Neurobiology of Learning and Memory最新文献

{"title":"Involvement of serotonin receptors in destabilization and re-stabilization of retrieved context and food-aversion memory in terrestrial snail Helix lucorum","authors":"Alena B. Zuzina,&nbsp;Aliya Kh. Vinarskaya,&nbsp;Pavel M. Balaban","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The necessity for serotonin participation in memory reconsolidation in snails was demonstrated previously. So far, no research has addressed the involvement of serotonin receptors in retrieval-induced destabilization and re-stabilization of long-term context and cued memories in snails. The current study aimed to improve understanding of serotonin receptors involvement in those processes. We used a nonselective inhibitor of serotonin receptors methiothepin, and demonstrated that immediate post-reactivation methiothepin treatment induced an irreversible memory impairment, while the pre-reactivation methiothepin administration, and delayed post-reactivation methiothepin administration caused only partial memory attenuation, and memory still was well preserved. We also found that pre-reactivation methiothepin administration completely prevented the impairing effects of post-reactivation anisomycin (inhibitor of protein synthesis) injections for context and cued memories, what suggests that the pre-reactivation administration of the serotonin receptors inhibitor interfered with the retrieval-memory reactivation process. Delayed post-reactivation methiothepin administration did not prevented a significant memory impairment by anisomycin, suggesting absence of delayed effects. The results suggest that the serotonin receptors are probably involved in the process of destabilization and early phase of re-stabilization of context and food-aversion long-term memories, while less required for late phase of re-stabilization. The results obtained confirm the involvement of serotonin activity in memory reconsolidation process in mollusks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 108090"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hunger alters approach-avoidance behaviours differently in male and female mice","authors":"Roberta G. Anversa ,&nbsp;Gemma Goldstein ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Syed ,&nbsp;Harry Dempsey ,&nbsp;Amy Pearl ,&nbsp;Xavier J. Maddern ,&nbsp;Billi Newton ,&nbsp;Robyn M. Brown ,&nbsp;Felicia M. Reed ,&nbsp;Andrew J. Lawrence ,&nbsp;Leigh C. Walker","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The decision about whether to approach or avoid a reward while under threat requires balancing competing demands. Sex-specific prioritisations (e.g. mating, maternal care), or generalised prioritisations (e.g. feeding, drinking, sleeping) may differently influence approach-avoidance behaviours based on the level of “risk” and homeostatic need state of the organism. However, given known sex differences in key aspects that may influence this behaviour, direct comparison of how male and female mice make decisions to approach or avoid a dangerous area while in a fasted state have yet to be conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted several approach-avoidance tasks with varied levels of risk and reward in male and female C57BL6J mice that were either fasted or sated (fed). Mice underwent a light–dark box, elevated plus maze, baited large open field and runway task to assess their approach and avoidance behaviour.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the light–dark box and elevated plus maze, when no reward was available, fasted female mice showed greater approach behaviours than sated counterparts, while no difference was observed in males. In the baited large open field, when reward was available, both sexes showed increased approach behaviours when fasted. However, when sated, male mice conversely showed greater approach behaviours compared to sated female mice. In the runway task, while sated mice failed to learn, fasted male mice inhibited their reward consumption in response to increased shock intensity; however, fasted female mice were resistant to increased shock intensity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study identifies sex differences in decision making behaviour in mice based on satiety state across several approach-avoidance tasks. We highlight several nuances of these differences based on reward availability and punishment intensity. These results shine a lens on fundamental differences between the sexes in innate, survival driven behaviours that should be considered for future studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 108091"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The GRIA1 AMPA receptor subunit and selective learning","authors":"Jasmin A. Strickland ,&nbsp;Joseph M. Austen ,&nbsp;Rolf Sprengel ,&nbsp;David J. Sanderson","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The GRIA1 subunit of the AMPA receptor, encoded by the <em>GRIA1</em> gene, has been implicated in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is associated with impairments in attention that may lead to other symptoms due to a failure to learn selectively (e.g., learning about redundant cues). In mice, gene-targeted inactivation of <em>GRIA1</em> impairs hippocampal synaptic plasticity and alters learning and memory. To test the role of GRIA1 in selective learning, we trained mice lacking <em>GRIA1</em> on the blocking procedure. <em>GRIA1</em> knockout mice showed normal blocking of appetitive Pavlovian conditioning, in which prior learning of an auditory cue reduced subsequent acquisition of conditioned responding to a visual cue when the two cues were trained in compound. <em>GRIA1</em> knockout mice, however, failed to show blocking of flavour preference conditioning despite normal learning of the flavour that, in contrast, was effective in blocking conditioning in control mice. This impairment occurred under conditions in which mice were exposed to one flavour a day and when exposed to two flavours a day to aid discrimination between flavours. The dissociation between learning with visual cues and learning with flavours may suggest that GRIA1 containing AMPA receptors are necessary for selective learning for particular stimulus modalities. Alternatively, GRIA1 may play a role in selective learning when the similarity between cues competing for learning is high, as for flavour preference learning, but not when low, as for auditory and visual