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A Formula for Love: Partner Merit and Appreciation Beget Actor Significance.
IF 16.6 1区 心理学
Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X25000020
Arie W Kruglanski, Molly Ellenberg, Huixian Yu, Edward P Lemay, Sophia Moskalenko, Ewa Szumowska, Erica Molinario, Antonio Pierro, Federico Contu
{"title":"A Formula for Love: Partner Merit and Appreciation Beget Actor Significance.","authors":"Arie W Kruglanski, Molly Ellenberg, Huixian Yu, Edward P Lemay, Sophia Moskalenko, Ewa Szumowska, Erica Molinario, Antonio Pierro, Federico Contu","doi":"10.1017/S0140525X25000020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X25000020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We offer a novel motivational account of romantic love, which portrays it as a means to the end of feeling significant and worthy. According to the model, falling in love with a partner depends on the actor's perceptions that (1) the partner possesses meritorious characteristics, and (2) that they appreciate the actor and view them as significant. We assume that these two factors multiplicatively combine with the magnitude of actor's quest for significance to determine the likelihood of actor becoming enamored with partner. The multiplicative model has two major implications: 1. If any one of the partner's <i>merit</i>, <i>appreciation</i>, or actor's <i>significance quest</i> factors falls below its respective threshold of acceptability (such that it is subjectively non-existent), the likelihood of falling in love will be negligible. 2. Above their acceptability thresholds, levels of (partner's) <i>merit</i>, <i>appreciation</i> and (actor's) <i>significance quest</i> factors compensate for one another. A partner's lower standing on merit or appreciation is compensated in its impact on falling in love by the partner's higher standing on the remaining dimension. Furthermore, lower levels of either or both of these factors are compensated for by the actor's higher level of significance quest.Our model affords a broad account of diverse love phenomena, allows the derivation of several specific hypotheses supported by prior close-relations research as well as new data, and it offers novel avenues for further research on classic issues in romantic love. The discussion considers our model's unique implications and examines its relation to other theories of love.</p>","PeriodicalId":8698,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-68"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143539998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Connecting theories of personality dynamics and mental computational processes.
IF 16.6 1区 心理学
Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24000499
Juliette L Ratchford, Eranda Jayawickreme
{"title":"Connecting theories of personality dynamics and mental computational processes.","authors":"Juliette L Ratchford, Eranda Jayawickreme","doi":"10.1017/S0140525X24000499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X24000499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Whole Trait Theory (and other dynamic theories of personality) can illuminate the process by which motivational states become traits. Mental computational processes constitute part of the explanatory mechanisms that drive trait manifestations. Empirical work on Whole Trait Theory may inform future research directions on mental computational processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8698,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences","volume":"48 ","pages":"e39"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Endogenous reward is a bridge between social/cognitive and behavioral models of choice.
IF 16.6 1区 心理学
Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24000463
George Ainslie
{"title":"Endogenous reward is a bridge between social/cognitive and behavioral models of choice.","authors":"George Ainslie","doi":"10.1017/S0140525X24000463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X24000463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endogenous reward (intrinsic reward at will) is a <i>fiat currency</i> that is <i>occasioned</i> by steps toward any goals which are challenging and/or uncommon enough to prevent its debasement by inflation. A \"theory of mental computational processes\" should propose what properties let goals grow from appetites for endogenous rewards. Endogenous reward may be the universal selective factor in all modifiable mental processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8698,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences","volume":"48 ","pages":"e25"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Higher-order motivational constructs as personal-level fictions: A solution in search of a problem.
IF 16.6 1区 心理学
Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24000360
Marko Jurjako
{"title":"Higher-order motivational constructs as personal-level fictions: A solution in search of a problem.","authors":"Marko Jurjako","doi":"10.1017/S0140525X24000360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X24000360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>I argue that Murayama and Jach's claim that higher-order motivational constructs face the \"black-box\" problem is misconceived because it doesn't clearly distinguish between personal and subpersonal explanations. To solve it they propose interpreting motivations as causal effects of mental computational processes. I suggest that their solution might be more compellingly presented as providing a fictionalist perspective on some personal-level constructs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8698,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences","volume":"48 ","pages":"e36"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Human motivation is organized hierarchically, from proximal (means) to ultimate (ends).
