Journal of memory and language最新文献

{"title":"Visual context benefits spoken sentence comprehension across the lifespan","authors":"Carlotta Isabella Zona ,&nbsp;Jana Reifegerste","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evidence for age-related declines in syntactic comprehension is mixed, often modulated by concomitant cognitive changes. Further, while older (vs. younger) adults may make greater use of semantic information for sentence comprehension, it is unclear whether this extends to visual information. We investigated whether visual-scene depictions benefit sentence comprehension in adults with varying cognitive-ability levels. 153 participants (18–70 years) listened to German relative clauses with canonical/noncanonical structure (“This is the man who follows the woman”/“…whom the woman follows”) presented in isolation or alongside visual-scene depictions, and answered agent-identification questions. Visual-scene depictions facilitated comprehension, especially when individuals with lower cognitive-ability levels encountered noncanonical structures. Individual differences in cognitive ability tended to modulate age-related changes in comprehension of utterances presented in isolation. These findings indicate beneficial effects of visual information for thematic-role comprehension – especially when task demands are high – and that cognitive-ability levels may modulate age-related changes in comprehension.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104576"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding with the body? Testing the role of verb relative embodiment across tasks at the interface of language and memory","authors":"Federico Frau ,&nbsp;Luca Bischetti ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Campidelli ,&nbsp;Elisabetta Tonini ,&nbsp;Emiko J. Muraki ,&nbsp;Penny M. Pexman ,&nbsp;Valentina Bambini","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multiple representation accounts of conceptual knowledge argue that information associated with sensory-motor experience, in addition to pure linguistic information, contributes to word processing. A number of issues, however, remain under-investigated, including the extent to which these dimensions affect verb processing (rather than nouns), especially in languages other than English, and their role across different tasks along the language-memory <em>continuum</em>. Here, we collected ratings for a verb-specific dimension linked to bodily experience (<em>relative embodiment</em>, RE) for 647 Italian verbs and we tested its effects in three tasks differently modulating semantic activation and memory processes (i.e., lexical decision, grammatical decision, and memory recognition). Our results showed reliable influences of RE during lexical decision and memory recognition, but not in grammatical decision, possibly due to the Italian morphological richness. The cross-task analysis showed that RE effects were substantially higher in memory recognition compared to lexical decision, indicating that semantic and episodic processes interact at the interface of language and memory. Overall, results support the flexible and context-dependent role of sensory-motor and bodily-related experience during verb processing, pointing also to language-specific factors and implications for the organization of declarative memory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104566"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Setting the “tone” first and then integrating it into the syllable: An EEG investigation of the time course of lexical tone and syllable encoding in Mandarin word production","authors":"Xiaocong Chen,&nbsp;Caicai Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lexical tone is an important phonological property in tonal languages, but its encoding process in speech production remains unclear. We conducted two electroencephalographic (EEG) experiments to investigate the time course of tonal encoding relative to that of syllabic encoding in Mandarin Chinese disyllabic and monosyllabic word production respectively. We employed a phonologically primed picture naming task and orthogonally manipulated the tonal and syllabic overlap between the prime and the target word. In both experiments, the ERP data revealed that the main effect of tonal relatedness began to emerge alone in an early time window before that of syllabic relatedness, indicating an early independent retrieval process for lexical tone. Moreover, we observed a significant interaction between tonal and syllabic relatedness in later ERP time window(s) and onset latencies, indicating a later tone-to-syllable integration process. These results support the two-stage model of tonal encoding in Mandarin word production and offer implications for current speech production models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An embedded computational framework of memory: Accounting for the influence of semantic information in verbal short-term memory","authors":"Dominic Guitard ,&nbsp;Jean Saint-Aubin ,&nbsp;J. Nick Reid ,&nbsp;Randall K. Jamieson","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We introduce the Embedded Computational Framework of Memory (eCFM), a model that integrates structured semantic word representations with an instance-based memory model to account for the influence of semantic information in verbal short-term memory. The eCFM combines principles from the episodic MINERVA 2 model and the semantic Latent Semantic Analysis model. After reviewing how semantic information impacts verbal short-term memory performance, we demonstrate eCFM’s ability to reconcile various phenomena within a common computational framework. Our model captures key findings, such as the influence of semantic information in serial recall, its reduction in serial reconstruction, and the impact of task difficulty on semantic information. In five experiments, we tested predictions derived from the eCFM. Experiments 1 and 2 manipulated list organization, with Experiment 1 using alternating lists of related or unrelated words and Experiment 2 using blocked lists. Experiment 3 varied presentation rates, Experiment 4 revisited the detrimental effect of semantic information on order information, and Experiment 5 explored false recall. We found that semantic information interacts with list composition, presentation rate affects the magnitude of its influence, and semantic information impacts order information contrary to the dominant view. Additionally, increasing the number of related study words to a non-studied semantic lure boosts false recall. The eCFM captured these findings as well as memory at the item level. Our demonstration provides insight into the cognitive mechanisms underlying verbal short-term memory and the interplay of semantic and episodic memory processes in recall.