Neurobiology of Learning and Memory最新文献

{"title":"The role of the m6A/m demethylase FTO in memory is both task and sex-dependent in mice","authors":"Amanda M. Leonetti ,&nbsp;Isabella R. Galluzzo ,&nbsp;Timothy A.D. McLean ,&nbsp;Gilda Stefanelli ,&nbsp;Fiona Ramnaraign ,&nbsp;Samuel Holm ,&nbsp;Stephen M. Winston ,&nbsp;Isaiah L. Reeves ,&nbsp;Mark A. Brimble ,&nbsp;Brandon J. Walters","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2024.107903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2024.107903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Formation of long-term memories requires learning-induced changes in both transcription and translation. Epitranscriptomic modifications of RNA recently emerged as critical regulators of RNA dynamics, whereby adenosine methylation (m6A) regulates translation, mRNA stability, mRNA localization, and memory formation. Prior work demonstrated a pro-memory phenotype of m6A, as loss of m6A impairs and loss of the m6A/m demethylase FTO improves memory formation. Critically, these experiments focused exclusively on aversive memory tasks and were only performed in male mice. Here we show that the task type and sex of the animal alter effects of m6A on memory, whereby FTO-depletion impaired object location memory in male mice, in contrast to the previously reported beneficial effects of FTO depletion on aversive memory. Additionally, we show that female mice have no change in performance after FTO depletion, demonstrating that sex of the mouse is a critical variable for understanding how m6A contributes to memory formation. Our study provides the first evidence for FTO regulation of non-aversive spatial memory and sexspecific effects of m6A, suggesting that identification of differentially methylated targets in each sex and task will be critical for understanding how epitranscriptomic modifications regulate memory.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 107903"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139954204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term calorie restriction prevented memory impairment in middle-aged male mice and increased a marker of DNA oxidative stress in hippocampal dentate gyrus","authors":"Izabelle Dias Benfato ,&nbsp;Ana Carolina Silvares Quintanilha ,&nbsp;Jessica Salles Henrique ,&nbsp;Melyssa Alves Souza ,&nbsp;Barbara dos Anjos Rosário ,&nbsp;Jose Ivo Araújo Beserra-Filho ,&nbsp;Alessandra Mussi Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Luciana Le Sueur Maluf ,&nbsp;Camila Aparecida Machado de Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2024.107902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2024.107902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Calorie restriction (CR) is a non-invasive and economic approach<!--> <!-->known to increase healthspan and life expectancy, through a decrease in oxidative stress, an increase in neurotrophins, among other benefits. However, it is not clear whether its benefit could be noted earlier, as at the beginning of middle-age. Hence, we<!--> <!-->aimed to determine whether six months of long-term CR, from early adulthood to the beginning of middle age (10 months of age) could positively affect cognitive, neurochemical, and behavioral parameters. Male C57BL6/J mice were randomly distributed into Young Control (YC, <em>ad libitum</em> food), Old Control (OC, <em>ad libitum</em> food), and Old Restricted (OR, 30 % of caloric restriction) groups. To analyze the cognitive and behavioral aspects, the novel object recognition task (NOR), open field, and elevated plus maze tests were performed. In addition, immunohistochemistry targeting<!--> <!-->ΔFosB (neuronal activity), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the DNA oxidative damage (8OHdG) in hippocampal subfields CA1, CA2, CA3, and dentate gyrus (DG), and in basolateral amygdala and striatum were performed. Our results showed that long-term CR prevented short-term memory impairment related to aging and increased 8OHdG in hippocampal DG. BDNF was not involved in the effects of either age or CR on memory at middle-age, as it increased in CA3 of the OC group but was not altered in OR. Regarding anxiety-type behavior, no parameter showed differences between the groups. In conclusion, while the effects of long-term CR on anxiety-type behavior were inconclusive, it mitigated the memory deficit related to aging, which was accompanied by an increase in hippocampal 8OHdG in DG. Future studies should investigate whether the benefits of CR would remain if the restriction were interrupted after this long-term protocol.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107902"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139712683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Reminder-dependent alterations in long-term declarative memory expression” [Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 206 (2023) 107858]","authors":"Kai Rong Tay,&nbsp;Francesca Bolt,&nbsp;Hei Ting Wong ,&nbsp;Svetlina Vasileva ,&nbsp;Jonathan Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2023.107889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2023.107889","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 107889"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1074742723001703/pdfft?md5=861cb853c82e4ce860de303766a3280b&pid=1-s2.0-S1074742723001703-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139111109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BDNF-dependent signaling in the olfactory bulb modulates social recognition memory in mice","authors":"Caio M. de Castro ,&nbsp;Ana F. Almeida-Santos ,&nbsp;Lara M.Z. Mansk ,&nbsp;Laura F. Jaimes ,&nbsp;Martín Cammarota ,&nbsp;Grace S. Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2024.107891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2024.107891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>An operative olfactory bulb<span><span> (OB) is critical to social recognition memory (SRM) in rodents, which involves identifying conspecifics. Furthermore, OB also allocates synaptic plasticity events related to </span>olfactory memories<span> in their intricate neural circuit. Here, we asked whether the OB is a target for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a well-known mediator of plasticity and memory. Adult ICR-CD1 male mice had their SRM evaluated under the inhibition of BDNF-dependent signaling directly in the OB. We also quantified the expression of BDNF in the OB, after SRM acquisition. Our results presented an amnesic effect of anti-BDNF administered 12 h post-training. Although the </span></span></span>western blot showed no statistical difference in pro-BDNF and BDNF expression, the analysis of fluorescence intensity in slices suggests SRM acquisition decreases BDNF in the granular cell layer of the OB. Next, to test the ability of BDNF to rescue SRM deficit, we administered the </span><span><em>human </em><em>recombinant BDNF</em></span> (rBDNF) directly in the OB of socially isolated (SI) mice. Unexpectedly, rBDNF did not rescue SRM in SI mice. Furthermore, BDNF and pro-BDNF expression in the OB was unchanged by SI. Our study reinforces the OB as a plasticity <em>locus</em> in memory-related events. It also adds SRM as another type of memory sensitive to BDNF-dependent signaling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 107891"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139491368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic regulation of corticostriatal glutamatergic synaptic expression during reversal learning in male mice","authors":"Jayapriya Chandrasekaran ,&nbsp;Kevin K. Caldwell ,&nbsp;Jonathan L. Brigman","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2024.107892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2024.107892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Behavioral flexibility, one of the core executive functions of the brain, has been shown to be an essential skill for survival across species. Corticostriatal circuits play a critical role in mediating behavioral flexibility. The molecular mechanisms underlying these processes are still unclear. Here, we measured how synaptic glutamatergic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) and <em>N-methyl-D-aspartic acid</em> receptor (NMDAR) expression dynamically changed during specific stages of learning and reversal. Following training to well-established stages of discrimination and reversal learning on a touchscreen visual task, lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), dorsal striatum (dS) as well as medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), basolateral amygdala (BLA) and piriform cortex (Pir) were micro dissected from male mouse brain and the expression of glutamatergic receptor subunits in the synaptic fraction were measured via immunoblotting. We found that the GluN2B subunit of NMDAR in the OFC remained stable during initial discrimination learning but significantly increased in the synaptic fraction during mid-reversal stages, the period during which the OFC has been shown to play a critical role in updating outcome expectancies. In contrast, both GluA1 and GluA2 subunits of the AMPAR significantly increased in the dS synaptic fraction as new associations were learned late in reversal. Expression of NMDAR and AMPAR subunits did not significantly differ across learning stages in any other brain region. Together, these findings further support the involvement of OFC-dS circuits in moderating well-learned associations and flexible behavior and suggest that dynamic synaptic expression of NMDAR and AMPAR in these circuits may play a role in mediating efficient learning during discrimination and the ability to update previously learned associations as environmental contingencies change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 107892"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139501598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CCR5 regulates Aβ1-42-induced learning and memory deficits in mice","authors":"Hou-Yuan Huang ,&nbsp;Shelbi Salinas ,&nbsp;Jessica Cornell ,&nbsp;Iquo-Bella Udoh ,&nbsp;Yang Shen ,&nbsp;Miou Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2024.107890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2024.107890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>C–C chemokine receptor<span><span> 5 (CCR5) is a chemokine receptor involved in immune responses and a co-receptor for HIV infection. Recently, CCR5 has also been reported to play a role in synaptic plasticity, </span>learning and memory, and </span></span>cognitive deficits<span> associated with normal aging, traumatic brain injury<span> (TBI), and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). In contrast, the role of CCR5 in cognitive deficits associated with other disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is much less understood. Studies have reported an increase in expression of CCR5 or its ligands in both AD patients and AD rodent models, suggesting a correlation between AD and CCR5 expression. However, whether blocking CCR5 in specific brain regions, such as the hippocampus, could improve memory deficits in AD mouse models is unknown. To study the potential causal role of CCR5 in cognitive deficits in AD, we injected soluble Aβ</span></span></span>_1-42 or a control (Aβ_42-1<span>) oligomers in the dorsal CA1 region of the hippocampus and found that Aβ</span>_1-42 injection resulted in severe memory