Journal of memory and language最新文献_第10页

Language comprehenders are sensitive to multiple states of semantically similar objects 语言理解者对语义相似对象的多种状态很敏感

IF 4.3 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2023-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2023.104478

Oleksandr V. Horchak, Margarida V. Garrido

{"title":"Language comprehenders are sensitive to multiple states of semantically similar objects","authors":"Oleksandr V. Horchak, Margarida V. Garrido","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2023.104478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2023.104478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present research shows that language comprehenders are sensitive to multiple states of target and semantically related objects. In Experiments 1 to 2B, participants (total <em>N</em> = 273) read sentences that either implied a minimal change of an object’s state (e.g., “Jane <em>chose</em> a mango”) or a substantial change (e.g., “Jane <em>stepped</em> on a mango”) and then verified whether a subsequently pictured object was mentioned in the sentence. Crucially, the picture either showed the original/modified state of an object that was mentioned in the sentence (e.g., “mango” in Experiment 1) or not (e.g., “banana” in Experiments 2A and 2B). The results of Experiment 1 demonstrated that the objects in a modified state were verified faster when a sentence implied a substantial state-change rather than a minimal state-change. In contrast, the reverse was true for the objects in the original state. Importantly, verification latencies of pictures depicting original and modified states of an object in the substantial state-change condition were approximately similar, thus suggesting that language comprehenders maintain multiple representations of an object in different states. The results of Experiments 2A and 2B revealed that when participants had to indicate that a pictured object (e.g., banana) was not mentioned in the sentence, their verification latencies were slowed down when the sentence contained a semantically related item (e.g., mango) and described this item as being changed substantially by the action. However, these verification latencies varied continuously with the degree of change: the more dissimilar the states of a semantically related item, the less time participants needed to verify a pictured object. The results are discussed through the prism of theories emphasizing dynamic views of event cognition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104478"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749596X23000773/pdfft?md5=f159957dfd86618c4d6a6f0b6fa7bd43&pid=1-s2.0-S0749596X23000773-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138412312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moving experimental psychology online: How to obtain high quality data when we can’t see our participants 把实验心理学搬到网上:当我们看不到我们的参与者时，如何获得高质量的数据

IF 4.3 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2023.104472

Jennifer M. Rodd

{"title":"Moving experimental psychology online: How to obtain high quality data when we can’t see our participants","authors":"Jennifer M. Rodd","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2023.104472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2023.104472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The past 10 years have seen rapid growth of online (web-based) data collection across the behavioural sciences. Despite the many important contributions of such studies, some researchers have concerns about the reduction in experimental control when research moves outside of laboratory conditions. This paper provides an accessible overview of the issues that can adversely affect data quality in online experiments, with particular focus on cognitive studies of memory and language. I provide checklists for researchers setting up such experiments to help improve data quality. These recommendations focus on three key aspects of experimental design: the technology choices made by researchers and participants, participant recruitment methods, and the performance of participants during experiments. I argue that ensuring high data quality for online experiments requires significant effort prior to data collection to maintain the credibility of our rapidly expanding evidence base. With such safeguards in place, online experiments will continue to provide important, paradigm-changing opportunities across the behavioural sciences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 104472"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749596X23000712/pdfft?md5=d6e85cf3736e86817a12d398321cfa8f&pid=1-s2.0-S0749596X23000712-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138412466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lexical choice and word formation in a taboo game paradigm 禁忌游戏范式中的词汇选择与构词

IF 4.3 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2023.104477

Vasilisa Pugacheva , Fritz Günther

{"title":"Lexical choice and word formation in a taboo game paradigm","authors":"Vasilisa Pugacheva , Fritz Günther","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2023.104477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2023.104477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate the onomasiological question of which words speakers actually use and produce when trying to convey an intended meaning. This is not limited to selecting the best-fitting available existing word, but also includes word formation, the coinage of novel words. In the first two experiments, we introduce the taboo game paradigm in which participants were instructed to produce a single-word substitution for different words so that others can later identify them. Using distributional semantic models with the capability to produce quantitative representations for existing and novel word responses, we find that (a) responses tend to be semantically close to the targets and (b) existing words were represented closer than novel words, but (c) even novel compounds were often closer than the targets’ free associates. In a final third experiment, we find that other participants are more likely to guess the correct original word (a) for responses closer to the original targets, and (b) for novel compound responses as compared to existing word responses. This shows that the production of both existing and novel words can be accurately captured in a unified computational framework of the semantic mechanisms driving word choice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104477"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138390009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interaction between the testing and forward testing effects in the case of Cued-Recall: Implications for Theory, individual difference Studies, and application 提示回忆中测试和正向测试效应的相互作用:理论、个体差异研究和应用的启示

