Journal of memory and language最新文献

Self-Reported attention to changes and associations with episodic memory updating 自我报告对变化的关注以及与外显记忆更新的关联

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2024.104577

{"title":"Self-Reported attention to changes and associations with episodic memory updating","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Successfully navigating changing environments requires updating memories. The present experimental and individual differences study examined associations between attention while encoding changes and subsequent memory updating. Participants studied word pairs with responses that changed from first (A-B) to more recent (A-D) appearances. Participants were intermittently probed about their attentional state, with “on task” indicating attentive study, and then attempted to recall responses and if the responses changed. Within- and between-subject associations between task reports and recall were highly consistent. On-task reports for A-D pairs were positively associated with recent-response (D) recalls when participants were on task for A-B pairs. Additionally, on-task reports for A-B pairs were positively associated with first-response (B) recalls only when participants were on task for A-D pairs. Finally, first- (B) and recent-response (D) recalls were positively associated. These correlational findings are consistent with the causal proposal that attention to A-D pairs enables retrieval of A-B pairs during study, which presents opportunities for associative encoding that counteracts proactive interference.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Individual differences in the reactivity effect of judgments of learning: Cognitive factors 学习判断反应效应的个体差异：认知因素

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2024.104574

{"title":"Individual differences in the reactivity effect of judgments of learning: Cognitive factors","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An emerging body of studies has demonstrated that asking participants to make concurrent judgments of learning (JOLs) during learning can reactively change (typically enhance) their memory performance, a phenomenon known as the <em>reactivity effect</em>. The current study conducted the first exploration of individual differences in the JOL reactivity effect by employing a large-scale (<em>N</em> = 284 participants) approach. The reactivity effect was measured in a related word pair learning task, and each of four higher-order cognitive constructs, including working memory capacity (WMC), attentional control (AC), episodic memory (EM), and general fluid intelligence (gF), was assessed by multiple tasks. The results showed that making JOLs enhanced cued recall of related word pairs, reflecting an overall positive reactivity effect. WMC independently and positively predicted JOL reactivity and this prediction effect survived when controlling for the prediction effects of other cognitive constructs. After controlling for the effects of WMC, EM, and gF, AC negatively predicted JOL reactivity. Neither EM nor gF predicted reactivity. These findings lend support to the learning engagement and dual-task costs theories to jointly account for the JOL reactivity effect. Practical implications for guiding learning practices and for mitigating JOL reactivity in future metacognition research are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Visual context benefits spoken sentence comprehension across the lifespan 视觉语境有益于一生中的口语句子理解

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2024.104576

{"title":"Visual context benefits spoken sentence comprehension across the lifespan","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evidence for age-related declines in syntactic comprehension is mixed, often modulated by concomitant cognitive changes. Further, while older (vs. younger) adults may make greater use of semantic information for sentence comprehension, it is unclear whether this extends to visual information. We investigated whether visual-scene depictions benefit sentence comprehension in adults with varying cognitive-ability levels. 153 participants (18–70 years) listened to German relative clauses with canonical/noncanonical structure (“This is the man who follows the woman”/“…whom the woman follows”) presented in isolation or alongside visual-scene depictions, and answered agent-identification questions. Visual-scene depictions facilitated comprehension, especially when individuals with lower cognitive-ability levels encountered noncanonical structures. Individual differences in cognitive ability tended to modulate age-related changes in comprehension of utterances presented in isolation. These findings indicate beneficial effects of visual information for thematic-role comprehension – especially when task demands are high – and that cognitive-ability levels may modulate age-related changes in comprehension.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding with the body? Testing the role of verb relative embodiment across tasks at the interface of language and memory 用身体理解？测试动词相对体现在语言和记忆界面任务中的作用