impairment in the object place recognition (OPR) and novel object recognition (NOR) tests. Aβ_1-42 injection caused an increase in <em>Ccr5</em>, <em>Ccl3</em>, and <em>Ccl4</em> in the dorsal hippocampus, and the expression levels of CCR5 and its ligands remained elevated at 2 weeks after Aβ_1-42 injection. Knocking down <em>Ccr5</em><span> in the CA1 region of dorsal hippocampus reversed the increase in microglia number and size in dorsal CA1 and rescued memory deficits. These results indicate that CCR5 plays an important role in modulating Aβ</span>_1-42-induced learning and memory deficits, and suggest that CCR5 antagonists may serve as a potential treatment to improve cognitive deficits associated with AD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 107890"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139432706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conditioned inhibition of fear and reward in male and female rats","authors":"Jamie N. Krueger ,&nbsp;Nupur N. Patel ,&nbsp;Kevin Shim ,&nbsp;Ka Ng ,&nbsp;Susan Sangha","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2023.107881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2023.107881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stimuli in our environment are not always associated with an outcome. Some of these stimuli, depending on how they are presented, may gain inhibitory value or simply be ignored. If experienced in the presence of other cues predictive of appetitive or aversive outcomes, they typically gain inhibitory value and become predictive cues indicating the absence of appetitive or aversive outcomes. In this case, these cues are referred to as conditioned inhibitors. Here, male and female Long Evans rats underwent cue discrimination training where a reward cue was paired with sucrose, a fear cue with footshock, and an inhibitor cue resulted in neither sucrose or footshock. During a subsequent summation test for conditioned inhibition of fear and reward, the inhibitor cue was presented concurrently with the reward and fear cues without any outcome, intermixed with trials of reinforced reward and fear trials. Males showed significant conditioned inhibition of freezing, while females did not, which was not dependent on estrous. Both males and females showed significant conditioned inhibition of reward. During a retardation of fear acquisition test, the inhibitor was paired with footshock and both males and females showed delayed acquisition of fear. During a retardation of reward acquisition test, the inhibitor was paired with sucrose, and females showed delayed acquisition of reward, while males did not. In summary, males and females showed significant reward-fear-inhibitor cue discrimination, conditioned inhibition of reward, and retardation of fear acquisition. The main sex difference, which was not estrous-dependent, was the lack of conditioned inhibition of freezing in females. These data imply that while the inhibitor cue gained some inhibitory value in the females, the strength of this inhibitory value may not have been great enough to effectively downregulate freezing elicited by the fear cue.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 107881"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1074742723001624/pdfft?md5=88222663bee9568c3a2f38fb239ee772&pid=1-s2.0-S1074742723001624-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138885527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental enrichment improves cognitive function, learning, memory and anxiety-related behaviours in rodent models of dementia: Implications for future study","authors":"Siti Norhafizah Mohd Sahini ,&nbsp;Nurul Aqmar Mohd Nor Hazalin ,&nbsp;Bettadapura N. Srikumar ,&nbsp;Hanish Singh Jayasingh Chellammal ,&nbsp;Gurmeet Kaur Surindar Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2023.107880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2023.107880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Environmental enrichment (EE) is a process of brain stimulation by modifying the surroundings, for example, by changing the sensory, social, or physical conditions. Rodents have been used in such experimental strategies through exposure to diverse physical, social, and exploration conditions. The present study conducted an extensive analysis of the existing literature surrounding the impact of EE on dementia rodent models. The review emphasised the two principal aspects that are very closely related to dementia: cognitive function (learning and memory) as well as psychological factors (anxiety-related behaviours such as phobias and unrealistic worries). Also highlighted were the mechanisms involved in the rodent models of dementia showing EE effects. Two search engines, PubMed and Science Direct, were used for data collection using the following keywords: environmental enrichment, dementia, rodent model, cognitive performance, and anxiety-related behaviour. Fifty-five articles were chosen depending on the criteria for inclusion and exclusion. The rodent models with dementia demonstrated improved learning and memory in the form of hampered inflammatory responses, enhanced neuronal plasticity, and sustained neuronal activity. EE housing also prevented memory impairment through the prevention of amyloid beta (Aβ) seeding formation, an early stage of Aβ plaque formation. The rodents subjected to EE were observed to present increased exploratory activity and exert less anxiety-related behaviour, compared to those in standard housing. However, some studies have proposed that EE intervention through exercise would be too mild to counteract the anxiety-related behaviour and risk assessment behaviour deficits in the Alzheimer's disease rodent model. Future studies should be conducted on old-aged rodents and the duration of EE exposure that would elicit the greatest benefits since the existing studies have been conducted on a range of ages and EE durations. In summary, EE had a considerable effect on dementia rodent models, with the most evident being improved cognitive function.