Neurobiology of Learning and Memory最新文献_第3页

Sex differences and the influence of sex hormones on fear extinction and exposure therapy across the lifespan: A systematic review of studies in rodents and humans 性别差异和性激素对恐惧消退和暴露治疗的影响：对啮齿动物和人类研究的系统回顾。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108116

Jodie E. Pestana, Fionn Dunphy-Doherty, Madison Brooke, Bronwyn M. Graham

{"title":"Sex differences and the influence of sex hormones on fear extinction and exposure therapy across the lifespan: A systematic review of studies in rodents and humans","authors":"Jodie E. Pestana, Fionn Dunphy-Doherty, Madison Brooke, Bronwyn M. Graham","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fear extinction is a laboratory model that informs the mechanisms of exposure therapy for anxiety disorders. Although knowledge on fear extinction is primarily based on males, converging research shows that fear extinction and exposure therapy are influenced by sex-specific variables, including sex hormones. This systematic review aimed to synthesise the research on sex differences in fear extinction, and the influences of sex hormones on fear extinction, across the lifespan in rodents and humans, as well as the impact of these variables on exposure therapy in clinical populations. Pubmed and Scopus were searched through to May 2024 for articles that compared fear extinction or exposure therapy outcomes (behavioural and neurobiological measures) between sexes or examined the influence of sex hormones (or related factors, e.g., hormonal contraception) on these outcomes. One hundred and fifty-seven articles met inclusion criteria. Across species and ages, sex differences in fear extinction were commonly reported although the nature and direction of these differences were inconsistent. When accounting for female hormonal status, studies showed strong evidence that oestradiol enhances fear extinction and exposure therapy; conversely, hormonal contraceptives may disrupt extinction and exposure therapy. Sex and sex hormones frequently moderated the effects of other variables (e.g., drugs, stress) on fear extinction. This evidence synthesis strongly suggests future work on fear extinction and exposure therapy should routinely include both sexes, conduct sex-disaggregated analyses, and consider hormonal status. Given the heightened prevalence of anxiety disorders in women, such practices will facilitate more valid, useful, and equitable scientific models of anxiety treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 108116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145636624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ensembles and engrams in mouse cortical and sub-thalamic brain regions supporting context and memory recall 支持上下文和记忆回忆的小鼠皮层和丘脑下脑区域的集合和印记。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108128

William W. Taylor , Vienna Gao , Laura Korobkova , Brian G. Dias

{"title":"Ensembles and engrams in mouse cortical and sub-thalamic brain regions supporting context and memory recall","authors":"William W. Taylor , Vienna Gao , Laura Korobkova , Brian G. Dias","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Associative learning supports learning about outcomes associated with contexts and cues. During learning, cellular ensembles that become active can be incorporated into memory engrams and later reactivated to support recall. Studies exploring engram formation and reactivation have primarily used contextual conditioning in mice and made little distinction between ensembles supporting contextual information versus cue-associated learning and recall. Furthermore, often missing in such analyses is exploration of sex differences in ensemble dynamics. Using auditory fear conditioning and activity-dependent tagging in mice, we set out to disaggregate context-associated ensembles from those associated with cue-related learning and recall while also profiling potential sex differences. Specifically, we quantified cellular activity during context exposure, fear recall, extinction training, and extinction recall in cortical and subthalamic brain regions supporting learning and memory. We found that male mice had denser ensembles of cells active in the infralimbic prefrontal cortex (IL-PFC) during context exposure, while female mice had a significantly greater proportion of newly active cells in the IL-PFC during fear recall. We also found a sexually dimorphic pattern of correlation between activity in the IL-PFC and in the zona incerta (ZI). Across sexes, we found denser overlapping cells and greater reactivation of extinction ensembles in the IL-PFC. These results emphasize that there is a distinction to be made between ensembles supporting contextual information from those encoding cue-associated memory and highlight important sex differences in ensemble dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 108128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145828231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implicit and explicit reversal of trained oculomotor movements 训练后的动眼肌运动的内隐和外显逆转

