Neurobiology of Learning and Memory最新文献

Memory formation following appetitive conditioning is variably dependent on retinoid signaling

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108048

Raymond K. Wong , Gaynor E. Spencer

{"title":"Memory formation following appetitive conditioning is variably dependent on retinoid signaling","authors":"Raymond K. Wong , Gaynor E. Spencer","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Retinoic acid (RA), the metabolite of Vitamin A, plays an important role in central nervous system development and regeneration, as well as learning and memory in vertebrates. We have previously shown that RA signaling is also important for consolidation of long-term memory (LTM) in the invertebrate mollusc, <em>Lymnaea stagnalis</em>, following operant conditioning of the aerial respiratory behaviour. Here, we examine whether retinoids also play a role in classical reward conditioning in this mollusc. A single-trial appetitive conditioning paradigm was used, with amyl acetate as the conditioned stimulus (CS) and sucrose as the unconditioned stimulus (US). This produced an acquired conditioned response whereby the animal exhibited a feeding response to amyl acetate. A single-pairing of CS with US produced long-term memory at both 1d and 6d after training. Pharmacological treatments that disrupt RA signaling did not block the formation of long term memory when a 6-day food deprivation period was implemented before training. However, two different paradigms induced susceptibility of the conditioned response (memory) to retinoid signaling inhibitors. The first paradigm change involved using a shorter, 3-day food deprivation period in order to reduce motivational drive to feed, whereas the second paradigm manipulation reduced the strength of the unconditioned stimulus (sucrose). These findings suggest different susceptibility of memories to retinoid inhibition, depending on shifts in both external parameters of the experiment, as well as internal motivational states of the animal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 108048"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glutamate receptor expression in the PL-BLA circuit is associated with susceptibility to showing the PTSD-like phenotype

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108051

Charlotte S. Rye , Amy L. Milton

{"title":"Glutamate receptor expression in the PL-BLA circuit is associated with susceptibility to showing the PTSD-like phenotype","authors":"Charlotte S. Rye , Amy L. Milton","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While many individuals experience traumatic events during their lifetimes, only some go on to develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This susceptibility and resilience to developing PTSD can be modelled in rodents using the stress-enhanced fear learning (SEFL) procedure, in which rats are exposed to a session of massed, unpredictable footshocks and subsequently assessed on tasks of adaptive fear learning. It has previously been observed that subpopulations of rats are susceptible and resilient to showing the PTSD-like phenotype following SEFL, and that these rats show differences in glutamate receptor expression in the basolateral amygdala. However, it is currently unknown whether structural differences are observed in other brain regions implicated in stress responding and memory. Using the refined SEFL procedure, this study aimed to determine whether expression of GluN2B, GluA1 and GluA2 receptor subunits in the prelimbic and infralimbic cortices, and dorsal hippocampus could be correlated to the SEFL-phenotype or shock experience in male rats. Here we show that following SEFL, differences can be observed in receptor subunit expression in the infralimbic cortex and dorsal hippocampus as a function of shock experience, whilst differences in the prelimbic cortex are associated with susceptibility. Importantly, these structural changes can be observed in male rats that are group-housed and exposed to 13-shocks rather than 15-shocks, indicating that the refined SEFL procedure offers a robust animal analogue of the non-associative fear sensitisation that occurs in PTSD. Future studies using this procedure could pave the way to the eventual development of pharmacological treatments to alleviate or prevent stress-induced psychopathology in susceptible individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 108051"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cortisol modulates hippocampus activation during semantic substitution in men

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108049

Nicole Klein, Carina Zöllner, Tobias Otto, Oliver Tobias Wolf, Christian Josef Merz