IF 4.3 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2023.104476

Mohan W. Gupta , Steven C. Pan , Timothy C. Rickard

{"title":"Interaction between the testing and forward testing effects in the case of Cued-Recall: Implications for Theory, individual difference Studies, and application","authors":"Mohan W. Gupta , Steven C. Pan , Timothy C. Rickard","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2023.104476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2023.104476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recall from episodic memory has been shown to enhance both memory for the retrieved information (e.g., relative to a restudy control condition; the <em>testing effect, or</em> TE) and memory for different, subsequently studied materials (the <em>forward testing effect, or</em> FTE). Hence, the TE may be subject to an FTE confound when training in a TE experiment involves either testing prior to restudy or when restudied and tested items are randomly mixed. Across two cued-recall TE experiments, we show that (1) a potent FTE confound exists in the test-first but not the mixed training design, (2) there are no other evident learning related interactions between restudied and tested items across three frequently used training phase task orderings, and (3) the predictions of the dual-memory model of test-enhanced learning – which posits that a test trial creates a memory that is separate from the initially encoded study memory, yielding two routes to retrieval for tested items – are held both when there is and is not a confounding FTE. Further, our results yielded no evidence for two accounts of the FTE (the proactive interference and reset of encoding hypotheses) as applied to cued recall but are consistent with two alternative accounts (the strategy change and increasing effort hypotheses). Through distribution analyses we identify a novel and potent FTE individual differences effect that can be accommodated by the latter accounts. Finally, we show that at least three large-<em>n</em> studies exploring individual differences in the TE are confounded by the FTE, compromising conclusions in those papers about the efficacy of the TE across individuals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 104476"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749596X2300075X/pdfft?md5=fb987b63056b3e615d24c1ad82319ffa&pid=1-s2.0-S0749596X2300075X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134656284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Romanian (subject-like) DPs attract more than bare nouns: Evidence from speeded continuations 罗马尼亚(类主题)dp吸引的不仅仅是单纯的名词:来自快速延续的证据

IF 4.3 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2023.104445

Adina Camelia Bleotu , Brian Dillon

{"title":"Romanian (subject-like) DPs attract more than bare nouns: Evidence from speeded continuations","authors":"Adina Camelia Bleotu , Brian Dillon","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2023.104445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2023.104445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates whether agreement attraction is modulated by distributional properties determining subject-likelihood by examining the degree to which bare nouns and full determiner phrases (DPs) cause agreement attraction effects in Romanian. Romanian represents an ideal testing ground for this, given two distributional constraints making bare nouns less subject-like: <em>Locative Determiner Omission</em>, preventing locative prepositions from taking nouns with definite articles (unless modified by adjectives), and the <em>Naked Noun Constraint</em><span>, disallowing bare nouns as preverbal subjects. We predicted that bare nouns should be less likely to trigger agreement attraction than overt DPs. We conducted four speeded forced-choice sentence continuation tasks on Romanian native speakers to test this prediction. We observe that overt DPs cause significantly more attraction than bare nouns. We suggest that the results are consistent with a cue-based retrieval mechanism for forming agreement dependencies, where cues that determine subjecthood are used to reactivate elements in working memory upon processing a verb. These cues can be language specific, and in Romanian, this means that agreement attraction is sensitive to the morphophonological overtness of the determiner.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 104445"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"109146069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reading compound words in Finnish and Chinese: An eye-tracking study 芬兰语和汉语复合词阅读:一项眼球追踪研究

IF 4.3 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2023-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2023.104474

Jukka Hyönä , Lei Cui , Timo T. Heikkilä , Birgitta Paranko , Yun Gao , Xingzhi Su