cues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108089"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144874287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of retinoids in memory reconsolidation and extinction following appetitive conditioning","authors":"Justin Wimmer ,&nbsp;Zakariah Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Gaynor E. Spencer","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of vitamin A, is an important signaling molecule during vertebrate synaptic plasticity and learning and memory. We have shown that it also plays a role in long-term memory formation following both operant and classical conditioning in the invertebrate, <em>Lymnaea stagnalis</em>. Following retrieval, recent long-term memories can undergo additional processing whereby they can be updated and re-stabilized during reconsolidation, or suppressed during extinction. Here, we examined whether retinoic acid is involved in post-retrieval memory processing by utilizing appetitive classical conditioning of <em>Lymnaea</em>. We show that exposure to retinoid signaling inhibitors differentially disrupts memory reconsolidation, depending on the need for protein synthesis and the extent of training received. We also show that memory extinction is inhibited in the presence of both retinoid inhibitors and protein synthesis inhibitors, regardless of the extent of training. These findings suggest that retinoids play a role in the continued processing of implicit memories following retrieval.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 108079"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144765030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of post-learning rest on false memory","authors":"William H. Livingston ,&nbsp;Adam L. Putnam ,&nbsp;Erin J. Wamsley","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Like sleep, a brief period of eyes-closed waking rest following encoding can improve memory. But in addition to quantitatively strengthening memory, sleep also qualitatively transforms memory. In one example of this effect, sleep has been reported to promote the formation of false memory, perhaps as a result of preferentially strengthening gist memory over memory for veridical detail. Here, we tested whether a period of eyes-closed waking rest, like sleep, affects the formation of false memories. We hypothesized that rest would increase false memory in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm as measured by recall but would decrease false memory as measured by recognition. Following auditory encoding of 8 DRM word lists, <em>N</em> = 51 participants either sat quietly with their eyes closed for 15 min or spent an equivalent period completing a distractor task (within-subjects). Afterwards, participants completed a recall and recognition test. Despite being well-powered to detect effects of the magnitude previously reported in sleep studies, we did not detect any effect of rest on the formation of false memories, regardless of testing method. This may indicate that waking rest does not affect the formation of false memories in the same way that sleep does.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 108080"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144743320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Male spontaneously hypertensive rats demonstrate reduced goal-directed control and difficulty updating previous learning","authors":"Zachary Pierce-Messick,&nbsp;Elif Sari,&nbsp;Laura H. Corbit","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Habitual control of repeated behaviours is adaptive because it can allow routine behaviours to continue under conditions where cognitive capacity is limited or burdened. However, the impact that cognitive demand has on behavioural control has not been thoroughly studied in animal models of habits. This study used a strain of rats—spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs)—that have known cognitive deficits to investigate their ability to update their behaviour following changes to outcome value, instrumental contingency, and the predictions of stimuli across multiple tasks. An outcome devaluation task was used to test whether instrumental performance was sensitive to changes in outcome value. While SHRs reduced responding for the devalued outcome, this effect was dampened relative to Long Evans controls. An omission contingency was then introduced and SHRs were unable to adapt their responding when a once reinforced response now prevented the delivery of a free outcome. A Pavlovian devaluation task found that SHRs were insensitive to devaluation and entered the magazine upon presentation of a reward-predictive stimulus, regardless of whether the stimulus predicted a devalued or non-devalued outcome. Finally, SHRs were found to be slower than Long Evans to inhibit initial learning when a stimulus that initially predicted food pellets was no longer reinforced. Collectively, these tasks help better characterize the behavioural capabilities of SHRs and extends our understanding of how limited cognitive capacity relates to expression of habitual behaviour.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 108078"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuro-immune interactions in memory","authors":"E. Stewart ,&nbsp;T.J. Ryan","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Responding appropriately to both internal and external factors to maintain homeostasis is key to survival in a dynamic environment. Memory is an adaptive brain function that enables organisms to interact efficiently with their environment by processing and storing perceptual input. Memory functions by shaping behaviour in the present, based on past experiences. These experiences are defined by both external environmental cues and internal signals (physiological states) and these dual sources of information require integration and feedback between central and peripheral systems. The immune system is a key physiological system that works to protect against pathogens and maintain homeostasis, and can also mediate behavioural changes through communication with the brain. Here we review the dynamic relationship between memory and the immune system in both health and disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 108077"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of post-learning EEG theta/beta ratio in long-term navigation performance","authors":"Roman Rozengurt ,&nbsp;Alexandra