{"title":"Cortisol modulates hippocampus activation during semantic substitution in men","authors":"Nicole Klein, Carina Zöllner, Tobias Otto, Oliver Tobias Wolf, Christian Josef Merz","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the case of incomplete episodic memory retrieval, semantic knowledge may play a vital role compared to random memory errors in filling in memory gaps (semantic substitution). Stress impairs (episodic) memory retrieval via stress hormones (mainly cortisol) targeting the hippocampus. This preregistered neuroimaging study aimed to examine the neural mechanisms of the interplay between episodic memories and prior knowledge during the reconstruction of a past scenario under elevated cortisol levels in men. During encoding, sixty men prepared a virtual apartment for having guests over by using button presses to interact with household objects (e.g., toasting a slice of bread) that were placed congruently to semantic knowledge (e.g., a coffee machine in the kitchen) or incongruently (e.g., a toaster in the bathroom). One day later, participants received (order randomized, double-blind) either 20 mg of cortisol (n = 30) or a placebo (n = 30) before a recognition task. After identifying objects as old, we included a room recall using a forced-choice question in which room the objects were remembered. For incongruent objects this allowed us to differentiate the involvement of episodic, semantic, or random memory. Cortisol did not impair general recognition memory. The manipulation of stimuli during encoding, as being congruent and interactable (relevant to the goal) appears to be predictive of later accurate room recall. Semantic substitution in case of episodic memory failure was associated with anterior parahippocampal and gyrus rectus activation. Cortisol administration increased hippocampal activation during semantic substitution, suggesting a compensatory effect. The results characterized the neural correlates of semantic substitution and speak for an intertwined view of episodic memory and semantic knowledge, which is further shaped by the stress hormone cortisol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 108049"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cutting-edge RNA technologies to advance the understanding of learning and memory

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108050

Joshua William Ashley Davies , Timothy William Bredy , Paul Robert Marshall

引用次数: 0

Engram and behavior: How memory is stored in the brain

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108047

Kisang Eom , Donguk Kim , Jung Ho Hyun

引用次数: 0

The impact of systemic blockade of dopamine receptors on the acquisition of two-way active avoidance in male rats 全身阻断多巴胺受体对雄性大鼠获得双向主动回避的影响

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108039

L. Vercammen , A. Lopez-Moraga , T. Beckers , B. Vervliet , L. Luyten

{"title":"The impact of systemic blockade of dopamine receptors on the acquisition of two-way active avoidance in male rats","authors":"L. Vercammen , A. Lopez-Moraga , T. Beckers , B. Vervliet , L. Luyten","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Active threat avoidance is a core aspect of adaptive and maladaptive behavior, yet its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Prior studies concluded that pharmacologically blocking dopaminergic receptors (DRs) disrupted avoidance acquisition, but it remains unclear whether such effects on learning persist during a drug-free follow-up test. To assess the involvement of D1R and D2R in avoidance acquisition, we conducted two experiments. In Experiment 1, thirty-six male Wistar rats underwent a single avoidance training session involving 30 tone-shock pairings. Rats could avoid the shock by moving to the opposite compartment of the shuttle box. Twenty minutes before training, rats received either D1R antagonist SCH23390 (0.05 mg/kg), D2R antagonist sulpiride (20 mg/kg), or vehicle. While sulpiride did not affect avoidance, 0.05 mg/kg SCH23390 significantly reduced the number of avoidance responses. In a separate test, 0.05 mg/kg SCH23390 also reduced locomotor activity. In Experiment 2 (N = 24), a lower dose of SCH23390 (0.025 mg/kg) was administered, and a drug-free avoidance test under continued reinforcement was added 24 h later to test for sustained effects of D1R blockade on avoidance in the absence of acute drug effects. Although animals avoided less with SCH23390 in the system, this effect did not persist 24 h later, suggesting that effects of D1R blockade during avoidance training might reflect an acute disruption of secondary processes involved in the performance of avoidance behavior rather than an actual impairment of avoidance learning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 108039"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developmental changes in brain-wide fear memory networks