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 107880"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138681105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of extinction and an explicitly unpaired treatment on the reinforcing properties of a Pavlovian conditioned stimulus","authors":"Nicholas G.W. Kennedy,&nbsp;Nathan M. Holmes,&nbsp;Lily W.T. Peng,&nbsp;R. Frederick Westbrook","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2023.107879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2023.107879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This series of experiments examined the effects of extinction and an explicitly unpaired treatment on the ability of a conditioned stimulus (CS) to function as a reinforcer. Rats were trained to lever press for food, exposed to pairings of a noise CS and food, and, finally, tested for their willingness to lever press for the CS in the absence of the food. Experiment 1 provided a demonstration of conditioned reinforcement (using controls that were only exposed to unpaired presentations of the CS and food) and showed that it was equivalent after one or four sessions of CS-food pairings. Experiments 2 and 3 showed that, after one session of CS-food pairings, repeated presentations of the CS alone reduced its reinforcing properties; but after four sessions of CS-food pairings, repeated presentations of the CS alone had no effect on these properties. Experiment 4 showed that, after four sessions of CS-food pairings, explicitly unpaired presentations of the CS and food completely undermined conditioned reinforcement. Finally, Experiment 5 provided within-experiment evidence that, after four sessions of CS-food pairings, the reinforcing properties of the CS were disrupted by explicitly unpaired presentations of the CS and food but spared by repeated presentations of the CS alone. Together, these findings indicate that the effectiveness of extinction in undermining the reinforcing properties of a CS depends on its level of conditioning; and that, where extinction fails to disrupt these properties, they are successfully undermined by an explicitly unpaired treatment. They are discussed with respect to findings in the literature on Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer; and the Rescorla-Wagner model, which anticipates that an explicitly unpaired treatment will be more effective than extinction in reversing the effects of conditioning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 107879"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138625483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of learning history on anterograde interference","authors":"E. De La Fontaine ,&nbsp;R. Hamel ,&nbsp;J.F. Lepage ,&nbsp;P.M. Bernier","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2023.107866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2023.107866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Classically interpreted as a competition between opposite memories (A vs B), anterograde interference (AI) also emerges in the absence of competing memories (A vs A), suggesting that mechanisms other than those involved in memory competition contribute to AI. To investigate this, we tested the hypothesis that extending motor practice would enhance a first memory, but come at the cost of reduced learning capabilities when subsequently exposed to a second learning session of the same task. Based on converging biological evidence, AI was expected to depend upon the degree of extended practice of the initial exposure. During a first Session, four conditions were carried out where participants (<em>n</em><span> = 24) adapted to a gradually introduced −20° visual deviation while the extent of the initial exposure was manipulated by varying the duration or type of the performance asymptote. Specifically, the performance asymptote at −20° was either Short (40 trials), Moderate (160 trials), Long (320 trials), or absent due to continuously changing perturbations around the mean of −20° (Jagged; 160 trials). After a 2-min interval, participants re-adapted to the same (-20°) visual deviation, which was meant to probe the effect of extended practice in the first Session on the learning capabilities of a second identical memory (A vs A). The results first confirmed that the duration of exposure in the first Session enhanced immediate aftereffects in the Moderate, Long, and Jagged conditions as compared to the Short condition, suggesting that extended practice enhanced retention of the first memory. When comparing the second Session to the first one, results revealed a different pattern of re-adaptation depending on the duration of initial exposure: in the Short condition, there was evidence for facilitated re-adaptation and similar aftereffects. However, in the Moderate, Long and Jagged conditions, re-adaptation was similar and aftereffects were impaired, suggestive of AI. This suggests that extended practice initially enhances memory formation, but comes at the cost of reduced subsequent learning capabilities. One possibility is that AI occurs because extended practice induces the emergence of network-specific homeostatic constraints, which limit subsequent neuroplastic and learning capabilities in the same neural network.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 107866"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138299696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}