 items could be largely explained by three correlated but relatively distinctive factors (affect/cognitions, traumatic intrusion/avoidance, and hyperarousal). Conjoint analysis with the MMPI-3 showed that the PCL-5 affective/cognitive items were differentially saturated with a nonspecific demoralization/distress factor. The PCL-5 hyperarousal factor cross-loaded primarily with MMPI-3 somatic and cognitive scales. The PCL-5 intrusions/avoidance factor cross-loaded minimally with any MMPI-3 scales, identifying that factor's content as relatively distinctive among the present indicators. We contextualize these findings within recent research and clinical trends that reconsider PTSD through a multidimensional lens. We also discuss clinical implications of these findings; in particular, examining individual PCL-5 symptom groupings may reveal insight into psychological and behavioral processes with greater specificity to posttraumatic symptomatology.","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"782-798"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145668425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differentiating Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Using the Interpersonal Circumplex. 利用人际关系环区分创伤后应激障碍和创伤后应激障碍症状。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of personality assessment Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2025.2599304

Imani R Byrd, Carly J Kahn, Jessica L Kopitz, Xiyu Cao, Heidi M Martin, Emily A Dowgwillo

{"title":"Differentiating Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Using the Interpersonal Circumplex.","authors":"Imani R Byrd, Carly J Kahn, Jessica L Kopitz, Xiyu Cao, Heidi M Martin, Emily A Dowgwillo","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2025.2599304","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00223891.2025.2599304","url":null,"abstract":"Complex posttraumatic stress disorder (cPTSD) includes core post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms plus disturbances in self-organization (DSO), yet debate continues over whether it is sufficiently distinct from existing diagnostic categories to be considered a separate diagnosis. This study examines the interpersonal characteristics of PTSD, cPTSD, borderline personality disorder (BPD), and level of personality functioning (LPFS) using the interpersonal circumplex. A trauma-exposed sample of 554 adults completed measures of PTSD symptoms (PCL-5, ITQ-PTSD), DSO symptoms (ITQ-DSO), personality pathology symptoms (BSL-23 and LPFS) and interpersonal functioning on the problems and values surfaces. Both the PCL-5 and ITQ-PTSD scales demonstrated similar interpersonal profiles, as did DSO and LPFS (but not BPD). PTSD and BPD symptoms were characterized by cold-dominant interpersonal problems, cold values, and high interpersonal distress. DSO and LPFS symptoms, on the other hand, were characterized by cold-submissive problems and cold/cold-submissive values. Moreover, DSO was associated with significantly higher distress than PTSD but lower distress than BPD. Results provide evidence for DSO as a distinct interpersonal construct from PTSD and BPD and indicate that there is substantial overlap in the interpersonal characteristics associated with DSO and LPFS. These findings support the diagnostic validity of a cPTSD category and suggest that dimensional approaches to personality assessment can enhance differential diagnosis and inform trauma-focused interventions.","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"758-770"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145810662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From Inkblots to Eye Movements: A Multi-Method Investigation of Trauma. 从墨迹到眼球运动：创伤的多方法研究。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of personality assessment Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-30 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2026.2644920

Alessandro Lorenzoni, Francesca Ales, Alessandro Zennaro, Luciano Giromini

{"title":"From Inkblots to Eye Movements: A Multi-Method Investigation of Trauma.","authors":"Alessandro Lorenzoni, Francesca Ales, Alessandro Zennaro, Luciano Giromini","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2644920","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2644920","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Personality assessment in trauma-related conditions has rarely used multi-method approaches, and research on trauma-personality links remains sparse.Objective: We aimed to identify presumably stable behavioral manifestations of self-reported traumatic experiences by inspecting eye-tracking and Rorschach responses.Method: Ninety-three Italian volunteers completed the International Trauma Exposure Measure (ITEM), the Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R-PAS), and a free-viewing eye-tracking task contrasting neutral and negative stimuli. Correlations were examined among ITEM scores, selected R-PAS variables, and dwell time as an attentional bias index.Results: Self-reported trauma was associated with more complex and disturbed Rorschach content. More importantly, both self-report and Rorschach data correlated with a tendency to avoid emotionally charged stimuli in the eye-tracking task.Conclusions: Self-reported trauma may be reflected in behavioral patterns captured by performance-based and eye-tracking measures, offering insight into trauma-related attention and response tendencies.","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"822-834"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147574576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0