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated and contextualized comprehension exposures have sustained effects on spoken word production: Evidence from bilingual repetition priming","authors":"Wendy S. Francis,&nbsp;Erika L. Guedea Morales,&nbsp;Manuel R. Meléndez Luján,&nbsp;Andrea Tovar","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of comprehension exposures to words on their later production was investigated by measuring repetition priming in bilingual picture-naming RTs and accuracy in 4 experiments. Two types of encoding tasks were used to practice word comprehension in the language of later production: simple reading or listening and translating to another language. These encoding tasks speeded picture naming at retention intervals of several minutes and 24–48 h, with particularly strong effects when words to be read or translated were embedded in sentences. These results indicate that both isolated and contextualized comprehension exposures to words result in sustained learning that is evident in later production. The translation task elicited stronger repetition priming than silent reading or listening, which do not consistently result in conceptual access and provide less effective practice for later production. The findings support a theory in which repetition priming is based on the facilitation of shared component processes and reflects sustained learning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104572"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The cognitive load effect in working memory: Refreshing the empirical landscape, removing outdated explanations","authors":"Naomi Langerock ,&nbsp;Klaus Oberauer ,&nbsp;Elena Throm ,&nbsp;Evie Vergauwe","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maintaining information in working memory often competes with concurrent processing of other information. This is reflected in the cognitive load effect, referring to the observation that processing tasks with a higher cognitive load result in lower memory performance. The cognitive load effect has been shown on many occasions in complex span tasks, which combine maintenance of memory items with a processing demand interleaved in between the presentation of the memory items. Two models of working memory, the Time-Based Resource-Sharing (TBRS) model, and the Serial Order in a Box – Complex Span (SOB-CS) model, offer competing explanations for the cognitive load effect. Both lead to the prediction that a cognitive load effect should also be found in the Brown-Peterson task, in which the processing demand is inserted after the presentation of all of the memory items. Across three experiments, we show that (1) the cognitive load effect is consistently larger in the complex span task than in the Brown-Peterson task, and (2) the cognitive load effect is mostly absent in the Brown-Peterson task, with one exception. The current versions of the TBRS and SOB-CS models cannot account for these findings. We discuss what new assumptions are necessary for these models to explain our findings and consider alternative accounts explaining the current observations purely in terms of free time instead of cognitive load.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104558"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749596X24000615/pdfft?md5=4287a633ad536c32009940e6bbea34b4&pid=1-s2.0-S0749596X24000615-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142310929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive comparison of attentional templates maintained in working memory and long-term memory","authors":"Huixin Song ,&nbsp;Xinran Chen ,&nbsp;Beibei Cai ,&nbsp;Yingtao Fu ,&nbsp;Mowei Shen ,&nbsp;Hui Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Visual search could be guided by attentional templates maintained in either working memory (WM) or long-term memory (LTM). Previous studies comparing the attentional guidance of WM and LTM templates yielded mixed results, due to various experimental designs and measurements. The current study makes a comprehensive investigation to compare the attentional guidance of WM and LTM templates across various contexts (independent/competitive) and template loads, utilizing a unified and canonical measurement – search slope. Section one made the comparison in the independent context through a blocked design, where WM and LTM templates did not interfere with each other. The results consistently showed that WM and LTM templates exhibited comparable search efficiency and similar sensitivity to load manipulations (Experiments 1 and 2). Moreover, the comparable search efficiency was not due to the fact that LTM templates were retrieved into WM during search (Experiment 3). Section two employed the competitive context using a mixed design, introducing interference or competition between WM and LTM templates. The results revealed that LTM templates exhibited worse search efficiency and were more affected by increased template loads compared to WM templates (Experiment 4). It was further demonstrated that this discrepancy stemmed from an unequal prioritization between WM and LTM templates in the competitive context (Experiments 5 and 6). These results suggest that attentional templates in both WM and LTM share fundamental similarities in guiding search. However, their search efficiency may be impacted by their relative priorities in contexts involving interference or competition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142310928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maintenance of subcategorical