{"title":"Reading compound words in Finnish and Chinese: An eye-tracking study","authors":"Jukka Hyönä , Lei Cui , Timo T. Heikkilä , Birgitta Paranko , Yun Gao , Xingzhi Su","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2023.104474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2023.104474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two eye-tracking experiments in alphabetic Finnish and two in logographic Chinese examined the recognition of two-constituent compound words in reading. In Finnish, two-constituent compound words vary greatly in length, whereas in Chinese they are identical in length. According to the visual acuity principle (<span>Bertram & Hyönä, 2003</span>), short Finnish compound words and all two-character Chinese compound words that fit in foveal vision are recognized holistically, whereas long Finnish compound words are recognized via components. Experiment 1 in Finnish provided evidence consistent with the account, whereas the results for long compound words presented in condensed font in Experiment 2 were inconsistent with it. In Chinese, the first-character frequency effect was non-significant even when the compound words were presented in large font. The Finnish results suggest that componential processing is necessary when the compound word entails more than 10 letters. The Chinese results are compatible with the Chinese Reading Model (<span>Li & Pollatsek, 2020</span>) that assumes whole-word representations to overrule the activation of components during compound word recognition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 104474"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749596X23000736/pdfft?md5=1bc809d1f89499693927f3f209f4e66c&pid=1-s2.0-S0749596X23000736-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92045821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of delayed testing on decisions to stop learning 延迟测试对决定停止学习的影响

IF 4.3 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2023-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2023.104473

Aleksandra Krogulska, Sarah Allen , Rachel Bailey, Yimei Liu, Simran Saraf, Elizabeth A. Maylor

引用次数: 0

Atkinson and Shiffrin’s (1968) influential model overshadowed their contemporary theory of human memory 阿特金森和希夫林（1968 年）的模型影响深远，使他们的当代人类记忆理论黯然失色

IF 4.3 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2023.104471

John T. Wixted

{"title":"Atkinson and Shiffrin’s (1968) influential model overshadowed their contemporary theory of human memory","authors":"John T. Wixted","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2023.104471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2023.104471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although every student of memory knows about the Atkinson-Shiffrin (1968) model, few know that it was advanced as a general-purpose modeling framework, not as the specific theoretical instantiation that appears in textbooks today. Largely missing from the historical record is the broader theoretical perspective proposed by <span>Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)</span>, one that is surprisingly consistent with contemporary views of human memory. For example, they described “working memory” (using those words) as consisting of a verbal short-term store and a visual short-term store. In addition, using logic that still makes sense today, they justified the distinction between short-term store and long-term store based on the memory profile of the amnesic patient HM, whose verbal short-term store was largely intact despite his inability to form long-term memories. Finally, they explained that some “coding processes” are more effective than others in transferring information from short-term store to long-term store, a perspective that is consistent with the subsequently proposed notion of “depth of processing.” Given its preeminent status in the history of human memory research and its enduring influence on the field today, <span>Atkinson and Shiffrin’s 1968</span> chapter is reproduced here so that students of memory, including textbook writers, can better appreciate the surprisingly modern ideas they actually proposed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 104471"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749596X23000700/pdfft?md5=ab215861066c05bf922d01670e2cdd26&pid=1-s2.0-S0749596X23000700-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using known words to learn more words: A distributional model of child vocabulary acquisition 用已知的单词学习更多的单词:儿童词汇习得的分布模型

IF 4.3 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2023.104446

Andrew Z. Flores, Jessica L. Montag, Jon A. Willits

{"title":"Using known words to learn more words: A distributional model of child vocabulary acquisition","authors":"Andrew Z. Flores, Jessica L. Montag, Jon A. Willits","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2023.104446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2023.104446","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Why do children learn some words before others? A large body of behavioral research has identified properties of the language environment that facilitate word learning, emphasizing the importance of particularly informative language contexts that build on children’s prior knowledge. However, these findings have not informed research that uses distributional properties of words to predict vocabulary composition. In the current work, we introduce a predictor of word learning that emphasizes the role of prior knowledge. We investigate item-based variability in vocabulary development using lexical properties of distributional statistics derived from a large corpus of child-directed speech. Unlike previous analyses, we predicted word trajectories cross-sectionally across child age, shedding light on trends in vocabulary development that may not have been evident at a single time point. We also show that regardless of a word’s grammatical class, the best distributional predictor of whether a child knows a word is the number of other known words with which that word tends to co-occur.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"132 ","pages":"Article 104446"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49856948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Parallels between self-monitoring for speech errors and identification of the misspoken segments” [J. Mem. Lang. 69(3) (2013) 417-428] “语音错误的自我监控与错误语段识别的比较”[J]。Mem。Lang. 69(3) (2013) 417-428]

IF 4.3 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2023.104448

S.G. Nooteboom, H. Quené

引用次数: 0