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108114

Mario Michiels , David Luque , Ignacio Obeso

{"title":"Implicit and explicit reversal of trained oculomotor movements","authors":"Mario Michiels , David Luque , Ignacio Obeso","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Habitual behavior is thought to emerge with extended training and reduced sensitivity to outcome devaluation. However, little is known about how habit-like oculomotor responses adapt when devaluation is implicit or embedded within a previously learned context. We examined this in a novel oculomotor learning task involving visual shape-reward associations with both standard and overtrained stimuli. Twenty-six participants completed a shape-color learning task while their eye movements were recorded using an eye-tracker system (1000 Hz). The task involved 11 blocks, including training, intra-block reversal (implicit stimulus-reward changes), and classical devaluation phases (explicitly instructed reward changes). Statistical analyses were performed using linear mixed-effects models on accuracy and response time (RT) measures. As expected, higher accuracy and faster responses for overtrained versus standard-trained stimuli were observed during training, confirming stronger learning. In the classical devaluation phase, overtrained stimuli elicited significantly more errors compared to standard-trained stimuli, relative to the performance in the training phase. This indicates stronger resistance to goal-directed updating. The effect was more pronounced during intra-block reversal of associations, where reward contingencies changed without warning. While RTs were not affected by classical devaluation, intra-block reversal significantly increased RTs for overtrained stimuli, relative to RTs in the training phase. This suggests a higher cognitive cost for overriding well-learned habitual responses when changes are unpredictable. These findings provide new evidence for the behavioral rigidity associated with overtraining of oculomotor behavior and suggest that unexpected outcome changes impose an additional switch cost on habitual oculomotor behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 108114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sleep promotes illusory word compositions, a distinct form of false memory 睡眠促进了虚幻的单词组合，这是一种不同形式的错误记忆。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108129

Itamar Lerner, Sarah C. Hamm

{"title":"Sleep promotes illusory word compositions, a distinct form of false memory","authors":"Itamar Lerner, Sarah C. Hamm","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extensive evidence supports the beneficial effects of sleep on memory and learning, including the consolidation and reorganization of memories and the extraction of regularities from encoded experiences. Nevertheless, some studies suggest that sleep may also increase false memories, potentially as a byproduct of regularities extraction. Physiologically, time-compressed memory replay in the hippocampus during non-rapid-eye-movement (nREM) sleep is believed to contribute to the consolidation process, although the functional significance of time compression remains elusive. Recently, we proposed that compressed replay might allow associating events that happened at disparate times, thus supporting the extraction of regularities with a temporal nature. This model predicted that sleep might also facilitate a distinct kind of false memories, in which two separate events occurring consecutively are encoded as a single composite event. Here, we tested this prediction by exposing male and female adults to separate word pairs (e.g., car, pet) that could form a new composite word if combined (carpet). We then tested their memory for composite words following a period of sleep or wake. Confirming our main prediction, we found that sleep actively facilitated false composite memories. Furthermore, EEG recordings indicated the involvement of nREM sleep in the process, albeit in a nuanced manner: While some slow-wave or spindle-related parameters predicted increase in false memories, others were associated with fewer false memories and a decline in veridical memories. The latter result resembles previous findings from non-composite false memory studies and could suggest a competitive mechanism between semantic and episodic consolidation during sleep.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 108129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145828204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reconceptualizing human fear memory through the defense cascade 通过防御级联重新定义人类恐惧记忆。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108126

Maria Alemany-González, Ai Koizumi

{"title":"Reconceptualizing human fear memory through the defense cascade","authors":"Maria Alemany-González, Ai Koizumi","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human fear memory and its associated pathologies are predominantly studied within fear conditioning frameworks. While this reductionist approach has provided valuable insights into the neural and behavioral mechanisms of fear memory, it inadequately captures the diverse dysfunctions in defense responses observed in post-traumatic disorders. These dysfunctions include maladaptive immobility and aberrant fight-or-flight reactions, contributing to substantial individual variability. Traditional paradigms in human studies typically present conditioned stimuli without accounting for the imminence or spatio-temporal proximity of the threat and rely on univariate physiological measures like skin conductance to quantify magnitudes of conditioned responses. Such methods fail to encompass the full range of qualitatively distinct defense behaviors. In contrast, models on defense mechanisms highlight the cascade of defense responses across the threat imminence continuum. This review explores emerging theoretical and methodological innovations that integrate these models to extend the fear memory framework in humans. Key advancements include the dynamic manipulation of threat imminence and the integration of whole-body movements to elicit and evaluate a wider spectrum of defense modes. These innovations offer a promising path for understanding how traumatic experiences disrupt the defense system and contribute to the development of heterogeneous pathological outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 108126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145757125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reductions in protein degradation in the retrosplenial cortex regulate contextual fear memory formation in a sex-independent manner 脾后皮层蛋白质降解的减少以一种与性别无关的方式调节情境恐惧记忆的形成。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108127