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2024.104566

{"title":"Understanding with the body? Testing the role of verb relative embodiment across tasks at the interface of language and memory","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multiple representation accounts of conceptual knowledge argue that information associated with sensory-motor experience, in addition to pure linguistic information, contributes to word processing. A number of issues, however, remain under-investigated, including the extent to which these dimensions affect verb processing (rather than nouns), especially in languages other than English, and their role across different tasks along the language-memory <em>continuum</em>. Here, we collected ratings for a verb-specific dimension linked to bodily experience (<em>relative embodiment</em>, RE) for 647 Italian verbs and we tested its effects in three tasks differently modulating semantic activation and memory processes (i.e., lexical decision, grammatical decision, and memory recognition). Our results showed reliable influences of RE during lexical decision and memory recognition, but not in grammatical decision, possibly due to the Italian morphological richness. The cross-task analysis showed that RE effects were substantially higher in memory recognition compared to lexical decision, indicating that semantic and episodic processes interact at the interface of language and memory. Overall, results support the flexible and context-dependent role of sensory-motor and bodily-related experience during verb processing, pointing also to language-specific factors and implications for the organization of declarative memory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Setting the “tone” first and then integrating it into the syllable: An EEG investigation of the time course of lexical tone and syllable encoding in Mandarin word production 先设定 "音调"，然后将其整合到音节中：普通话造词中词调和音节编码时间过程的脑电图研究

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2024.104575

{"title":"Setting the “tone” first and then integrating it into the syllable: An EEG investigation of the time course of lexical tone and syllable encoding in Mandarin word production","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lexical tone is an important phonological property in tonal languages, but its encoding process in speech production remains unclear. We conducted two electroencephalographic (EEG) experiments to investigate the time course of tonal encoding relative to that of syllabic encoding in Mandarin Chinese disyllabic and monosyllabic word production respectively. We employed a phonologically primed picture naming task and orthogonally manipulated the tonal and syllabic overlap between the prime and the target word. In both experiments, the ERP data revealed that the main effect of tonal relatedness began to emerge alone in an early time window before that of syllabic relatedness, indicating an early independent retrieval process for lexical tone. Moreover, we observed a significant interaction between tonal and syllabic relatedness in later ERP time window(s) and onset latencies, indicating a later tone-to-syllable integration process. These results support the two-stage model of tonal encoding in Mandarin word production and offer implications for current speech production models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An embedded computational framework of memory: Accounting for the influence of semantic information in verbal short-term memory 嵌入式记忆计算框架：解释语义信息对言语短时记忆的影响

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2024.104573

{"title":"An embedded computational framework of memory: Accounting for the influence of semantic information in verbal short-term memory","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We introduce the Embedded Computational Framework of Memory (eCFM), a model that integrates structured semantic word representations with an instance-based memory model to account for the influence of semantic information in verbal short-term memory. The eCFM combines principles from the episodic MINERVA 2 model and the semantic Latent Semantic Analysis model. After reviewing how semantic information impacts verbal short-term memory performance, we demonstrate eCFM’s ability to reconcile various phenomena within a common computational framework. Our model captures key findings, such as the influence of semantic information in serial recall, its reduction in serial reconstruction, and the impact of task difficulty on semantic information. In five experiments, we tested predictions derived from the eCFM. Experiments 1 and 2 manipulated list organization, with Experiment 1 using alternating lists of related or unrelated words and Experiment 2 using blocked lists. Experiment 3 varied presentation rates, Experiment 4 revisited the detrimental effect of semantic information on order information, and Experiment 5 explored false recall. We found that semantic information interacts with list composition, presentation rate affects the magnitude of its influence, and semantic information impacts order information contrary to the dominant view. Additionally, increasing the number of related study words to a non-studied semantic lure boosts false recall. The eCFM captured these findings as well as memory at the item level. Our demonstration provides insight into the cognitive mechanisms underlying verbal short-term memory and the interplay of semantic and episodic memory processes in recall.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isolated and contextualized comprehension exposures have sustained effects on spoken word production: Evidence from bilingual repetition priming 孤立的和语境化的理解暴露对口语单词的产生具有持续的影响：来自双语重复引物的证据

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2024.104572

引用次数: 0

The cognitive load effect in working memory: Refreshing the empirical landscape, removing outdated explanations 工作记忆中的认知负荷效应：刷新经验图景，消除过时解释