information during speech perception: Revisiting misunderstood limitations","authors":"Klinton Bicknell ,&nbsp;Wednesday Bushong ,&nbsp;Michael K. Tanenhaus ,&nbsp;T. Florian Jaeger","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accurate word recognition is facilitated by context. Some relevant context, however, occurs after the word. Rational use of such “right context” would require listeners to have maintained uncertainty or subcategorical information about the word, thus allowing for consideration of possible alternatives when they encounter relevant right context. A classic study continues to be widely cited as evidence that subcategorical information maintenance is limited to highly ambiguous percepts and short time spans (<span><span>Connine et al., 1991</span></span>). More recent studies, however, using other phonological contrasts, and sometimes other paradigms, have returned mixed results. We identify procedural and analytical issues that provide an explanation for existing results. We address these issues in two reanalyses of previously published results and two new experiments. In all four cases, we find consistent evidence against both limitations reported in Connine et al.’s seminal work, at least within the classic paradigms. Key to our approach is the introduction of an ideal observer framework to derive normative predictions for human word recognition expected if listeners maintain and integrate subcategorical information about preceding speech input rationally with subsequent context. We test these predictions in Bayesian mixed-effect analyses, including at the level of individual participants. While we find that the ideal observer fits participants’ behavior better than models based on previously proposed limitations, we also find one previously unrecognized aspect of listeners’ behavior that is unexpected under any existing model, including the ideal observer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142271748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exogenous spatial attention selects associated novel bindings in working memory","authors":"Á. Fuentes-Guerra,&nbsp;F. Botta,&nbsp;J. Lupiáñez,&nbsp;P. Talavera,&nbsp;E. Martín-Arévalo ,&nbsp;C. González-García","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Real-world environments are complex, demanding a diverse set of cognitive functions such as attention and working memory (WM) to perform adaptive behaviors. However, exogenous attention, characterized as automatic and involuntary, has primarily been studied by focusing on spatial perception. In particular, the ability of pure exogenous <em>retro</em>-cues to select and prioritize not only spatial locations, but also novel stimulus–response (S-R) bindings held in WM remains largely unexplored. Here, in two experimental series, we provide evidence that pure exogenous non-predictive <em>retro</em>-cues can select not only space, but also associated S-R bindings held in WM. Additional evidence from a drift–diffusion model hinted at the possibility that the mechanisms through which exogenous attention selects and prioritizes WM contents depend, at least partially, on the hierarchical relevance of the different dimensions encoded within a specific representation. These results highlight the relationship between pure exogenous attention and complex WM contents and shed light on current theoretical debates about the interaction of attention, memory, and action.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104571"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749596X24000743/pdfft?md5=957f15c55edba88c781a17daf68528e6&pid=1-s2.0-S0749596X24000743-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrieval-induced semantic interference","authors":"Channing E. Hambric ,&nbsp;Pádraig G. O’Séaghdha","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The long-term negative effect of semantic retrieval on the subsequent accessibility of related material has been extensively studied in separate memory and language production literatures. Though ostensibly studying the same phenomenon, these literatures have remained separated by different framings and methodologies. We argue for integration of the two research streams in an adaptive learning perspective and present a bridging experiment as a proof of concept of this approach. The experiment implemented a multiphase <em>retrieval-induced forgetting</em> (RIF) design (with generation and memory assessment phases) in combination with the use of naming latency measures and the temporal analysis of interference featured in language production research. The generation phase, typically unanalyzed in the memory literature, examined generation time for category-stem completions as a function of ordinal positions of related items. There was strong cumulative interference in generation latencies in the first pass through the structured list, showing that memory is already affected in this phase. After a retention interval, accessibility of new items from previously activated categories, and unactivated controls, was assessed using continuous picture naming rather than aggregate memory measures. Crucially, there was a picture naming cost to previously activated (but not generated) category members relative to the control condition, a RIF effect. This cost was supervenient on new cumulative interference and was evident only in the beginning of the assessment phase, underlining the value of the positional analyses. The findings add important detailing to the processes underlying retrieval-induced costs in memory research while also showing that retrieval-induced semantic interference transfers from stem-completion to picture naming retrieval tasks. This format-independence is consistent with a conceptual basis of semantic interference but does not preclude a locus of adaptive learning in conceptual-lexical links. Overall, we show that the memory and language production fields indeed provide different but complementary perspectives on the same semantic interference phenomenon. Combining the fields promises to be productive.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104570"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}