Meagan Turner , Olivia Ball , W.Keith Ray , Richard F. Helm , Timothy J. Jarome

{"title":"Reductions in protein degradation in the retrosplenial cortex regulate contextual fear memory formation in a sex-independent manner","authors":"Meagan Turner , Olivia Ball , W.Keith Ray , Richard F. Helm , Timothy J. Jarome","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The retrosplenial cortex (RSC), which serves as a hub to connect the hippocampus and amygdala with other cortical regions, has been shown to play a role in the formation of contextual fear memories. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the RSC forms memories and whether sex differences exist within these mechanisms remain largely unknown. Increases in ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated protein degradation have been shown to be sex-dependently involved in the formation of contextual fear memories in multiple brain regions, including the hippocampus and amygdala. To date, whether increases in protein degradation are needed in the RSC for memory formation in either sex has yet to be examined. Here, we found that proteasome function in the RSC decreases after contextual fear conditioning in both male and female rats. Consistent with this, increasing proteasome activity in the RSC via CRISPR-dCas9-mediated upregulation of <em>Psmd14</em> impaired contextual fear memory in a mixed sex cohort. Interestingly, proteomic analysis of degradation-specific lysine-48 (K48) polyubiquitination in the RSC of fear-conditioned rats showed largely distinct protein degradation targets and impacted pathways across the sexes. This suggests that despite the shared need for reductions in protein degradation, males and females are using this mechanism in different ways to form the same memory. Together, these data demonstrate that reductions in protein degradation in the RSC are critical for contextual fear memory formation in both males and females and indicate that the molecular changes in the RSC during memory formation may be distinct from those of other more commonly studied brain regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 108127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145763354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Threat Acquisition and Extinction Differences Between Patients With Panic Disorder or Specific Phobia and Non-Clinical Controls: A Systematic Review 惊恐障碍或特定恐惧症患者与非临床对照的威胁获得和消失差异：系统回顾。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108125

Kane Steggles, Matthew Garner, Jayne Morriss

{"title":"Threat Acquisition and Extinction Differences Between Patients With Panic Disorder or Specific Phobia and Non-Clinical Controls: A Systematic Review","authors":"Kane Steggles, Matthew Garner, Jayne Morriss","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of threat conditioning and extinction processes in anxiety disorders (AD) may further our understanding of the genesis, maintenance, and treatment of these conditions. As it stands, there have been multiple systematic reviews carried out in this area. Patient-control differences in threat acquisition and extinction have been investigated in relation to ADs, obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), and social anxiety disorder (SAD). However, this remains to be investigated in either panic disorder (PD) or specific phobia (SP). In this paper, a narrative systematic review was carried out to collate and critically assess the literature investigating patient-control differences in threat acquisition, extinction, and extinction retention processes in relation to PD and SP separately. Specifically, across fMRI, EEG, EMG, SCR, and self-report. This resulted in the inclusion of 14 PD studies and 7 SP studies. Across PD studies, the review identified reliable evidence for lowered discrimination between conditioned threat and safety cues, and mixed evidence for increased responding to the threat cue, during acquisition in PD patients vs. non-anxious controls. Across SP studies, the review identified strong evidence for heightened discrimination between conditioned threat and safety cues during acquisition, and strong evidence for heightened responding to the threat cue during extinction, in SP patients vs. non-anxious controls. In both PD and SP studies, patient-control differences were identified more frequently in relation to subjective, as opposed to physiological, measures. The findings of this review are then critiqued and compared to the wider literature. Finally, implications, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 108125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145781529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intrinsic excitability changes in amygdala neurons following observational fear conditioning in mice 小鼠观察性恐惧条件反射后杏仁核神经元内在兴奋性的变化。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108115