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2024.104558

{"title":"The cognitive load effect in working memory: Refreshing the empirical landscape, removing outdated explanations","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maintaining information in working memory often competes with concurrent processing of other information. This is reflected in the cognitive load effect, referring to the observation that processing tasks with a higher cognitive load result in lower memory performance. The cognitive load effect has been shown on many occasions in complex span tasks, which combine maintenance of memory items with a processing demand interleaved in between the presentation of the memory items. Two models of working memory, the Time-Based Resource-Sharing (TBRS) model, and the Serial Order in a Box – Complex Span (SOB-CS) model, offer competing explanations for the cognitive load effect. Both lead to the prediction that a cognitive load effect should also be found in the Brown-Peterson task, in which the processing demand is inserted after the presentation of all of the memory items. Across three experiments, we show that (1) the cognitive load effect is consistently larger in the complex span task than in the Brown-Peterson task, and (2) the cognitive load effect is mostly absent in the Brown-Peterson task, with one exception. The current versions of the TBRS and SOB-CS models cannot account for these findings. We discuss what new assumptions are necessary for these models to explain our findings and consider alternative accounts explaining the current observations purely in terms of free time instead of cognitive load.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749596X24000615/pdfft?md5=4287a633ad536c32009940e6bbea34b4&pid=1-s2.0-S0749596X24000615-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142310929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comprehensive comparison of attentional templates maintained in working memory and long-term memory 全面比较工作记忆和长时记忆中保持的注意模板

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2024.104567

{"title":"A comprehensive comparison of attentional templates maintained in working memory and long-term memory","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Visual search could be guided by attentional templates maintained in either working memory (WM) or long-term memory (LTM). Previous studies comparing the attentional guidance of WM and LTM templates yielded mixed results, due to various experimental designs and measurements. The current study makes a comprehensive investigation to compare the attentional guidance of WM and LTM templates across various contexts (independent/competitive) and template loads, utilizing a unified and canonical measurement – search slope. Section one made the comparison in the independent context through a blocked design, where WM and LTM templates did not interfere with each other. The results consistently showed that WM and LTM templates exhibited comparable search efficiency and similar sensitivity to load manipulations (Experiments 1 and 2). Moreover, the comparable search efficiency was not due to the fact that LTM templates were retrieved into WM during search (Experiment 3). Section two employed the competitive context using a mixed design, introducing interference or competition between WM and LTM templates. The results revealed that LTM templates exhibited worse search efficiency and were more affected by increased template loads compared to WM templates (Experiment 4). It was further demonstrated that this discrepancy stemmed from an unequal prioritization between WM and LTM templates in the competitive context (Experiments 5 and 6). These results suggest that attentional templates in both WM and LTM share fundamental similarities in guiding search. However, their search efficiency may be impacted by their relative priorities in contexts involving interference or competition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142310928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maintenance of subcategorical information during speech perception: Revisiting misunderstood limitations 在语音感知过程中保持次分类信息：重新审视被误解的局限性

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2024.104565

{"title":"Maintenance of subcategorical information during speech perception: Revisiting misunderstood limitations","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accurate word recognition is facilitated by context. Some relevant context, however, occurs after the word. Rational use of such “right context” would require listeners to have maintained uncertainty or subcategorical information about the word, thus allowing for consideration of possible alternatives when they encounter relevant right context. A classic study continues to be widely cited as evidence that subcategorical information maintenance is limited to highly ambiguous percepts and short time spans (<span><span>Connine et al., 1991</span></span>). More recent studies, however, using other phonological contrasts, and sometimes other paradigms, have returned mixed results. We identify procedural and analytical issues that provide an explanation for existing results. We address these issues in two reanalyses of previously published results and two new experiments. In all four cases, we find consistent evidence against both limitations reported in Connine et al.’s seminal work, at least within the classic paradigms. Key to our approach is the introduction of an ideal observer framework to derive normative predictions for human word recognition expected if listeners maintain and integrate subcategorical information about preceding speech input rationally with subsequent context. We test these predictions in Bayesian mixed-effect analyses, including at the level of individual participants. While we find that the ideal observer fits participants’ behavior better than models based on previously proposed limitations, we also find one previously unrecognized aspect of listeners’ behavior that is unexpected under any existing model, including the ideal observer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142271748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0