Doljenko ,&nbsp;Daniel A. Levy ,&nbsp;Avi Mendelsohn","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Memory consolidation processes have been shown to benefit from modulations in brain activity, particularly theta oscillations. Our previous studies showed that increases in post-learning Theta/Beta power ratio improves subsequent performance in both procedural and declarative memory across various tasks. In this study, we investigated the role of increases in frontal-midline Theta/Beta power ratio using EEG neurofeedback (NFB) in enhancing spatial memory consolidation during a navigation task in a virtual Minecraft environment. Sixty-four participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Theta/Beta NFB, Beta/Theta NFB, or a passive control group. Following spatial memory acquisition and three memory tests in the virtual environment, participants underwent a neurofeedback intervention designed to either upregulating or downregulate the Theta/Beta power ratio. Performance was assessed immediately post-intervention, 24 h later, and one week after the intervention. Results indicate that while some participants failed to regulate their Theta/Beta power by using the NFB display, those who increased their Theta/Beta power ratio, regardless of NFB, showed improved spatial memory, reflected in faster task completion times. Conversely, participants who exhibited a decrease in Theta/Beta ratio showed performance declines, while the passive control group showed minimal improvement. Although all participants improved over time, participants who increased Theta/Beta ratio showed the most substantial gains. These findings highlight the importance of post-learning Theta/Beta ratio oscillations in spatial memory consolidation. The study’s implications extend to clinical neuromodulation applications and a deeper understanding of memory processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 108076"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144489700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing degradation-independent linear polyubiquitin in the hippocampus enhances memory in young adult but not aged rats","authors":"Morgan B. Patrick ,&nbsp;Natalie J. Preveza ,&nbsp;Yeeun Bae ,&nbsp;Harshini Venkat ,&nbsp;Olivia N. Ball ,&nbsp;Gueladouan Setenet ,&nbsp;Shannon E. Kincaid ,&nbsp;Jennifer R. Abraham ,&nbsp;Adam Cummings ,&nbsp;Anna Rubley ,&nbsp;W. Keith Ray ,&nbsp;Richard F. Helm ,&nbsp;Timothy J. Jarome","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Age-related memory loss affects approximately 40% of the world’s population after the age of 65 and is a significant risk factor for the development of dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Numerous studies have reported that late in life there decreases in the function of the ubiquitin–proteasome system, the main regulator of protein degradation in cells that is also critically involved in memory formation. However, ubiquitin can mark proteins for fates other than destruction by the proteasome. Importantly, it remains unknown how the aging process alters proteasome-independent forms of ubiquitination and how this could contribute to age-related memory loss. Here, using an unbiased proteomic approach, we found that linear polyubiquitination – the only non-lysine proteasome-independent form of polyubiquitination – is significantly increased in the aged hippocampus at rest relative to young adults. However, in response to learning there was a significant reduction in linear polyubiquitination in the aged hippocampus, which contrasted with increases seen in young adult animals following learning. CRISPR-dCas9 mediated upregulation of linear polyubiquitination in the hippocampus improved memory in young adult, but not aged, rats. Together, these data suggest that while linear polyubiquitination is a critical regulator of hippocampus-dependent memory, increasing it in the aged hippocampus is not sufficient to improve memory in advanced age. These findings advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating memory late in life and stimulate future research on the role of degradation-independent ubiquitination in this process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 108075"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frustrative nonreward, sucrose consumption, and the basal ganglia: Role of chemogenetic activation of projections from the nucleus accumbens to the globus pallidus internus, globus pallidus externus, and ventral pallidum","authors":"Christopher W. Hagen,&nbsp;Jessica Suárez,&nbsp;Mauricio R. Papini","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mammals experience negative emotions after the unexpected reduction in reward magnitude—called frustrative nonreward (FNR). The neurobiological mechanisms activated in response to unexpected reward downshift could shed light on loss-induced anxiety, conflict, mood, and physical pain. Experiment 1 examined the role of three basal ganglia (BG) pathways in the adjustment to unexpected sucrose downshifts. A double-infection chemogenetic procedure was used to activate neurons in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) that project to the globus pallidus externus (GPe), globus pallidus internus (GPi), or ventral pallidum (VP) during a 32-to-2% sucrose downshift. Activation of the NAc-to-GPe pathway had no observable effects on licking during reward downshift, whereas activation of either the NAc-to-GPi or NAc-to-VP pathways caused significant consummatory suppression. Chemogenetic activation of the NAc-to-GPi and NAc-to-VP pathways also yielded increased consummatory suppression in animals exposed to either 2% sucrose (Experiment 2) or 32% sucrose (Experiment 3) in the absence of a sucrose downshift. These effects were accompanied by no evidence of motor dysfunction in the open field and a nonsignificant trend toward a decrease in sucrose palatability, particularly with a choice between 2% sucrose and water. However, preliminary observations show that licking suppression after CNO injections also enhanced activity in the conditioning box during access to 32% sucrose and relative to vehicle injections. Thus, these BG pathways regulate consummatory behavior in different ways, but whether BG dysfunction influences the behavioral response to unexpected reward downshifts remains to be established.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 108073"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}