Eun-Hwa Hong , Yang In Kim , Young-Beom Kim , June-Seek Choi

{"title":"Intrinsic excitability changes in amygdala neurons following observational fear conditioning in mice","authors":"Eun-Hwa Hong , Yang In Kim , Young-Beom Kim , June-Seek Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Observational fear conditioning (OFC) is used to study the social transmission of aversive information within a social context. In a typical experiment, observers exhibit defensive responses after witnessing a demonstrator’s reaction to repeated footshocks. Despite its relevance to socially acquired fear, the underlying cellular plasticity remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated changes in the intrinsic excitability of amygdala neurons following OFC. In Experiment 1, we classified amygdala neurons into burst, regular and late-firing types, and found that burst-firing neurons in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and late-firing neurons in the central amygdala (CeA) of the observer mice showed increased intrinsic neuronal excitability. In Experiment 2, we found that intrinsic excitability changes in both BLA and CeA neurons were selectively enhanced when observers witnessed the demonstrator’s high-frequency jumping behavior, but not freezing. In Experiment 3, an opaque wall and a distractor were used to investigate the role of visual transmission during OFC. Although both the opaque wall and the distractor blocked observer’s fear response, burst-firing BLA neurons in the distractor group nonetheless exhibited enhanced excitability, whereas late-firing CeA neurons did not. These findings suggest that amygdala subpopulations play dissociable roles in OFC: burst-firing BLA neurons appear to be involved in processing emotionally salient sensory cues, while late-firing CeA neurons appear to mediate the expression of socially acquired fear.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 108115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145636626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The mechanisms of memory traces storage and interaction in snails: Role of DNA methylation and protein synthesis 蜗牛记忆痕迹储存和相互作用的机制：DNA甲基化和蛋白质合成的作用。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108105

Vladimir P. Nikitin , Svetlana V. Solntseva , Pavel V. Nikitin

{"title":"The mechanisms of memory traces storage and interaction in snails: Role of DNA methylation and protein synthesis","authors":"Vladimir P. Nikitin , Svetlana V. Solntseva , Pavel V. Nikitin","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the storage and interaction of different memory traces remains an important, yet underexplored, topic in neurobiology. We addressed this using grape snails trained to reject two food-conditioned stimuli (CS). Our results indicate that memory storage mechanisms for distinct CS are independent, as selective impairment of memory reconsolidation with an NMDA receptor antagonist affected only one CS. When both CS reconsolidations were simultaneously disrupted, the snails developed amnesia, which manifested as anterograde amnesia on late amnesia stage, where repeated training failed to induce long-term memory formation. Intriguingly, shortened retraining in the presence of a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor facilitated memory recovery for one CS while preserving amnesia for the other, suggesting that latent memory traces are maintained via DNA methylation. Moreover, training to new food type aversion under a DNMT inhibitor induced spontaneous memory recovery for an old CS memory, which was tested the next day after training. This recovery did not occur during new training in the absence of the DNMT inhibitor. It was also found that a protein synthesis inhibitor administered before new training suppressed the restoration of old memory, whereas an inhibitor administered after new training, but not before it, prevented the formation of new memory. These findings demonstrate that independent molecular and epigenetic mechanisms preserve memory traces within the same neuronal ensemble and that new information can reactivate latent memories through specific protein synthesis and DNA methylation processes, offering fresh insights into memory storage and reconsolidation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How environmental enrichment influences conditioned taste aversion: A case of behavioral tagging 环境富集如何影响条件味觉厌恶：一个行为标签的案例。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108100

Beatriz Gutiérrez-Vera, Gerardo R. Perera-Murcia, Martha L. Escobar

{"title":"How environmental enrichment influences conditioned taste aversion: A case of behavioral tagging","authors":"Beatriz Gutiérrez-Vera, Gerardo R. Perera-Murcia, Martha L. Escobar","doi":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nlm.2025.108100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exposure to environmental enrichment (EE) has demonstrated a remarkable ability to modulate cognitive processes. These effects have been associated with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein recognized for regulating synaptic plasticity in the adult brain. Previous research from our group revealed that exposure to EE prior to the acquisition of a strong form of conditioned taste aversion (CTA) weakens the aversive response by restoring BDNF levels in the insular cortex (IC), a region in the temporal lobe involved in multimodal sensory integration and learning and memory processes. The behavioral tagging model offers a framework to explain how salient or novel events can strengthen weak memory traces encoded within critical time windows before or after the novel experience. However, to date, the effect of brief exposure to an enriched environment at the critical timeframe between the acquisition phase and the aversion test has not been fully clarified. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of environmental enrichment on the strength of CTA memory, when the EE is presented during the period spanning from acquisition to aversion test. To do so, Wistar rats were exposed to environmental enrichment for seven days between the acquisition session and the CTA aversion test. Our results show for the first time that a brief exposure to an enriched environment can strengthen the aversive response of a weak CTA. Our results also show that the response strengthening is accompanied by a reduction in BDNF levels in the IC. These findings present evidence that an aversive memory response can be modified through innovative and complex behavioral manipulation, highlighting enriched environments as potential modulators of aversive memory within critical periods of memory processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19102,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0