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108037

Benita Jin , Michael W. Gongwer , Laura A. DeNardo

{"title":"Developmental changes in brain-wide fear memory networks","authors":"Benita Jin , Michael W. Gongwer , Laura A. DeNardo","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Memory retrieval involves coordinated activity across multiple brain regions. Yet how the organization of memory networks evolves throughout development remains poorly understood. In this study, we compared whole-brain functional networks that are active during contextual fear memory recall in infant, juvenile, and adult mice. Our analyses revealed that long-term memory networks change significantly across postnatal development. Infant fear memory networks are dense and heterogeneous, whereas adult networks are sparse and have a small-world topology. While hippocampal subregions were highly connected nodes at all ages, the cortex gained many functional connections across development. Different functional connections matured at different rates, but their developmental timing fell into three major categories: stepwise change between two ages, linear change across all ages, or inverted-U, with elevated functional connectivity in juveniles. Our work highlights how a subset of brain regions likely maintain important roles in fear memory encoding, but the functional connectivity of fear memory networks undergoes significant reorganization across development. Together, these results provide a blueprint for studying how correlated cellular activity in key areas distinctly regulates memory storage and retrieval across development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 108037"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The infralimbic, but not the prelimbic cortex is needed for a complex olfactory memory task

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108038

Dahae J. Jun, Rebecca Shannon, Katherine Tschida, David M. Smith

{"title":"The infralimbic, but not the prelimbic cortex is needed for a complex olfactory memory task","authors":"Dahae J. Jun, Rebecca Shannon, Katherine Tschida, David M. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays a key role in memory and behavioral flexibility, and a growing body of evidence suggests that the prelimbic (PL) and infralimbic (IL) subregions contribute differently to these processes. Studies of fear conditioning and goal-directed learning suggest that the PL promotes behavioral responses and memory retrieval, while the IL inhibits them. Other studies have shown that the mPFC is engaged under conditions of high interference. This raises the possibility that the PL and IL play differing roles in resolving interference. To examine this, we first used chemogenetics (DREADDs) to suppress mPFC neuronal activity and tested subjects on a conditional discrimination task known to be sensitive to muscimol inactivation. After confirming the effectiveness of the DREADD procedures, we conducted a second experiment to examine the PL and IL roles in a high interference memory task. We trained rats on two consecutive sets of conflicting odor discrimination problems, A and B, followed by test sessions involving a mid-session switch between the problem sets. Controls repeatedly performed worse on Set A, suggesting that learning Set B inhibited the rats’ ability to retrieve Set A memories (i.e. retroactive interference). PL inactivation rats performed similarly to controls. However, IL inactivation rats did not show this effect, suggesting that the IL plays a critical role in suppressing the retrieval of previously acquired memories that may interfere with retrieval of more recent memories. These results suggest that the IL plays a critical role in memory control processes needed for resolving interference.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 108038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Engrams across diseases: Different pathologies – unifying mechanisms?

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108036

Greta Leonore Balmer , Shuvrangshu Guha , Stefanie Poll

{"title":"Engrams across diseases: Different pathologies – unifying mechanisms?","authors":"Greta Leonore Balmer , Shuvrangshu Guha , Stefanie Poll","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Memories are our reservoir of knowledge and thus, are crucial for guiding decisions and defining our self. The physical correlate of a memory in the brain is termed an engram and since decades helps researchers to elucidate the intricate nature of our imprinted experiences and knowledge. Given the importance that memories have for our lives, their impairment can present a tremendous burden. In this review we aim to discuss engram malfunctioning across diseases, covering dementia-associated pathologies, epilepsy, chronic pain and psychiatric disorders. Current neuroscientific tools allow to witness the emergence and fate of engram cells and enable their manipulation. We further suggest that specific mechanisms of mnemonic malfunction can be derived from engram cell readouts. While depicting the way diseases act on the mnemonic component – specifically, on the cellular engram – we emphasize a differentiation between forms of amnesia and hypermnesia. Finally, we highlight commonalities and distinctions of engram impairments on the cellular level across diseases independent of their pathogenic origins and discuss prospective therapeutic measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 108036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Automated detection of c-Fos-expressing neurons using inhomogeneous background subtraction in fluorescent images

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108035

Hisayuki Osanai , Mary Arai , Takashi Kitamura , Sachie K. Ogawa

引用次数: 0