IF 16.6 1区 心理学
Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24000542
Edgar Dubourg, Valérian Chambon, Nicolas Baumard
{"title":"Human motivation is organized hierarchically, from proximal (means) to ultimate (ends).","authors":"Edgar Dubourg, Valérian Chambon, Nicolas Baumard","doi":"10.1017/S0140525X24000542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X24000542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Murayama and Jach raise a key problem in behavioral sciences, to which we suggest evolutionary science can provide a solution. We emphasize the role of adaptive mechanisms in shaping behavior and argue for the integration of hierarchical theories of goal-directed cognition and behavioral flexibility, in order to unravel the motivations behind actions that, in themselves, seem disconnected from adaptive goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":8698,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences","volume":"48 ","pages":"e31"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mental computational processes have always been an integral part of motivation science.
IF 16.6 1区 心理学
Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24000414
Michael Richter, Guido H E Gendolla
{"title":"Mental computational processes have always been an integral part of motivation science.","authors":"Michael Richter, Guido H E Gendolla","doi":"10.1017/S0140525X24000414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X24000414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Some constructs in motivation science are certainly underdeveloped and some motivation researchers may work with underspecified constructs, as suggested by Murayama and Jach (M&J). However, this is not indicative of a general problem in motivation science. Many motivation theories focus on specific mechanisms underlying motivated behavior and thus have already adopted the computational process perspective that M&J call for.</p>","PeriodicalId":8698,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences","volume":"48 ","pages":"e41"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring novelty to unpack the black-box of motivation.
IF 16.6 1区 心理学
Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24000505
Nico Bunzeck, Sebastian Haesler
{"title":"Exploring novelty to unpack the black-box of motivation.","authors":"Nico Bunzeck, Sebastian Haesler","doi":"10.1017/S0140525X24000505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X24000505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Murayama and Jach point out that we do not sufficiently understand the constructs and mental computations underlying higher-order motivated behaviors. Although this may be generally true, we would like to add and contribute to the discussion by outlining how interdisciplinary research on <i>novelty-evoked exploration</i> has advanced the study of learning and curiosity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8698,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences","volume":"48 ","pages":"e27"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Definitional devils and detail: On identifying motivation as an animating dynamic.
IF 16.6 1区 心理学
Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X2400044X
Rex A Wright, Simona Sciara, Giuseppe Pantaleo
{"title":"Definitional devils and detail: On identifying motivation as an animating dynamic.","authors":"Rex A Wright, Simona Sciara, Giuseppe Pantaleo","doi":"10.1017/S0140525X2400044X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0140525X2400044X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Murayama and Jach critically evaluate the idea that motivation is a dynamic that determines behavior and propose alternatively that it might be an emergent property that people construe through perceived regularities in experience and action. The critique has value but fails to appreciate the progress that has been made in moving beyond the idea of which the authors are critical.</p>","PeriodicalId":8698,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences","volume":"48 ","pages":"e48"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Almost, but not quite there: Research into the emergence of higher-order motivated behavior should fully embrace the dynamic systems approach.
IF 16.6 1区 心理学
Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24000384
Christophe Gernigon, Rémi Altamore, Robin R Vallacher, Paul L C van Geert, Ruud J R Den Hartigh
{"title":"Almost, but not quite there: Research into the emergence of higher-order motivated behavior should fully embrace the dynamic systems approach.","authors":"Christophe Gernigon, Rémi Altamore, Robin R Vallacher, Paul L C van Geert, Ruud J R Den Hartigh","doi":"10.1017/S0140525X24000384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X24000384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Murayama and Jach rightfully aim to conceptualize motivation as an emergent property of a dynamic system of interacting elements. However, they do not embrace the ontological and paradigmatic constraints of the dynamic systems approach. They therefore miss the very process of emergence and how it can be formally modeled and tested by specific types of computer simulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8698,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences","volume":"48 ","pages":"e34"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The ins and outs of unpacking the black box: Understanding motivation using a multi-level approach.
IF 16.6 1区 心理学
Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24000566
F Wurm, I J M van der Ham, J Schomaker
{"title":"The ins and outs of unpacking the black box: Understanding motivation using a multi-level approach.","authors":"F Wurm, I J M van der Ham, J Schomaker","doi":"10.1017/S0140525X24000566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X24000566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although higher-level constructs often fail to explain the mechanisms underlying motivation, we argue that purely mechanistic approaches have limitations. Lower-level neural data help us identify \"biologically plausible\" mechanisms, while higher-level constructs are critical to formulate measurable behavioral outcomes when constructing computational models. Therefore, we propose that a multi-level, multi-measure approach is required to fully unpack the black box of motivated behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":8698,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences","volume":"48 ","pages":"e49"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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